Genesis 39:4

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Genesis.39.4", "source": "וַיִּמְצָ֨א יוֹסֵ֥ף חֵ֛ן בְּעֵינָ֖יו וַיְשָׁ֣רֶת אֹת֑וֹ וַיַּפְקִדֵ֙הוּ֙ עַל־בֵּית֔וֹ וְכָל־יֶשׁ־ל֖וֹ נָתַ֥ן בְּיָדֽוֹ׃", "text": "And *wayyimṣāʾ* *Yôsēp̄* *ḥēn* in *ʿênāyw* and *wayĕšāret* *ʾōtô* and *wayyap̄qiḏēhû* over-*bêtô* and all-that *yeš*-to him *nātan* in *yāḏô*.", "grammar": { "*wayyimṣāʾ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he found", "*Yôsēp̄*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Joseph", "*ḥēn*": "noun, masculine singular - favor/grace", "*ʿênāyw*": "noun, feminine dual construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his eyes", "*wayĕšāret*": "waw consecutive + piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he served/ministered to", "*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker with 3rd masculine singular suffix - him", "*wayyap̄qiḏēhû*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular object suffix - and he appointed him/put him in charge", "*bêtô*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his house", "*yeš*": "existential particle - there is/exists", "*nātan*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he gave/placed", "*yāḏô*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his hand" }, "variants": { "*ḥēn*": "favor/grace/approval", "*wayĕšāret*": "served/ministered to/attended", "*wayyap̄qiḏēhû*": "appointed him/put him in charge/made him overseer" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיִּמְצָ֨א יוֹסֵ֥ף חֵ֛ן בְּעֵינָ֖יו וַיְשָׁ֣רֶת אֹת֑וֹ וַיַּפְקִדֵ֙הוּ֙ עַל־בֵּית֔וֹ וְכָל־יֶשׁ־ל֖וֹ נָתַ֥ן בְּיָדֽוֹ׃

Transliteration

And wayyimṣāʾ Yôsēp̄ ḥēn in ʿênāyw and wayĕšāret ʾōtô and wayyap̄qiḏēhû over-bêtô and all-that yeš-to him nātan in yāḏô.

Grammar Details

• *wayyimṣāʾ*: waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he found
• *Yôsēp̄*: proper noun, masculine singular - Joseph
• *ḥēn*: noun, masculine singular - favor/grace
• *ʿênāyw*: noun, feminine dual construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his eyes
• *wayĕšāret*: waw consecutive + piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he served/ministered to
• *ʾōtô*: direct object marker with 3rd masculine singular suffix - him
• *wayyap̄qiḏēhû*: waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular object suffix - and he appointed him/put him in charge
• *bêtô*: noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his house
• *yeš*: existential particle - there is/exists
• *nātan*: qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he gave/placed
• *yāḏô*: noun, feminine singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his hand

Word Meanings

• *ḥēn*: favor/grace/approval
• *wayĕšāret*: served/ministered to/attended
• *wayyap̄qiḏēhû*: appointed him/put him in charge/made him overseer

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  Joseph found favor in his master's eyes and became his personal servant. Potiphar put him in charge of his household and entrusted everything he owned to his care.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And Joseph found grace in his sight, and he served him: and he made him overseer over his house, and all that he had he put into his hand.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  And Joseph found favor in his sight, and he served him: and he made him overseer over his house, and all that he had he put into his care.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And Joseph found grace in his sight, and he served him: and he made him overseer over his house, and all that he had he put into his hand.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  And Joseph{H3130} found{H4672} favor{H2580} in his sight,{H5869} and he ministered{H8334} unto him: and he made him overseer{H6485} over his house,{H1004} and all that he had{H3426} he put{H5414} into his hand.{H3027}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And Joseph{H3130} found{H4672}{(H8799)} grace{H2580} in his sight{H5869}, and he served{H8334}{(H8762)} him: and he made him overseer{H6485}{(H8686)} over his house{H1004}, and all that he had{H3426} he put{H5414}{(H8804)} into his hand{H3027}.

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  Wherfore he founde grace in his masters syghte and serued him. And his master made him ruelar of his house and put all that he had in his hande.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  so yt he founde fauor in his masters sight, & was his seruaunt. He made him ruler of his house, and put all that he had, vnder his hande.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  So Ioseph founde fauour in his sight, and serued him: and he made him ruler of his house, and put all that he had in his hand.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And Ioseph founde grace in his maisters syght, and serued hym: And he made hym ouerseer of his house, & put all that he had in his hande.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  And Joseph found grace in his sight, and he served him: and he made him overseer over his house, and all [that] he had he put into his hand.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  Joseph found favor in his sight. He ministered to him, and he made him overseer over his house, and all that he had he put into his hand.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  and Joseph findeth grace in his eyes and serveth him, and he appointeth him over his house, and all that he hath he hath given into his hand.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And Joseph found favor in his sight, and he ministered unto him: and he made him overseer over his house, and all that he had he put into his hand.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And Joseph found favor in his sight, and he ministered unto him: and he made him overseer over his house, and all that he had he put into his hand.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And having a high opinion of Joseph as his servant, he made him the overseer of his house and gave him control over all he had.

