Deut 1:1-9 : 1 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.1",
"source": "אֵ֣לֶּה הַדְּבָרִ֗ים אֲשֶׁ֨ר דִּבֶּ֤ר מֹשֶׁה֙ אֶל־כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל בְּעֵ֖בֶר הַיַּרְדֵּ֑ן בַּמִּדְבָּ֡ר בָּֽעֲרָבָה֩ מ֨וֹל ס֜וּף בֵּֽין־פָּארָ֧ן וּבֵֽין־תֹּ֛פֶל וְלָבָ֥ן וַחֲצֵרֹ֖ת וְדִ֥י זָהָֽב",
"text": "These *dəḇārîm* which *dibbēr* *mōšeh* to-all-*yiśrāʾēl* in-*ʿēḇer* the-*yardēn* in-the-*midbār* in-the-*ʿărāḇâ* opposite *sûp* between-*pāʾrān* and-between-*tōpel* and-*lāḇān* and-*ḥăṣērōṯ* and-*dî zāhāḇ*",
"grammar": {
"*dəḇārîm*": "masculine plural noun - words/matters/things",
"*dibbēr*": "piel perfect 3rd masculine singular - spoke/declared",
"*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*ʿēḇer*": "masculine singular construct - side/opposite side/region across",
"*yardēn*": "proper noun with definite article - the Jordan (River)",
"*midbār*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - wilderness/desert",
"*ʿărāḇâ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - desert plain/Arabah",
"*sûp*": "proper noun - Suph (possibly Sea of Reeds)",
"*pāʾrān*": "proper noun - Paran",
"*tōpel*": "proper noun - Tophel",
"*lāḇān*": "proper noun - Laban",
"*ḥăṣērōṯ*": "proper noun - Hazeroth",
"*dî zāhāḇ*": "proper noun - Di-zahab"
},
"variants": {
"*dəḇārîm*": "words/matters/things/sayings/commands",
"*dibbēr*": "spoke/declared/commanded",
"*ʿēḇer*": "region across/opposite side/beyond"
}
}
2 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.2",
"source": "אַחַ֨ד עָשָׂ֥ר יוֹם֙ מֵֽחֹרֵ֔ב דֶּ֖רֶךְ הַר־שֵׂעִ֑יר עַ֖ד קָדֵ֥שׁ בַּרְנֵֽעַ",
"text": "Eleven *yôm* from-*ḥōrēḇ* *dereḵ* *har*-*śēʿîr* unto *qādēš barnēaʿ*",
"grammar": {
"*yôm*": "masculine singular noun - day",
"*ḥōrēḇ*": "proper noun with prefix מֵֽ (from) - Horeb",
"*dereḵ*": "construct state - way/path of",
"*har*": "masculine singular construct - mountain of",
"*śēʿîr*": "proper noun - Seir",
"*qādēš barnēaʿ*": "proper noun - Kadesh-barnea"
},
"variants": {
"*dereḵ*": "way/path/route/journey",
"*har*": "mountain/hill/hill country"
}
}
3 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.3",
"source": "וַיְהִי֙ בְּאַרְבָּעִ֣ים שָׁנָ֔ה בְּעַשְׁתֵּֽי־עָשָׂ֥ר חֹ֖דֶשׁ בְּאֶחָ֣ד לַחֹ֑דֶשׁ דִּבֶּ֤ר מֹשֶׁה֙ אֶל־בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל כְּ֠כֹל אֲשֶׁ֨ר צִוָּ֧ה יְהוָ֛ה אֹת֖וֹ אֲלֵהֶֽם",
"text": "And-*wayhî* in-fortieth *šānâ* in-eleventh *ḥōdeš* in-first of-the-*ḥōdeš* *dibbēr* *mōšeh* to-*bənê* *yiśrāʾēl* according-to-all which *ṣiwwâ* *YHWH* *ʾōṯô* to-them",
"grammar": {
"*wayhî*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and it happened/came to pass",
"*šānâ*": "feminine singular noun - year",
"*ḥōdeš*": "masculine singular noun - month/new moon",
"*dibbēr*": "piel perfect 3rd masculine singular - spoke/declared",
"*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses",
"*bənê*": "masculine plural construct - sons/children of",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*ṣiwwâ*": "piel perfect 3rd masculine singular - commanded/ordered",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD",
"*ʾōṯô*": "direct object marker with 3rd masculine singular suffix - him"
},
"variants": {
"*wayhî*": "and it happened/came to pass/was",
"*bənê*": "sons/children/descendants"
}
}
4 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.4",
"source": "אַחֲרֵ֣י הַכֹּת֗וֹ אֵ֚ת סִיחֹן֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ הָֽאֱמֹרִ֔י אֲשֶׁ֥ר יוֹשֵׁ֖ב בְּחֶשְׁבּ֑וֹן וְאֵ֗ת ע֚וֹג מֶ֣לֶךְ הַבָּשָׁ֔ן אֲשֶׁר־יוֹשֵׁ֥ב בְּעַשְׁתָּרֹ֖ת בְּאֶדְרֶֽעִי",
"text": "After *hakkōṯô* *ʾēṯ* *sîḥōn* *meleḵ* *hāʾĕmōrî* who *yōšēḇ* in-*ḥešbôn* and-*ʾēṯ* *ʿôg* *meleḵ* the-*bāšān* who-*yōšēḇ* in-*ʿaštārōṯ* in-*ʾedrêʿî*",
"grammar": {
"*hakkōṯô*": "hiphil infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his defeating/striking",
"*ʾēṯ*": "direct object marker",
"*sîḥōn*": "proper noun - Sihon",
"*meleḵ*": "masculine singular construct - king of",
"*hāʾĕmōrî*": "proper noun with definite article - the Amorite(s)",
"*yōšēḇ*": "qal participle masculine singular - dwelling/sitting/residing",
"*ḥešbôn*": "proper noun - Heshbon",
"*ʿôg*": "proper noun - Og",
"*bāšān*": "proper noun with definite article - the Bashan",
"*ʿaštārōṯ*": "proper noun - Ashtaroth",
"*ʾedrêʿî*": "proper noun - Edrei"
},
"variants": {
"*hakkōṯô*": "his defeating/striking/slaying",
"*yōšēḇ*": "dwelling/residing/living/sitting"
}
}
5 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.5",
"source": "בְּעֵ֥בֶר הַיַּרְדֵּ֖ן בְּאֶ֣רֶץ מוֹאָ֑ב הוֹאִ֣יל מֹשֶׁ֔ה בֵּאֵ֛ר אֶת־הַתּוֹרָ֥ה הַזֹּ֖את לֵאמֹֽר",
"text": "In-*ʿēḇer* the-*yardēn* in-*ʾereṣ* *môʾāḇ* *hôʾîl* *mōšeh* *bēʾēr* *ʾeṯ*-the-*tôrâ* the-*zōʾṯ* *lēʾmōr*",
"grammar": {
"*ʿēḇer*": "masculine singular construct - region across/beyond",
"*yardēn*": "proper noun with definite article - the Jordan",
"*ʾereṣ*": "feminine singular construct - land of",
"*môʾāḇ*": "proper noun - Moab",
"*hôʾîl*": "hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular - began/undertook/was willing",
"*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses",
"*bēʾēr*": "piel infinitive construct - to explain/expound/make plain",
"*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker",
"*tôrâ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the law/instruction",
"*zōʾṯ*": "feminine singular demonstrative pronoun with definite article - this",
"*lēʾmōr*": "qal infinitive construct - saying"
},
"variants": {
"*hôʾîl*": "began/undertook/was willing/determined",
"*bēʾēr*": "to explain/expound/make plain/declare",
"*tôrâ*": "law/instruction/teaching/direction"
}
}
6 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.6",
"source": "יְהוָ֧ה אֱלֹהֵ֛ינוּ דִּבֶּ֥ר אֵלֵ֖ינוּ בְּחֹרֵ֣ב לֵאמֹ֑ר רַב־לָכֶ֥ם שֶׁ֖בֶת בָּהָ֥ר הַזֶּֽה",
"text": "*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhênû* *dibbēr* to-us in-*ḥōrēḇ* *lēʾmōr* enough-for-you *šeḇeṯ* in-the-*hār* the-*zeh*",
"grammar": {
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD",
"*ʾĕlōhênû*": "masculine plural noun with 1st person plural suffix - our God",
"*dibbēr*": "piel perfect 3rd masculine singular - spoke/declared",
"*ḥōrēḇ*": "proper noun - Horeb",
"*lēʾmōr*": "qal infinitive construct - saying",
"*šeḇeṯ*": "qal infinitive construct - dwelling/staying/sitting",
"*hār*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the mountain",
"*zeh*": "masculine singular demonstrative pronoun with definite article - this"
},
"variants": {
"*dibbēr*": "spoke/declared/commanded",
"*šeḇeṯ*": "dwelling/staying/sitting/remaining"
}
}
7 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.7",
"source": "פְּנ֣וּ ׀ וּסְע֣וּ לָכֶ֗ם וּבֹ֨אוּ הַ֥ר הָֽאֱמֹרִי֮ וְאֶל־כָּל־שְׁכֵנָיו֒ בָּעֲרָבָ֥ה בָהָ֛ר וּבַשְּׁפֵלָ֥ה וּבַנֶּ֖גֶב וּבְח֣וֹף הַיָּ֑ם אֶ֤רֶץ הַֽכְּנַעֲנִי֙ וְהַלְּבָנ֔וֹן עַד־הַנָּהָ֥ר הַגָּדֹ֖ל נְהַר־פְּרָֽת",
"text": "*pənû* and-*səʿû* for-yourselves and-*bōʾû* *har* *hāʾĕmōrî* and-to-all-*šəḵēnāyw* in-the-*ʿărāḇâ* in-the-*hār* and-in-the-*šəpēlâ* and-in-the-*negeḇ* and-in-*ḥôp* the-*yām* *ʾereṣ* the-*kənaʿănî* and-the-*ləḇānôn* unto-the-*nāhār* the-*gāḏōl* *nəhar*-*pərāṯ*",
"grammar": {
"*pənû*": "qal imperative masculine plural - turn/face",
"*səʿû*": "qal imperative masculine plural - journey/depart",
"*bōʾû*": "qal imperative masculine plural - come/go/enter",
"*har*": "masculine singular construct - mountain of",
"*hāʾĕmōrî*": "proper noun with definite article - the Amorite(s)",
"*šəḵēnāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - its neighbors",
"*ʿărāḇâ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the desert plain/Arabah",
"*hār*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the mountain/hill country",
"*šəpēlâ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the lowland/Shephelah",
"*negeḇ*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the Negev/south",
"*ḥôp*": "masculine singular construct - coast/shore of",
"*yām*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the sea",
"*ʾereṣ*": "feminine singular construct - land of",
