Genesis 20:13

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Genesis.20.13", "source": "וַיְהִ֞י כַּאֲשֶׁ֧ר הִתְע֣וּ אֹתִ֗י אֱלֹהִים֮ מִבֵּ֣ית אָבִי֒ וָאֹמַ֣ר לָ֔הּ זֶ֣ה חַסְדֵּ֔ךְ אֲשֶׁ֥ר תַּעֲשִׂ֖י עִמָּדִ֑י אֶ֤ל כָּל־הַמָּקוֹם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר נָב֣וֹא שָׁ֔מָּה אִמְרִי־לִ֖י אָחִ֥י הֽוּא׃", "text": "*wə-yhî* when *hiṯ'û* me *'ĕlōhîm* from-house-father-my *wā-'ōmar* to-her this *ḥasdēḵ* that *ta'ăśî* with-me to all-*ha-māqôm* that *nāḇô'* there say-to-me brother-my he", "grammar": { "*wə-yhî*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and it happened", "*ka'ăšer*": "conjunction - when/as", "*hiṯ'û*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd common plural - they caused to wander", "*'ōṯî*": "direct object marker + 1st common singular suffix - me", "*'ĕlōhîm*": "common noun, masculine plural - God", "*mi-bêṯ*": "preposition + common noun, masculine singular construct - from house of", "*'āḇî*": "common noun, masculine singular construct + 1st common singular suffix - my father", "*wā-'ōmar*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 1st common singular - and I said", "*lāh*": "preposition + 3rd feminine singular suffix - to her", "*zeh*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this", "*ḥasdēḵ*": "common noun, masculine singular construct + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your kindness/loyalty", "*'ăšer*": "relative particle - that/which", "*ta'ăśî*": "Qal imperfect 2nd feminine singular - you will do", "*'immāḏî*": "preposition + 1st common singular suffix - with me", "*'el*": "preposition - to", "*kol*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all of", "*ha-māqôm*": "definite article + common noun, masculine singular - the place", "*'ăšer*": "relative particle - that/which", "*nāḇô'*": "Qal imperfect 1st common plural - we will come", "*šāmmāh*": "adverb - there", "*'imrî*": "Qal imperative feminine singular - say", "*lî*": "preposition + 1st common singular suffix - to me/concerning me", "*'āḥî*": "common noun, masculine singular construct + 1st common singular suffix - my brother", "*hû'*": "3rd masculine singular personal pronoun - he" }, "variants": { "*hiṯ'û*": "cause to wander/lead astray/scatter", "*'ĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings (with plural verb here but singular concept)", "*ḥasdēḵ*": "your kindness/your loyalty/your steadfast love", "*ta'ăśî*": "do/make/perform", "*māqôm*": "place/location/space", "*nāḇô'*": "come/enter/go" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיְהִ֞י כַּאֲשֶׁ֧ר הִתְע֣וּ אֹתִ֗י אֱלֹהִים֮ מִבֵּ֣ית אָבִי֒ וָאֹמַ֣ר לָ֔הּ זֶ֣ה חַסְדֵּ֔ךְ אֲשֶׁ֥ר תַּעֲשִׂ֖י עִמָּדִ֑י אֶ֤ל כָּל־הַמָּקוֹם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר נָב֣וֹא שָׁ֔מָּה אִמְרִי־לִ֖י אָחִ֥י הֽוּא׃

Transliteration

wə-yhî when hiṯ'û me 'ĕlōhîm from-house-father-my wā-'ōmar to-her this ḥasdēḵ that ta'ăśî with-me to all-ha-māqôm that nāḇô' there say-to-me brother-my he

Grammar Details

• *wə-yhî*: waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and it happened
• *ka'ăšer*: conjunction - when/as
• *hiṯ'û*: Hiphil perfect 3rd common plural - they caused to wander
• *'ōṯî*: direct object marker + 1st common singular suffix - me
• *'ĕlōhîm*: common noun, masculine plural - God
• *mi-bêṯ*: preposition + common noun, masculine singular construct - from house of
• *'āḇî*: common noun, masculine singular construct + 1st common singular suffix - my father
• *wā-'ōmar*: waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 1st common singular - and I said
• *lāh*: preposition + 3rd feminine singular suffix - to her
• *zeh*: demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this
• *ḥasdēḵ*: common noun, masculine singular construct + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your kindness/loyalty
• *'ăšer*: relative particle - that/which
• *ta'ăśî*: Qal imperfect 2nd feminine singular - you will do
• *'immāḏî*: preposition + 1st common singular suffix - with me
• *'el*: preposition - to
• *kol*: noun, masculine singular construct - all of
• *ha-māqôm*: definite article + common noun, masculine singular - the place
• *nāḇô'*: Qal imperfect 1st common plural - we will come
• *šāmmāh*: adverb - there
• *'imrî*: Qal imperative feminine singular - say
• *lî*: preposition + 1st common singular suffix - to me/concerning me
• *'āḥî*: common noun, masculine singular construct + 1st common singular suffix - my brother
• *hû'*: 3rd masculine singular personal pronoun - he

