Jeremiah 2:21

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Jeremiah.2.21", "source": "וְאָֽנֹכִי֙ נְטַעְתִּ֣יךְ שֹׂרֵ֔ק כֻּלֹּ֖ה זֶ֣רַע אֱמֶ֑ת וְאֵיךְ֙ נֶהְפַּ֣כְתְּ לִ֔י סוּרֵ֖י הַגֶּ֥פֶן נָכְרִיָּֽה׃", "text": "*wəʾānōkî* *nəṭaʿtîk* *śōrēq* *kullōh* *zeraʿ* *ʾĕmet* *wəʾêk* *nehpakt* *lî* *sûrê* *haggefen* *nokrîyāh*", "grammar": { "*wəʾānōkî*": "conjunction + 1st singular pronoun - and I", "*nəṭaʿtîk*": "perfect Qal, 1st singular with 2nd feminine singular suffix - I planted you", "*śōrēq*": "masculine singular noun - choice vine/choice species", "*kullōh*": "masculine singular adjective with 3rd masculine singular suffix - all of it", "*zeraʿ*": "masculine singular construct noun - seed of", "*ʾĕmet*": "feminine singular noun - truth/faithfulness", "*wəʾêk*": "conjunction + interrogative - and how", "*nehpakt*": "perfect Niphal, 2nd feminine singular - you have turned/changed", "*lî*": "preposition with 1st singular suffix - to me", "*sûrê*": "plural construct participle Qal - degenerate shoots of", "*haggefen*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the vine", "*nokrîyāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - foreign/strange" }, "variants": { "*ʾānōkî*": "I (emphatic)", "*nəṭaʿtîk*": "I planted/established you", "*śōrēq*": "choice vine/choice variety/noble vine", "*zeraʿ*": "seed/offspring/posterity", "*ʾĕmet*": "truth/faithfulness/reliability", "*nehpakt*": "you have turned/changed/been transformed", "*sûrê*": "degenerate shoots/degenerate branches/wild offshoots", "*nokrîyāh*": "foreign/strange/alien" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וְאָֽנֹכִי֙ נְטַעְתִּ֣יךְ שֹׂרֵ֔ק כֻּלֹּ֖ה זֶ֣רַע אֱמֶ֑ת וְאֵיךְ֙ נֶהְפַּ֣כְתְּ לִ֔י סוּרֵ֖י הַגֶּ֥פֶן נָכְרִיָּֽה׃

Transliteration

wəʾānōkî nəṭaʿtîk śōrēq kullōh zeraʿ ʾĕmet wəʾêk nehpakt lî sûrê haggefen nokrîyāh

Grammar Details

• *wəʾānōkî*: conjunction + 1st singular pronoun - and I
• *nəṭaʿtîk*: perfect Qal, 1st singular with 2nd feminine singular suffix - I planted you
• *śōrēq*: masculine singular noun - choice vine/choice species
• *kullōh*: masculine singular adjective with 3rd masculine singular suffix - all of it
• *zeraʿ*: masculine singular construct noun - seed of
• *ʾĕmet*: feminine singular noun - truth/faithfulness
• *wəʾêk*: conjunction + interrogative - and how
• *nehpakt*: perfect Niphal, 2nd feminine singular - you have turned/changed
• *lî*: preposition with 1st singular suffix - to me
• *sûrê*: plural construct participle Qal - degenerate shoots of
• *haggefen*: definite article + feminine singular noun - the vine
• *nokrîyāh*: adjective, feminine singular - foreign/strange

Word Meanings

• *ʾānōkî*: I (emphatic)
• *nəṭaʿtîk*: I planted/established you
• *śōrēq*: choice vine/choice variety/noble vine
• *zeraʿ*: seed/offspring/posterity
• *ʾĕmet*: truth/faithfulness/reliability
• *nehpakt*: you have turned/changed/been transformed
• *sûrê*: degenerate shoots/degenerate branches/wild offshoots
• *nokrîyāh*: foreign/strange/alien

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  I planted you as a choice vine, from the very best seed. How then have you turned into wild, degenerate branches of a foreign vine for me?

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  Yet I had planted thee a noble vine, wholly a right seed: how then art thou turned into the degenerate plant of a strange vine unto me?

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  Yet I had planted you a noble vine, wholly a right seed: how then have you turned into the degenerate plant of a strange vine to me?

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  Yet I had planted thee a noble vine, wholly a right seed: how then art thou turned into the degenerate plant of a strange vine unto me?

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  Yet I had planted thee a noble vine, wholly a right seed: how then art thou turned into the degenerate branches of a foreign vine unto me?

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  Yet I had planted thee a noble vine, wholly a right seed: how then art thou turned into the degenerate plant of a strange vine unto me?

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  where as I planted the out of noble grapes and good rotes. How art thou turned then into a bytter, vnfrutefull, and straunge grape?

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Yet I had planted thee, a noble vine, whose plants were all natural: howe then art thou turned vnto me into the plants of a strange vine?

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Wheras I planted thee a noble vine, and wholly a right seede: howe art thou turned then into a bitter vnfruitfull and straunge grape?

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  Yet I had planted thee a noble vine, wholly a right seed: how then art thou turned into the degenerate plant of a strange vine unto me?

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  Yet I had planted you a noble vine, wholly a right seed: how then are you turned into the degenerate branches of a foreign vine to me?

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  And I planted thee a choice vine, wholly a true seed, And how hast thou been turned to Me, To the degenerate shoots of a strange vine?

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Yet I had planted thee a noble vine, wholly a right seed: how then art thou turned into the degenerate branches of a foreign vine unto me?

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Yet I had planted thee a noble vine, wholly a right seed: how then art thou turned into the degenerate branches of a foreign vine unto me?

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  But when you were planted by me, you were a noble vine, in every way a true seed: how then have you been changed into the branching plant of a strange vine?

• World English Bible (2000)

  Yet I had planted you a noble vine, wholly a right seed. How then have you turned into the degenerate branches of a foreign vine to me?

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  I planted you in the land like a special vine of the very best stock. Why in the world have you turned into something like a wild vine that produces rotten, foul-smelling grapes?