"*kənaʿănî*": "proper noun with definite article - the Canaanite(s)",
"*ləḇānôn*": "proper noun with definite article - the Lebanon",
"*nāhār*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the river",
"*gāḏōl*": "masculine singular adjective with definite article - the great",
"*nəhar*": "masculine singular construct - river of",
"*pərāṯ*": "proper noun - Euphrates"
},
"variants": {
"*pənû*": "turn/face/change direction",
"*səʿû*": "journey/depart/set out/move",
"*bōʾû*": "come/go/enter/arrive at",
"*šəḵēnāyw*": "neighbors/surrounding regions",
"*negeḇ*": "Negev/south/southern region"
}
}
8 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.8",
"source": "רְאֵ֛ה נָתַ֥תִּי לִפְנֵיכֶ֖ם אֶת־הָאָ֑רֶץ בֹּ֚אוּ וּרְשׁ֣וּ אֶת־הָאָ֔רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֣ר נִשְׁבַּ֣ע יְ֠הוָה לַאֲבֹ֨תֵיכֶ֜ם לְאַבְרָהָ֨ם לְיִצְחָ֤ק וּֽלְיַעֲקֹב֙ לָתֵ֣ת לָהֶ֔ם וּלְזַרְעָ֖ם אַחֲרֵיהֶֽם",
"text": "*rəʾēh* *nāṯattî* before-you *ʾeṯ*-the-*ʾāreṣ* *bōʾû* and-*rəšû* *ʾeṯ*-the-*ʾāreṣ* which *nišbaʿ* *YHWH* to-*ʾăḇōṯêḵem* to-*ʾaḇrāhām* to-*yiṣḥāq* and-to-*yaʿăqōḇ* *lāṯēṯ* to-them and-to-*zarʿām* after-them",
"grammar": {
"*rəʾēh*": "qal imperative masculine singular - see/look/behold",
"*nāṯattî*": "qal perfect 1st person singular - I have given",
"*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the land",
"*bōʾû*": "qal imperative masculine plural - come/go/enter",
"*rəšû*": "qal imperative masculine plural - possess/take possession of",
"*nišbaʿ*": "niphal perfect 3rd masculine singular - swore/took an oath",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD",
"*ʾăḇōṯêḵem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your fathers",
"*ʾaḇrāhām*": "proper noun - Abraham",
"*yiṣḥāq*": "proper noun - Isaac",
"*yaʿăqōḇ*": "proper noun - Jacob",
"*lāṯēṯ*": "qal infinitive construct - to give",
"*zarʿām*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their seed/offspring"
},
"variants": {
"*rəʾēh*": "see/look/behold/observe",
"*nāṯattî*": "I have given/placed/set",
"*rəšû*": "possess/take possession of/inherit",
"*nišbaʿ*": "swore/took an oath/pledged",
"*zarʿām*": "their seed/offspring/descendants"
}
}
9 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.9",
"source": "וָאֹמַ֣ר אֲלֵכֶ֔ם בָּעֵ֥ת הַהִ֖וא לֵאמֹ֑ר לֹא־אוּכַ֥ל לְבַדִּ֖י שְׂאֵ֥ת אֶתְכֶֽם",
"text": "And-*wāʾōmar* to-you in-the-*ʿēṯ* the-*hî* *lēʾmōr* not-*ʾûḵal* by-myself *śəʾēṯ* you",
"grammar": {
"*wāʾōmar*": "qal imperfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive - and I said",
"*ʿēṯ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the time",
"*hî*": "feminine singular demonstrative pronoun with definite article - that",
"*lēʾmōr*": "qal infinitive construct - saying",
"*ʾûḵal*": "qal imperfect 1st person singular - I am able",
"*śəʾēṯ*": "qal infinitive construct - to bear/carry"
},
"variants": {
"*wāʾōmar*": "and I said/spoke/told",
"*ʿēṯ*": "time/season/period",
"*ʾûḵal*": "I am able/can/am capable",
"*śəʾēṯ*": "to bear/carry/support/endure"
}
}
10 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.10",
"source": "יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֖ם הִרְבָּ֣ה אֶתְכֶ֑ם וְהִנְּכֶ֣ם הַיּ֔וֹם כְּכוֹכְבֵ֥י הַשָּׁמַ֖יִם לָרֹֽב",
"text": "*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêḵem* *hirbâ* you and-*hinnəḵem* the-*yôm* like-*kôḵəḇê* the-*šāmayim* *lārōḇ*",
"grammar": {
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD",
"*ʾĕlōhêḵem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your God",
"*hirbâ*": "hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular - has multiplied",
"*hinnəḵem*": "interjection with 2nd masculine plural suffix - behold you",
"*yôm*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the day",
"*kôḵəḇê*": "masculine plural construct - stars of",
"*šāmayim*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the heavens/sky",
"*lārōḇ*": "masculine singular noun with preposition - for multitude"
},
"variants": {
"*hirbâ*": "has multiplied/increased/made many",
"*hinnəḵem*": "behold you/look at you",
"*lārōḇ*": "for multitude/abundance/greatness"
}
}
11 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.11",
"source": "יְהוָ֞ה אֱלֹהֵ֣י אֲבֽוֹתֵכֶ֗ם יֹסֵ֧ף עֲלֵיכֶ֛ם כָּכֶ֖ם אֶ֣לֶף פְּעָמִ֑ים וִיבָרֵ֣ךְ אֶתְכֶ֔ם כַּאֲשֶׁ֖ר דִּבֶּ֥ר לָכֶֽם",
"text": "*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhê* *ʾăḇôṯêḵem* *yōsēp* upon-you as-you *ʾelep* *pəʿāmîm* and-*wîḇārēḵ* you as-which *dibbēr* to-you",
"grammar": {
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD",
"*ʾĕlōhê*": "masculine plural construct - God of",
"*ʾăḇôṯêḵem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your fathers",
"*yōsēp*": "hiphil jussive 3rd masculine singular - may he add",
"*ʾelep*": "masculine singular noun - thousand",
"*pəʿāmîm*": "feminine plural noun - times",
"*wîḇārēḵ*": "piel jussive 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and may he bless",
"*dibbēr*": "piel perfect 3rd masculine singular - he spoke"
},
"variants": {
"*yōsēp*": "may he add/increase/multiply",
"*wîḇārēḵ*": "and may he bless/praise/salute",
"*dibbēr*": "he spoke/said/promised"
}
}
12 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.12",
"source": "אֵיכָ֥ה אֶשָּׂ֖א לְבַדִּ֑י טָרְחֲכֶ֥ם וּמַֽשַּׂאֲכֶ֖ם וְרִֽיבְכֶֽם",
"text": "How *ʾeśśā* by-myself *ṭorḥăḵem* and-*maśśaʾăḵem* and-*rîḇəḵem*",
"grammar": {
"*ʾeśśā*": "qal imperfect 1st person singular - I will bear",
"*ṭorḥăḵem*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your burden/trouble",
"*maśśaʾăḵem*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your load/burden",
"*rîḇəḵem*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your strife/dispute"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾeśśā*": "I will bear/carry/endure",
"*ṭorḥăḵem*": "your burden/trouble/labor",
"*maśśaʾăḵem*": "your load/burden/cargo",
"*rîḇəḵem*": "your strife/dispute/controversy/legal case"
}
}
13 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.13",
"source": "הָב֣וּ לָ֠כֶם אֲנָשִׁ֨ים חֲכָמִ֧ים וּנְבֹנִ֛ים וִידֻעִ֖ים לְשִׁבְטֵיכֶ֑ם וַאֲשִׂימֵ֖ם בְּרָאשֵׁיכֶֽם",
"text": "*hāḇû* for-yourselves *ʾănāšîm* *ḥăḵāmîm* and-*nəḇōnîm* and-*wîḏuʿîm* for-*šiḇṭêḵem* and-*waʾăśîmēm* as-*rāʾšêḵem*",
"grammar": {
"*hāḇû*": "qal imperative masculine plural - give/provide",
"*ʾănāšîm*": "masculine plural noun - men",
"*ḥăḵāmîm*": "masculine plural adjective - wise",
"*nəḇōnîm*": "masculine plural adjective - discerning/understanding",
"*wîḏuʿîm*": "masculine plural passive participle - known/well-known",
"*šiḇṭêḵem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your tribes",
"*waʾăśîmēm*": "qal imperfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive and 3rd masculine plural suffix - and I will set/appoint them",
"*rāʾšêḵem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your heads/leaders"
},
"variants": {
"*hāḇû*": "give/provide/bring/furnish",
"*ʾănāšîm*": "men/people/persons",
"*ḥăḵāmîm*": "wise/skillful/experienced",
"*nəḇōnîm*": "discerning/understanding/intelligent",
"*wîḏuʿîm*": "known/well-known/recognized",
"*waʾăśîmēm*": "and I will set/appoint/place/establish them",
"*rāʾšêḵem*": "your heads/leaders/chiefs"
}
}
14 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.14",
"source": "וַֽתַּעֲנ֖וּ אֹתִ֑י וַתֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ טֽוֹב־הַדָּבָ֥ר אֲשֶׁר־דִּבַּ֖רְתָּ לַעֲשֽׂוֹת",
"text": "And-*wattaʿănû* me and-*wattōʾmrû* good-the-*dāḇār* which-*dibbartā* *laʿăśôṯ*",
"grammar": {
"*wattaʿănû*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine plural with waw consecutive - and you answered",
"*wattōʾmrû*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine plural with waw consecutive - and you said",
"*dāḇār*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the word/thing",
"*dibbartā*": "piel perfect 2nd masculine singular - you have spoken",
"*laʿăśôṯ*": "qal infinitive construct - to do"
},
"variants": {
"*wattaʿănû*": "and you answered/responded",
"*wattōʾmrû*": "and you said/spoke/declared",
"*dāḇār*": "word/thing/matter/plan",