Word Meanings

• *hiṯ'û*: cause to wander/lead astray/scatter
• *'ĕlōhîm*: God/gods/divine beings (with plural verb here but singular concept)
• *ḥasdēḵ*: your kindness/your loyalty/your steadfast love
• *ta'ăśî*: do/make/perform
• *māqôm*: place/location/space
• *nāḇô'*: come/enter/go

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  And when God caused me to wander from my father’s household, I said to her, “This is the kindness you can show to me: Everywhere we go, say about me, ‘He is my brother.’”

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And it came to pass, when God caused me to wander from my father's house, that I said unto her, This is thy kindness which thou shalt shew unto me; at every place whither we shall come, say of me, He is my brother.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  And it came to pass, when God caused me to wander from my father's house, that I said to her, This is your kindness which you shall show unto me; at every place where we shall come, say of me, He is my brother.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And it came to pass, when God caused me to wander from my father's house, that I said unto her, This is thy kindness which thou shalt shew unto me; at every place whither we shall come, say of me, He is my brother.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  and it came to pass, when God caused me to wander from my father's house, that I said unto her, This is thy kindness which thou shalt show unto me: at every place whither we shall come, say of me, He is my brother.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And it came to pass, when God caused me to wander from my father's house, that I said unto her, This is thy kindness which thou shalt shew unto me; at every place whither we shall come, say of me, He is my brother.

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  And after God caused me to wandre out of my fathers house I sayde vnto her: This kyndnesse shalt thou shewe vnto me in all places where we come that thou saye of me how that I am thy brother.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  So whan God charged me to wadre out of my fathers house, I sayde vnto her: Shew this kyndnes vpon me, that, where so euer we come, thou saye of me, that I am thy brother.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Nowe when God caused me to wander out of my fathers house, I said then to her, This is thy kindnes that thou shalt shewe vnto me in all places where we come, Say thou of me, He is my brother.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And after God caused me to wander out of my fathers house, I sayde vnto her: this kyndnesse shalt thou shewe vnto me, in all places where we come, that thou say of me, he is my brother.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  And it came to pass, when God caused me to wander from my father's house, that I said unto her, This [is] thy kindness which thou shalt shew unto me; at every place whither we shall come, say of me, He [is] my brother.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  It happened, when God caused me to wander from my father's house, that I said to her, 'This is your kindness which you shall show to me. Everywhere that we go, say of me, "He is my brother."'"

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  and it cometh to pass, when God hath caused me to wander from my father's house, that I say to her, This `is' thy kindness which thou dost with me: at every place whither we come, say of me, He `is' my brother.'

• American Standard Version (1901)

  and it came to pass, when God caused me to wander from my father's house, that I said unto her, This is thy kindness which thou shalt show unto me. At every place whither we shall come, say of me, He is my brother.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  and it came to pass, when God caused me to wander from my father's house, that I said unto her, This is thy kindness which thou shalt show unto me: at every place whither we shall come, say of me, He is my brother.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And when God sent me wandering from my father's house, I said to her, Let this be the sign of your love for me; wherever we go, say of me, He is my brother.

• World English Bible (2000)

  It happened, when God caused me to wander from my father's house, that I said to her, 'This is your kindness which you shall show to me. Everywhere that we go, say of me, "He is my brother."'"

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  When God made me wander from my father’s house, I told her,‘This is what you can do to show your loyalty to me: Every place we go, say about me,“He is my brother.”’”

