19 {
"verseID": "Jeremiah.44.19",
"source": "וְכִֽי־אֲנַ֤חְנוּ מְקַטְּרִים֙ לִמְלֶ֣כֶת הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם וּלְהַסֵּ֥ךְ לָ֖הּ נְסָכִ֑ים הֲמִֽבַּלְעֲדֵ֣י אֲנָשֵׁ֗ינוּ עָשִׂ֨ינוּ לָ֤הּ כַּוָּנִים֙ לְהַ֣עֲצִבָ֔הֿ וְהַסֵּ֥ךְ לָ֖הּ נְסָכִֽים׃",
"text": "And when *ʾănaḥnû məqaṭṭərîm limeleket haššāmayim* and *ləhassēk lāh nəsākîm*, *hămibbalʿădê ʾănāšênû ʿāśînû lāh kawwānîm ləhaʿăṣibāh* and *hassēk lāh nəsākîm*?",
"grammar": {
"*wəkî*": "conjunction + particle - and when/and that",
"*ʾănaḥnû*": "first person plural pronoun - we",
"*məqaṭṭərîm*": "piel participle masculine plural - burning incense/sacrificing",
"*limeleket*": "preposition + noun feminine singular construct - to queen of",
"*haššāmayim*": "definite article + noun masculine plural - the heavens",
"*ləhassēk*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - to pour out",
"*lāh*": "preposition + 3rd feminine singular suffix - to her",
"*nəsākîm*": "noun masculine plural - drink offerings",
"*hămibbalʿădê*": "interrogative + preposition - is it without/apart from",
"*ʾănāšênû*": "noun masculine plural construct + 1st person plural suffix - our husbands/men",
"*ʿāśînû*": "qal perfect 1st person plural - we made",
"*kawwānîm*": "noun masculine plural - cakes/sacrificial cakes",
"*ləhaʿăṣibāh*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct + 3rd feminine singular suffix - to make an image of her/to worship her",
"*hassēk*": "hiphil infinitive construct - pour out"
},
"variants": {
"*məqaṭṭērîm*": "burning incense/making offerings by fire/sacrificing",
"*kawwānîm*": "cakes/sacrificial cakes/moon-shaped cakes",
"*ləhaʿăṣibāh*": "to worship her/to make an image of her/to shape her likeness"
}
}
20 {
"verseID": "Jeremiah.44.20",
"source": "וַיֹּ֥אמֶר יִרְמְיָ֖הוּ אֶל־כָּל־הָעָ֑ם עַל־הַגְּבָרִ֤ים וְעַל־הַנָּשִׁים֙ וְעַל־כָּל־הָעָ֔ם הָעֹנִ֥ים אֹת֛וֹ דָּבָ֖ר לֵאמֹֽר׃",
"text": "*wayyōʾmer yirməyāhû* to all the *ʿām*, to the *gəbārîm* and to the *nāšîm* and to all the *ʿām* the ones *hāʿōnîm ʾōtô dābār* saying:",
"grammar": {
"*wayyōʾmer*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - and he said",
"*yirməyāhû*": "proper noun - Jeremiah",
"*ʿām*": "noun masculine singular - people",
"*gəbārîm*": "noun masculine plural - men/strong men",
"*nāšîm*": "noun feminine plural - women",
"*hāʿōnîm*": "definite article + qal participle masculine plural - the ones answering",
"*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine singular suffix - him",
"*dābār*": "noun masculine singular - word/matter"
},
"variants": {
"*gəbārîm*": "men/strong men/warriors",
"*ʿānāh*": "answering/responding/replying"
}
}
21 {
"verseID": "Jeremiah.44.21",
"source": "הֲל֣וֹא אֶת־הַקִּטֵּ֗ר אֲשֶׁ֨ר קִטַּרְתֶּ֜ם בְּעָרֵ֤י יְהוּדָה֙ וּבְחֻצ֣וֹת יְרוּשָׁלִַ֔ם אַתֶּ֧ם וַאֲבֽוֹתֵיכֶ֛ם מַלְכֵיכֶ֥ם וְשָׂרֵיכֶ֖ם וְעַ֣ם הָאָ֑רֶץ אֹתָם֙ זָכַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה וַֽתַּעֲלֶ֖ה עַל־לִבּֽוֹ׃",
"text": "*hălôʾ ʾet-haqqiṭṭēr ʾăšer qiṭṭartem* in the cities of *yəhûdāh* and in the streets of *yərûšālaim*, you and your *ʾăbôtêkem*, your *malkêkem* and your *śārêkem* and the *ʿam hāʾāreṣ*, *ʾōtām zākar YHWH wattaʿăleh ʿal-libbô*.",
"grammar": {
"*hălôʾ*": "interrogative + negative particle - is not",
"*ʾet-haqqiṭṭēr*": "direct object marker + definite article + noun masculine singular - the incense burning",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which",
"*qiṭṭartem*": "piel perfect 2nd masculine plural - you burned/offered",
