20 {
"verseID": "Exodus.21.20",
"source": "וְכִי־יַכֶּה אִישׁ אֶת־עַבְדּוֹ אוֹ אֶת־אֲמָתוֹ בַּשֵּׁבֶט וּמֵת תַּחַת יָדוֹ נָקֹם יִנָּקֵם",
"text": "*wə-kî-yakkeh* *ʾîsh* *ʾet-ʿabdô* *ʾô* *ʾet-ʾamātô* *ba-shēbeṭ* *û-mēt* *tachat* *yādô* *nāqōm* *yinnāqēm*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-kî*": "conjunction + conjunction - and if",
"*yakkeh*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he strikes",
"*ʾîsh*": "masculine singular noun - a man",
"*ʾet-ʿabdô*": "direct object marker + masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his male servant",
"*ʾô*": "conjunction - or",
"*ʾet-ʾamātô*": "direct object marker + feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his female servant",
"*ba-shēbeṭ*": "preposition *bə* + definite article + masculine singular noun - with the rod",
"*û-mēt*": "conjunction *wə* + qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he dies",
"*tachat*": "preposition - under",
"*yādô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his hand",
"*nāqōm yinnāqēm*": "infinitive absolute + niphal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he shall surely be avenged"
},
"variants": {
"*yakkeh*": "strikes/hits/beats",
"*ʿabdô*": "his male servant/his slave",
"*ʾamātô*": "his female servant/his maidservant",
"*shēbeṭ*": "rod/staff/stick",
"*tachat yādô*": "under his hand/by his hand/immediately",
"*nāqōm yinnāqēm*": "shall surely be avenged/shall certainly be punished"
}
}
21 {
"verseID": "Exodus.21.21",
"source": "אַךְ אִם־יוֹם אוֹ יוֹמַיִם יַעֲמֹד לֹא יֻקַּם כִּי כַסְפּוֹ הוּא",
"text": "*ʾak* *ʾim-yôm* *ʾô* *yômayim* *yaʿamōd* *lōʾ* *yuqqam* *kî* *kaspô* *hûʾ*",
"grammar": {
"*ʾak*": "adverb - however/but",
"*ʾim*": "conjunction - if",
"*yôm*": "masculine singular noun - a day",
"*ʾô*": "conjunction - or",
"*yômayim*": "masculine dual noun - two days",
"*yaʿamōd*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he continues",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*yuqqam*": "hophal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he shall be avenged",
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*kaspô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his money",
"*hûʾ*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun - he"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾak*": "however/but/nevertheless",
"*yaʿamōd*": "continues/remains/survives",
"*yuqqam*": "shall be avenged/shall be punished",
"*kaspô hûʾ*": "he is his money/he is his property/he was bought with his money"
}
}
22 {
"verseID": "Exodus.21.22",
"source": "וְכִי־יִנָּצוּ אֲנָשִׁים וְנָגְפוּ אִשָּׁה הָרָה וְיָצְאוּ יְלָדֶיהָ וְלֹא יִהְיֶה אָסוֹן עָנוֹשׁ יֵעָנֵשׁ כַּאֲשֶׁר יָשִׁית עָלָיו בַּעַל הָאִשָּׁה וְנָתַן בִּפְלִלִים",
"text": "*wə-kî-yinnāṣû* *ʾanāshîm* *wə-nāgəpû* *ʾishshāh* *hārāh* *wə-yāṣəʾû* *yəlādêhā* *wə-lōʾ* *yihyeh* *ʾāsôn* *ʿānôsh* *yēʿānēsh* *ka-ʾasher* *yāshît* *ʿālāyw* *baʿal* the *ʾishshāh* *wə-nātan* *bi-phlilîm*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-kî*": "conjunction + conjunction - and if",
"*yinnāṣû*": "niphal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they strive together",
"*ʾanāshîm*": "masculine plural noun - men",
"*wə-nāgəpû*": "conjunction *wə* + qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - and they strike",
"*ʾishshāh*": "feminine singular noun - a woman",
"*hārāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - pregnant",
"*wə-yāṣəʾû*": "conjunction *wə* + qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - and come out",
"*yəlādêhā*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her children",
"*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction *wə* + negative particle - but not",
"*yihyeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - there is",