Referenced Verses

• Gen 12:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Genesis.12.1", "source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוָה֙ אֶל־אַבְרָ֔ם לֶךְ־לְךָ֛ מֵאַרְצְךָ֥ וּמִמּֽוֹלַדְתְּךָ֖ וּמִבֵּ֣ית אָבִ֑יךָ אֶל־הָאָ֖רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֥ר אַרְאֶֽךָּ׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* *YHWH* to-*ʾAbrām* *lek-lekā* from-*ʾarṣekā* and-from-*môladtekā* and-from-*bêt* *ʾābîkā* to-the-*ʾāreṣ* which *ʾarʾekkā*.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "conjunction + imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾAbrām*": "proper noun - Abram", "*lek-lekā*": "imperative 2nd person masculine singular + preposition with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - go for/to yourself", "*ʾarṣekā*": "noun feminine + 2nd person masculine singular possessive suffix - your land", "*môladtekā*": "noun feminine + 2nd person masculine singular possessive suffix - your birth/native land/kindred", "*bêt*": "construct state of noun masculine - house of", "*ʾābîkā*": "noun masculine + 2nd person masculine singular possessive suffix - your father", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun feminine - land/earth", "*ʾarʾekkā*": "imperfect 1st person singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - I will show you" }, "variants": { "*lek-lekā*": "go for yourself/go by yourself/go to yourself/go forth", "*môladtekā*": "your birthplace/your relatives/your kindred/your native country", "*ʾāreṣ*": "land/country/earth/ground/territory" } }
• Gen 12:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Genesis.12.9", "source": "וַיִּסַּ֣ע אַבְרָ֔ם הָל֥וֹךְ וְנָס֖וֹעַ הַנֶּֽגְבָּה׃ פ", "text": "And-*wayyissaʿ* *ʾAbrām* *hālôk* and-*wenāsôaʿ* the-*hannegbāh*.", "grammar": { "*wayyissaʿ*": "conjunction + imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he journeyed", "*ʾAbrām*": "proper noun - Abram", "*hālôk*": "infinitive absolute - going", "*wenāsôaʿ*": "conjunction + infinitive absolute - and journeying", "*hannegbāh*": "article + noun masculine + directional heh - to the Negev/southward" }, "variants": { "*hālôk* *wenāsôaʿ*": "going and journeying/continuously journeying/journeying by stages", "*hannegbāh*": "to the south/southward/to the Negev region" } }
• Gen 12:11-20 : 11 { "verseID": "Genesis.12.11", "source": "וַיְהִ֕י כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר הִקְרִ֖יב לָב֣וֹא מִצְרָ֑יְמָה וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ אֶל־שָׂרַ֣י אִשְׁתּ֔וֹ הִנֵּה־נָ֣א יָדַ֔עְתִּי כִּ֛י אִשָּׁ֥ה יְפַת־מַרְאֶ֖ה אָֽתְּ׃", "text": "And-*wayehî* as-*kaʾăšer* *hiqrîb* to-*lābôʾ* *Miṣrāyemāh* and-*wayyōʾmer* to-*Śāray* *ʾištô* behold-*hinnēh*-*nāʾ* *yādaʿtî* that-*kî* *ʾiššāh* *yefat*-*marʾeh* *ʾāt*.", "grammar": { "*wayehî*": "conjunction + imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and it came to pass", "*kaʾăšer*": "preposition + relative pronoun - when/as", "*hiqrîb*": "perfect 3rd person masculine singular hiphil - he drew near", "*lābôʾ*": "preposition + infinitive construct - to enter", "*Miṣrāyemāh*": "proper noun + directional heh - to Egypt", "*wayyōʾmer*": "conjunction + imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*Śāray*": "proper noun - Sarai", "*ʾištô*": "noun feminine + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his wife", "*hinnēh*": "interjection - behold", "*nāʾ*": "particle of entreaty - please", "*yādaʿtî*": "perfect 1st person singular - I know", "*kî*": "conjunction - that", "*ʾiššāh*": "noun feminine singular - woman", "*yefat*": "construct adjective feminine singular - beautiful of", "*marʾeh*": "noun masculine singular - appearance", "*ʾāt*": "independent pronoun 2nd person feminine singular - you" }, "variants": { "*hinnēh*-*nāʾ*": "behold now/please note/look", "*yefat*-*marʾeh*": "beautiful of appearance/fair to look upon/beautiful in form" } } 12 { "verseID": "Genesis.12.12", "source": "וְהָיָ֗ה כִּֽי־יִרְא֤וּ אֹתָךְ֙ הַמִּצְרִ֔ים וְאָמְר֖וּ אִשְׁתּ֣וֹ זֹ֑את וְהָרְג֥וּ אֹתִ֖י וְאֹתָ֥ךְ יְחַיּֽוּ׃", "text": "And-*wehāyāh* when-*kî*-*yirʾû* *ʾōtāk* the-*hammiṣrîm* and-*weʾāmerû* *ʾištô* *zōʾt* and-*wehāregû* *ʾōtî* and-*weʾōtāk* *yeḥayyû*.", "grammar": { "*wehāyāh*": "conjunction + perfect 3rd person masculine singular - and it will be", "*kî*": "conjunction - when/if", "*yirʾû*": "imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they will see", "*ʾōtāk*": "direct object marker + 2nd person feminine singular suffix - you", "*hammiṣrîm*": "article + gentilic plural - the Egyptians", "*weʾāmerû*": "conjunction + perfect 3rd person plural - and they will say", "*ʾištô*": "noun feminine + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his wife", "*zōʾt*": "demonstrative feminine singular - this", "*wehāregû*": "conjunction + perfect 3rd person plural - and they will kill", "*ʾōtî*": "direct object marker + 1st person singular suffix - me", "*weʾōtāk*": "conjunction + direct object marker + 2nd person feminine singular suffix - and you", "*yeḥayyû*": "imperfect 3rd person masculine plural piel - they will keep alive" }, "variants": { "*yeḥayyû*": "they will keep alive/they will let live/they will spare" } } 13 { "verseID": "Genesis.12.13", "source": "אִמְרִי־נָ֖א אֲחֹ֣תִי אָ֑תְּ לְמַ֙עַן֙ יִֽיטַב־לִ֣י בַעֲבוּרֵ֔ךְ וְחָיְתָ֥ה נַפְשִׁ֖י בִּגְלָלֵֽךְ׃", "text": "*ʾimrî*-*nāʾ* *ʾăḥōtî* *ʾāt* in-order-that-*lemaʿan* *yîṭab*-to-me *baʿăbûrēk* and-*weḥāyetāh* *nafšî* *biglālēk*.", "grammar": { "*ʾimrî*": "imperative 2nd person feminine singular - say", "*nāʾ*": "particle of entreaty - please", "*ʾăḥōtî*": "noun feminine + 1st person singular suffix - my sister", "*ʾāt*": "independent pronoun 2nd person feminine singular - you", "*lemaʿan*": "conjunction - in order that", "*yîṭab*": "imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - it may be well", "*baʿăbûrēk*": "preposition + noun + 2nd person feminine singular suffix - on account of you", "*weḥāyetāh*": "conjunction + perfect 3rd person feminine singular - and will live", "*nafšî*": "noun feminine + 1st person singular suffix - my soul", "*biglālēk*": "preposition + noun + 2nd person feminine singular suffix - because of you" }, "variants": { "*baʿăbûrēk*": "for your sake/because of you/on your account", "*nafšî*": "my soul/my life/myself", "*biglālēk*": "because of you/for your sake/on your account" } } 14 { "verseID": "Genesis.12.14", "source": "וַיְהִ֕י כְּב֥וֹא אַבְרָ֖ם מִצְרָ֑יְמָה וַיִּרְא֤וּ הַמִּצְרִים֙ אֶת־הָ֣אִשָּׁ֔ה כִּֽי־יָפָ֥ה הִ֖וא מְאֹֽד׃", "text": "And-*wayehî* as-*kebôʾ* *ʾAbrām* *Miṣrāyemāh* and-*wayyirʾû* the-*hammiṣrîm* *ʾet*-the-*hāʾiššāh* that-*kî*-*yāfāh* *hîʾ* *meʾōd*.", "grammar": { "*wayehî*": "conjunction + imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and it came to pass", "*kebôʾ*": "preposition + infinitive construct - when entered", "*ʾAbrām*": "proper noun - Abram", "*Miṣrāyemāh*": "proper noun + directional heh - to Egypt", "*wayyirʾû*": "conjunction + imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they saw", "*hammiṣrîm*": "article + gentilic plural - the Egyptians", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*hāʾiššāh*": "article + noun feminine singular - the woman", "*kî*": "conjunction - that", "*yāfāh*": "adjective feminine singular - beautiful", "*hîʾ*": "independent pronoun 3rd person feminine singular - she", "*meʾōd*": "adverb - very" }, "variants": { "*yāfāh*": "beautiful/fair/pretty" } } 15 { "verseID": "Genesis.12.15", "source": "וַיִּרְא֤וּ אֹתָהּ֙ שָׂרֵ֣י פַרְעֹ֔ה וַיְהַֽלְל֥וּ אֹתָ֖הּ אֶל־פַּרְעֹ֑ה וַתֻּקַּ֥ח הָאִשָּׁ֖ה בֵּ֥ית פַּרְעֹֽה׃", "text": "And-*wayyirʾû* *ʾōtāh* *śārê* *Parʿōh* and-*wayehaleûl* *ʾōtāh* to-*Parʿōh* and-*wattuqqaḥ* the-*hāʾiššāh* *bêt* *Parʿōh*.", "grammar": { "*wayyirʾû*": "conjunction + imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they saw", "*ʾōtāh*": "direct object marker + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her", "*śārê*": "noun masculine plural construct - princes/officials of", "*Parʿōh*": "proper noun - Pharaoh", "*wayehaleûl*": "conjunction + imperfect 3rd person masculine plural piel - and they praised", "*wattuqqaḥ*": "conjunction + imperfect 3rd person feminine singular passive - and she was