"*dibbartā*": "you have spoken/proposed/suggested",
"*laʿăśôṯ*": "to do/make/perform/accomplish"
}
}
15 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.15",
"source": "וָאֶקַּ֞ח אֶת־רָאשֵׁ֣י שִׁבְטֵיכֶ֗ם אֲנָשִׁ֤ים חֲכָמִים֙ וִֽידֻעִ֔ים וָאֶתֵּ֥ן אֹתָ֛ם רָאשִׁ֖ים עֲלֵיכֶ֑ם שָׂרֵ֨י אֲלָפִ֜ים וְשָׂרֵ֣י מֵא֗וֹת וְשָׂרֵ֤י חֲמִשִּׁים֙ וְשָׂרֵ֣י עֲשָׂרֹ֔ת וְשֹׁטְרִ֖ים לְשִׁבְטֵיכֶֽם",
"text": "And-*wāʾeqqaḥ* *ʾeṯ*-*rāʾšê* *šiḇṭêḵem* *ʾănāšîm* *ḥăḵāmîm* and-*wîḏuʿîm* and-*wāʾettēn* them *rāʾšîm* over-you *śārê* *ʾălāpîm* and-*śārê* *mēʾôṯ* and-*śārê* *ḥămišîm* and-*śārê* *ʿăśārōṯ* and-*šōṭrîm* for-*šiḇṭêḵem*",
"grammar": {
"*wāʾeqqaḥ*": "qal imperfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive - and I took",
"*rāʾšê*": "masculine plural construct - heads of",
"*šiḇṭêḵem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your tribes",
"*ʾănāšîm*": "masculine plural noun - men",
"*ḥăḵāmîm*": "masculine plural adjective - wise",
"*wîḏuʿîm*": "masculine plural passive participle - known/well-known",
"*wāʾettēn*": "qal imperfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive - and I gave/appointed",
"*rāʾšîm*": "masculine plural noun - heads/leaders",
"*śārê*": "masculine plural construct - leaders of",
"*ʾălāpîm*": "masculine plural noun - thousands",
"*mēʾôṯ*": "feminine plural noun - hundreds",
"*ḥămišîm*": "common plural noun - fifties",
"*ʿăśārōṯ*": "feminine plural noun - tens",
"*šōṭrîm*": "masculine plural participle - officers",
"*šiḇṭêḵem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your tribes"
},
"variants": {
"*wāʾeqqaḥ*": "and I took/selected/chose",
"*rāʾšê*": "heads/chiefs/leaders of",
"*ʾănāšîm*": "men/people/persons",
"*ḥăḵāmîm*": "wise/skillful/experienced",
"*wîḏuʿîm*": "known/well-known/recognized",
"*wāʾettēn*": "and I gave/appointed/established",
"*śārê*": "leaders/commanders/officials of",
"*šōṭrîm*": "officers/officials/scribes"
}
}
16 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.16",
"source": "וָאֲצַוֶּה֙ אֶת־שֹׁ֣פְטֵיכֶ֔ם בָּעֵ֥ת הַהִ֖וא לֵאמֹ֑ר שָׁמֹ֤עַ בֵּין־אֲחֵיכֶם֙ וּשְׁפַטְתֶּ֣ם צֶ֔דֶק בֵּֽין־אִ֥ישׁ וּבֵין־אָחִ֖יו וּבֵ֥ין גֵּרֽוֹ",
"text": "And-*wāʾăṣawweh* *ʾeṯ*-*šōpṭêḵem* in-the-*ʿēṯ* the-*hî* *lēʾmōr* *šāmōaʿ* between-*ʾăḥêḵem* and-*ušəpaṭtem* *ṣedeq* between-*ʾîš* and-between-*ʾāḥîw* and-between-*gērô*",
"grammar": {
"*wāʾăṣawweh*": "piel imperfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive - and I commanded/charged",
"*šōpṭêḵem*": "masculine plural participle with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your judges",
"*ʿēṯ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the time",
"*hî*": "feminine singular demonstrative pronoun with definite article - that",
"*lēʾmōr*": "qal infinitive construct - saying",
"*šāmōaʿ*": "qal infinitive absolute - hearing/listening",
"*ʾăḥêḵem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your brothers",
"*ušəpaṭtem*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine plural with waw conjunction - and you shall judge",
"*ṣedeq*": "masculine singular noun - righteousness/justice",
"*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - man",
"*ʾāḥîw*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his brother",
"*gērô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his foreigner/sojourner"
},
"variants": {
"*wāʾăṣawweh*": "and I commanded/charged/instructed",
"*šōpṭêḵem*": "your judges/magistrates",
"*šāmōaʿ*": "hearing/listening/paying attention",
"*ʾăḥêḵem*": "your brothers/relatives/kinsmen",
"*ušəpaṭtem*": "and you shall judge/decide/govern",
"*ṣedeq*": "righteousness/justice/fairness",
"*gērô*": "his foreigner/sojourner/resident alien"
}
}
17 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.17",
"source": "לֹֽא־תַכִּ֨ירוּ פָנִ֜ים בַּמִּשְׁפָּ֗ט כַּקָּטֹ֤ן כַּגָּדֹל֙ תִּשְׁמָע֔וּן לֹ֤א תָג֙וּרוּ֙ מִפְּנֵי־אִ֔ישׁ כִּ֥י הַמִּשְׁפָּ֖ט לֵאלֹהִ֣ים ה֑וּא וְהַדָּבָר֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יִקְשֶׁ֣ה מִכֶּ֔ם תַּקְרִב֥וּן אֵלַ֖י וּשְׁמַעְתִּֽיו",
"text": "Not *takkîrû* *pānîm* in-the-*mišpāṭ*; as-the-*qāṭōn* as-the-*gādōl* *tišmā'ûn*; not *tāgûrû* from-*pənê*-*ʾîš*, for the-*mišpāṭ* to-*ʾĕlōhîm* it; and-the-*dābār* which *yiqšeh* from-you, *taqrîbûn* to-me and-*šāma'tîw*.",
"grammar": {
"*takkîrû*": "2nd person masculine plural imperfect, hiphil form of *nkr* - 'recognize/acknowledge'",
"*pānîm*": "masculine plural noun - 'faces/persons'",
"*mišpāṭ*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'judgment/legal decision'",
"*qāṭōn*": "masculine singular adjective with prefix *kə* - 'small/insignificant'",
"*gādōl*": "masculine singular adjective with prefix *kə* - 'great/significant'",
"*tišmā'ûn*": "2nd person masculine plural imperfect - 'you shall hear/listen'",
"*tāgûrû*": "2nd person masculine plural imperfect, qal form of *gwr* - 'fear/be afraid'",
"*pənê*": "construct form of *pānîm* - 'face of'",
"*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - 'man'",
"*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun (used as singular) - 'God'",
"*dābār*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'word/matter'",
"*yiqšeh*": "3rd person masculine singular imperfect, qal form of *qšh* - 'be difficult/hard'",
"*taqrîbûn*": "2nd person masculine plural imperfect, hiphil form of *qrb* - 'bring near/present'",
"*šāma'tîw*": "1st person singular perfect with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'I will hear it'"
},
"variants": {
"*takkîrû pānîm*": "recognize faces/show partiality/be partial",
"*tāgûrû*": "be afraid/fear/be in awe",
"*mišpāṭ*": "judgment/justice/legal decision/case",
"*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine being",
"*yiqšeh*": "be difficult/hard/beyond your ability"
}
}
18 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.18",
"source": "וָאֲצַוֶּ֥ה אֶתְכֶ֖ם בָּעֵ֣ת הַהִ֑וא אֵ֥ת כָּל־הַדְּבָרִ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר תַּעֲשֽׂוּן",
"text": "And-*ʾăṣawweh* *ʾetkem* in-the-*'ēt* the-*hû'* *ʾēt* all-the-*dəbārîm* which *ta'ăśûn*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾăṣawweh*": "1st person singular imperfect consecutive, piel form of *ṣwh* - 'command/instruct'",
"*ʾetkem*": "direct object marker with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - 'you'",
"*'ēt*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - 'time'",
"*hû'*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun with definite article - 'that'",
"*ʾēt*": "direct object marker",
"*dəbārîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - 'words/things/matters'",
"*ta'ăśûn*": "2nd person masculine plural imperfect, qal form of *'śh* - 'do/perform'"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾăṣawweh*": "commanded/instructed/ordered",
"*'ēt*": "time/period",
"*dəbārîm*": "words/things/matters/commands",
"*ta'ăśûn*": "would do/should do/will do"
}
}
19 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.19",
"source": "וַנִּסַּ֣ע מֵחֹרֵ֗ב וַנֵּ֡לֶךְ אֵ֣ת כָּל־הַמִּדְבָּ֣ר הַגָּדוֹל֩ וְהַנּוֹרָ֨א הַה֜וּא אֲשֶׁ֣ר רְאִיתֶ֗ם דֶּ֚רֶךְ הַ֣ר הֽ͏ָאֱמֹרִ֔י כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר צִוָּ֛ה יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵ֖ינוּ אֹתָ֑נוּ וַנָּבֹ֕א עַ֖ד קָדֵ֥שׁ בַּרְנֵֽעַ",
"text": "And-*nissa'* from-*Ḥōrēb* and-*nēlek* *ʾēt* all-the-*midbār* the-*gādôl* and-the-*nôrā'* the-*hû'* which *rəʾîtem*, *derek* *har* the-*ʾĕmōrî*, as-which *ṣiwwāh* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhênû* *ʾōtānû*; and-*nābō'* until *Qādēš Barnēa'*.",
"grammar": {
"*nissa'*": "1st person plural imperfect consecutive, qal form of *ns'* - 'journey/set out'",
"*Ḥōrēb*": "proper noun - geographical location",
"*nēlek*": "1st person plural imperfect consecutive, qal form of *hlk* - 'go/walk'",
"*ʾēt*": "direct object marker",
"*midbār*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'wilderness/desert'",
"*gādôl*": "masculine singular adjective with definite article - 'great/large'",
"*nôrā'*": "niphal participle masculine singular with definite article - 'fearful/terrible'",