• World English Bible (2000)

  Joseph found favor in his sight. He ministered to him, and he made him overseer over his house, and all that he had he put into his hand.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  So Joseph found favor in his sight and became his personal attendant. Potiphar appointed Joseph overseer of his household and put him in charge of everything he owned.

Referenced Verses

• Gen 19:19 : 19 { "verseID": "Genesis.19.19", "source": "הִנֵּה־נָ֠א מָצָ֨א עַבְדְּךָ֣ חֵן֮ בְּעֵינֶיךָ֒ וַתַּגְדֵּ֣ל חַסְדְּךָ֗ אֲשֶׁ֤ר עָשִׂ֙יתָ֙ עִמָּדִ֔י לְהַחֲי֖וֹת אֶת־נַפְשִׁ֑י וְאָנֹכִ֗י לֹ֤א אוּכַל֙ לְהִמָּלֵ֣ט הָהָ֔רָה פֶּן־תִּדְבָּקַ֥נִי הָרָעָ֖ה וָמַֽתִּי׃", "text": "*hinnêh*-*nāʾ* *māṣāʾ* *ʿabdəkā* *ḥēn* in-*ʿênêkā* wə-*tagdêl* *ḥasdəkā* which *ʿāśîtā* with-me to-*haḥăyôt* *ʾet*-*napšî* wə-*ʾānōkî* not *ʾûkal* to-*himālêṭ* to-the-*hārâ* lest-*tidbāqanî* the-*rāʿâ* wə-*mattî*", "grammar": { "*hinnêh*": "demonstrative particle - behold/look", "*nāʾ*": "particle of entreaty - please/I pray", "*māṣāʾ*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he found", "*ʿabdəkā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your servant", "*ḥēn*": "masculine singular noun - favor/grace", "*ʿênêkā*": "feminine dual noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your eyes", "*tagdêl*": "Hiphil imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you magnified/enlarged", "*ḥasdəkā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your lovingkindness/mercy", "*ʿāśîtā*": "Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you did/made", "*haḥăyôt*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - to keep alive/preserve", "*napšî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st singular suffix - my life/soul", "*ʾānōkî*": "1st person singular independent pronoun - I", "*ʾûkal*": "Qal imperfect 1st singular - I am able", "*himālêṭ*": "Niphal infinitive construct - to escape/flee", "*hārâ*": "masculine singular noun with directional suffix - to the mountain/hill country", "*tidbāqanî*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular with 1st singular suffix - it overtakes/clings to me", "*rāʿâ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the evil/disaster/calamity", "*mattî*": "Qal perfect 1st singular - I die" }, "variants": { "*ḥēn*": "favor/grace/charm", "*tagdêl*": "magnified/enlarged/made great", "*ḥasdəkā*": "lovingkindness/mercy/steadfast love/loyalty", "*haḥăyôt*": "keep alive/preserve/save", "*napšî*": "my life/my soul/myself", "*ʾûkal*": "am able/can/have power", "*tidbāqanî*": "overtakes me/clings to me/catches up with me", "*rāʿâ*": "evil/disaster/calamity/misfortune" } }
• Gen 24:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Genesis.24.2", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אַבְרָהָ֗ם אֶל־עַבְדּוֹ֙ זְקַ֣ן בֵּית֔וֹ הַמֹּשֵׁ֖ל בְּכָל־אֲשֶׁר־ל֑וֹ שִֽׂים־נָ֥א יָדְךָ֖ תַּ֥חַת יְרֵכִֽי׃", "text": "*wayyōʾmer* *ʾaḇrāhām* *ʾel-ʿaḇdô* *zəqan* *bêṯô* *hammōšēl* *bəḵāl-ʾăšer-lô* *śîm-nāʾ* *yāḏḵā* *taḥaṯ* *yərēḵî*", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*ʾaḇrāhām*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Abraham", "*ʾel-*": "preposition - to", "*ʿaḇdô*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his servant", "*zəqan*": "adjective construct - elder of", "*bêṯô*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his house", "*hammōšēl*": "definite article + Qal participle, masculine singular - the one ruling", "*bəḵāl-*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - over all", "*ʾăšer-lô*": "relative pronoun + preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - that was to him", "*śîm-nāʾ*": "Qal imperative, masculine singular + particle of entreaty - place please", "*yāḏḵā*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your hand", "*taḥaṯ*": "preposition - under", "*yərēḵî*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 1st singular suffix - my thigh" }, "variants": { "*zəqan* *bêṯô*": "eldest of his house/oldest servant of his household", "*hammōšēl* *bəḵāl-ʾăšer-lô*": "who ruled over all that he had/who managed everything he owned", "*taḥaṯ* *yərēḵî*": "under my thigh/beneath my loins (euphemism for oath-taking gesture)" } }
• Gen 18:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Genesis.18.3", "source": "וַיֹּאמַ֑ר אֲדֹנָ֗י אִם־נָ֨א מָצָ֤אתִי חֵן֙ בְּעֵינֶ֔יךָ אַל־נָ֥א תַעֲבֹ֖ר מֵעַ֥ל עַבְדֶּֽךָ׃", "text": "And-*wayyōʾmar* *ʾăḏōnāy* if-*nāʾ* *māṣāʾṯî* *ḥēn* in-*ʿênêḵā* not-*nāʾ* *ṯaʿăḇōr* from-upon *ʿaḇdeḵā*.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmar*": "qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - said", "*ʾăḏōnāy*": "noun with 1st person suffix (honorific plural) - my lord", "*nāʾ*": "particle of entreaty - please/now", "*māṣāʾṯî*": "qal perfect, 1st person singular - I have found", "*ḥēn*": "noun, masculine singular - favor/grace", "*ʿênêḵā*": "dual noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your eyes", "*ṯaʿăḇōr*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you will pass by", "*ʿaḇdeḵā*": "noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your servant" }, "variants": { "*ʾăḏōnāy*": "my lord/my lords (could be addressed to one person of high rank or multiple persons)", "*ḥēn*": "favor/grace/acceptance", "*ṯaʿăḇōr*": "pass by/go away/continue on" } }
• Gen 33:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Genesis.33.10", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יַעֲקֹ֗ב אַל־נָא֙ אִם־נָ֨א מָצָ֤אתִי חֵן֙ בְּעֵינֶ֔יךָ וְלָקַחְתָּ֥ מִנְחָתִ֖י מִיָּדִ֑י כִּ֣י עַל־כֵּ֞ן רָאִ֣יתִי פָנֶ֗יךָ כִּרְאֹ֛ת פְּנֵ֥י אֱלֹהִ֖ים וַתִּרְצֵֽנִי׃", "text": "*wə-yōʾmer* *yaʿăqōb* not-please if-please *māṣāʾtî* *ḥēn* in *ʿênêkā* and *lāqaḥtā* *minḥātî* from *yādî* because therefore *rāʾîtî* *pānêkā* like *kirʾōt* *pənê* *ʾĕlōhîm* *wə-tirṣēnî*", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*yaʿăqōb*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Jacob", "*māṣāʾtî*": "Qal perfect, 1st common singular - I have found", "*ḥēn*": "noun, masculine singular - favor/grace", "*ʿênêkā*": "noun, feminine dual construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your eyes", "*lāqaḥtā*": "Qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you have taken/received", "*minḥātî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st common singular suffix - my gift/present", "*yādî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st common singular suffix - my hand", "*rāʾîtî*": "Qal perfect, 1st common singular - I have seen", "*pānêkā*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your face", "*kirʾōt*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - like seeing", "*pənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - face of", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural (used as singular) - God", "*wə-tirṣēnî*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular with 1st common singular suffix - and you have accepted me" }, "variants": { "*māṣāʾtî*": "I have found/I find", "*ḥēn*": "favor/grace/acceptance", "*lāqaḥtā*": "you have taken/received/accepted", "*minḥātî*": "my gift/present/offering", "*rāʾîtî*": "I have seen/I see", "*pānêkā*": "your face/presence", "*kirʾōt*": "like seeing/as one sees", "*pənê*": "face of/presence of", "*tirṣēnî*": "you have accepted me/favored me/shown goodwill to me" } }
• Gen 39:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Genesis.39.8", "source": "וַיְמָאֵ֓ן ׀ וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ אֶל־אֵ֣שֶׁת אֲדֹנָ֔יו הֵ֣ן אֲדֹנִ֔י לֹא־יָדַ֥ע אִתִּ֖י מַה־בַּבָּ֑יִת וְכֹ֥ל אֲשֶׁר־יֶשׁ־ל֖וֹ נָתַ֥ן בְּיָדִֽי׃", "text": "And *wayĕmāʾēn* and *wayyōʾmer* to-*ʾēšet* *ʾăḏōnāyw*, *hēn* *ʾăḏōnî* not-*yāḏaʿ* *ʾittî* what-in the *babbāyit*; and all-that *yeš*-to him *nātan* in *yāḏî*.", "grammar": { "*wayĕmāʾēn*": "waw consecutive + piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he refused", "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*ʾēšet*": "noun, feminine singular construct - wife of", "*ʾăḏōnāyw*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his master/lord", "*hēn*": "demonstrative particle - behold/look", "*ʾăḏōnî*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st common singular suffix - my master/lord", "*yāḏaʿ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he knows", "*ʾittî*": "preposition with 1st common singular suffix - with me", "*babbāyit*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in the house", "*yeš*": "existential particle - there is/exists", "*nātan*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he gave/placed", "*yāḏî*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 1st common singular suffix - my hand" }, "variants": { "*wayĕmāʾēn*": "refused/declined/was unwilling", "*hēn*": "behold/look/indeed/certainly", "*yāḏaʿ*": "knows/is concerned with/pays attention to" } }
• Gen 39:21-22 : 21 { "verseID": "Genesis.39.21", "source": "וַיְהִ֤י יְהוָה֙ אֶת־יוֹסֵ֔ף וַיֵּ֥ט אֵלָ֖יו חָ֑סֶד וַיִּתֵּ֣ן חִנּ֔וֹ בְּעֵינֵ֖י שַׂ֥ר בֵּית־הַסֹּֽהַר׃", "text": "And *wayĕhî* *YHWH* *ʾet*-*Yôsēp̄* and *wayyēṭ* to him *ḥāseḏ* and *wayyittēn* his *ḥinnô* in *ʿênê* *śar* *bêt*-*hassōhar*.", "grammar": { "*wayĕhî*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular of היה - and he was", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - LORD", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*Yôsēp̄*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Joseph", "*wayyēṭ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he extended", "*ḥāseḏ*": "noun, masculine singular - lovingkindness/mercy", "*wayyittēn*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he gave", "*ḥinnô*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his favor", "*ʿênê*": "noun, feminine dual construct - eyes of", "*śar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - chief/captain of", "*bêt*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of", "*hassōhar*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the prison/round house" }, "variants": { "*ʾet*": "direct object marker [indicating relationship 'with' rather than direct object]", "*wayyēṭ* *ḥāseḏ*": "extended kindness/showed mercy/demonstrated loyalty", "*ḥinnô*": "his favor/his grace/his charm" } } 22 { "verseID": "Genesis.39.22", "source": "וַיִּתֵּ֞ן שַׂ֤ר בֵּית־הַסֹּ֙הַר֙ בְּיַד־יוֹסֵ֔ף אֵ֚ת כָּל־הָ֣אֲסִירִ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֖ר בְּבֵ֣ית הַסֹּ֑הַר וְאֵ֨ת כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֤ר עֹשִׂים֙ שָׁ֔ם ה֖וּא הָיָ֥ה עֹשֶֽׂה׃", "text": "And *wayyittēn* *śar* *bêt*-*hassōhar* in *yaḏ*-*Yôsēp̄* *ʾēt* all-the *hāʾăsîrîm* who in *bêt* the *hassōhar*; and *ʾēt* all-that they *ʿōśîm* there *hûʾ* *hāyâ* *ʿōśeh*.", "grammar": { "*wayyittēn*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he gave/put", "*śar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - chief/captain of", "*bêt*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of", "*hassōhar*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the prison/round house", "*yaḏ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - hand of", "*Yôsēp̄*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Joseph", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*hāʾăsîrîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the prisoners", "*bêt*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of", "*ʿōśîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - doing/making", "*hûʾ*": "independent personal pronoun, 3rd masculine singular - he", "*hāyâ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he was", "*ʿōśeh*": "qal participle, masculine singular - doing/making" }, "variants": { "*yaḏ*": "hand/authority/control", "*wayyittēn* *bĕyaḏ*": "put under authority of/entrusted to/placed in control of", "*hāʾăsîrîm*": "prisoners/captives/those bound", "*ʿōśîm*": "doing/performing/carrying out" } }