taken", "*hāʾiššāh*": "article + noun feminine singular - the woman", "*bêt*": "noun masculine construct - house of" }, "variants": { "*śārê*": "princes/officials/ministers", "*wayehaleûl*": "they praised/they commended/they extolled", "*bêt*": "house/household/palace" } } 16 { "verseID": "Genesis.12.16", "source": "וּלְאַבְרָ֥ם הֵיטִ֖יב בַּעֲבוּרָ֑הּ וֽ͏ַיְהִי־ל֤וֹ צֹאן־וּבָקָר֙ וַחֲמֹרִ֔ים וַעֲבָדִים֙ וּשְׁפָחֹ֔ת וַאֲתֹנֹ֖ת וּגְמַלִּֽים׃", "text": "And-to-*ûleʾAbrām* *hêṭîb* *baʿăbûrāh* and-*wayehî*-to-him *ṣōʾn*-and-*ûbāqār* and-*waḥămōrîm* and-*waʿăbādîm* and-*ûšefāḥōt* and-*waʾătōnōt* and-*ûgemalîm*.", "grammar": { "*ûleʾAbrām*": "conjunction + preposition + proper noun - and to Abram", "*hêṭîb*": "perfect 3rd person masculine singular hiphil - he treated well", "*baʿăbûrāh*": "preposition + noun + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - for her sake", "*wayehî*": "conjunction + imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he had", "*ṣōʾn*": "noun both - sheep/flock", "*ûbāqār*": "conjunction + noun masculine - and cattle", "*waḥămōrîm*": "conjunction + noun masculine plural - and male donkeys", "*waʿăbādîm*": "conjunction + noun masculine plural - and male servants", "*ûšefāḥōt*": "conjunction + noun feminine plural - and female servants", "*waʾătōnōt*": "conjunction + noun feminine plural - and female donkeys", "*ûgemalîm*": "conjunction + noun masculine plural - and camels" }, "variants": { "*hêṭîb*": "he treated well/he dealt well with/he was good to", "*baʿăbûrāh*": "for her sake/because of her/on her account", "*ṣōʾn*": "sheep/flock/small livestock", "*bāqār*": "cattle/herd/oxen" } } 17 { "verseID": "Genesis.12.17", "source": "וַיְנַגַּ֨ע יְהוָ֧ה ׀ אֶת־פַּרְעֹ֛ה נְגָעִ֥ים גְּדֹלִ֖ים וְאֶת־בֵּית֑וֹ עַל־דְּבַ֥ר שָׂרַ֖י אֵ֥שֶׁת אַבְרָֽם׃", "text": "And-*waynaggaʿ* *YHWH* *ʾet*-*Parʿōh* *negāʿîm* *gedōlîm* and-*ʾet*-*bêtô* concerning-*ʿal*-*debar* *Śāray* *ʾēšet* *ʾAbrām*.", "grammar": { "*waynaggaʿ*": "conjunction + imperfect 3rd person masculine singular piel - and he plagued", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*Parʿōh*": "proper noun - Pharaoh", "*negāʿîm*": "noun masculine plural - plagues", "*gedōlîm*": "adjective masculine plural - great", "*bêtô*": "noun masculine + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his house", "*ʿal*": "preposition - concerning/because of", "*debar*": "noun masculine singular construct - matter of", "*Śāray*": "proper noun - Sarai", "*ʾēšet*": "noun feminine construct - wife of", "*ʾAbrām*": "proper noun - Abram" }, "variants": { "*negāʿîm*": "plagues/afflictions/diseases", "*debar*": "matter/word/case" } } 18 { "verseID": "Genesis.12.18", "source": "וַיִּקְרָ֤א פַרְעֹה֙ לְאַבְרָ֔ם וַיֹּ֕אמֶר מַה־זֹּ֖את עָשִׂ֣יתָ לִּ֑י לָ֚מָּה לֹא־הִגַּ֣דְתָּ לִּ֔י כִּ֥י אִשְׁתְּךָ֖ הִֽוא׃", "text": "And-*wayyiqrāʾ* *Parʿōh* to-*leʾAbrām* and-*wayyōʾmer* what-*mah*-*zōʾt* *ʿāśîtā* to-me *lāmmāh* not-*lōʾ*-*higgadtā* to-me that-*kî* *ʾištekā* *hîʾ*.", "grammar": { "*wayyiqrāʾ*": "conjunction + imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he called", "*Parʿōh*": "proper noun - Pharaoh", "*leʾAbrām*": "preposition + proper noun - to Abram", "*wayyōʾmer*": "conjunction + imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*mah*": "interrogative - what", "*zōʾt*": "demonstrative feminine singular - this", "*ʿāśîtā*": "perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you have done", "*lāmmāh*": "interrogative + preposition - why", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*higgadtā*": "perfect 2nd person masculine singular hiphil - you told", "*kî*": "conjunction - that", "*ʾištekā*": "noun feminine + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your wife", "*hîʾ*": "independent pronoun 3rd person feminine singular - she" }, "variants": { "*lāmmāh*": "why/for what reason/how" } } 19 { "verseID": "Genesis.12.19", "source": "לָמָ֤ה אָמַ֙רְתָּ֙ אֲחֹ֣תִי הִ֔וא וָאֶקַּ֥ח אֹתָ֛הּ לִ֖י לְאִשָּׁ֑ה וְעַתָּ֕ה הִנֵּ֥ה אִשְׁתְּךָ֖ קַ֥ח וָלֵֽךְ׃", "text": "Why *lāmāh* *ʾāmartā* *ʾăḥōtî* *hîʾ* and-*wāʾeqqaḥ* *ʾōtāh* to-me *lî* to-*leʾiššāh* and-now *weʿattāh* behold *hinnēh* *ʾištekā* *qaḥ* and-*wālēk*.", "grammar": { "*lāmāh*": "interrogative + preposition - why", "*ʾāmartā*": "perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you said", "*ʾăḥōtî*": "noun feminine + 1st person singular suffix - my sister", "*hîʾ*": "independent pronoun 3rd person feminine singular - she", "*wāʾeqqaḥ*": "conjunction + imperfect 1st person singular - and I took", "*ʾōtāh*": "direct object marker + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her", "*lî*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - to me", "*leʾiššāh*": "preposition + noun feminine singular - for a wife", "*weʿattāh*": "conjunction + adverb - and now", "*hinnēh*": "interjection - behold", "*ʾištekā*": "noun feminine + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your wife", "*qaḥ*": "imperative masculine singular - take", "*wālēk*": "conjunction + imperative masculine singular - and go" }, "variants": { "*lāmāh*": "why/for what reason/how" } } 20 { "verseID": "Genesis.12.20", "source": "וַיְצַ֥ו עָלָ֛יו פַּרְעֹ֖ה אֲנָשִׁ֑ים וֽ͏ַיְשַׁלְּח֥וּ אֹת֛וֹ וְאֶת־אִשְׁתּ֖וֹ וְאֶת־כָּל־אֲשֶׁר־לֽוֹ׃", "text": "And-*wayṣaw* concerning-him *Parʿōh* *ʾănāšîm* and-*wayešalleḥû* *ʾōtô* and-*weʾet*-*ʾištô* and-*weʾet*-all-*ʾăšer*-to-him.", "grammar": { "*wayṣaw*": "conjunction + imperfect 3rd person masculine singular piel - and he commanded", "*Parʿōh*": "proper noun - Pharaoh", "*ʾănāšîm*": "noun masculine plural - men", "*wayešalleḥû*": "conjunction + imperfect 3rd person masculine plural piel - and they sent away", "*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - him", "*ʾištô*": "noun feminine + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his wife", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*lô*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to him" }, "variants": { "*wayṣaw*": "he commanded/he charged/he instructed", "*wayešalleḥû*": "they sent away/they escorted/they dismissed" } }
• 1 Sam 23:21 : 21 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.23.21", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר שָׁא֔וּל בְּרוּכִ֥ים אַתֶּ֖ם לַֽיהוָ֑ה כִּ֥י חֲמַלְתֶּ֖ם עָלָֽי", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* *Šāʾûl*: *Bᵊrûkîm* you to *YHWH*, *kî* you *ḥămaltem* on me", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*Šāʾûl*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Saul", "*Bᵊrûkîm*": "Qal passive participle, masculine plural - blessed", "*ʾattem*": "independent personal pronoun, 2nd masculine plural - you", "*laYHWH*": "preposition + divine name - to/by YHWH", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ḥămaltem*": "Qal perfect, 2nd masculine plural - you have had compassion", "*ʿālāy*": "preposition + 1st common singular suffix - on me" }, "variants": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "and he said/and he spoke/and he declared", "*Bᵊrûkîm*": "blessed/favored", "*ḥămaltem*": "you have had compassion/you have shown pity/you have been concerned" } }
• Ps 64:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Psalms.64.5", "source": "לִיר֣וֹת בַּמִּסְתָּרִ֣ים תָּ֑ם פִּתְאֹ֥ם יֹ֝רֻ֗הוּ וְלֹ֣א יִירָֽאוּ׃", "text": "to-*yərôt* in-the-*mistārîm* *tām* *pitʾōm* *yōruhû* and-not *yîrāʾû*", "grammar": { "*yərôt*": "infinitive construct verb with prefixed preposition lamed (to) - to shoot", "*mistārîm*": "masculine plural noun with prefixed preposition bet (in) - hiding places", "*tām*": "masculine singular adjective/noun - blameless/perfect one", "*pitʾōm*": "adverb - suddenly", "*yōruhû*": "imperfect verb, 3rd person plural with 3rd person masculine singular object suffix - they will shoot him", "*yîrāʾû*": "imperfect verb, 3rd person plural with negative particle - they will not fear" }, "variants": { "*tām*": "blameless one/perfect one/innocent", "*yōruhû*": "shoot him/strike him", "*yîrāʾû*": "fear/be afraid" } }