"*hû'*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun with definite article - 'that'",
"*rəʾîtem*": "2nd person masculine plural perfect, qal form of *r'h* - 'see'",
"*derek*": "construct form - 'way of/path of'",
"*har*": "construct form - 'mountain of'",
"*ʾĕmōrî*": "proper noun with definite article - 'the Amorite'",
"*ṣiwwāh*": "3rd person masculine singular perfect, piel form of *ṣwh* - 'command'",
"*YHWH*": "divine name",
"*ʾĕlōhênû*": "masculine plural noun with 1st person plural suffix - 'our God'",
"*ʾōtānû*": "direct object marker with 1st person plural suffix - 'us'",
"*nābō'*": "1st person plural imperfect consecutive, qal form of *bw'* - 'come/arrive'",
"*Qādēš Barnēa'*": "proper noun - geographical location"
},
"variants": {
"*midbār*": "wilderness/desert/uninhabited land",
"*nôrā'*": "fearful/terrible/awesome/dreadful",
"*derek*": "way/path/road/journey",
"*ʾĕmōrî*": "Amorite/Amorites (people group)",
"*ṣiwwāh*": "commanded/ordered/instructed"
}
}
20 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.20",
"source": "וָאֹמַ֖ר אֲלֵכֶ֑ם בָּאתֶם֙ עַד־הַ֣ר הָאֱמֹרִ֔י אֲשֶׁר־יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵ֖ינוּ נֹתֵ֥ן לָֽנוּ",
"text": "And-*ʾōmar* to-you: *bāʾtem* until-*har* the-*ʾĕmōrî* which-*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhênû* *nōtēn* to-us.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾōmar*": "1st person singular imperfect consecutive, qal form of *ʾmr* - 'say'",
"*bāʾtem*": "2nd person masculine plural perfect, qal form of *bwʾ* - 'come/arrive'",
"*har*": "masculine singular construct - 'mountain of'",
"*ʾĕmōrî*": "proper noun with definite article - 'the Amorite'",
"*YHWH*": "divine name",
"*ʾĕlōhênû*": "masculine plural noun with 1st person plural suffix - 'our God'",
"*nōtēn*": "masculine singular participle, qal form of *ntn* - 'give'"
},
"variants": {
"*bāʾtem*": "you have come/you have arrived",
"*har*": "mountain/hill country/highlands",
"*ʾĕmōrî*": "Amorite/Amorites (people group)",
"*nōtēn*": "giving/is giving/about to give"
}
}
21 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.21",
"source": "רְ֠אֵה נָתַ֨ן יְהוָ֧ה אֱלֹהֶ֛יךָ לְפָנֶ֖יךָ אֶת־הָאָ֑רֶץ עֲלֵ֣ה רֵ֗שׁ כַּאֲשֶׁר֩ דִּבֶּ֨ר יְהוָ֜ה אֱלֹהֵ֤י אֲבֹתֶ֙יךָ֙ לָ֔ךְ אַל־תִּירָ֖א וְאַל־תֵּחָֽת",
"text": "*rəʾēh*, *nātan* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā* to-*pānêkā* *ʾet*-the-*ʾāreṣ*; *'ălēh* *rēš* as-which *dibber* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhê* *ʾăbōtêkā* to-you; not-*tîrā'* and-not-*tēḥāt*.",
"grammar": {
"*rəʾēh*": "2nd person masculine singular imperative, qal form of *r'h* - 'see/look'",
"*nātan*": "3rd person masculine singular perfect, qal form of *ntn* - 'give'",
"*YHWH*": "divine name",
"*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'your God'",
"*pānêkā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'your face/before you'",
"*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - 'the land/earth'",
"*'ălēh*": "2nd person masculine singular imperative, qal form of *'lh* - 'go up/ascend'",
"*rēš*": "2nd person masculine singular imperative, qal form of *yrš* - 'possess/inherit'",
"*dibber*": "3rd person masculine singular perfect, piel form of *dbr* - 'speak'",
"*ʾĕlōhê*": "masculine plural construct - 'God of'",
"*ʾăbōtêkā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'your fathers'",
"*tîrā'*": "2nd person masculine singular imperfect, qal form of *yr'* - 'fear'",
"*tēḥāt*": "2nd person masculine singular imperfect, niphal form of *ḥtt* - 'be dismayed/terrified'"
},
"variants": {
"*rəʾēh*": "see/look/behold",
"*nātan*": "has given/gives/is giving",
"*pānêkā*": "before you/in your presence",
"*ʾāreṣ*": "land/earth/territory/ground",
"*'ălēh rēš*": "go up, possess/ascend, take possession",
"*dibber*": "spoke/promised/said",
"*tîrā'*": "fear/be afraid",
"*tēḥāt*": "be dismayed/terrified/discouraged/broken"
}
}
22 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.22",
"source": "וַתִּקְרְב֣וּן אֵלַי֮ כֻּלְּכֶם֒ וַתֹּאמְר֗וּ נִשְׁלְחָ֤ה אֲנָשִׁים֙ לְפָנֵ֔ינוּ וְיַחְפְּרוּ־לָ֖נוּ אֶת־הָאָ֑רֶץ וְיָשִׁ֤בוּ אֹתָ֙נוּ֙ דָּבָ֔ר אֶת־הַדֶּ֙רֶךְ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר נַעֲלֶה־בָּ֔הּ וְאֵת֙ הֶֽעָרִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר נָבֹ֖א אֲלֵיהֶֽן",
"text": "And-*tiqrəbûn* to-me, all-of-you, and-*tōʾmrû*: *nišləḥāh* *ʾănāšîm* to-*pānênû* and-*yaḥpərû*-for-us *ʾet*-the-*ʾāreṣ*, and-*yāšîbû* *ʾōtānû* *dābār*, *ʾet*-the-*derek* which *na'ăleh*-in-it and-*ʾēt* the-*'ārîm* which *nābōʾ* to-them.",
"grammar": {
"*tiqrəbûn*": "2nd person masculine plural imperfect consecutive, qal form of *qrb* - 'approach/come near'",
"*tōʾmrû*": "2nd person masculine plural imperfect consecutive, qal form of *ʾmr* - 'say'",
"*nišləḥāh*": "1st person plural cohortative, qal form of *šlḥ* - 'let us send'",
"*ʾănāšîm*": "masculine plural noun - 'men'",
"*pānênû*": "masculine plural noun with 1st person plural suffix - 'before us'",
"*yaḥpərû*": "3rd person masculine plural imperfect, qal form of *ḥpr* - 'search out/explore'",
"*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - 'the land'",
"*yāšîbû*": "3rd person masculine plural imperfect, hiphil form of *šwb* - 'bring back/return'",
"*ʾōtānû*": "direct object marker with 1st person plural suffix - 'us'",
"*dābār*": "masculine singular noun - 'word/report'",
"*derek*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - 'the way'",
"*na'ăleh*": "1st person plural imperfect, qal form of *'lh* - 'go up'",
"*'ārîm*": "feminine plural noun with definite article - 'the cities'",
"*nābōʾ*": "1st person plural imperfect, qal form of *bwʾ* - 'come/enter'"
},
"variants": {
"*tiqrəbûn*": "approached/came near/drew near",
"*nišləḥāh*": "let us send/we should send",
"*yaḥpərû*": "search out/explore/spy out/investigate",
"*ʾāreṣ*": "land/territory/country",
"*yāšîbû*": "bring back/return/report back",
"*dābār*": "word/report/information/matter",
"*derek*": "way/road/path/route",
"*'ārîm*": "cities/towns/settlements"
}
}
23 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.23",
"source": "וַיִּיטַ֥ב בְּעֵינַ֖י הַדָּבָ֑ר וָאֶקַּ֤ח מִכֶּם֙ שְׁנֵ֣ים עָשָׂ֣ר אֲנָשִׁ֔ים אִ֥ישׁ אֶחָ֖ד לַשָּֽׁבֶט",
"text": "And-*yîṭab* in-*'ênay* the-*dābār*; and-*ʾeqqaḥ* from-you *šənêm* *'āśār* *ʾănāšîm*, *ʾîš* *ʾeḥād* for-the-*šābeṭ*.",
"grammar": {
"*yîṭab*": "3rd person masculine singular imperfect consecutive, qal form of *yṭb* - 'be good/pleasing'",
"*'ênay*": "dual noun with 1st person singular suffix - 'my eyes'",
"*dābār*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'the word/matter'",
"*ʾeqqaḥ*": "1st person singular imperfect consecutive, qal form of *lqḥ* - 'take'",
"*šənêm*": "masculine dual construct - 'two of'",
"*'āśār*": "masculine numeral - 'ten'",
"*ʾănāšîm*": "masculine plural noun - 'men'",
"*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - 'man'",
"*ʾeḥād*": "masculine singular numeral - 'one'",
"*šābeṭ*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'the tribe'"
},
"variants": {
"*yîṭab*": "was good/pleased/was pleasing",
"*'ênay*": "my eyes/in my sight/in my opinion",
"*dābār*": "word/matter/plan/thing",
"*ʾeqqaḥ*": "took/selected",
"*ʾîš ʾeḥād lašābeṭ*": "one man for each tribe"
}
}
24 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.24",
"source": "וַיִּפְנוּ֙ וַיַּעֲל֣וּ הָהָ֔רָה וַיָּבֹ֖אוּ עַד־נַ֣חַל אֶשְׁכֹּ֑ל וַֽיְרַגְּל֖וּ אֹתָֽהּ",
"text": "And-*yipnû* and-*ya'ălû* the-*hāhārāh* and-*yābōʾû* until-*naḥal* *ʾEškōl* and-*yəraggəlû* *ʾōtāh*.",
"grammar": {
"*yipnû*": "3rd person masculine plural imperfect consecutive, qal form of *pnh* - 'turn'",
"*ya'ălû*": "3rd person masculine plural imperfect consecutive, qal form of *'lh* - 'go up/ascend'",
"*hāhārāh*": "masculine singular noun with definite article and directional suffix - 'to the mountain'",
"*yābōʾû*": "3rd person masculine plural imperfect consecutive, qal form of *bwʾ* - 'come/enter'",
"*naḥal*": "masculine singular construct - 'valley/wadi of'",
"*ʾEškōl*": "proper noun - geographical location",
"*yəraggəlû*": "3rd person masculine plural imperfect consecutive, piel form of *rgl* - 'spy out/explore'",