Referenced Verses

• Exod 15:17 : 17 { "verseID": "Exodus.15.17", "source": "תְּבִאֵ֗מוֹ וְתִטָּעֵ֙מוֹ֙ בְּהַ֣ר נַחֲלָֽתְךָ֔ מָכ֧וֹן לְשִׁבְתְּךָ֛ פָּעַ֖לְתָּ יְהוָ֑ה מִקְּדָ֕שׁ אֲדֹנָ֖י כּוֹנְנ֥וּ יָדֶֽיךָ׃", "text": "*təḇiʾēmô* *wətiṭṭāʿēmô* *bəhar* *naḥălātəḵā* *māḵôn* *ləšiḇtəḵā* *pāʿaltā* *YHWH* *miqqəḏāš* *ʾăḏōnāy* *kônənū* *yāḏeḵā*", "grammar": { "*təḇiʾēmô*": "hiphil imperfect 2nd masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - you will bring them", "*wətiṭṭāʿēmô*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - and you will plant them", "*bəhar*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in mountain of", "*naḥălātəḵā*": "noun, feminine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your inheritance", "*māḵôn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - established place of", "*ləšiḇtəḵā*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct + 2nd masculine singular suffix - for your dwelling", "*pāʿaltā*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you made", "*YHWH*": "divine name - YHWH", "*miqqəḏāš*": "noun, masculine singular - sanctuary", "*ʾăḏōnāy*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st common plural suffix - my Lord", "*kônənū*": "polel perfect 3rd common plural - they established", "*yāḏeḵā*": "noun, feminine dual + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your hands" }, "variants": { "*təḇiʾēmô*": "you will bring them/you will lead them in", "*wətiṭṭāʿēmô*": "and you will plant them/and you will establish them", "*naḥălātəḵā*": "your inheritance/your possession/your heritage", "*māḵôn ləšiḇtəḵā*": "place for your dwelling/fixed place for you to sit/foundation for your throne", "*miqqəḏāš*": "sanctuary/holy place/temple" } }
• Ps 80:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Psalms.80.8", "source": "אֱלֹהִ֣ים צְבָא֣וֹת הֲשִׁיבֵ֑נוּ וְהָאֵ֥ר פָּ֝נֶ֗יךָ וְנִוָּשֵֽׁעָה׃", "text": "*ʾĕlōhîm* *ṣəbāʾôt* *hăšîbēnû* and *hāʾēr* *pānêkā* and *niwwāšēʿâ*", "grammar": { "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - 'God/gods'", "*ṣəbāʾôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - 'of hosts/armies'", "*hăšîbēnû*": "verb, hiphil imperative, masculine singular with 1st person plural suffix - 'restore us/bring us back'", "*hāʾēr*": "verb, hiphil imperative, masculine singular - 'cause to shine/light up'", "*pānêkā*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'your face'", "*niwwāšēʿâ*": "verb, niphal imperfect cohortative, 1st person plural - 'we will be saved'" }, "variants": { "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods (plural form used for the one God)", "*ṣəbāʾôt*": "hosts/armies", "*hăšîbēnû*": "restore us/bring us back/return us", "*hāʾēr*": "cause to shine/light up/make bright", "*pānêkā*": "your face/presence/countenance", "*niwwāšēʿâ*": "we will be saved/delivered/rescued" } }
• Isa 5:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Isaiah.5.4", "source": "מַה־לַּעֲשׂ֥וֹת עוֹד֙ לְכַרְמִ֔י וְלֹ֥א עָשִׂ֖יתִי בּ֑וֹ מַדּ֧וּעַ קִוֵּ֛יתִי לַעֲשׂ֥וֹת עֲנָבִ֖ים וַיַּ֥עַשׂ בְּאֻשִֽׁים׃", "text": "What *mah*-more *laʿăśôt* for my *karmî* that I have not *ʿāśîtî* in it? Why *madûaʿ* did I *qiwwêtî* it *laʿăśôt* *ʿănābîm* but it *yaʿaś* *bəʾušîm*?", "grammar": { "*mah*": "interrogative - what", "*laʿăśôt*": "qal infinitive construct with preposition - to do", "*karmî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my vineyard", "*ʿāśîtî*": "qal perfect 1st person singular - I did/have done", "*madûaʿ*": "interrogative - why", "*qiwwêtî*": "piel perfect 1st person singular - I expected/waited for", "*laʿăśôt*": "qal infinitive construct with preposition - to produce", "*ʿănābîm*": "masculine plural noun - grapes", "*yaʿaś*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - it produced", "*bəʾušîm*": "masculine plural noun - wild/sour grapes" }, "variants": { "*qiwwêtî*": "expected/hoped/waited for", "*bəʾušîm*": "wild grapes/stinking things/worthless fruit" } }
• Ps 44:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Psalms.44.2", "source": "אֱלֹהִ֤ים ׀ בְּאָזְנֵ֬ינוּ שָׁמַ֗עְנוּ אֲבוֹתֵ֥ינוּ סִפְּרוּ־לָ֑נוּ פֹּ֥עַל פָּעַ֥לְתָּ בִֽ֝ימֵיהֶ֗ם בִּ֣ימֵי קֶֽדֶם׃", "text": "*ʾĕlōhîm* in *ʾoznênû* *šāmaʿnû* *ʾăbôtênû* *sippĕrû*-to us *pōʿal* *pāʿaltā* in *bîmêhem* in *bîmê* *qedem*", "grammar": { "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural (intensive plural) - God", "*ʾoznênû*": "noun, feminine dual + 1st person plural possessive suffix - our ears", "*šāmaʿnû*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person plural - we heard", "*ʾăbôtênû*": "noun, masculine plural + 1st person plural possessive suffix - our fathers", "*sippĕrû*": "verb, piel perfect, 3rd person plural - they told/recounted", "*pōʿal*": "noun, masculine singular construct - work of", "*pāʿaltā*": "verb, qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you did/worked", "*bîmêhem*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - in their days", "*bîmê*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct - in days of", "*qedem*": "noun, masculine singular - ancient times/east" }, "variants": { "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings", "*sippĕrû*": "told/recounted/declared", "*pōʿal*": "work/deed/action", "*qedem*": "ancient times/antiquity/east" } }