• Gen 41:40-41 : 40 { "verseID": "Genesis.41.40", "source": "אַתָּה֙ תִּהְיֶ֣ה עַל־בֵּיתִ֔י וְעַל־פִּ֖יךָ יִשַּׁ֣ק כָּל־עַמִּ֑י רַ֥ק הַכִּסֵּ֖א אֶגְדַּ֥ל מִמֶּֽךָּ׃", "text": "*ʾattāh tihyeh* over-*bêtî* and-over-*pîkā yiššaq* all-*ʿammî raq hakkissēʾ ʾegdal* from-you", "grammar": { "*ʾattāh*": "pronoun 2nd masculine singular - you", "*tihyeh*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you will be", "*bêtî*": "noun masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - my house", "*pîkā*": "noun masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your mouth", "*yiššaq*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - will kiss/will be ruled", "*ʿammî*": "noun masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - my people", "*raq*": "adverb - only", "*hakkissēʾ*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the throne", "*ʾegdal*": "qal imperfect 1st singular - I will be greater", "*mimmekā*": "preposition with 2nd masculine singular suffix - than you" }, "variants": { "*yiššaq*": "will kiss/will touch/will obey/will be ruled", "*bêtî*": "my house/my household/my royal court", "*pîkā*": "your mouth/your command/your word" } } 41 { "verseID": "Genesis.41.41", "source": "וַיֹּ֥אמֶר פַּרְעֹ֖ה אֶל־יוֹסֵ֑ף רְאֵה֙ נָתַ֣תִּי אֹֽתְךָ֔ עַ֖ל כָּל־אֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃", "text": "*wə-yōʾmer parʿōh* to-*yôsēp̄ rəʾēh nātattî* you over all-*ʾereṣ miṣrāyim*", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive with imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*parʿōh*": "proper noun - Pharaoh", "*yôsēp̄*": "proper noun - Joseph", "*rəʾēh*": "qal imperative masculine singular - see/behold", "*nātattî*": "qal perfect 1st singular - I have set/given/placed", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun feminine singular construct - land of", "*miṣrāyim*": "proper noun - Egypt" }, "variants": { "*rəʾēh*": "see/look/behold/consider", "*nātattî*": "I have given/placed/appointed/established" } }
• 1 Sam 16:22 : 22 { "verseID": "1_Samuel.16.22", "source": "וַיִּשְׁלַ֣ח שָׁא֔וּל אֶל־יִשַׁ֖י לֵאמֹ֑ר יַעֲמָד־נָ֤א דָוִד֙ לְפָנַ֔י כִּֽי־מָ֥צָא חֵ֖ן בְּעֵינָֽי׃", "text": "And *wə-yišlaḥ* *Šāʾûl* to *Yišay* *lēʾmōr*, \"Let *yaʿămād-nāʾ* *Dāwid* before me, for he has *māṣāʾ* *ḥēn* in my eyes.\"", "grammar": { "*wə-yišlaḥ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he sent", "*Šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*Yišay*": "proper noun - Jesse", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - saying", "*yaʿămād-nāʾ*": "Qal imperfect jussive, 3rd masculine singular + particle of entreaty - let stand please", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*māṣāʾ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - found", "*ḥēn*": "noun, masculine singular - favor/grace" }, "variants": { "*māṣāʾ ḥēn*": "found favor/found grace/gained approval" } }
• Neh 2:4-5 : 4 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.2.4", "source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר לִי֙ הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ עַל־מַה־זֶּ֖ה אַתָּ֣ה מְבַקֵּ֑שׁ וָֽאֶתְפַּלֵּ֔ל אֶל־אֱלֹהֵ֖י הַשָּׁמָֽיִם", "text": "*wa-yōʾmer* to-me the-*melek* for-what-this *ʾattāh* *məbaqqēš* *wā-ʾetpallēl* to-*ʾĕlōhê* the-*šāmāyim*", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*melek*": "masculine singular - king", "*ʾattāh*": "2nd masculine singular pronoun - you", "*məbaqqēš*": "piel participle masculine singular - requesting/seeking", "*wā-ʾetpallēl*": "conjunction + hithpael imperfect 1st singular - and I prayed", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "masculine plural construct - God of", "*šāmāyim*": "masculine plural - heavens" }, "variants": { "*məbaqqēš*": "seeking/requesting/asking", "*wā-ʾetpallēl*": "and I prayed/made supplication", "*ʾĕlōhê* *šāmāyim*": "God of heaven/the heavenly God" } } 5 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.2.5", "source": "וָאֹמַ֣ר לַמֶּ֔לֶךְ אִם־עַל־הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ ט֔וֹב וְאִם יִיטַ֥ב עַבְדְּךָ֖ לְפָנֶ֑יךָ אֲשֶׁ֧ר תִּשְׁלָחֵ֣נִי אֶל־יְהוּדָ֗ה אֶל־עִ֛יר קִבְר֥וֹת אֲבֹתַ֖י וְאֶבְנֶֽנָּה", "text": "*wā-ʾōmar* to-the-*melek* if-upon-the-*melek* *ṭôb* *wə-ʾim* *yîṭab* *ʿabdəkā* before-you *ʾăšer* *tišlāḥēnî* to-*yəhûdāh* to-*ʿîr* *qibrôt* *ʾăbōtay* *wə-ʾebnennāh*", "grammar": { "*wā-ʾōmar*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 1st singular - and I said", "*melek*": "masculine singular - king", "*ṭôb*": "adjective masculine singular - good/pleasing", "*wə-ʾim*": "conjunction + conditional particle - and if", "*yîṭab*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - it pleases/is good", "*ʿabdəkā*": "masculine singular noun + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your servant", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - that", "*tišlāḥēnî*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular + 1st singular suffix - you would send me", "*yəhûdāh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*ʿîr*": "feminine singular construct - city of", "*qibrôt*": "feminine plural construct - graves of", "*ʾăbōtay*": "masculine plural noun + 1st singular suffix - my fathers", "*wə-ʾebnennāh*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 1st singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - and I will build it" }, "variants": { "*ṭôb*": "good/pleasing/favorable", "*yîṭab*": "it pleases/is good/is favorable", "*tišlāḥēnî*": "you would send me/dispatch me", "*ʾebnennāh*": "I will build it/rebuild it/restore it" } }
• Prov 14:35 : 35 { "verseID": "Proverbs.14.35", "source": "רְֽצוֹן־מֶ֭לֶךְ לְעֶ֣בֶד מַשְׂכִּ֑יל וְ֝עֶבְרָת֗וֹ תִּהְיֶ֥ה מֵבִֽישׁ׃", "text": "*rəṣôn-melek ləʿebed maśkîl* and *ʿebrātô tihyeh mēbîš*", "grammar": { "*rəṣôn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - favor of", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular - king", "*ləʿebed*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - to servant", "*maśkîl*": "hiphil participle, masculine singular - acting wisely/prudent", "*ʿebrātô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his wrath", "*tihyeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - will be", "*mēbîš*": "hiphil participle, masculine singular - causing shame/disgracing" }, "variants": { "*rəṣôn*": "favor/goodwill/acceptance", "*melek*": "king/sovereign", "*ʿebed*": "servant/slave", "*maśkîl*": "acting wisely/being prudent/having insight", "*ʿebrātô*": "his wrath/his anger/his fury", "*tihyeh*": "will be/becomes", "*mēbîš*": "causing shame/bringing disgrace/acting shamefully" } }
• Prov 16:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Proverbs.16.7", "source": "בִּרְצ֣וֹת יְ֭הוָה דַּרְכֵי־אִ֑ישׁ גַּם־א֝וֹיְבָ֗יו יַשְׁלִ֥ם אִתּֽוֹ׃", "text": "When-*rᵉṣôt* *YHWH* *darkê*-*ʾîš* also-*ʾôyᵉḇāyw* *yašlīm* with-him", "grammar": { "*bᵉ*": "preposition - in/when", "*rᵉṣôt*": "verb, Qal infinitive construct - pleasing/accepting/being favorable", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*darkê*": "noun, feminine, plural construct - ways of", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine, singular - man/person", "*gam*": "particle - also/even", "*ʾôyᵉḇāyw*": "noun, masculine, plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his enemies", "*yašlīm*": "verb, Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will make peace", "*ʾittô*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - with him" }, "variants": { "*rᵉṣôt*": "when pleasing/when accepting/when favorable to", "*yašlīm*": "he will make peace/he will reconcile/he will cause to be at peace" } }
• Prov 17:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Proverbs.17.2", "source": "עֶבֶד־מַשְׂכִּיל יִמְשֹׁל בְּבֵן מֵבִישׁ וּבְתוֹךְ אַחִים יַחֲלֹק נַחֲלָה", "text": "*'ebed*-*maśkîl* *yimšōl* in *bēn* *mēbîš* *û-bətôk* *'achîm* *yachălōq* *nachălāh*", "grammar": { "*'ebed*": "noun, masculine singular construct - servant of", "*maśkîl*": "participle, Hiphil - acting wisely/prudently", "*yimšōl*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will rule", "*bēn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of", "*mēbîš*": "participle, Hiphil - causing shame", "*û-bətôk*": "conjunction + preposition + noun - and in the midst of", "*'achîm*": "noun, masculine plural - brothers", "*yachălōq*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will divide/share", "*nachălāh*": "noun, feminine singular - inheritance" }, "variants": { "*'ebed*": "servant/slave", "*maśkîl*": "prudent/wise/insightful", "*mēbîš*": "causing shame/bringing disgrace", "*tôk*": "midst/among/between", "*nachălāh*": "inheritance/heritage/possession" } }