"*ʾōtāh*": "direct object marker with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - 'it'"
},
"variants": {
"*yipnû*": "turned/faced/went",
"*ya'ălû*": "went up/ascended/climbed",
"*hāhārāh*": "to the mountain/hill country/highlands",
"*naḥal*": "valley/wadi/streambed",
"*yəraggəlû*": "spied out/explored/reconnoitered"
}
}
25 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.25",
"source": "וַיִּקְח֤וּ בְיָדָם֙ מִפְּרִ֣י הָאָ֔רֶץ וַיּוֹרִ֖דוּ אֵלֵ֑ינוּ וַיָּשִׁ֨בוּ אֹתָ֤נוּ דָבָר֙ וַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ טוֹבָ֣ה הָאָ֔רֶץ אֲשֶׁר־יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵ֖ינוּ נֹתֵ֥ן לָֽנוּ",
"text": "And-*yiqqəḥû* in-*yādām* from-*pərî* the-*ʾāreṣ* and-*yôrîdû* to-us; and-*yāšîbû* *ʾōtānû* *dābār* and-*yōʾmrû*: *ṭôbāh* the-*ʾāreṣ* which-*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhênû* *nōtēn* to-us.",
"grammar": {
"*yiqqəḥû*": "3rd person masculine plural imperfect consecutive, qal form of *lqḥ* - 'take'",
"*yādām*": "feminine dual noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - 'their hand'",
"*pərî*": "masculine singular construct - 'fruit of'",
"*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - 'the land'",
"*yôrîdû*": "3rd person masculine plural imperfect consecutive, hiphil form of *yrd* - 'bring down'",
"*yāšîbû*": "3rd person masculine plural imperfect consecutive, hiphil form of *šwb* - 'bring back/return'",
"*ʾōtānû*": "direct object marker with 1st person plural suffix - 'us'",
"*dābār*": "masculine singular noun - 'word/report'",
"*yōʾmrû*": "3rd person masculine plural imperfect consecutive, qal form of *ʾmr* - 'say'",
"*ṭôbāh*": "feminine singular adjective - 'good'",
"*YHWH*": "divine name",
"*ʾĕlōhênû*": "masculine plural noun with 1st person plural suffix - 'our God'",
"*nōtēn*": "masculine singular participle, qal form of *ntn* - 'giving'"
},
"variants": {
"*yiqqəḥû*": "took/gathered",
"*pərî*": "fruit/produce",
"*ʾāreṣ*": "land/country/territory",
"*yôrîdû*": "brought down/carried down",
"*yāšîbû*": "brought back/returned/gave",
"*dābār*": "word/report/information",
"*ṭôbāh*": "good/pleasant/rich/fertile",
"*nōtēn*": "giving/is giving/about to give"
}
}
26 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.26",
"source": "וְלֹ֥א אֲבִיתֶ֖ם לַעֲלֹ֑ת וַתַּמְר֕וּ אֶת־פִּ֥י יְהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם",
"text": "And-not *ʾăbîtem* to-*'ălōt*; and-*tamrû* *ʾet*-*pî* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkem*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾăbîtem*": "2nd person masculine plural perfect, qal form of *ʾbh* - 'be willing'",
"*'ălōt*": "qal infinitive construct of *'lh* - 'go up'",
"*tamrû*": "2nd person masculine plural imperfect consecutive, hiphil form of *mrh* - 'rebel/disobey'",
"*pî*": "masculine singular construct - 'mouth of'",
"*YHWH*": "divine name",
"*ʾĕlōhêkem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - 'your God'"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾăbîtem*": "were willing/wanted/consented",
"*'ălōt*": "to go up/to ascend",
"*tamrû*": "rebelled/disobeyed/defied",
"*pî*": "mouth/command/word"
}
}
27 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.27",
"source": "וַתֵּרָגְנ֤וּ בְאָהֳלֵיכֶם֙ וַתֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ בְּשִׂנְאַ֤ת יְהוָה֙ אֹתָ֔נוּ הוֹצִיאָ֖נוּ מֵאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרָ֑יִם לָתֵ֥ת אֹתָ֛נוּ בְּיַ֥ד הָאֱמֹרִ֖י לְהַשְׁמִידֵֽנוּ",
"text": "And-*tērāgənû* in-*ʾohŏlêkem* and-*tōʾmrû*: in-*śinʾat* *YHWH* *ʾōtānû* *hôṣîʾānû* from-*ʾereṣ* *Miṣrāyim* to-*lātēt* *ʾōtānû* in-*yad* the-*ʾĕmōrî* to-*hašmîdēnû*.",
"grammar": {
"*tērāgənû*": "2nd person masculine plural imperfect consecutive, niphal form of *rgn* - 'murmur/complain'",
"*ʾohŏlêkem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - 'your tents'",
"*tōʾmrû*": "2nd person masculine plural imperfect consecutive, qal form of *ʾmr* - 'say'",
"*śinʾat*": "feminine singular construct - 'hatred of'",
"*YHWH*": "divine name",
"*ʾōtānû*": "direct object marker with 1st person plural suffix - 'us'",
"*hôṣîʾānû*": "3rd person masculine singular perfect, hiphil form of *yṣʾ* with 1st person plural suffix - 'brought us out'",
"*ʾereṣ*": "feminine singular construct - 'land of'",
"*Miṣrāyim*": "proper noun - 'Egypt'",
"*lātēt*": "qal infinitive construct of *ntn* - 'to give'",
"*yad*": "feminine singular construct - 'hand of'",
"*ʾĕmōrî*": "proper noun with definite article - 'the Amorite'",
"*hašmîdēnû*": "hiphil infinitive construct of *šmd* with 1st person plural suffix - 'to destroy us'"
},
"variants": {
"*tērāgənû*": "murmured/complained/grumbled",
"*ʾohŏlêkem*": "your tents/dwellings",
"*śinʾat*": "hatred/enmity/hostility",
"*hôṣîʾānû*": "brought us out/led us out",
"*ʾereṣ Miṣrāyim*": "land of Egypt",
"*lātēt*": "to give/to deliver",
"*yad*": "hand/power/control",
"*ʾĕmōrî*": "Amorite/Amorites (people group)",
"*hašmîdēnû*": "to destroy us/annihilate us"
}
}
28 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.28",
"source": "אָנָ֣ה ׀ אֲנַ֣חְנוּ עֹלִ֗ים אַחֵינוּ֩ הֵמַ֨סּוּ אֶת־לְבָבֵ֜נוּ לֵאמֹ֗ר עַ֣ם גָּד֤וֹל וָרָם֙ מִמֶּ֔נּוּ עָרִ֛ים גְּדֹלֹ֥ת וּבְצוּרֹ֖ת בַּשָּׁמָ֑יִם וְגַם־בְּנֵ֥י עֲנָקִ֖ים רָאִ֥ינוּ שָֽׁם",
"text": "*ʾānāh* *ʾănaḥnû* *'ōlîm*? *ʾaḥênû* *hēmassû* *ʾet*-*ləbābēnû* *lēʾmōr*: *'am* *gādôl* and-*rām* from-us, *'ārîm* *gədōlōt* and-*bəṣûrōt* in-the-*šāmāyim*; and-also-*bənê* *'ănāqîm* *rāʾînû* there.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾānāh*": "interrogative adverb - 'where/to where'",
"*ʾănaḥnû*": "1st person plural independent pronoun - 'we'",
"*'ōlîm*": "masculine plural participle, qal form of *'lh* - 'going up'",
"*ʾaḥênû*": "masculine plural noun with 1st person plural suffix - 'our brothers'",
"*hēmassû*": "3rd person plural perfect, hiphil form of *mss* - 'cause to melt/discourage'",
"*ləbābēnû*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person plural suffix - 'our heart'",
"*lēʾmōr*": "qal infinitive construct - 'saying'",
"*'am*": "masculine singular noun - 'people'",
"*gādôl*": "masculine singular adjective - 'great/large'",
"*rām*": "masculine singular adjective - 'tall/high'",
"*'ārîm*": "feminine plural noun - 'cities'",
"*gədōlōt*": "feminine plural adjective - 'great/large'",
"*bəṣûrōt*": "feminine plural passive participle, qal form of *bṣr* - 'fortified'",
"*šāmāyim*": "masculine dual noun with definite article - 'the heavens'",
"*bənê*": "masculine plural construct - 'sons of'",
"*'ănāqîm*": "proper noun - 'Anakim'",
"*rāʾînû*": "1st person plural perfect, qal form of *r'h* - 'see'"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾānāh*": "where/to where/where to",
"*'ōlîm*": "going up/ascending",
"*ʾaḥênû*": "our brothers/kinsmen/fellow Israelites",
"*hēmassû*": "melted/discouraged/made fearful",
"*ləbābēnû*": "our heart/courage/resolve",
"*'am*": "people/nation",
"*gādôl*": "great/large/numerous",
"*rām*": "tall/high/mighty",
"*'ārîm*": "cities/towns",
"*bəṣûrōt*": "fortified/walled/defended",
"*šāmāyim*": "heavens/sky (meaning very tall)",
"*bənê 'ănāqîm*": "sons of Anak/Anakim (race of giants)"
}
}
29 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.29",
"source": "וָאֹמַ֖ר אֲלֵכֶ֑ם לֹא־תֽ͏ַעַרְצ֥וּן וְֽלֹא־תִֽירְא֖וּן מֵהֶֽם",
"text": "And-*ʾōmar* to-you: not-*ta'arṣûn* and-not-*tîrəʾûn* from-them.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾōmar*": "1st person singular imperfect consecutive, qal form of *ʾmr* - 'say'",
"*ta'arṣûn*": "2nd person masculine plural imperfect, qal form of *'rṣ* - 'dread/tremble'",
"*tîrəʾûn*": "2nd person masculine plural imperfect, qal form of *yr'* - 'fear'"
},
"variants": {
"*ta'arṣûn*": "dread/tremble/be terrified",
"*tîrəʾûn*": "fear/be afraid"
}
}
30 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.30",
"source": "יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶם֙ הַהֹלֵ֣ךְ לִפְנֵיכֶ֔ם ה֖וּא יִלָּחֵ֣ם לָכֶ֑ם כְּ֠כֹל אֲשֶׁ֨ר עָשָׂ֧ה אִתְּכֶ֛ם בְּמִצְרַ֖יִם לְעֵינֵיכֶֽם",