• Deut 32:32 : 32 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.32", "source": "כִּֽי־מִגֶּ֤פֶן סְדֹם֙ גַּפְנָ֔ם וּמִשַּׁדְמֹ֖ת עֲמֹרָ֑ה עֲנָבֵ֙מוֹ֙ עִנְּבֵי־ר֔וֹשׁ אַשְׁכְּלֹ֥ת מְרֹרֹ֖ת לָֽמוֹ׃", "text": "For from-*gep̄en* *Səḏōm* *gap̄nām*, and-from-*šaḏmōṯ* *ʿĂmōrāh*; *ʿănāḇêmô* *ʿinnəḇê*-*rôš*, *ʾaškəlōṯ* *mərōrōṯ* to-them.", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*mi*": "preposition - from", "*gep̄en*": "noun, feminine, singular construct - vine of", "*Səḏōm*": "proper noun - Sodom", "*gap̄nām*": "noun, feminine, singular construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their vine", "*û*": "conjunction - and", "*mi*": "preposition - from", "*šaḏmōṯ*": "noun, feminine, plural construct - fields of", "*ʿĂmōrāh*": "proper noun - Gomorrah", "*ʿănāḇêmô*": "noun, masculine, plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their grapes", "*ʿinnəḇê*": "noun, masculine, plural construct - grapes of", "*rôš*": "noun, masculine, singular - poison/venom/bitterness", "*ʾaškəlōṯ*": "noun, masculine, plural construct - clusters of", "*mərōrōṯ*": "noun, feminine, plural - bitterness/bitter things", "*lāmô*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - to them/for them" }, "variants": { "*gep̄en*": "vine/grapevine", "*gap̄nām*": "their vine/their vineyard", "*šaḏmōṯ*": "fields/vineyards/terraces", "*ʿănāḇêmô*": "their grapes/their fruit", "*ʿinnəḇê*": "grapes of/berries of", "*rôš*": "poison/venom/gall/bitterness", "*ʾaškəlōṯ*": "clusters/bunches", "*mərōrōṯ*": "bitterness/bitter things/gall" } }
• Josh 24:31 : 31 { "verseID": "Joshua.24.31", "source": "וַיַּעֲבֹ֤ד יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ אֶת־יְהוָ֔ה כֹּ֖ל יְמֵ֣י יְהוֹשֻׁ֑עַ וְכֹ֣ל ׀ יְמֵ֣י הַזְּקֵנִ֗ים אֲשֶׁ֨ר הֶאֱרִ֤יכוּ יָמִים֙ אַחֲרֵ֣י יְהוֹשֻׁ֔עַ וַאֲשֶׁ֣ר יָדְע֗וּ אֵ֚ת כָּל־מַעֲשֵׂ֣ה יְהוָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָשָׂ֖ה לְיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "And *wayyaʿăbōd* *Yisrāʾēl* *ʾet*-*YHWH* all *yemê* *Yehōshūaʿ* and all *yemê* the *zeqēnîm* who *heʾĕrîkū* *yāmîm* after *Yehōshūaʿ* and who *yādʿū* *ʾēt* all *maʿăśēh* *YHWH* which *ʿāśāh* for *Yisrāʾēl*.", "grammar": { "*wayyaʿăbōd*": "waw consecutive with qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he served", "*Yisrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - LORD", "*yemê*": "construct plural of *yōm* - days of", "*Yehōshūaʿ*": "proper noun, masculine - Joshua", "*zeqēnîm*": "definite noun, masculine plural - the elders", "*heʾĕrîkū*": "hiphil perfect 3rd common plural - they prolonged/extended", "*yāmîm*": "noun, masculine plural - days", "*yādʿū*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - they knew", "*maʿăśēh*": "noun, masculine singular construct - work/deed of", "*ʿāśāh*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he did/made" }, "variants": { "*wayyaʿăbōd*": "served/worshipped/obeyed", "*zeqēnîm*": "elders/old men/leaders", "*heʾĕrîkū*": "prolonged/extended/lengthened", "*yādʿū*": "knew/experienced/were acquainted with", "*maʿăśēh*": "work/deed/action" } }
• Isa 41:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Isaiah.41.8", "source": "וְאַתָּה֙ יִשְׂרָאֵ֣ל עַבְדִּ֔י יַעֲקֹ֖ב אֲשֶׁ֣ר בְּחַרְתִּ֑יךָ זֶ֖רַע אַבְרָהָ֥ם אֹהֲבִֽי׃", "text": "And-*ʾattâ yiśrāʾēl ʿaḇdî yaʿăqōḇ ʾăšer bəḥartîḵā zeraʿ ʾaḇrāhām ʾōhăḇî*", "grammar": { "*ʾattâ*": "pronoun, 2nd person masculine singular - you", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʿaḇdî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st person common singular suffix - my servant", "*yaʿăqōḇ*": "proper noun - Jacob", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - whom", "*bəḥartîḵā*": "verb, qal perfect 1st person common singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - I have chosen you", "*zeraʿ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - seed/offspring of", "*ʾaḇrāhām*": "proper noun - Abraham", "*ʾōhăḇî*": "verb, qal participle masculine singular + 1st person common singular suffix - my friend/one who loves me" }, "variants": { "*ʿaḇdî*": "my servant/my slave", "*bəḥartîḵā*": "I have chosen you/I have selected you/I have elected you", "*zeraʿ*": "seed/offspring/descendants", "*ʾōhăḇî*": "my friend/my beloved/one who loves me" } }