"*ʾāsôn*": "masculine singular noun - harm/injury",
"*ʿānôsh yēʿānēsh*": "infinitive absolute + niphal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he shall surely be fined",
"*ka-ʾasher*": "preposition *kə* + relative pronoun - according to what",
"*yāshît*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he imposes",
"*ʿālāyw*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - upon him",
"*baʿal*": "masculine construct noun - husband of",
"*ʾishshāh*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the woman",
"*wə-nātan*": "conjunction *wə* + qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he shall give",
"*bi-phlilîm*": "preposition *bə* + masculine plural noun - by the judges"
},
"variants": {
"*yinnāṣû*": "strive together/struggle/fight",
"*nāgəpû*": "strike/hit/hurt",
"*yāṣəʾû yəlādêhā*": "her children come out/she gives birth prematurely/she miscarries",
"*ʾāsôn*": "harm/injury/calamity/serious damage",
"*ʿānôsh yēʿānēsh*": "he shall surely be fined/he shall certainly pay compensation",
"*yāshît*": "imposes/lays/sets",
"*bi-phlilîm*": "by the judges/by arbitration/according to assessment"
}
}
23 {
"verseID": "Exodus.21.23",
"source": "וְאִם־אָסוֹן יִהְיֶה וְנָתַתָּה נֶפֶשׁ תַּחַת נָפֶשׁ",
"text": "*wə-ʾim-ʾāsôn* *yihyeh* *wə-nātattāh* *nephesh* *tachat* *nāphesh*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-ʾim*": "conjunction + conjunction - but if",
"*ʾāsôn*": "masculine singular noun - harm/injury",
"*yihyeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - there is",
"*wə-nātattāh*": "conjunction *wə* + qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - then you shall give",
"*nephesh*": "feminine singular noun - life",
"*tachat*": "preposition - in place of",
"*nāphesh*": "feminine singular noun - life"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾāsôn*": "harm/injury/calamity",
"*nephesh tachat nāphesh*": "life for life/soul for soul"
}
}
24 {
"verseID": "Exodus.21.24",
"source": "עַיִן תַּחַת עַיִן שֵׁן תַּחַת שֵׁן יָד תַּחַת יָד רֶגֶל תַּחַת רָגֶל",
"text": "*ʿayin* *tachat* *ʿayin* *shēn* *tachat* *shēn* *yād* *tachat* *yād* *regel* *tachat* *rāgel*",
"grammar": {
"*ʿayin*": "feminine singular noun - eye",
"*tachat*": "preposition - in place of",
"*ʿayin*": "feminine singular noun - eye",
"*shēn*": "feminine singular noun - tooth",
"*tachat*": "preposition - in place of",
"*shēn*": "feminine singular noun - tooth",
"*yād*": "feminine singular noun - hand",
"*tachat*": "preposition - in place of",
"*yād*": "feminine singular noun - hand",
"*regel*": "feminine singular noun - foot",
"*tachat*": "preposition - in place of",
"*rāgel*": "feminine singular noun - foot"
},
"variants": {
"*tachat*": "in place of/for/instead of"
}
}
25 {
"verseID": "Exodus.21.25",
"source": "כְּוִיָּה תַּחַת כְּוִיָּה פֶּצַע תַּחַת פָּצַע חַבּוּרָה תַּחַת חַבּוּרָה",
"text": "*kəwiyyāh* *tachat* *kəwiyyāh* *peṣaʿ* *tachat* *pāṣaʿ* *chabbûrāh* *tachat* *chabbûrāh*",
"grammar": {
"*kəwiyyāh*": "feminine singular noun - burn",
"*tachat*": "preposition - in place of",
"*kəwiyyāh*": "feminine singular noun - burn",
"*peṣaʿ*": "masculine singular noun - wound",
"*tachat*": "preposition - in place of",
"*pāṣaʿ*": "masculine singular noun - wound",
"*chabbûrāh*": "feminine singular noun - stripe/bruise",
"*tachat*": "preposition - in place of",
"*chabbûrāh*": "feminine singular noun - stripe/bruise"
},
"variants": {
"*kəwiyyāh*": "burn/burning",
"*peṣaʿ*": "wound/injury/cut",
"*chabbûrāh*": "stripe/bruise/blow"
}
}
26 {
"verseID": "Exodus.21.26",
"source": "וְכִי־יַכֶּה אִישׁ אֶת־עֵין עַבְדּוֹ אוֹ־אֶת־עֵין אֲמָתוֹ וְשִׁחֲתָהּ לַחָפְשִׁי יְשַׁלְּחֶנּוּ תַּחַת עֵינוֹ",
"text": "*wə-kî-yakkeh* *ʾîsh* *ʾet-ʿên* *ʿabdô* *ʾô-ʾet-ʿên* *ʾamātô* *wə-shichathāh* *la-chophshî* *yəshallĕchennû* *tachat* *ʿênô*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-kî*": "conjunction + conjunction - and if",