"text": "*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkem* the-*hōlēk* to-*pənêkem*, he *yillāḥēm* for-you; like-all which *'āśāh* with-you in-*Miṣrayim* to-*'ênêkem*.",
"grammar": {
"*YHWH*": "divine name",
"*ʾĕlōhêkem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - 'your God'",
"*hōlēk*": "masculine singular participle, qal form of *hlk* with definite article - 'the one who walks'",
"*pənêkem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - 'before you'",
"*yillāḥēm*": "3rd person masculine singular imperfect, niphal form of *lḥm* - 'fight'",
"*'āśāh*": "3rd person masculine singular perfect, qal form of *'śh* - 'do/make'",
"*Miṣrayim*": "proper noun - 'Egypt'",
"*'ênêkem*": "dual noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - 'your eyes'"
},
"variants": {
"*hōlēk*": "who walks/goes/travels",
"*pənêkem*": "before you/in front of you",
"*yillāḥēm*": "will fight/do battle",
"*'āśāh*": "did/performed/accomplished",
"*'ênêkem*": "your eyes/in your sight"
}
}
31 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.31",
"source": "וּבַמִּדְבָּר֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר רָאִ֔יתָ אֲשֶׁ֤ר נְשָׂאֲךָ֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר יִשָּׂא־אִ֖ישׁ אֶת־בְּנ֑וֹ בְּכָל־הַדֶּ֙רֶךְ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר הֲלַכְתֶּ֔ם עַד־בֹּאֲכֶ֖ם עַד־הַמָּק֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה",
"text": "And-in-the-*midbār* which *rāʾîtā*, which *nəśāʾăkā* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā*, as-which *yiśśā*-*ʾîš* *ʾet*-*bənô*, in-all-the-*derek* which *hălaktem* until-*bōʾăkem* until-the-*māqôm* the-*zeh*.",
"grammar": {
"*midbār*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'the wilderness'",
"*rāʾîtā*": "2nd person masculine singular perfect, qal form of *r'h* - 'see'",
"*nəśāʾăkā*": "3rd person masculine singular perfect, qal form of *nś'* with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'carried you'",
"*YHWH*": "divine name",
"*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'your God'",
"*yiśśā*": "3rd person masculine singular imperfect, qal form of *nś'* - 'carry'",
"*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - 'man'",
"*bənô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'his son'",
"*derek*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - 'the way'",
"*hălaktem*": "2nd person masculine plural perfect, qal form of *hlk* - 'walk/go'",
"*bōʾăkem*": "qal infinitive construct of *bw'* with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - 'your coming'",
"*māqôm*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'the place'",
"*zeh*": "masculine singular demonstrative - 'this'"
},
"variants": {
"*midbār*": "wilderness/desert/uninhabited land",
"*rāʾîtā*": "you saw/observed/experienced",
"*nəśāʾăkā*": "carried you/bore you/supported you",
"*yiśśā*": "carries/bears/lifts",
"*derek*": "way/path/journey/road",
"*hălaktem*": "you walked/went/traveled",
"*bōʾăkem*": "your coming/arrival",
"*māqôm*": "place/location/site"
}
}
32 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.32",
"source": "וּבַדָּבָ֖ר הַזֶּ֑ה אֵֽינְכֶם֙ מַאֲמִינִ֔ם בַּיהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם",
"text": "And-in-the-*dābār* the-*zeh* *ʾênkem* *maʾămînîm* in-*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkem*.",
"grammar": {
"*dābār*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'the word/matter'",
"*zeh*": "masculine singular demonstrative - 'this'",
"*ʾênkem*": "particle of negation with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - 'you are not'",
"*maʾămînîm*": "masculine plural participle, hiphil form of *ʾmn* - 'believing'",
"*YHWH*": "divine name",
"*ʾĕlōhêkem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - 'your God'"
},
"variants": {
"*dābār*": "word/matter/thing/affair",
"*ʾênkem maʾămînîm*": "you do not believe/you are not trusting",
"*maʾămînîm*": "believing/trusting/having faith"
}
}
33 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.33",
"source": "הַהֹלֵ֨ךְ לִפְנֵיכֶ֜ם בַּדֶּ֗רֶךְ לָת֥וּר לָכֶ֛ם מָק֖וֹם לֽ͏ַחֲנֹֽתְכֶ֑ם בָּאֵ֣שׁ ׀ לַ֗יְלָה לַרְאֹֽתְכֶם֙ בַּדֶּ֙רֶךְ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר תֵּֽלְכוּ־בָ֔הּ וּבֶעָנָ֖ן יוֹמָֽם׃",
"text": "The *hōlēk* before you in the *derek*, to *tūr* for you *māqōm* for your *ḥănōt*; in the *ʾēš* by *laylāh* to *rāʾōt* for you in the *derek* which you shall *tēlkū*-in it, and in the *ʿānān* by *yōmām*.",
"grammar": {
"*hōlēk*": "participle, masculine singular - walking/going",
"*derek*": "noun, feminine singular construct - way/road/path",
"*tūr*": "infinitive construct - to seek out/explore/search",
"*māqōm*": "noun, masculine singular construct - place/location",
"*ḥănōt*": "infinitive construct with 2nd person plural suffix - to camp/encamp",
"*ʾēš*": "noun, feminine singular - fire",
"*laylāh*": "noun, masculine singular - night",
"*rāʾōt*": "hiphil infinitive construct with 2nd person plural suffix - to show/cause to see",
"*tēlkū*": "qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you will walk/go",
"*ʿānān*": "noun, masculine singular - cloud",
"*yōmām*": "adverb - by day/daytime"
},
"variants": {
"*hōlēk*": "the one walking/going/traveling",
"*tūr*": "to search out/explore/seek",
"*māqōm*": "place/location/site",
"*ḥănōt*": "to camp/pitch tents/encamp",
"*rāʾōt*": "to show you/cause you to see/make visible to you"
}
}
34 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.34",
"source": "וַיִּשְׁמַ֥ע יְהוָ֖ה אֶת־ק֣וֹל דִּבְרֵיכֶ֑ם וַיִּקְצֹ֖ף וַיִּשָּׁבַ֥ע לֵאמֹֽר׃",
"text": "And *wayyišmaʿ* *YHWH* *ʾet*-*qōl* *dibrêkem*; and *wayyiqṣōp* and *wayyiššābaʿ* *lēʾmōr*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyišmaʿ*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he heard",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*qōl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - voice/sound of",
"*dibrêkem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your words",
"*wayyiqṣōp*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he was angry",
"*wayyiššābaʿ*": "niphal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he swore",
"*lēʾmōr*": "qal infinitive construct with preposition - saying"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyišmaʿ*": "and he heard/listened/heeded",
"*qōl*": "voice/sound/noise",
"*dibrêkem*": "your words/statements/speech",
"*wayyiqṣōp*": "and he became angry/was enraged/was wrathful",
"*wayyiššābaʿ*": "and he swore/took an oath/pledged"
}
}
35 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.35",
"source": "אִם־יִרְאֶ֥ה אִישׁ֙ בָּאֲנָשִׁ֣ים הָאֵ֔לֶּה הַדּ֥וֹר הָרָ֖ע הַזֶּ֑ה אֵ֚ת הָאָ֣רֶץ הַטּוֹבָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר נִשְׁבַּ֔עְתִּי לָתֵ֖ת לַאֲבֹתֵיכֶֽם׃",
"text": "If *yirʾeh* *ʾîš* among *hāʾănāšîm* *hāʾēlleh*, *haddōr* *hārāʿ* *hazzeh*, *ʾēt* *hāʾāreṣ* *haṭṭōbāh* which *nišbaʿtî* to *lātēt* to your *ʾăbōtêkem*.",
"grammar": {
"*yirʾeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will see",
"*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man/person",
"*hāʾănāšîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the men",
"*hāʾēlleh*": "demonstrative adjective, plural - these",
"*haddōr*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the generation",
"*hārāʿ*": "adjective, masculine singular with definite article - the evil/bad",
"*hazzeh*": "demonstrative adjective, masculine singular - this",
"*ʾēt*": "direct object marker",
"*hāʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the land",
"*haṭṭōbāh*": "adjective, feminine singular with definite article - the good",
"*nišbaʿtî*": "niphal perfect, 1st person singular - I swore",
"*lātēt*": "qal infinitive construct - to give",
"*ʾăbōtêkem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your fathers"
},
"variants": {
"*yirʾeh*": "he will see/perceive/experience",
"*ʾîš*": "man/person/anyone",
"*haddōr*": "generation/age/period",
"*hārāʿ*": "evil/bad/wicked",
"*hāʾāreṣ*": "land/earth/territory",
"*haṭṭōbāh*": "good/pleasant/favorable",