• Isa 60:21 : 21 { "verseID": "Isaiah.60.21", "source": "וְעַמֵּךְ֙ כֻּלָּ֣ם צַדִּיקִ֔ים לְעוֹלָ֖ם יִ֣ירְשׁוּ אָ֑רֶץ נֵ֧צֶר *מטעו **מַטָּעַ֛י מַעֲשֵׂ֥ה יָדַ֖י לְהִתְפָּאֵֽר", "text": "And your *ʿammēk* all of them *ṣaddîqîm*, to *ʿôlām* they will *yîrĕšû* *ʾāreṣ*, *nēṣer* *maṭṭāʿay* *maʿăśēh* of my *yāday* to *hitpāʾēr*.", "grammar": { "*ʿammēk*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - your people", "*ṣaddîqîm*": "adjective, masculine, plural, absolute - righteous ones", "*ʿôlām*": "noun, masculine, singular, absolute - everlasting/eternity", "*yîrĕšû*": "verb, qal, imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will possess/inherit", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular, absolute - land/earth", "*nēṣer*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - branch/sprout", "*maṭṭāʿay*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct with 1st person singular suffix - my planting", "*maʿăśēh*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - work/deed", "*yāday*": "noun, feminine, dual, construct with 1st person singular suffix - my hands", "*hitpāʾēr*": "verb, hithpael, infinitive construct - to glorify oneself/to be glorified" }, "variants": { "*ṣaddîqîm*": "righteous ones/just ones", "*ʿôlām*": "forever/everlasting/eternal", "*yîrĕšû*": "they will possess/they will inherit/they will occupy", "*ʾāreṣ*": "land/earth/ground/territory", "*nēṣer*": "branch/sprout/shoot", "*maṭṭāʿay*": "my planting/my plantation/what I have planted", "*hitpāʾēr*": "to glorify oneself/to be glorified/to show glory" } }
• Isa 61:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Isaiah.61.3", "source": "לָשׂוּם לַאֲבֵלֵי צִיּוֹן לָתֵת לָהֶם פְּאֵר תַּחַת אֵפֶר שֶׁמֶן שָׂשׂוֹן תַּחַת אֵבֶל מַעֲטֵה תְהִלָּה תַּחַת רוּחַ כֵּהָה וְקֹרָא לָהֶם אֵילֵי הַצֶּדֶק מַטַּע יְהוָה לְהִתְפָּאֵר", "text": "*lāśûm* *laʾăbēlê* *ṣiyyôn* *lātēt* *lāhem* *pəʾēr* *taḥat* *ʾēper* *šemen* *śāśôn* *taḥat* *ʾēbel* *maʿăṭēh* *təhillāh* *taḥat* *rûaḥ* *kēhāh* *wəqōrāʾ* *lāhem* *ʾêlê* *haṣṣedeq* *maṭṭaʿ* *YHWH* *ləhitpāʾēr*", "grammar": { "*lāśûm*": "preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct - to appoint/place", "*laʾăbēlê*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct - for mourners of", "*ṣiyyôn*": "proper noun - Zion", "*lātēt*": "preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct - to give", "*lāhem*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to them", "*pəʾēr*": "noun, masculine singular - headdress/garland/beauty", "*taḥat*": "preposition - instead of", "*ʾēper*": "noun, masculine singular - ashes", "*šemen*": "noun, masculine singular construct - oil of", "*śāśôn*": "noun, masculine singular - gladness", "*taḥat*": "preposition - instead of", "*ʾēbel*": "noun, masculine singular - mourning", "*maʿăṭēh*": "noun, masculine singular construct - garment/cloak of", "*təhillāh*": "noun, feminine singular - praise", "*taḥat*": "preposition - instead of", "*rûaḥ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - spirit of", "*kēhāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - dim/faint/failing", "*wəqōrāʾ*": "conjunction + verb, pual perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and they will be called", "*lāhem*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to them", "*ʾêlê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - oaks/terebinths of", "*haṣṣedeq*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the righteousness", "*maṭṭaʿ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - planting of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*ləhitpāʾēr*": "preposition + verb, hitpael infinitive construct - to glorify himself" }, "variants": { "*lāśûm*": "to appoint/to place/to establish", "*pəʾēr*": "headdress/garland/turban/beauty/ornament", "*taḥat*": "instead of/in place of/underneath", "*ʾēper*": "ashes/dust", "*šemen*": "oil/fatness", "*śāśôn*": "gladness/joy/rejoicing", "*ʾēbel*": "mourning/grief", "*maʿăṭēh*": "garment/cloak/covering", "*təhillāh*": "praise/glory/song of praise", "*rûaḥ*": "spirit/breath/wind", "*kēhāh*": "dim/faint/failing/despondent", "*ʾêlê*": "oaks/terebinths/mighty trees", "*haṣṣedeq*": "righteousness/justice", "*maṭṭaʿ*": "planting/plantation/plant", "*ləhitpāʾēr*": "to glorify himself/to display his beauty/to show his splendor" } }
• Lam 4:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Lamentations.4.1", "source": "אֵיכָה֙ יוּעַ֣ם זָהָ֔ב יִשְׁנֶ֖א הַכֶּ֣תֶם הַטּ֑וֹב תִּשְׁתַּפֵּ֙כְנָה֙ אַבְנֵי־קֹ֔דֶשׁ בְּרֹ֖אשׁ כָּל־חוּצֽוֹת׃", "text": "How *yûʿam* the *zāhāḇ*, *yišneʾ* the *keṯem* the *ṭôḇ*; *tištappēḵnâ* the *ʾaḇnê-qōḏeš* at *rōʾš* all *ḥûṣôṯ*", "grammar": { "*ʾêḵâ*": "interrogative adverb - how", "*yûʿam*": "Hophal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - is dimmed/darkened", "*zāhāḇ*": "masculine singular noun - gold", "*yišneʾ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - is changed/altered", "*keṯem*": "definite masculine singular noun - pure gold/fine gold", "*ṭôḇ*": "definite masculine singular adjective - good/fine", "*tištappēḵnâ*": "Hithpael imperfect, 3rd feminine plural - are poured out/scattered", "*ʾaḇnê-qōḏeš*": "construct form - stones of holiness/sacred stones", "*rōʾš*": "masculine singular construct - head/top", "*ḥûṣôṯ*": "feminine plural noun - streets/outside places" }, "variants": { "*yûʿam*": "is dimmed/is darkened/has become dull", "*zāhāḇ*": "gold (as precious metal)", "*yišneʾ*": "is changed/is altered/becomes different", "*keṯem*": "fine gold/pure gold/precious gold", "*tištappēḵnâ*": "are poured out/are scattered/are strewn", "*ʾaḇnê-qōḏeš*": "stones of the sanctuary/holy stones/sacred gems" } }