"*ʾăbôtêkem*": "noun masculine plural construct + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your fathers",
"*malkêkem*": "noun masculine plural construct + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your kings",
"*śārêkem*": "noun masculine plural construct + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your princes/officials",
"*ʿam*": "noun masculine singular construct - people of",
"*hāʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun feminine singular - the land",
"*ʾōtām*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine plural suffix - them",
"*zākar*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - remembered",
"*wattaʿăleh*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular consecutive - and it came up",
"*ʿal-libbô*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - upon his heart"
},
"variants": {
"*qiṭṭēr*": "incense burning/sacrificing/making offerings",
"*ʿam hāʾāreṣ*": "people of the land/common people/population",
"*zākar*": "remembered/recalled/took note of",
"*ʿālāh ʿal-lēb*": "came up upon heart/came to mind/remembered"
}
}
22 {
"verseID": "Jeremiah.44.22",
"source": "וְלֹֽא־יוּכַל֩ יְהוָ֨ה ע֜וֹד לָשֵׂ֗את מִפְּנֵי֙ רֹ֣עַ מַעַלְלֵיכֶ֔ם מִפְּנֵ֥י הַתּוֹעֵבֹ֖ת אֲשֶׁ֣ר עֲשִׂיתֶ֑ם וַתְּהִ֣י אַ֠רְצְכֶם לְחָרְבָּ֨ה וּלְשַׁמָּ֧ה וְלִקְלָלָ֛ה מֵאֵ֥ין יוֹשֵׁ֖ב כְּהַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃",
"text": "*wəlōʾ-yûkal YHWH ʿôd lāśēʾt mippənê rōaʿ maʿalələkem mippənê hattôʿēbōt ʾăšer ʿăśîtem*, *wattəhî ʾarṣəkem ləḥorbāh ûləšammāh wəliqlālāh mēʾên yôšēb* as *hayyôm hazzeh*.",
"grammar": {
"*wəlōʾ-yûkal*": "conjunction + negative particle + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he could not",
"*ʿôd*": "adverb - still/anymore/yet",
"*lāśēʾt*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to bear/endure",
"*mippənê*": "preposition + noun masculine plural construct - from before/because of",
"*rōaʿ*": "noun masculine singular construct - evil of",
"*maʿalələkem*": "noun masculine plural construct + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your deeds",
"*hattôʿēbōt*": "definite article + noun feminine plural - the abominations",
"*ʿăśîtem*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine plural - you did",
"*wattəhî*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular consecutive - and it became",
"*ʾarṣəkem*": "noun feminine singular construct + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your land",
"*ləḥorbāh*": "preposition + noun feminine singular - to desolation",
"*ûləšammāh*": "conjunction + preposition + noun feminine singular - and to horror/waste",
"*wəliqlālāh*": "conjunction + preposition + noun feminine singular - and to curse",
"*mēʾên*": "preposition + construct particle - from without",
"*yôšēb*": "qal participle masculine singular - dweller/inhabitant",
"*hayyôm*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the day",
"*hazzeh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun - this"
},
"variants": {
"*yûkal*": "was able/could/had power",
"*lāśēʾt*": "to bear/endure/tolerate",
"*rōaʿ*": "evil/wickedness/badness",
"*maʿălāl*": "deeds/practices/actions",
"*tôʿēbāh*": "abomination/detestable thing/abhorrent practice",
"*ḥorbāh*": "desolation/waste/ruin",
"*šammāh*": "horror/waste/astonishment",
"*qəlālāh*": "curse/cursing/malediction"
}
}
23 {
"verseID": "Jeremiah.44.23",