"*yakkeh*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he strikes",
"*ʾîsh*": "masculine singular noun - a man",
"*ʾet-ʿên*": "direct object marker + construct state of feminine singular noun - the eye of",
"*ʿabdô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his male servant",
"*ʾô-ʾet*": "conjunction + direct object marker - or",
"*ʿên*": "construct state of feminine singular noun - the eye of",
"*ʾamātô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his female servant",
"*wə-shichathāh*": "conjunction *wə* + piel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - and destroys it",
"*la-chophshî*": "preposition *lə* + masculine singular noun - to freedom",
"*yəshallĕchennû*": "piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - he shall let him go",
"*tachat*": "preposition - in place of",
"*ʿênô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his eye"
},
"variants": {
"*yakkeh*": "strikes/hits/injures",
"*shichathāh*": "destroys it/damages it/ruins it",
"*yəshallĕchennû la-chophshî*": "he shall let him go free/he shall release him as a free person",
"*tachat ʿênô*": "in place of his eye/as compensation for his eye"
}
}
27 {
"verseID": "Exodus.21.27",
"source": "וְאִם־שֵׁן עַבְדּוֹ אוֹ־שֵׁן אֲמָתוֹ יַפִּיל לַחָפְשִׁי יְשַׁלְּחֶנּוּ תַּחַת שִׁנּוֹ",
"text": "*wə-ʾim-shēn* *ʿabdô* *ʾô-shēn* *ʾamātô* *yappîl* *la-chophshî* *yəshallĕchennû* *tachat* *shinnô*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-ʾim*": "conjunction + conjunction - and if",
"*shēn*": "feminine construct noun - tooth of",
"*ʿabdô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his male servant",
"*ʾô*": "conjunction - or",
"*shēn*": "feminine construct noun - tooth of",
"*ʾamātô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his female servant",
"*yappîl*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he knocks out",
"*la-chophshî*": "preposition *lə* + masculine singular noun - to freedom",
"*yəshallĕchennû*": "piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - he shall let him go",
"*tachat*": "preposition - in place of",
"*shinnô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his tooth"
},
"variants": {
"*yappîl*": "knocks out/causes to fall/removes",
"*yəshallĕchennû la-chophshî*": "he shall let him go free/he shall release him as a free person",
"*tachat shinnô*": "in place of his tooth/as compensation for his tooth"
}
}
28 {
"verseID": "Exodus.21.28",
"source": "וְכִי־יִגַּח שׁוֹר אֶת־אִישׁ אוֹ אֶת־אִשָּׁה וָמֵת סָקוֹל יִסָּקֵל הַשּׁוֹר וְלֹא יֵאָכֵל אֶת־בְּשָׂרוֹ וּבַעַל הַשּׁוֹר נָקִי",
"text": "*wə-kî-yiggach* *shôr* *ʾet-ʾîsh* *ʾô* *ʾet-ʾishshāh* *wā-mēt* *sāqôl* *yissāqēl* the *shôr* *wə-lōʾ* *yēʾākēl* *ʾet-bəśārô* *û-baʿal* the *shôr* *nāqî*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-kî*": "conjunction + conjunction - and if",
"*yiggach*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it gores",
"*shôr*": "masculine singular noun - an ox",
"*ʾet-ʾîsh*": "direct object marker + masculine singular noun - a man",
"*ʾô*": "conjunction - or",
"*ʾet-ʾishshāh*": "direct object marker + feminine singular noun - a woman",
"*wā-mēt*": "conjunction *wə* + qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and dies",
"*sāqôl yissāqēl*": "infinitive absolute + niphal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - shall surely be stoned",
"*shôr*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the ox",
"*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction *wə* + negative particle - and not",
"*yēʾākēl*": "niphal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - shall be eaten",
"*ʾet-bəśārô*": "direct object marker + masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - its flesh",