• Acts 5:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Acts.5.9", "source": "Ὁ δὲ Πέτρος εἰπεν πρὸς αὐτήν, Τί ὅτι συνεφωνήθη ὑμῖν πειράσαι τὸ Πνεῦμα Κυρίου; ἰδού, οἱ πόδες τῶν θαψάντων τὸν ἄνδρα σου ἐπὶ τῇ θύρᾳ, καὶ ἐξοίσουσίν σε.", "text": "The *de* *Petros* *eipen* *pros* her, What that *synephōnēthē* to you to *peirasai* the *Pneuma* of *Kyriou*? *idou*, the *podes* of the ones *thapsantōn* the *andra* of you *epi* the *thyra*, and *exoisousin* you.", "grammar": { "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and", "*Petros*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Peter", "*eipen*": "aorist, active, indicative, 3rd singular - said", "*pros*": "preposition + accusative - to/toward", "*synephōnēthē*": "aorist, passive, indicative, 3rd singular - was agreed", "*peirasai*": "aorist, active, infinitive - to test/tempt", "*Pneuma*": "accusative, neuter, singular - Spirit", "*Kyriou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of the Lord", "*idou*": "aorist, middle, imperative - behold/look", "*podes*": "nominative, masculine, plural - feet", "*thapsantōn*": "aorist, active, participle, genitive, masculine, plural - of those who buried", "*andra*": "accusative, masculine, singular - husband/man", "*epi*": "preposition + dative - at/on", "*thyra*": "dative, feminine, singular - door", "*exoisousin*": "future, active, indicative, 3rd plural - they will carry out" }, "variants": { "*synephōnēthē*": "was agreed/was conspired/was arranged together", "*peirasai*": "to test/to tempt/to try", "*Pneuma*": "Spirit/breath/wind", "*idou*": "behold/look/see", "*thyra*": "door/entrance/gate" } }
• Acts 7:3-5 : 3 { "verseID": "Acts.7.3", "source": "Καὶ εἶπεν πρὸς αὐτόν, Ἔξελθε ἐκ τῆς γῆς σου, καὶ ἐκ τῆς συγγενείας σου, καὶ δεῦρο εἰς γῆν ἣν ἄν σοι δείξω.", "text": "And *eipen pros auton, Exelthe ek tēs gēs sou, kai ek tēs syngeneias sou, kai deuro eis gēn hēn an soi deixō*.", "grammar": { "*eipen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - said", "*pros auton*": "preposition + accusative masculine singular pronoun - to him", "*Exelthe*": "aorist active imperative, 2nd person singular - go out/depart", "*ek*": "preposition - from/out of", "*tēs gēs*": "genitive feminine singular - the land", "*sou*": "genitive singular personal pronoun - of you/your", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*tēs syngeneias*": "genitive feminine singular - the kindred/relatives", "*deuro*": "adverb/imperative - come here/hither", "*eis*": "preposition - into/unto", "*gēn*": "accusative feminine singular - land", "*hēn*": "accusative feminine singular relative pronoun - which", "*an*": "conditional particle - would/might", "*soi*": "dative singular personal pronoun - to you", "*deixō*": "future active indicative, 1st person singular - I will show" }, "variants": { "*pros*": "to/toward/with", "*Exelthe*": "go out/depart/leave", "*gēs*": "land/earth/ground/territory", "*syngeneias*": "kindred/relatives/family", "*deuro*": "come/come here/come now", "*deixō*": "show/point out/demonstrate" } } 4 { "verseID": "Acts.7.4", "source": "Τότε ἐξελθὼν ἐκ γῆς Χαλδαίων, κατῴκησεν ἐν Χαρράν: κἀκεῖθεν, μετὰ τὸ ἀποθανεῖν τὸν πατέρα αὐτοῦ, μετῴκισεν αὐτὸν εἰς τὴν γῆν ταύτην, εἰς ἣν ὑμεῖς νῦν κατοικεῖτε.", "text": "*Tote exelthōn ek gēs Chaldaiōn, katōkēsen en Charran: kakeithen, meta to apothanein ton patera autou, metōkisen auton eis tēn gēn tautēn, eis hēn hymeis nyn katoikeite*.", "grammar": { "*Tote*": "adverb - then/at that time", "*exelthōn*": "aorist active participle, nominative masculine singular - having gone out", "*ek*": "preposition - from/out of", "*gēs Chaldaiōn*": "genitive feminine singular + genitive plural - land of Chaldeans", "*katōkēsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he settled/dwelt", "*en Charran*": "preposition + dative - in Haran", "*kakeithen*": "crasis of *kai* + *ekeithen* - and from there", "*meta*": "preposition - after", "*to apothanein*": "articular infinitive - the dying", "*ton patera autou*": "accusative masculine singular + genitive - his father", "*metōkisen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - removed/resettled", "*auton*": "accusative masculine singular pronoun - him", "*eis*": "preposition - into/unto", "*tēn gēn tautēn*": "accusative feminine singular + demonstrative - this land", "*eis hēn*": "into which", "*hymeis*": "nominative