"*nišbaʿtî*": "I swore/took an oath/pledged",
"*ʾăbōtêkem*": "your fathers/ancestors/forefathers"
}
}
36 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.36",
"source": "זֽוּלָתִ֞י כָּלֵ֤ב בֶּן־יְפֻנֶּה֙ ה֣וּא יִרְאֶ֔נָּה וְלֽוֹ־אֶתֵּ֧ן אֶת־הָאָ֛רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֥ר דָּֽרַךְ־בָּ֖הּ וּלְבָנָ֑יו יַ֕עַן אֲשֶׁ֥ר מִלֵּ֖א אַחֲרֵ֥י יְהוָֽה׃",
"text": "Except *zūlātî* *Kālēb* *ben*-*Yəpunneh*, he *yirʾennāh*, and to him *ʾettēn* *ʾet*-*hāʾāreṣ* which he *dārak*-in it and to his *bānāyw*, because *ʾăšer* he *millēʾ* after *YHWH*.",
"grammar": {
"*zūlātî*": "preposition - except/save",
"*Kālēb*": "proper noun - Caleb",
"*ben*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of",
"*Yəpunneh*": "proper noun - Jephunneh",
"*yirʾennāh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - he will see it",
"*ʾettēn*": "qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I will give",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*hāʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the land",
"*dārak*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he trod/walked",
"*bānāyw*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his sons",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - that/which/because",
"*millēʾ*": "piel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he fulfilled/followed fully",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name"
},
"variants": {
"*zūlātî*": "except for/besides/apart from",
"*yirʾennāh*": "he will see it/experience it/possess it",
"*ʾettēn*": "I will give/provide/bestow",
"*dārak*": "he trod/walked on/stepped on",
"*millēʾ*": "he fulfilled/completed/followed fully"
}
}
37 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.37",
"source": "גַּם־בִּי֙ הִתְאַנַּ֣ף יְהוָ֔ה בִּגְלַלְכֶ֖ם לֵאמֹ֑ר גַּם־אַתָּ֖ה לֹא־תָבֹ֥א שָֽׁם׃",
"text": "Also with me *hitʾannap* *YHWH* because of you *lēʾmōr*: Also you *lōʾ*-*tābōʾ* there.",
"grammar": {
"*hitʾannap*": "hithpael perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he was angry",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name",
"*lēʾmōr*": "qal infinitive construct with preposition - saying",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*tābōʾ*": "qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you will enter"
},
"variants": {
"*hitʾannap*": "he was angry/became furious/was enraged",
"*tābōʾ*": "you will enter/come to/arrive at"
}
}
38 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.38",
"source": "יְהוֹשֻׁ֤עַ בִּן נוּן֙ הָעֹמֵ֣ד לְפָנֶ֔יךָ ה֖וּא יָ֣בֹא שָׁ֑מָּה אֹת֣וֹ חַזֵּ֔ק כִּי־ה֖וּא יַנְחִלֶ֥נָּה אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃",
"text": "*Yəhōšuaʿ* *bin* *Nūn* the *hāʿōmēd* before you, he *yābōʾ* there. *ʾōtō* *ḥazzēq*, for he *yanḥilennāh* *ʾet*-*Yiśrāʾēl*.",
"grammar": {
"*Yəhōšuaʿ*": "proper noun - Joshua",
"*bin*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of",
"*Nūn*": "proper noun - Nun",
"*hāʿōmēd*": "qal participle, masculine singular with definite article - the one standing",
"*yābōʾ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will enter",
"*ʾōtō*": "direct object marker with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - him",
"*ḥazzēq*": "piel imperative, masculine singular - strengthen",
"*yanḥilennāh*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - he will cause to inherit it",
"*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel"
},
"variants": {
"*hāʿōmēd*": "the one standing/serving/attending",
"*yābōʾ*": "he will enter/come into/go to",
"*ḥazzēq*": "strengthen/encourage/empower",
"*yanḥilennāh*": "he will cause to inherit it/give possession of it/apportion it"
}
}
39 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.39",
"source": "וְטַפְּכֶם֩ אֲשֶׁ֨ר אֲמַרְתֶּ֜ם לָבַ֣ז יִהְיֶ֗ה וּ֠בְנֵיכֶם אֲשֶׁ֨ר לֹא־יָדְע֤וּ הַיּוֹם֙ ט֣וֹב וָרָ֔ע הֵ֖מָּה יָבֹ֣אוּ שָׁ֑מָּה וְלָהֶ֣ם אֶתְּנֶ֔נָּה וְהֵ֖ם יִירָשֽׁוּהָּ׃",
"text": "And your *ṭappəkem* whom you *ʾămartem* to *lābaz* *yihyeh*, and your *bənêkem* who *lōʾ*-*yādəʿū* *hayyōm* *ṭōb* and *rāʿ*, they *yābōʾū* there, and to them *ʾettənennāh*, and they *yîrāšūhā*.",
"grammar": {
"*ṭappəkem*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your little ones",
"*ʾămartem*": "qal perfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you said",
"*lābaz*": "noun, masculine singular with preposition - to plunder/spoil",
"*yihyeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he/it will be",
"*bənêkem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your sons",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*yādəʿū*": "qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - they knew",
"*hayyōm*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the day",
"*ṭōb*": "adjective, masculine singular - good",
"*rāʿ*": "adjective, masculine singular - evil/bad",
"*yābōʾū*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will enter",
"*ʾettənennāh*": "qal imperfect, 1st person singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - I will give it",
"*yîrāšūhā*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - they will possess it"
},
"variants": {
"*ṭappəkem*": "your little ones/children/infants",
"*lābaz*": "for plunder/prey/spoil",
"*yihyeh*": "will be/become/happen",
"*yādəʿū*": "they knew/understood/experienced",
"*ṭōb*": "good/pleasant/beneficial",
"*rāʿ*": "evil/bad/harmful",
"*yābōʾū*": "they will enter/come into/go to",
"*ʾettənennāh*": "I will give it/provide it/bestow it",
"*yîrāšūhā*": "they will possess it/inherit it/take possession of it"
}
}
40 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.40",
"source": "וְאַתֶּ֖ם פְּנ֣וּ לָכֶ֑ם וּסְע֥וּ הַמִּדְבָּ֖רָה דֶּ֥רֶךְ יַם־סֽוּף׃",
"text": "And you *pənū* to yourselves, and *usəʿū* *hammidbbārāh* *derek* *yam*-*sūp*.",
"grammar": {
"*pənū*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - turn",
"*usəʿū*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - journey/travel",
"*hammidbbārāh*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article and directional heh - to the wilderness",
"*derek*": "noun, feminine singular construct - way of",
"*yam*": "noun, masculine singular construct - sea of",
"*sūp*": "noun - Reed/reeds"
},
"variants": {
"*pənū*": "turn/face/turn around",
"*usəʿū*": "journey/travel/set out",
"*hammidbbārāh*": "to the wilderness/desert/uninhabited land",
"*derek*": "way/road/path",
"*yam*-*sūp*": "Sea of Reeds/Red Sea"
}
}
41 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.41",
"source": "וַֽתַּעֲנ֣וּ ׀ וַתֹּאמְר֣וּ אֵלַ֗י חָטָאנוּ֮ לַֽיהוָה֒ אֲנַ֤חְנוּ נַעֲלֶה֙ וְנִלְחַ֔מְנוּ כְּכֹ֥ל אֲשֶׁר־צִוָּ֖נוּ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵ֑ינוּ וַֽתַּחְגְּר֗וּ אִ֚ישׁ אֶת־כְּלֵ֣י מִלְחַמְתּ֔וֹ וַתָּהִ֖ינוּ לַעֲלֹ֥ת הָהָֽרָה׃",
"text": "And *wattaʿănū* and *wattōʾmərū* to me, *ḥāṭāʾnū* to *YHWH*; we *naʿăleh* and *wənilḥamnū* according to all that *ʾăšer*-*ṣiwwānū* *YHWH* our *ʾĕlōhênū*. And *wattaḥgərū*, each man *ʾet*-*kəlê* *milḥamtō*, and *wattāhînū* to *laʿălōt* *hāhārāh*.",
"grammar": {
"*wattaʿănū*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 2nd person masculine plural - and you answered",
"*wattōʾmərū*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 2nd person masculine plural - and you said",
"*ḥāṭāʾnū*": "qal perfect, 1st person common plural - we have sinned",
"*naʿăleh*": "qal imperfect, 1st person common plural - we will go up",
"*wənilḥamnū*": "niphal perfect with vav consecutive, 1st person common plural - and we will fight",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - that/which",
"*ṣiwwānū*": "piel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 1st person common plural suffix - he commanded us",
"*ʾĕlōhênū*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st person common plural suffix - our God",
"*wattaḥgərū*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 2nd person masculine plural - and you girded",
"*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man/each",
"*kəlê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - weapons/tools of",