• Matt 21:33 : 33 { "verseID": "Matthew.21.33", "source": "¶Ἄλλην παραβολὴν ἀκούσατε: Ἄνθρωπός τις ἦν οἰκοδεσπότης, ὅστις ἐφύτευσεν ἀμπελῶνα, καὶ φραγμὸν αὐτῷ περιέθηκεν, καὶ ὤρυξεν ἐν αὐτῷ ληνὸν, καὶ ᾠκοδόμησεν πύργον, καὶ ἐξέδοτο αὐτὸν γεωργοῖς, καὶ ἀπεδήμησεν:", "text": "Another *parabolēn* *akousate*: *Anthrōpos* certain was *oikodespotēs*, who *ephyteusen* *ampelōna*, and *phragmon* to it *periethēken*, and *ōryxen* in it *lēnon*, and *ōkodomēsen* *pyrgon*, and *exedoto* it to *geōrgois*, and *apedēmēsen*:", "grammar": { "*parabolēn*": "accusative feminine singular - parable", "*akousate*": "aorist active imperative, 2nd person plural - hear", "*Anthrōpos*": "nominative masculine singular - man", "*oikodespotēs*": "nominative masculine singular - householder", "*ephyteusen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he planted", "*ampelōna*": "accusative masculine singular - vineyard", "*phragmon*": "accusative masculine singular - fence", "*periethēken*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he placed around", "*ōryxen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he dug", "*lēnon*": "accusative feminine singular - winepress", "*ōkodomēsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he built", "*pyrgon*": "accusative masculine singular - tower", "*exedoto*": "aorist middle indicative, 3rd person singular - he rented out", "*geōrgois*": "dative masculine plural - farmers", "*apedēmēsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he went away" }, "variants": { "*parabolēn*": "parable/comparison/analogy", "*akousate*": "hear/listen to", "*Anthrōpos*": "man/person/human", "*oikodespotēs*": "householder/master of house/landlord", "*ephyteusen*": "planted/established", "*ampelōna*": "vineyard/vineyard plantation", "*phragmon*": "fence/hedge/wall", "*periethēken*": "placed around/surrounded/enclosed", "*ōryxen*": "dug/excavated", "*lēnon*": "winepress/wine vat", "*ōkodomēsen*": "built/constructed", "*pyrgon*": "tower/watchtower", "*exedoto*": "rented out/leased/let out", "*geōrgois*": "farmers/tenant farmers/vinedressers", "*apedēmēsen*": "went away/traveled abroad/departed" } }
• Mark 12:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Mark.12.1", "source": "Καὶ ἤρξατο αὐτοῖς ἐν παραβολαῖς λέγεῖν. Ἀμπελῶνα ἐφύτευσεν ἄνθρωπος, καὶ περιέθηκεν φραγμόν, καὶ ὤρυξεν ὑπολήνιον, καὶ ᾠκοδόμησεν πύργον, καὶ ἐξέδοτο αὐτὸν γεωργοῖς, καὶ ἀπεδήμησεν.", "text": "And he *ērxato* to-them in *parabolais* *legein*. *Ampelōna* *ephyteusen* *anthrōpos*, and *periethēken* *phragmon*, and *ōryxen* *hypolēnion*, and *ōkodomēsen* *pyrgon*, and *exedoto* it to-*geōrgois*, and *apedēmēsen*.", "grammar": { "*ērxato*": "aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular - began", "*parabolais*": "dative plural feminine - parables", "*legein*": "present active infinitive - to speak/say", "*Ampelōna*": "accusative singular masculine - vineyard", "*ephyteusen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - planted", "*anthrōpos*": "nominative singular masculine - man/person", "*periethēken*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - placed around", "*phragmon*": "accusative singular masculine - fence/hedge", "*ōryxen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - dug", "*hypolēnion*": "accusative singular neuter - wine vat/pit under the winepress", "*ōkodomēsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - built", "*pyrgon*": "accusative singular masculine - tower", "*exedoto*": "aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular - gave out/leased", "*geōrgois*": "dative plural masculine - farmers/vinedressers", "*apedēmēsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - went away/traveled abroad" }, "variants": { "*ērxato*": "began/started", "*parabolais*": "parables/analogies/comparisons", "*legein*": "to speak/to say/to tell", "*ampelōna*": "vineyard/vine-field", "*ephyteusen*": "planted/established", "*anthrōpos*": "man/human/person", "*periethēken*": "placed around/set around/surrounded with", "*phragmon*": "fence/hedge/wall", "*ōryxen*": "dug/excavated", "*hypolēnion*": "wine vat/pit under the winepress", "*ōkodomēsen*": "built/constructed", "*pyrgon*": "tower/watchtower", "*exedoto*": "leased/rented out/gave out", "*geōrgois*": "farmers/vinedressers/agricultural workers", "*apedēmēsen*": "went away/traveled abroad/left the country" } }