"source": "מִפְּנֵי֩ אֲשֶׁ֨ר קִטַּרְתֶּ֜ם וַאֲשֶׁ֧ר חֲטָאתֶ֣ם לַיהוָ֗ה וְלֹ֤א שְׁמַעְתֶּם֙ בְּק֣וֹל יְהוָ֔ה וּבְתֹרָת֧וֹ וּבְחֻקֹּתָ֛יו וּבְעֵדְוֺתָ֖יו לֹ֣א הֲלַכְתֶּ֑ם עַל־כֵּ֞ן קָרָ֥את אֶתְכֶ֛ם הָרָעָ֥ה הַזֹּ֖את כַּיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃",
"text": "*mippənê ʾăšer qiṭṭartem waʾăšer ḥăṭāʾtem laYHWH*, and *wəlōʾ šəmaʿtem bəqôl YHWH*, and in his *tôrātô* and in his *ḥuqqōtāw* and in his *ʿēdəwōtāw* not *hălaktem*; *ʿal-kēn qārāʾt ʾetkem hārāʿāh hazzōʾt kayyôm hazzeh*.",
"grammar": {
"*mippənê*": "preposition + noun masculine plural construct - from before/because of",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - because/that",
"*qiṭṭartem*": "piel perfect 2nd masculine plural - you burned incense/sacrificed",
"*waʾăšer*": "conjunction + relative pronoun - and because",
"*ḥăṭāʾtem*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine plural - you sinned",
"*laYHWH*": "preposition + proper noun - against YHWH",
"*wəlōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not",
"*šəmaʿtem*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine plural - you heard/listened/obeyed",
"*bəqôl*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - to voice of",
"*tôrātô*": "noun feminine singular construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his law/instruction",
"*ḥuqqōtāw*": "noun feminine plural construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his statutes",
"*ʿēdəwōtāw*": "noun feminine plural construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his testimonies",
"*hălaktem*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine plural - you walked",
"*ʿal-kēn*": "preposition + adverb - therefore",
"*qārāʾt*": "qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - it has happened/befallen",
"*ʾetkem*": "direct object marker + 2nd masculine plural suffix - you",
"*hārāʿāh*": "definite article + noun feminine singular - the evil/calamity",
"*hazzōʾt*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun feminine singular - this",
"*kayyôm*": "preposition + definite article + noun masculine singular - as the day",
"*hazzeh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun masculine singular - this"
},
"variants": {
"*qiṭṭēr*": "burned incense/made offerings/sacrificed",
"*ḥāṭāʾ*": "sinned/missed the mark/offended",
"*šāmaʿ*": "heard/listened/obeyed",
"*tôrāh*": "law/instruction/teaching",
"*ḥuqqāh*": "statute/ordinance/decree",
"*ʿēdût*": "testimony/witness/reminder",
"*hālak*": "walked/went/followed",
"*qārāʾ*": "happened/met/befallen"
}
}
24 {
"verseID": "Jeremiah.44.24",
"source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יִרְמְיָ֙הוּ֙ אֶל־כָּל־הָעָ֔ם וְאֶ֖ל כָּל־הַנָּשִׁ֑ים שִׁמְעוּ֙ דְּבַר־יְהוָ֔ה כָּל־יְהוּדָ֕ה אֲשֶׁ֖ר בְּאֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃",
"text": "*wayyōʾmer yirməyāhû* to all the *ʿām* and to all the *nāšîm*, *šimʿû dəbar-YHWH*, all *yəhûdāh* who are in *ʾereṣ miṣrāyim*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyōʾmer*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - and he said",
"*yirməyāhû*": "proper noun - Jeremiah",
"*ʿām*": "noun masculine singular - people",
"*nāšîm*": "noun feminine plural - women",
"*šimʿû*": "qal imperative masculine plural - hear/listen",
"*dəbar*": "noun masculine singular construct - word of",
"*yəhûdāh*": "proper noun - Judah",
"*ʾereṣ*": "noun feminine singular construct - land of",
"*miṣrāyim*": "proper noun - Egypt"
},
"variants": {
"*šāmaʿ*": "hear/listen/obey",