plural personal pronoun - you", "*nyn*": "adverb - now", "*katoikeite*": "present active indicative, 2nd person plural - you are dwelling" }, "variants": { "*exelthōn*": "having gone out/departed/left", "*katōkēsen*": "settled/dwelt/lived", "*kakeithen*": "and from there/and then", "*meta to apothanein*": "after the dying/after the death", "*metōkisen*": "removed/resettled/transferred/relocated", "*katoikeite*": "dwell/inhabit/live" } } 5 { "verseID": "Acts.7.5", "source": "Καὶ οὐκ ἔδωκεν αὐτῷ κληρονομίαν ἐν αὐτῇ, οὐδὲ, βῆμα ποδός: καὶ ἐπηγγείλατο δοῦναι αὐτῷ εἰς κατάσχεσιν αὐτήν, καὶ τῷ σπέρματι αὐτοῦ μετʼ αὐτόν, οὐκ ὄντος αὐτῷ τέκνου.", "text": "And *ouk edōken autō klēronomian en autē, oude, bēma podos*: and *epēngeilato dounai autō eis kataschesin autēn, kai tō spermati autou met' auton, ouk ontos autō teknou*.", "grammar": { "*ouk*": "negative particle - not", "*edōken*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he gave", "*autō*": "dative masculine singular pronoun - to him", "*klēronomian*": "accusative feminine singular - inheritance", "*en autē*": "preposition + dative feminine singular pronoun - in it", "*oude*": "negative conjunction - not even", "*bēma podos*": "accusative neuter singular + genitive masculine singular - step of foot", "*epēngeilato*": "aorist middle indicative, 3rd person singular - he promised", "*dounai*": "aorist active infinitive - to give", "*eis kataschesin*": "preposition + accusative feminine singular - for a possession", "*autēn*": "accusative feminine singular pronoun - it", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*tō spermati*": "dative neuter singular - to the seed/offspring", "*autou*": "genitive masculine singular pronoun - of him/his", "*met' auton*": "preposition + accusative masculine singular pronoun - after him", "*ouk ontos*": "negative particle + present active participle, genitive neuter singular - not being", "*autō*": "dative masculine singular pronoun - to him", "*teknou*": "genitive neuter singular - of a child" }, "variants": { "*klēronomian*": "inheritance/possession/property", "*bēma podos*": "footstep/foot's breadth/place to set foot", "*epēngeilato*": "promised/pledged/guaranteed", "*kataschesin*": "possession/holding/occupancy", "*spermati*": "seed/offspring/descendants", "*teknou*": "child/offspring/descendant" } }
• Heb 11:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Hebrews.11.8", "source": "Πίστει καλούμενος Ἀβραὰμ ὑπήκουσεν ἐξελθεῖν εἰς τὸν τόπον ὃν ἤμελλεν λαμβάνειν εἰς κληρονομίαν· καὶ ἐξῆλθεν, μὴ ἐπιστάμενος ποῦ ἔρχεται.", "text": "By *pistei* being *kaloumenos* *Abraam* *hypēkousen* to *exelthein* into the *topon* which he *ēmellen* *lambanein* for *klēronomian*; and he *exēlthen*, *mē* *epistamenos* where he *erchetai*.", "grammar": { "*pistei*": "dative, feminine, singular - by faith", "*kaloumenos*": "present passive participle, nominative, masculine, singular - being called", "*hypēkousen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - obeyed/hearkened", "*exelthein*": "aorist active infinitive - to go out", "*topon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - place", "*ēmellen*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular - was about/going to", "*lambanein*": "present active infinitive - to receive", "*klēronomian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - inheritance", "*exēlthen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - went out/departed", "*mē*": "negative particle - not", "*epistamenos*": "present middle participle, nominative, masculine, singular - knowing", "*erchetai*": "present middle indicative, 3rd singular - he comes/goes" }, "variants": { "*kaloumenos*": "being called/summoned/invited", "*hypēkousen*": "obeyed/hearkened/submitted", "*exelthein*": "to go out/depart/leave", "*topon*": "place/location/region", "*ēmellen*": "was about/going to/intended", "*lambanein*": "to receive/obtain/take", "*klēronomian*": "inheritance/possession/property", "*exēlthen*": "went out/departed/left", "*epistamenos*": "knowing/understanding/being aware", "*erchetai*": "comes/goes/travels" } }