13{
"verseID": "Exodus.19.13",
"source": "לֹא־תִגַּ֨ע בּ֜וֹ יָ֗ד כִּֽי־סָק֤וֹל יִסָּקֵל֙ אוֹ־יָרֹ֣ה יִיָּרֶ֔ה אִם־בְּהֵמָ֥ה אִם־אִ֖ישׁ לֹ֣א יִחְיֶ֑ה בִּמְשֹׁךְ֙ הַיֹּבֵ֔ל הֵ֖מָּה יַעֲל֥וּ בָהָֽר׃",
"text": "Not *tiggaʿ* in him *yād* for *sāqôl* *yissāqēl* or *yārōh* *yiyyāreh* if *bəhēmāh* if *ʾîš* not *yiḥyeh* in *mišōḵ* the *yōbēl* they *yaʿălû* in the *hār*.",
"grammar": {
"*tiggaʿ*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - will touch",
"*yād*": "noun, feminine singular - hand",
"*sāqôl*": "verb, qal infinitive absolute - stoning",
"*yissāqēl*": "verb, niphal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will be stoned",
"*yārōh*": "verb, qal infinitive absolute - shooting",
"*yiyyāreh*": "verb, niphal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will be shot",
"*bəhēmāh*": "noun, feminine singular - beast/animal",
"*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man",
"*yiḥyeh*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will live",
"*mišōḵ*": "verb, qal infinitive construct - drawing out/sounding long",
"*yōbēl*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the ram's horn/trumpet",
"*yaʿălû*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they will go up",
"*hār*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the mountain"
},
"variants": {
"*sāqôl yissāqēl*": "he shall surely be stoned (emphatic construction)",
"*yārōh yiyyāreh*": "he shall surely be shot with arrows (emphatic construction)",
"*yōbēl*": "ram's horn/trumpet/jubilee horn"
}
}
14{
"verseID": "Exodus.19.14",
"source": "וַיֵּ֧רֶד מֹשֶׁ֛ה מִן־הָהָ֖ר אֶל־הָעָ֑ם וַיְקַדֵּשׁ֙ אֶת־הָעָ֔ם וַֽיְכַבְּס֖וּ שִׂמְלֹתָֽם׃",
"text": "*wə-yēred* *mōšeh* from the *hār* to the *ʿām* *wə-yəqaddēš* *ʾet*-the *ʿām* *wə-yəḵabbəsû* *śimlōtām*.",
"grammar": {
"*wə-yēred*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he came down",
"*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses",
"*hār*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the mountain",
"*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the people",
"*wə-yəqaddēš*": "conjunction + verb, piel imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he sanctified",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the people",
"*wə-yəḵabbəsû*": "conjunction + verb, piel imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they washed",
"*śimlōtām*": "noun, feminine plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their garments"
},
"variants": {
"*wə-yəqaddēš*": "and he sanctified/and he consecrated/and he prepared",
"*wə-yəḵabbəsû*": "and they washed/and they cleansed",
"*śimlōtām*": "their garments/their clothes/their outer garments"
}
}
15{
"verseID": "Exodus.19.15",
"source": "וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ אֶל־הָעָ֔ם הֱי֥וּ נְכֹנִ֖ים לִשְׁלֹ֣שֶׁת יָמִ֑ים אַֽל־תִּגְּשׁ֖וּ אֶל־אִשָּֽׁה׃",
"text": "*wə-yōʾmer* to the *ʿām* *hĕyû* *nəḵōnîm* for *šəlōšet* *yāmîm* not *tiggəšû* to *ʾiššāh*.",
"grammar": {
"*wə-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said",
"*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the people",
"*hĕyû*": "verb, qal imperative masculine plural - be",
"*nəḵōnîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - ready/prepared",
"*šəlōšet*": "noun, feminine singular construct - three of",
"*yāmîm*": "noun, masculine plural - days",
"*tiggəšû*": "verb, qal imperfect 2nd masculine plural - you shall come near/approach",
"*ʾiššāh*": "noun, feminine singular - woman/wife"
},
"variants": {
"*nəḵōnîm*": "ready/prepared/set",
"*tiggəšû*": "come near/approach/go near",
"*ʾiššāh*": "woman/wife"
}
}
16{
"verseID": "Exodus.19.16",
"source": "וַיְהִי֩ בַיּ֨וֹם הַשְּׁלִישִׁ֜י בִּֽהְיֹ֣ת הַבֹּ֗קֶר וַיְהִי֩ קֹלֹ֨ת וּבְרָקִ֜ים וְעָנָ֤ן כָּבֵד֙ עַל־הָהָ֔ר וְקֹ֥ל שֹׁפָ֖ר חָזָ֣ק מְאֹ֑ד וַיֶּחֱרַ֥ד כָּל־הָעָ֖ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר בַּֽמַּחֲנֶֽה׃",
"text": "*wə-yhî* in the *yôm* the *šəlîšî* in *bihyōt* the *bōqer* *wə-yhî* *qōlōt* and *bərāqîm* and *ʿānān* *kābēd* on the *hār* and *qōl* *šōpār* *ḥāzāq* very and *wə-yeḥĕrad* all the *ʿām* *ʾăšer* in the *maḥăneh*.",
"grammar": {