• Prov 22:29 : 29 { "verseID": "Proverbs.22.29", "source": "חָזִ֡יתָ אִ֤ישׁ ׀ מָ֘הִ֤יר בִּמְלַאכְתּ֗וֹ לִֽפְנֵֽי־מְלָכִ֥ים יִתְיַצָּ֑ב בַּל־יִ֝תְיַצֵּב לִפְנֵ֥י חֲשֻׁכִּֽים׃ פ", "text": "*ḥāzîTā* *'îš* *māhîr* in *mĕla'KTô* before *mĕlāKîm* *yiTyaṣṣāb*; not *yiTyaṣṣēb* before *ḥăšuKKîm*.", "grammar": { "*ḥāzîTā*": "verb, Qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you have seen", "*'îš*": "noun, masculine singular - man", "*māhîr*": "adjective, masculine singular - skilled/diligent", "in": "preposition, *bi* - in", "*mĕla'KTô*": "noun with pronominal suffix, feminine singular - his work", "before": "preposition, *lipnê* - before/in front of", "*mĕlāKîm*": "noun, masculine plural - kings", "*yiTyaṣṣāb*": "verb, Hithpael imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will stand", "not": "negative particle, *bal* - not", "*yiTyaṣṣēb*": "verb, Hithpael imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will stand", "before": "preposition, *lipnê* - before/in front of", "*ḥăšuKKîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - obscure men/insignificant men" }, "variants": { "*ḥāzîTā*": "you have seen/you observe/you perceive", "*'îš*": "man/person/individual", "*māhîr*": "skilled/diligent/swift/prompt", "*mĕla'KTô*": "his work/his occupation/his craft/his business", "*mĕlāKîm*": "kings/rulers/sovereigns", "*yiTyaṣṣāb*": "will stand/will take his position/will present himself", "*ḥăšuKKîm*": "obscure ones/lowly ones/insignificant persons" } }
• Prov 27:18 : 18 { "verseID": "Proverbs.27.18", "source": "נֹצֵ֣ר תְּ֭אֵנָה יֹאכַ֣ל פִּרְיָ֑הּ וְשֹׁמֵ֖ר אֲדֹנָ֣יו יְכֻבָּֽד׃", "text": "*nōṣēr tĕʾēnāh yōʾkal piryāh wĕšōmēr ʾădōnāyw yĕkubbād*", "grammar": { "*nōṣēr*": "qal participle masculine singular - one who keeps/tends", "*tĕʾēnāh*": "feminine singular - fig tree", "*yōʾkal*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - will eat", "*piryāh*": "masculine singular + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - its fruit", "*wĕšōmēr*": "conjunction + qal participle masculine singular - and one who keeps/guards", "*ʾădōnāyw*": "masculine plural + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his master", "*yĕkubbād*": "pual imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - will be honored" }, "variants": { "*nāṣar*": "guard/keep/protect/tend", "*tĕʾēnāh*": "fig tree", "*ʾākal*": "eat/consume/devour", "*pĕrî*": "fruit/produce/result", "*šāmar*": "keep/guard/protect/watch", "*ʾādôn*": "lord/master/owner", "*kubbad*": "be honored/be respected/be glorified" } }
• Acts 20:28 : 28 { "verseID": "Acts.20.28", "source": "¶Προσέχετε οὖν ἑαυτοῖς, καὶ παντὶ τῷ ποιμνίῳ, ἐν ᾧ ὑμᾶς τὸ Πνεῦμα τὸ Ἅγιον ἔθετο ἐπισκόπους, ποιμαίνειν τὴν ἐκκλησίαν τοῦ Θεοῦ, ἣν περιεποιήσατο διὰ τοῦ ἰδίου αἵματος.", "text": "*Prosechete* therefore to-yourselves, and to-all the *poimniō*, in which you the *Pneuma* the *Hagion* *etheto* *episkopous*, *poimainein* the *ekklēsian* of-the *Theou*, which *periepoiēsato* through the *idiou* *haimatos*.", "grammar": { "*Prosechete*": "present imperative, active, 2nd person plural - take heed", "*poimniō*": "dative, neuter, singular - flock", "*Pneuma*": "nominative, neuter, singular - Spirit", "*Hagion*": "nominative, neuter, singular - Holy", "*etheto*": "aorist indicative, middle, 3rd person singular - appointed", "*episkopous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - overseers/bishops", "*poimainein*": "present infinitive, active - to shepherd", "*ekklēsian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - church/assembly", "*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of God", "*periepoiēsato*": "aorist indicative, middle, 3rd person singular - purchased/acquired", "*idiou*": "genitive, neuter, singular - own/his own", "*haimatos*": "genitive, neuter, singular - of blood" }, "variants": { "*Prosechete*": "take heed/be on guard/pay attention", "*poimniō*": "flock/fold", "*Pneuma*": "Spirit/spirit", "*Hagion*": "Holy/sacred", "*etheto*": "appointed/made/placed", "*episkopous*": "overseers/bishops/guardians", "*poimainein*": "to shepherd/tend/feed", "*ekklēsian*": "church/assembly/congregation", "*Theou*": "God/deity", "*periepoiēsato*": "purchased/acquired/obtained", "*idiou*": "own/his own/particular", "*haimatos*": "blood/bloodshed" } }