• Luke 20:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Luke.20.9", "source": "Ἤρξατο δὲ πρὸς τὸν λαὸν λέγειν τὴν παραβολὴν ταύτην· Ἄνθρωπός τις ἐφύτευσεν ἀμπελῶνα, καὶ ἐξέδοτο αὐτὸν γεωργοῖς, καὶ ἀπεδήμησεν χρόνους ἱκανούς.", "text": "*Ērxato de pros* the *laon legein* the *parabolēn* this; *Anthrōpos tis ephyteusen ampelōna*, and *exedoto* it to *geōrgois*, and *apedēmēsen chronous hikanous*.", "grammar": { "*Ērxato*": "aorist middle, 3rd singular - he began", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and", "*pros*": "preposition + accusative - to/toward", "*laon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - people", "*legein*": "present infinitive - to say/speak", "*parabolēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - parable", "*Anthrōpos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - man", "*tis*": "indefinite pronoun - certain/some", "*ephyteusen*": "aorist active, 3rd singular - planted", "*ampelōna*": "accusative, masculine, singular - vineyard", "*exedoto*": "aorist middle, 3rd singular - let out/rented", "*geōrgois*": "dative, masculine, plural - farmers/vinedressers", "*apedēmēsen*": "aorist active, 3rd singular - went away/journeyed", "*chronous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - times/periods of time", "*hikanous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - considerable/sufficient" }, "variants": { "*Ērxato*": "he began/he started", "*de*": "but/and/now", "*pros*": "to/toward/with", "*laon*": "people/crowd/nation", "*legein*": "to speak/to tell/to say", "*parabolēn*": "parable/comparison/illustration", "*Anthrōpos tis*": "a certain man/someone", "*ephyteusen*": "planted/set out", "*ampelōna*": "vineyard/grape field", "*exedoto*": "rented out/leased/entrusted", "*geōrgois*": "farmers/vinedressers/husbandmen", "*apedēmēsen*": "went away/traveled abroad/departed", "*chronous hikanous*": "for a long time/for sufficient time" } }
• John 15:1 : 1 { "verseID": "John.15.1", "source": "¶Ἐγώ εἰμι ἡ ἄμπελος ἡ ἀληθινή, καὶ ὁ Πατήρ μου ὁ γεωργός ἐστιν.", "text": "*Egō eimi* the *ampelos* the *alēthinē*, and the *Patēr* *mou* the *geōrgos estin*.", "grammar": { "*Egō*": "nominative, singular, first person pronoun - I", "*eimi*": "present indicative, first person singular - am", "*ampelos*": "nominative, feminine, singular - vine/grapevine", "*alēthinē*": "nominative, feminine, singular, adjective - true/genuine", "*Patēr*": "nominative, masculine, singular - father", "*mou*": "genitive, singular, first person pronoun - my/of me", "*geōrgos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - farmer/vinedresser/gardener", "*estin*": "present indicative, third person singular - is" }, "variants": { "*ampelos*": "vine/grapevine", "*alēthinē*": "true/genuine/real/authentic", "*geōrgos*": "farmer/vinedresser/gardener/cultivator" } }
• Ps 105:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Psalms.105.6", "source": "זֶ֭רַע אַבְרָהָ֣ם עַבְדּ֑וֹ בְּנֵ֖י יַעֲקֹ֣ב בְּחִירָֽיו׃", "text": "*zeraʿ* *ʾAbrāhām* *ʿabdō* *bənēy* *Yaʿăqōb* *bəḥīrāyw*", "grammar": { "*zeraʿ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - seed/offspring of", "*ʾAbrāhām*": "proper name - Abraham", "*ʿabdō*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3ms suffix - his servant", "*bənēy*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons/children of", "*Yaʿăqōb*": "proper name - Jacob", "*bəḥīrāyw*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3ms suffix - his chosen ones" }, "variants": { "*zeraʿ*": "seed/offspring/descendants", "*ʿabdō*": "his servant/slave", "*bənēy*": "sons/children/descendants of", "*bəḥīrāyw*": "his chosen ones/elect/selected ones" } }
• Isa 1:21 : 21 { "verseID": "Isaiah.1.21", "source": "אֵיכָה֙ הָיְתָ֣ה לְזוֹנָ֔ה קִרְיָ֖ה נֶאֱמָנָ֑ה מְלֵאֲתִ֣י מִשְׁפָּ֗ט צֶ֛דֶק יָלִ֥ין בָּ֖הּ וְעַתָּ֥ה מְרַצְּחִֽים׃", "text": "*ʾêkâ* *hāyᵉtâ* *lᵉzônâ* *qiryâ* *neʾĕmānâ* *mᵉlēʾătî* *mišpāṭ* *ṣedeq* *yālîn* *bāh* *wᵉ'attâ* *mᵉraṣṣᵉḥîm*", "grammar": { "*ʾêkâ*": "interrogative adverb - how", "*hāyᵉtâ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - has become", "*lᵉzônâ*": "preposition lᵉ- + noun, feminine singular - a harlot", "*qiryâ*": "noun, feminine singular - city", "*neʾĕmānâ*": "adjective, niphal participle, feminine singular - faithful", "*mᵉlēʾătî*": "adjective, feminine singular - full of", "*mišpāṭ*": "noun, masculine singular - justice", "*ṣedeq*": "noun, masculine singular - righteousness", "*yālîn*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - would lodge", "*bāh*": "preposition bᵉ- + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - in her", "*wᵉ'attâ*": "conjunction wə- + adverb - and now", "*mᵉraṣṣᵉḥîm*": "piel participle, masculine plural - murderers" }, "variants": { "*ʾêkâ*": "how/alas/what a tragedy", "*hāyᵉtâ*": "has become/has turned into", "*lᵉzônâ*": "a harlot/prostitute", "*qiryâ*": "city/town", "*neʾĕmānâ*": "faithful/trustworthy/loyal", "*mᵉlēʾătî*": "full of/filled with", "*mišpāṭ*": "justice/judgment/what is right", "*ṣedeq*": "righteousness/justice/rightness", "*yālîn*": "would lodge/dwell/remain overnight", "*mᵉraṣṣᵉḥîm*": "murderers/assassins/those who kill" } }