"*wə-yhî*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular apocopated - and it happened",
"*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the day",
"*šəlîšî*": "adjective, masculine singular (with definite article) - the third",
"*bihyōt*": "preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct - at the being of",
"*bōqer*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the morning",
"*wə-yhî*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular apocopated - and there were",
"*qōlōt*": "noun, masculine plural - voices/thunders",
"*bərāqîm*": "noun, masculine plural - lightnings",
"*ʿānān*": "noun, masculine singular - cloud",
"*kābēd*": "adjective, masculine singular - heavy/thick",
"*hār*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the mountain",
"*qōl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - sound of",
"*šōpār*": "noun, masculine singular - ram's horn/trumpet",
"*ḥāzāq*": "adjective, masculine singular - strong",
"*wə-yeḥĕrad*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and trembled",
"*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the people",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - who/that",
"*maḥăneh*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the camp"
},
"variants": {
"*qōlōt*": "thunders/voices/sounds",
"*ʿānān kābēd*": "thick cloud/dense cloud/heavy cloud",
"*šōpār*": "trumpet/ram's horn/shofar"
}
}
17{
"verseID": "Exodus.19.17",
"source": "וַיּוֹצֵ֨א מֹשֶׁ֧ה אֶת־הָעָ֛ם לִקְרַ֥את הָֽאֱלֹהִ֖ים מִן־הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֑ה וַיִּֽתְיַצְּב֖וּ בְּתַחְתִּ֥ית הָהָֽר׃",
"text": "*wə-yôṣēʾ* *mōšeh* *ʾet*-the *ʿām* to *liqraʾt* the *ʾĕlōhîm* from the *maḥăneh* *wə-yityaṣṣəbû* in *taḥtît* the *hār*.",
"grammar": {
"*wə-yôṣēʾ*": "conjunction + verb, hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he brought out",
"*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the people",
"*liqraʾt*": "preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct - to meet",
"*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural (with definite article) - God/the gods",
"*maḥăneh*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the camp",
"*wə-yityaṣṣəbû*": "conjunction + verb, hithpael imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they stationed themselves",
"*taḥtît*": "noun, feminine singular construct - lower part/foot of",
"*hār*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the mountain"
},
"variants": {
"*liqraʾt*": "to meet/to encounter",
"*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine being",
"*taḥtît*": "foot/base/lower part"
}
}
18{
"verseID": "Exodus.19.18",
"source": "וְהַ֤ר סִינַי֙ עָשַׁ֣ן כֻּלּ֔וֹ מִ֠פְּנֵי אֲשֶׁ֨ר יָרַ֥ד עָלָ֛יו יְהוָ֖ה בָּאֵ֑שׁ וַיַּ֤עַל עֲשָׁנוֹ֙ כְּעֶ֣שֶׁן הַכִּבְשָׁ֔ן וַיֶּחֱרַ֥ד כָּל־הָהָ֖ר מְאֹֽד׃",
"text": "And *har* *sînay* *ʿāšan* all of it from *mippənê* *ʾăšer* *yārad* upon it *YHWH* in the *ʾēš* *wə-yaʿal* *ʿăšānô* like *ʿešen* the *kibšān* *wə-yeḥĕrad* all the *hār* greatly.",
"grammar": {
"*har*": "noun, masculine singular construct - mountain of",
"*sînay*": "proper noun - Sinai",
"*ʿāšan*": "verb, qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - smoked",
"*mippənê*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct - from the presence of",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - that/which",
"*yārad*": "verb, qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - descended/came down",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name (Yahweh/Jehovah)",
"*ʾēš*": "noun, feminine singular (with definite article) - the fire",
"*wə-yaʿal*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and went up",
"*ʿăšānô*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - its smoke",
"*ʿešen*": "noun, masculine singular construct - smoke of",
"*kibšān*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the furnace",
"*wə-yeḥĕrad*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and trembled",
"*hār*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the mountain"
},
"variants": {
"*ʿāšan*": "smoked/was smoking",
"*mippənê*": "from the presence of/because of",
"*kibšān*": "furnace/kiln/smelting furnace"
}
}