"*milḥamtō*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his war/battle",
"*wattāhînū*": "hiphil imperfect consecutive, 2nd person masculine plural - and you were ready/presumptuous",
"*laʿălōt*": "qal infinitive construct with preposition - to go up",
"*hāhārāh*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article and directional heh - to the mountain/hill"
},
"variants": {
"*wattaʿănū*": "and you answered/responded/replied",
"*ḥāṭāʾnū*": "we have sinned/offended/missed the mark",
"*naʿăleh*": "we will go up/ascend/climb",
"*wənilḥamnū*": "and we will fight/battle/wage war",
"*ṣiwwānū*": "he commanded us/ordered us/instructed us",
"*wattaḥgərū*": "and you girded/armed/equipped yourselves",
"*kəlê*": "instruments/weapons/tools of",
"*milḥamtō*": "his war/battle/combat",
"*wattāhînū*": "and you were ready/presumed/acted presumptuously",
"*hāhārāh*": "to the mountain/hill country/highlands"
}
}
42 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.42",
"source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֵלַ֗י אֱמֹ֤ר לָהֶם֙ לֹ֤א תֽ͏ַעֲלוּ֙ וְלֹא־תִלָּ֣חֲמ֔וּ כִּ֥י אֵינֶ֖נִּי בְּקִרְבְּכֶ֑ם וְלֹא֙ תִּנָּ֣גְפ֔וּ לִפְנֵ֖י אֹיְבֵיכֶֽם׃",
"text": "And *wayyōʾmer* *YHWH* to me, *ʾĕmōr* to them, *lōʾ* *taʿălū* and *lōʾ*-*tillāḥămū*, for *ʾênennî* in your *qirbəkem*, and *lōʾ* *tinnāgəpū* before your *ʾōyəbêkem*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyōʾmer*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he said",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name",
"*ʾĕmōr*": "qal imperative, masculine singular - say",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*taʿălū*": "qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you will go up",
"*tillāḥămū*": "niphal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you will fight",
"*ʾênennî*": "particle of negation with 1st person common singular suffix - I am not",
"*qirbəkem*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your midst",
"*tinnāgəpū*": "niphal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you will be struck/defeated",
"*ʾōyəbêkem*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your enemies"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyōʾmer*": "and he said/spoke/told",
"*ʾĕmōr*": "say/speak/tell",
"*taʿălū*": "you will go up/ascend/climb",
"*tillāḥămū*": "you will fight/do battle/wage war",
"*ʾênennî*": "I am not/I will not be",
"*qirbəkem*": "your midst/among you/within you",
"*tinnāgəpū*": "you will be struck/defeated/smitten",
"*ʾōyəbêkem*": "your enemies/foes/adversaries"
}
}
43 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.43",
"source": "וָאֲדַבֵּ֥ר אֲלֵיכֶ֖ם וְלֹ֣א שְׁמַעְתֶּ֑ם וַתַּמְרוּ֙ אֶת־פִּ֣י יְהוָ֔ה וַתָּזִ֖דוּ וַתַּעֲל֥וּ הָהָֽרָה׃",
"text": "And *wāʾădabbēr* to you and *lōʾ* *šəmaʿtem*; and *wattamrū* *ʾet*-*pî* *YHWH*, and *wattāzîdū* and *wattaʿălū* *hāhārāh*.",
"grammar": {
"*wāʾădabbēr*": "piel imperfect consecutive, 1st person common singular - and I spoke",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*šəmaʿtem*": "qal perfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you heard/listened",
"*wattamrū*": "hiphil imperfect consecutive, 2nd person masculine plural - and you rebelled against",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*pî*": "noun, masculine singular construct - mouth of",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name",
"*wattāzîdū*": "hiphil imperfect consecutive, 2nd person masculine plural - and you acted presumptuously",
"*wattaʿălū*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 2nd person masculine plural - and you went up",
"*hāhārāh*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article and directional heh - to the mountain"
},
"variants": {
"*wāʾădabbēr*": "and I spoke/talked/said",
"*šəmaʿtem*": "you heard/listened/obeyed",
"*wattamrū*": "and you rebelled against/disobeyed/defied",
"*pî*": "mouth/command/word of",
"*wattāzîdū*": "and you acted presumptuously/arrogantly/willfully",
"*wattaʿălū*": "and you went up/ascended/climbed",
"*hāhārāh*": "to the mountain/hill/highland"
}
}
44 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.44",
"source": "וַיֵּצֵ֨א הָאֱמֹרִ֜י הַיֹּשֵׁ֨ב בָּהָ֤ר הַהוּא֙ לִקְרַאתְכֶ֔ם וַיִּרְדְּפ֣וּ אֶתְכֶ֔ם כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר תַּעֲשֶׂ֖ינָה הַדְּבֹרִ֑ים וֽ͏ַיַּכְּת֥וּ אֶתְכֶ֛ם בְּשֵׂעִ֖יר עַד־חָרְמָֽה׃",
"text": "And *wayyēṣēʾ* the *hāʾĕmōrî* the *hayyōšēb* in *bāhār* *hahūʾ* to *liqrʾatkem*, and *wayyirdəpū* you *kaʾăšer* *taʿăśeynāh* the *dəbōrîm*, and *wayyakkətū* you in *Śēʿîr* as far as *Ḥormāh*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyēṣēʾ*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he went out",
"*hāʾĕmōrî*": "proper noun, masculine singular with definite article - the Amorite",
"*hayyōšēb*": "qal participle, masculine singular with definite article - the one dwelling",
"*bāhār*": "noun, masculine singular with preposition and definite article - in the mountain",
"*hahūʾ*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - that",
"*liqrʾatkem*": "noun, feminine singular construct with preposition and 2nd person masculine plural suffix - to meet you",
"*wayyirdəpū*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they pursued",
"*kaʾăšer*": "conjunction - as/like",
"*taʿăśeynāh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine plural - they do",
"*dəbōrîm*": "noun, feminine plural with definite article - the bees",
"*wayyakkətū*": "hiphil imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they struck",
"*Śēʿîr*": "proper noun - Seir",
"*Ḥormāh*": "proper noun - Hormah"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyēṣēʾ*": "and he went out/came out/departed",
"*hāʾĕmōrî*": "the Amorite/Amorites (collective singular)",
"*hayyōšēb*": "the one dwelling/inhabiting/residing",
"*wayyirdəpū*": "and they pursued/chased/followed after",
"*taʿăśeynāh*": "they do/make/act",
"*dəbōrîm*": "bees/wasps/hornets",
"*wayyakkətū*": "and they struck/beat/defeated"
}
}
45 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.45",
"source": "וַתָּשֻׁ֥בוּ וַתִּבְכּ֖וּ לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה וְלֹֽא־שָׁמַ֤ע יְהוָה֙ בְּקֹ֣לְכֶ֔ם וְלֹ֥א הֶאֱזִ֖ין אֲלֵיכֶֽם׃",
"text": "And *wattāšūbū* and *wattibkū* before *YHWH*; and *lōʾ*-*šāmaʿ* *YHWH* to your *qōləkem*, and *lōʾ* *heʾĕzîn* to you.",
"grammar": {
"*wattāšūbū*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 2nd person masculine plural - and you returned",
"*wattibkū*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 2nd person masculine plural - and you wept",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*šāmaʿ*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he heard",
"*qōləkem*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your voice",
"*heʾĕzîn*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he gave ear/listened"
},
"variants": {
"*wattāšūbū*": "and you returned/came back/turned back",
"*wattibkū*": "and you wept/cried/mourned",
"*šāmaʿ*": "he heard/listened/heeded",
"*qōləkem*": "your voice/sound/cry",
"*heʾĕzîn*": "he listened/gave ear/paid attention"
}
}
46 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.46",
"source": "וַתֵּשְׁב֥וּ בְקָדֵ֖שׁ יָמִ֣ים רַבִּ֑ים כַּיָּמִ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר יְשַׁבְתֶּֽם׃",
"text": "And *wattēšbū* in *Qādēš* *yāmîm* *rabbîm*, like the *yāmîm* *ʾăšer* you *yəšabtem*.",
"grammar": {
"*wattēšbū*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 2nd person masculine plural - and you dwelled",
"*Qādēš*": "proper noun - Kadesh",
"*yāmîm*": "noun, masculine plural - days",
"*rabbîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - many",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - that/which",
"*yəšabtem*": "qal perfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you dwelled"
},
"variants": {
"*wattēšbū*": "and you dwelled/stayed/remained",
"*yāmîm*": "days/period of time",
"*rabbîm*": "many/numerous/great",
"*yəšabtem*": "you dwelled/stayed/remained"
}
}