• Isa 5:1-2 : 1 { "verseID": "Isaiah.5.1", "source": "אָשִׁ֤ירָה נָּא֙ לִֽידִידִ֔י שִׁירַ֥ת דּוֹדִ֖י לְכַרְמ֑וֹ כֶּ֛רֶם הָיָ֥ה לִֽידִידִ֖י בְּקֶ֥רֶן בֶּן־שָֽׁמֶן׃", "text": "I will *ʾāšîrâ* *nāʾ* for my *yədîdî* a *šîrat* of my *dôdî* for his *kerem*; a *kerem* *hāyâ* for my *yədîdî* in a *qeren ben-šāmen*.", "grammar": { "*ʾāšîrâ*": "qal imperfect 1st person singular with cohortative - I will sing", "*nāʾ*": "particle of entreaty - please/now", "*yədîdî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular possessive suffix - my beloved", "*šîrat*": "feminine singular construct - song of", "*dôdî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular possessive suffix - my beloved/my love", "*kerem*": "masculine singular noun - vineyard", "*hāyâ*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - was/existed", "*qeren*": "construct state - horn/hill", "*ben-šāmen*": "construct phrase - son of fatness/fertility" }, "variants": { "*yədîdî*": "beloved/dear one/friend", "*dôdî*": "beloved/love/uncle", "*qeren*": "horn/hill/power", "*ben-šāmen*": "fertile hill/rich soil/son of oil" } } 2 { "verseID": "Isaiah.5.2", "source": "וַֽיְעַזְּקֵ֣הוּ וַֽיְסַקְּלֵ֗הוּ וַיִּטָּעֵ֙הוּ֙ שֹׂרֵ֔ק וַיִּ֤בֶן מִגְדָּל֙ בְּתוֹכ֔וֹ וְגַם־יֶ֖קֶב חָצֵ֣ב בּ֑וֹ וַיְקַ֛ו לַעֲשׂ֥וֹת עֲנָבִ֖ים וַיַּ֥עַשׂ בְּאֻשִֽׁים׃", "text": "And *wə*-he *yaʿazzəqēhû* and *wə*-he *yəsaqqəlēhû* and he *yiṭṭāʿēhû* *śōrēq* and he *yiben* a *migdāl* in *bətôkô* and *wə*-also a *yeqeb* he *ḥāṣēb* in it; and he *yəqaw* for it to *laʿăśôt* *ʿănābîm* but it *yaʿaś* *bəʾušîm*.", "grammar": { "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*yaʿazzəqēhû*": "piel imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - he dug it up", "*yəsaqqəlēhû*": "piel imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - he cleared it of stones", "*yiṭṭāʿēhû*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - he planted it", "*śōrēq*": "masculine singular noun - choice vine/red grapes", "*yiben*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he built", "*migdāl*": "masculine singular noun - tower", "*bətôkô*": "preposition with masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in its midst", "*yeqeb*": "masculine singular noun - wine vat", "*ḥāṣēb*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he hewed/carved out", "*yəqaw*": "piel imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he expected/waited", "*laʿăśôt*": "qal infinitive construct with preposition - to produce/make", "*ʿănābîm*": "masculine plural noun - grapes", "*yaʿaś*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - it produced", "*bəʾušîm*": "masculine plural noun - wild/sour grapes" }, "variants": { "*yaʿazzəqēhû*": "dug it up/hoed it/tilled it", "*śōrēq*": "choice vine/red grapes/best variety", "*bəʾušîm*": "wild grapes/stinking things/worthless fruit" } }
• Deut 4:37 : 37 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.4.37", "source": "וְתַ֗חַת כִּ֤י אָהַב֙ אֶת־אֲבֹתֶ֔יךָ וַיִּבְחַ֥ר בְּזַרְע֖וֹ אַחֲרָ֑יו וַיּוֹצִֽאֲךָ֧ בְּפָנָ֛יו בְּכֹח֥וֹ הַגָּדֹ֖ל מִמִּצְרָֽיִם׃", "text": "And-*ṯaḥaṯ* because *ʾāhaḇ* *ʾet*-*ʾăḇōṯeḵā* *wayyiḇḥar* in-*zarʿô* after-him, *wayyôṣîʾăḵā* with-*p̄ānāyw* with-*kōḥô* the-*gāḏōl* from-*miṣrayim*.", "grammar": { "*ṯaḥaṯ*": "preposition - under/beneath/instead of", "*ʾāhaḇ*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he loved", "*ʾăḇōṯeḵā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your fathers", "*wayyiḇḥar*": "waw consecutive + verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he chose", "*zarʿô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his seed/offspring", "*wayyôṣîʾăḵā*": "waw consecutive + verb, Hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - and he brought you out", "*p̄ānāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his face/presence", "*kōḥô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his strength", "*gāḏōl*": "adjective, masculine singular with definite article - the great", "*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt" }, "variants": { "*ṯaḥaṯ*": "under/beneath/instead of/because", "*ʾāhaḇ*": "to love/like/be fond of", "*ʾăḇōṯeḵā*": "your fathers/ancestors/forefathers", "*wayyiḇḥar*": "to choose/select/elect", "*zarʿô*": "his seed/offspring/descendants/posterity", "*wayyôṣîʾăḵā*": "to bring out/lead out/take out", "*p̄ānāyw*": "his face/presence/person", "*kōḥô*": "his strength/power/might", "*gāḏōl*": "great/large/mighty" } }
• Gen 18:19 : 19 { "verseID": "Genesis.18.19", "source": "כִּ֣י יְדַעְתִּ֗יו לְמַעַן֩ אֲשֶׁ֨ר יְצַוֶּ֜ה אֶת־בָּנָ֤יו וְאֶת־בֵּיתוֹ֙ אַחֲרָ֔יו וְשָֽׁמְרוּ֙ דֶּ֣רֶךְ יְהוָ֔ה לַעֲשׂ֥וֹת צְדָקָ֖ה וּמִשְׁפָּ֑ט לְמַ֗עַן הָבִ֤יא יְהוָה֙ עַל־אַבְרָהָ֔ם אֵ֥ת אֲשֶׁר־דִּבֶּ֖ר עָלָֽיו׃", "text": "For *yəḏaʿtîw* for-purpose that *yəṣawweh* *ʾeṯ*-his-sons and-*ʾeṯ*-his-house after-him and-*wəšāmərû* *dereḵ* *YHWH* to-*laʿăśôṯ* *ṣəḏāqâ* and-*mišpāṭ* for-purpose *hāḇîʾ* *YHWH* upon-*ʾAḇrāhām* *ʾēṯ* which-*dibber* upon-him.", "grammar": { "*yəḏaʿtîw*": "qal perfect, 1st person singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - I have known him", "*yəṣawweh*": "piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will command", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*wəšāmərû*": "qal perfect with waw-consecutive, 3rd masculine plural - they will keep", "*dereḵ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - way of", "*laʿăśôṯ*": "qal infinitive construct with prefix - to do/practice", "*ṣəḏāqâ*": "noun, feminine singular - righteousness", "*mišpāṭ*": "noun, masculine singular - justice/judgment", "*hāḇîʾ*": "hiphil infinitive construct - to bring", "*dibber*": "piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - has spoken" }, "variants": { "*yəḏaʿtîw*": "I have known him/chosen him/acknowledged him", "*ṣəḏāqâ*": "righteousness/right action/what is right", "*mišpāṭ*": "justice/judgment/legal decision" } }