"*dābār*": "word/matter/thing/speech"
}
}
25 {
"verseID": "Jeremiah.44.25",
"source": "כֹּֽה־אָמַ֣ר יְהוָֽה־צְבָאוֹת֩ אֱלֹהֵ֨י יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל לֵאמֹ֗ר אַתֶּ֨ם וּנְשֵׁיכֶ֜ם וַתְּדַבֵּ֣רְנָה בְּפִיכֶם֮ וּבִידֵיכֶ֣ם מִלֵּאתֶ֣ם ׀ לֵאמֹר֒ עָשֹׂ֨ה נַעֲשֶׂ֜ה אֶת־נְדָרֵ֗ינוּ אֲשֶׁ֤ר נָדַ֙רְנוּ֙ לְקַטֵּר֙ לִמְלֶ֣כֶת הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם וּלְהַסֵּ֥ךְ לָ֖הּ נְסָכִ֑ים הָקֵ֤ים תָּקִ֙ימְנָה֙ אֶת־נִדְרֵיכֶ֔ם וְעָשֹׂ֥ה תַעֲשֶׂ֖ינָה אֶת־נִדְרֵיכֶֽם׃ פ",
"text": "*kōh-ʾāmar* *YHWH-ṣəbāʾôt* *ʾĕlōhê* *yiśrāʾēl* *lēʾmōr* you and *nəšêḵem* *wattədabbērnâ* with-*pîḵem* and-with-*yədêḵem* *millēʾtem* *lēʾmōr* *ʿāśō* *naʿăśeh* *ʾet*-*nədārênû* *ʾăšer* *nādarənû* *ləqaṭṭēr* to-*meleket* *haššāmayim* and-*ləhassēḵ* to-her *nəsāḵîm* *hāqêm* *tāqîmənâ* *ʾet*-*nidrêḵem* and-*ʿāśōh* *taʿăśeynâ* *ʾet*-*nidrêḵem*",
"grammar": {
"*kōh-ʾāmar*": "adverb + Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'thus said'",
"*YHWH-ṣəbāʾôt*": "divine name + plural noun construct - 'YHWH of hosts'",
"*ʾĕlōhê*": "noun construct, masculine singular - 'God of'",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - 'Israel'",
"*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - 'saying'",
"*nəšêḵem*": "noun, feminine plural + 2nd masculine plural suffix - 'your wives'",
"*wattədabbērnâ*": "Waw consecutive + Piel imperfect, 3rd feminine plural - 'and they spoke'",
"*pîḵem*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine plural suffix - 'your mouth'",
"*yədêḵem*": "noun, feminine dual + 2nd masculine plural suffix - 'your hands'",
"*millēʾtem*": "Piel perfect, 2nd masculine plural - 'you have fulfilled/completed'",
"*ʿāśō*": "Qal infinitive absolute - 'doing'",
"*naʿăśeh*": "Qal imperfect, 1st common plural - 'we will do'",
"*nədārênû*": "noun, masculine plural + 1st common plural suffix - 'our vows'",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - 'which'",
"*nādarənû*": "Qal perfect, 1st common plural - 'we have vowed'",
"*ləqaṭṭēr*": "preposition + Piel infinitive construct - 'to burn incense'",
"*meleket*": "noun, feminine singular construct - 'queen of'",
"*haššāmayim*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - 'the heavens'",
"*ləhassēḵ*": "preposition + Hiphil infinitive construct - 'to pour out'",
"*nəsāḵîm*": "noun, masculine plural - 'drink offerings'",
"*hāqêm*": "Hiphil infinitive absolute - 'establishing'",
"*tāqîmənâ*": "Hiphil imperfect, 2nd feminine plural - 'you (f) will establish'",
"*nidrêḵem*": "noun, masculine plural + 2nd masculine plural suffix - 'your vows'",
"*ʿāśōh*": "Qal infinitive absolute - 'doing'",
"*taʿăśeynâ*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd feminine plural - 'you (f) will do'",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker"
},
"variants": {
"*kōh*": "thus/so/in this manner",
"*ʾāmar*": "said/declared/spoke",
"*ṣəbāʾôt*": "hosts/armies",
"*ʾĕlōhê*": "God of",
"*lēʾmōr*": "saying/to say",
"*wattədabbērnâ*": "and they speak/declare/pronounce",
"*millēʾtem*": "you have fulfilled/completed/performed",
"*ləqaṭṭēr*": "to burn incense/make sacrificial smoke",
"*meleket*": "queen of/work of/service of",
"*haššāmayim*": "the heavens/sky",
"*ləhassēḵ*": "to pour out/offer libations",
"*nəsāḵîm*": "drink offerings/libations",
"*hāqêm*": "establishing/confirming/fulfilling",
"*tāqîmənâ*": "you will establish/confirm/fulfill",
"*taʿăśeynâ*": "you will do/perform/accomplish"
}
}