"*û-baʿal*": "conjunction *wə* + masculine construct noun - but the owner of",
"*shôr*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the ox",
"*nāqî*": "adjective, masculine singular - innocent"
},
"variants": {
"*yiggach*": "gores/attacks with horns",
"*sāqôl yissāqēl*": "shall surely be stoned/must certainly be stoned to death",
"*yēʾākēl*": "shall be eaten/may be consumed",
"*nāqî*": "innocent/exempt from punishment/free from guilt"
}
}
29 {
"verseID": "Exodus.21.29",
"source": "וְאִם שׁוֹר נַגָּח הוּא מִתְּמֹל שִׁלְשֹׁם וְהוּעַד בִּבְעָלָיו וְלֹא יִשְׁמְרֶנּוּ וְהֵמִית אִישׁ אוֹ אִשָּׁה הַשּׁוֹר יִסָּקֵל וְגַם־בְּעָלָיו יוּמָת",
"text": "*wə-ʾim* *shôr* *naggāch* *hûʾ* *mittəmōl* *shilshōm* *wə-hûʿad* *bi-bəʿālāyw* *wə-lōʾ* *yishmərennû* *wə-hēmît* *ʾîsh* *ʾô* *ʾishshāh* the *shôr* *yissāqēl* *wə-gam-bəʿālāyw* *yûmāt*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-ʾim*": "conjunction + conjunction - but if",
"*shôr*": "masculine singular noun - an ox",
"*naggāch*": "piel participle, masculine singular - prone to goring",
"*hûʾ*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun - it",
"*mittəmōl*": "preposition *min* + masculine singular noun - from yesterday",
"*shilshōm*": "masculine singular noun - day before yesterday",
"*wə-hûʿad*": "conjunction *wə* + hophal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and it was testified",
"*bi-bəʿālāyw*": "preposition *bə* + masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to its owner",
"*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction *wə* + negative particle - and not",
"*yishmərennû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - he keeps it in",
"*wə-hēmît*": "conjunction *wə* + hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and it kills",
"*ʾîsh*": "masculine singular noun - a man",
"*ʾô*": "conjunction - or",
"*ʾishshāh*": "feminine singular noun - a woman",
"*shôr*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the ox",
"*yissāqēl*": "niphal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - shall be stoned",
"*wə-gam*": "conjunction *wə* + adverb - and also",
"*bəʿālāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - its owner",
"*yûmāt*": "hophal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - shall be put to death"
},
"variants": {
"*naggāch*": "prone to goring/habitually gores",
"*mittəmōl shilshōm*": "from yesterday and the day before/previously/for some time",
"*hûʿad*": "it was testified/its owner was warned",
"*yishmərennû*": "keeps it in/restrains it/guards it",
"*hēmît*": "kills/causes to die",
"*yûmāt*": "shall be put to death/shall be executed"
}
}
30 {
"verseID": "Exodus.21.30",
"source": "אִם־כֹּפֶר יוּשַׁת עָלָיו וְנָתַן פִּדְיֹן נַפְשׁוֹ כְּכֹל אֲשֶׁר־יוּשַׁת עָלָיו",
"text": "*ʾim-kōpher* *yûshat* *ʿālāyw* *wə-nātan* *pidyōn* *naphshô* *kə-kōl* *ʾasher-yûshat* *ʿālāyw*",
"grammar": {
"*ʾim*": "conjunction - if",
"*kōpher*": "masculine singular noun - ransom",
"*yûshat*": "hophal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - is laid",
"*ʿālāyw*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - upon him",
"*wə-nātan*": "conjunction *wə* + qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - then he shall give",
"*pidyōn*": "masculine singular construct noun - redemption of",
"*naphshô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his life",
"*kə-kōl*": "preposition *kə* + masculine singular noun - according to all",
"*ʾasher*": "relative pronoun - that",
"*yûshat*": "hophal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - is laid",
"*ʿālāyw*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - upon him"
},
"variants": {
"*kōpher*": "ransom/atonement payment/redemption price",
"*yûshat*": "is laid/is imposed/is set",
"*pidyōn naphshô*": "redemption of his life/ransom for his soul"
}
}