• Gen 26:3-5 : 3 { "verseID": "Genesis.26.3", "source": "גּ֚וּר בָּאָ֣רֶץ הַזֹּ֔את וְאֶֽהְיֶ֥ה עִמְּךָ֖ וַאֲבָרְכֶ֑ךָּ כִּֽי־לְךָ֣ וּֽלְזַרְעֲךָ֗ אֶתֵּן֙ אֶת־כָּל־הָֽאֲרָצֹ֣ת הָאֵ֔ל וַהֲקִֽמֹתִי֙ אֶת־הַשְּׁבֻעָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר נִשְׁבַּ֖עְתִּי לְאַבְרָהָ֥ם אָבִֽיךָ׃", "text": "*gûr* in-*hā-ʾāreṣ* *hazzōt* and-*ʾehyeh* with-you and-*ʾăbārekekā* for-to-you and-to-*zarʿăkā* *ʾettēn* *ʾet*-all-*hā-ʾărāṣōt* *hā-ʾēl* and-*hăqîmōtî* *ʾet*-*haš-šəbūʿâ* which *nišbaʿtî* to-*ʾabrāhām* your-father", "grammar": { "*gûr*": "masculine singular imperative of גור - sojourn/dwell temporarily", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the land", "*hazzōt*": "feminine singular demonstrative pronoun - this", "*ʾehyeh*": "1st singular imperfect of היה - I will be", "*ʾăbārekekā*": "1st singular Piel imperfect of ברך + 2nd masculine singular suffix - I will bless you", "*zarʿăkā*": "masculine singular noun + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your seed/offspring", "*ʾettēn*": "1st singular Qal imperfect of נתן - I will give", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*hā-ʾărāṣōt*": "definite article + feminine plural noun - the lands", "*hā-ʾēl*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun - these", "*hăqîmōtî*": "1st singular Hiphil perfect of קום - I will establish/confirm", "*haš-šəbūʿâ*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the oath", "*nišbaʿtî*": "1st singular Niphal perfect of שבע - I swore", "*ʾabrāhām*": "proper noun - Abraham" }, "variants": { "*gûr*": "sojourn/dwell as a foreigner/live temporarily", "*zarʿăkā*": "your seed/your offspring/your descendants", "*hăqîmōtî*": "I will establish/I will fulfill/I will confirm", "*haš-šəbūʿâ*": "the oath/the promise/the sworn statement" } } 4 { "verseID": "Genesis.26.4", "source": "וְהִרְבֵּיתִ֤י אֶֽת־זַרְעֲךָ֙ כְּכוֹכְבֵ֣י הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם וְנָתַתִּ֣י לְזַרְעֲךָ֔ אֵ֥ת כָּל־הָאֲרָצֹ֖ת הָאֵ֑ל וְהִתְבָּרֲכ֣וּ בְזַרְעֲךָ֔ כֹּ֖ל גּוֹיֵ֥י הָאָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "and-*hirbêtî* *ʾet*-*zarʿăkā* like-*kôkəbê* *haš-šāmayim* and-*nātattî* to-*zarʿăkā* *ʾēt* all-*hā-ʾărāṣōt* *hā-ʾēl* and-*hitbārăkû* in-*zarʿăkā* all *gôyê* *hā-ʾāreṣ*", "grammar": { "*hirbêtî*": "1st singular Hiphil perfect of רבה - I will multiply", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*zarʿăkā*": "masculine singular noun + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your seed/offspring", "*kôkəbê*": "masculine plural construct of כוכב - stars of", "*haš-šāmayim*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the heavens", "*nātattî*": "1st singular Qal perfect of נתן - I will give", "*hā-ʾărāṣōt*": "definite article + feminine plural noun - the lands", "*hā-ʾēl*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun - these", "*hitbārăkû*": "3rd plural Hithpael perfect of ברך - they will bless themselves", "*gôyê*": "masculine plural construct of גוי - nations of", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the earth/land" }, "variants": { "*hirbêtî*": "I will multiply/I will increase/I will make numerous", "*zarʿăkā*": "your seed/your offspring/your descendants", "*hitbārăkû*": "they will bless themselves/they will be blessed/they will find blessing" } } 5 { "verseID": "Genesis.26.5", "source": "עֵ֕קֶב אֲשֶׁר־שָׁמַ֥ע אַבְרָהָ֖ם בְּקֹלִ֑י וַיִּשְׁמֹר֙ מִשְׁמַרְתִּ֔י מִצְוֺתַ֖י חֻקּוֹתַ֥י וְתוֹרֹתָֽי׃", "text": "*ʿēqeb* that-*šāmaʿ* *ʾabrāhām* in-my-voice and-*wayyišmōr* my-*mišmartî* my-*miṣwōtay* my-*ḥuqqôtay* and-my-*tôrōtāy*", "grammar": { "*ʿēqeb*": "masculine singular noun - because/as a result", "*šāmaʿ*": "3rd masculine singular Qal perfect of שמע - he obeyed/listened", "*ʾabrāhām*": "proper noun - Abraham", "*wayyišmōr*": "3rd masculine singular Qal imperfect waw-consecutive of שמר - and he kept", "*mišmartî*": "feminine singular noun + 1st singular suffix - my charge/obligation", "*miṣwōtay*": "feminine plural noun + 1st singular suffix - my commandments", "*ḥuqqôtay*": "feminine plural noun + 1st singular suffix - my statutes", "*tôrōtāy*": "feminine plural noun + 1st singular suffix - my laws/instructions" }, "variants": { "*ʿēqeb*": "because/as a consequence/because of the fact", "*šāmaʿ*": "obeyed/listened to/hearkened to", "*mišmartî*": "my charge/my obligation/my requirement/my duty", "*tôrōtāy*": "my laws/my instructions/my teachings" } }
• Gen 32:28 : 28 { "verseID": "Genesis.32.28", "source": "וַיֹּ֥אמֶר אֵלָ֖יו מַה־שְּׁמֶ֑ךָ וַיֹּ֖אמֶר יַעֲקֹֽב׃", "text": "*wə-yōʾmer* to-him what-name-your *wə-yōʾmer yaʿăqōb*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*mah-šəmekā*": "interrogative + masculine singular noun + 2nd masculine singular suffix - what is your name" }, "variants": { "*yōʾmer*": "to say, to speak, to ask", "*šəmekā*": "your name, your renown" } }