• Gen 15:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Genesis.15.2", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶּר אַבְרָ֗ם אֲדֹנָ֤י יֱהוִה֙ מַה־תִּתֶּן־לִ֔י וְאָנֹכִ֖י הוֹלֵ֣ךְ עֲרִירִ֑י וּבֶן־מֶ֣שֶׁק בֵּיתִ֔י ה֖וּא דַּמֶּ֥שֶׂק אֱלִיעֶֽזֶר׃", "text": "And-*yōʾmer* *ʾAḇrām* *ʾăḏōnāy* *YHWH* what-*titten*-to-me and-*ʾānōḵî* *hôlēḵ* *ʿărîrî* and-*ben*-*mešeq* *bêṯî* he *Dammeśeq* *ʾĔlîʿezer*.", "grammar": { "*yōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he said", "*ʾAḇrām*": "proper name", "*ʾăḏōnāy*": "my Lord - divine title with 1st person suffix", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*titten*": "Qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you will give", "*ʾānōḵî*": "1st person singular independent pronoun - I", "*hôlēḵ*": "Qal participle masculine singular - going/walking", "*ʿărîrî*": "adjective masculine singular - childless", "*ben*": "construct form of masculine singular noun - son of", "*mešeq*": "masculine singular noun - possession/acquisition", "*bêṯî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my house" }, "variants": { "*hôlēḵ*": "going/walking/proceeding/departing", "*ʿărîrî*": "childless/bereaved/destitute", "*mešeq*": "possession/acquisition/stewardship", "*Dammeśeq*": "Damascus/Damascene" } }
• Gen 32:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Genesis.32.5", "source": "וַיְצַ֤ו אֹתָם֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר כֹּ֣ה תֹאמְר֔וּן לַֽאדֹנִ֖י לְעֵשָׂ֑ו כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ עַבְדְּךָ֣ יַעֲקֹ֔ב עִם־לָבָ֣ן גַּ֔רְתִּי וָאֵחַ֖ר עַד־עָֽתָּה׃", "text": "*wə-yəṣaw ʾōtām lēmōr kōh tōʾmərûn* to-lord-my to-*ʿēśāw kōh ʾāmar* servant-your *yaʿăqōb* with-Laban *gartî wā-ʾēḥar* until-now.", "grammar": { "*wə-yəṣaw*": "waw consecutive + Piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he commanded", "*ʾōtām*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine plural suffix - them", "*lēmōr*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - saying", "*kōh*": "adverb - thus, so", "*tōʾmərûn*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall say", "*ʾāmar*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he said", "*gartî*": "Qal perfect, 1st common singular - I have sojourned", "*wā-ʾēḥar*": "waw consecutive + Piel imperfect, 1st common singular - and I have delayed/tarried" }, "variants": { "*yəṣaw*": "to command, to order, to charge", "*lēmōr*": "saying, to say", "*tōʾmərûn*": "to say, to speak, to tell", "*ʾāmar*": "to say, to declare, to command", "*gartî*": "to sojourn, to dwell as an alien, to live as a foreigner", "*ʾēḥar*": "to delay, to tarry, to remain behind" } }
• Gen 33:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Genesis.33.8", "source": "וַיֹּ֕אמֶר מִ֥י לְךָ֛ כָּל־הַמַּחֲנֶ֥ה הַזֶּ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר פָּגָ֑שְׁתִּי וַיֹּ֕אמֶר לִמְצֹא־חֵ֖ן בְּעֵינֵ֥י אֲדֹנִֽי׃", "text": "*wə-yōʾmer* who to you all-the *maḥăneh* *hazzeh* which *pāgāštî* *wə-yōʾmer* to find-*ḥēn* in *ʿênê* *ʾădōnî*", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*maḥăneh*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the camp/company", "*hazzeh*": "demonstrative adjective, masculine singular - this", "*pāgāštî*": "Qal perfect, 1st common singular - I met/encountered", "*ḥēn*": "noun, masculine singular - favor/grace", "*ʿênê*": "noun, feminine dual construct - eyes of", "*ʾădōnî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st common singular suffix - my lord" }, "variants": { "*yōʾmer*": "said/spoke", "*maḥăneh*": "camp/company/group/troop", "*pāgāštî*": "I met/I encountered/I came upon", "*ḥēn*": "favor/grace/acceptance", "*ʾădōnî*": "my lord/my master" } }