16{
"verseID": "Joshua.8.16",
"source": "וַיִּזָּעֲק֗וּ כָּל־הָעָם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בָּעַ֔י לִרְדֹּ֖ף אַחֲרֵיהֶ֑ם וַֽיִּרְדְּפוּ֙ אַחֲרֵ֣י יְהוֹשֻׁ֔עַ וַיִּנָּתְק֖וּ מִן־הָעִֽיר׃",
"text": "And *wayyizzāʿăqû* all-the-*ʿām* who in-*hāʿay* to-*lirdōp̄* after-them and-*wayyirdəp̄û* after *Yəhôšuaʿ* and-*wayyinnātəqû* from-the-*ʿîr*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyizzāʿăqû*": "Niphal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they were called together/summoned",
"*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the people",
"*hāʿay*": "proper noun with definite article - the Ai",
"*lirdōp̄*": "Qal infinitive construct with preposition - to pursue",
"*wayyirdəp̄û*": "Qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they pursued",
"*wayyinnātəqû*": "Niphal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they were drawn away/separated",
"*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the city"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyizzāʿăqû*": "were summoned/were called out/were mustered",
"*ʿām*": "people/population/folk",
"*wayyinnātəqû*": "were drawn away/were separated/were pulled away"
}
}
17{
"verseID": "Joshua.8.17",
"source": "וְלֹֽא־נִשְׁאַ֣ר אִ֗ישׁ בָּעַי֙ וּבֵ֣ית אֵ֔ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹֽא־יָצְא֖וּ אַחֲרֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיַּעַזְב֤וּ אֶת־הָעִיר֙ פְּתוּחָ֔ה וַֽיִּרְדְּפ֖וּ אַחֲרֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃",
"text": "And-not-*nišʾar* *ʾîš* in-*hāʿay* and-*bêt* *ʾēl* who not-*yāṣəʾû* after *Yiśrāʾēl* and-*wayyaʿazḇû* [direct object marker]-the-*ʿîr* *pətuḥâ* and-*wayyirdəp̄û* after *Yiśrāʾēl*.",
"grammar": {
"*nišʾar*": "Niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - was left/remained",
"*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man/person",
"*hāʿay*": "proper noun with definite article - the Ai",
"*bêt*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of",
"*ʾēl*": "proper noun - El/Bethel",
"*yāṣəʾû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine plural - they went out",
"*wayyaʿazḇû*": "Qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they left/abandoned",
"*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the city",
"*pətuḥâ*": "Qal passive participle, feminine singular - opened/open",
"*wayyirdəp̄û*": "Qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they pursued"
},
"variants": {
"*nišʾar*": "remained/was left/stayed behind",
"*ʾîš*": "man/person/anyone",
"*bêt ʾēl*": "Bethel (place name)/house of El",
"*wayyaʿazḇû*": "left/abandoned/forsook",
"*pətuḥâ*": "open/opened/unguarded"
}
}
18{
"verseID": "Joshua.8.18",
"source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֶל־יְהוֹשֻׁ֗עַ נְ֠טֵה בַּכִּיד֤וֹן אֲשֶׁר־בְּיָֽדְךָ֙ אֶל־הָעַ֔י כִּ֥י בְיָדְךָ֖ אֶתְּנֶ֑נָּה וַיֵּ֧ט יְהוֹשֻׁ֛עַ בַּכִּיד֥וֹן אֲשֶׁר־בְּיָד֖וֹ אֶל־הָעִֽיר׃",
"text": "And-*wayyōʾmer* *YHWH* to-*Yəhôšuaʿ* *nəṭēh* with-the-*kîdôn* which-in-your-hand to-*hāʿay* for in-your-hand *ʾettənennâ* and-*wayyēṭ* *Yəhôšuaʿ* with-the-*kîdôn* which-in-his-hand to-the-*ʿîr*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyōʾmer*": "Qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/the LORD",
"*Yəhôšuaʿ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Joshua",
"*nəṭēh*": "Qal imperative, masculine singular - stretch out/extend",
"*kîdôn*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the javelin/spear",
"*hāʿay*": "proper noun with definite article - the Ai",
"*ʾettənennâ*": "Qal imperfect, 1st singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - I will give it",
"*wayyēṭ*": "Qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he stretched out",
"*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the city"
},
"variants": {
"*nəṭēh*": "stretch out/extend/point",
"*kîdôn*": "javelin/spear/lance",
"*ʾettənennâ*": "I will give it/I will deliver it/I will place it"
}
}
19{
"verseID": "Joshua.8.19",
"source": "וְהָאוֹרֵ֡ב קָם֩ מְהֵרָ֨ה מִמְּקוֹמ֤וֹ וַיָּר֙וּצוּ֙ כִּנְט֣וֹת יָד֔וֹ וַיָּבֹ֥אוּ הָעִ֖יר וַֽיִּלְכְּד֑וּהָ וַֽיְמַהֲר֔וּ וַיַּצִּ֥יתוּ אֶת־הָעִ֖יר בָּאֵֽשׁ׃",
"text": "And-the-*ʾôrēḇ* *qām* *məhērâ* from-*məqômô* and-*wayyāruṣû* when-*kinṭôt* his-hand and-*wayyāḇōʾû* the-*ʿîr* and-*wayyilkədûhā* and-*wayəmahărû* and-*wayyaṣṣîtû* [direct object marker]-the-*ʿîr* with-the-*ʾēš*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾôrēḇ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular with definite article - the one lying in ambush/the ambusher",
"*qām*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - arose/stood up",
"*məhērâ*": "adverb - quickly/hastily",
"*məqômô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his place",
"*wayyāruṣû*": "Qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they ran",
"*kinṭôt*": "Qal infinitive construct with preposition - when stretching out",
"*wayyāḇōʾû*": "Qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they entered",
"*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the city",
"*wayyilkədûhā*": "Qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural with 3rd feminine singular suffix - and they captured it",
"*wayəmahărû*": "Piel waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they hastened",
"*wayyaṣṣîtû*": "Hiphil waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they set",
"*ʾēš*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the fire"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾôrēḇ*": "ambusher/one lying in ambush/ambuscade",
"*qām*": "arose/stood up/got up",
"*məhērâ*": "quickly/hastily/speedily",
"*kinṭôt*": "when stretching out/as he extended",
"*wayyilkədûhā*": "captured it/seized it/took it",
"*wayəmahărû*": "hastened/hurried/did quickly",
"*wayyaṣṣîtû*": "set on fire/kindled/ignited"
}
}
20{
"verseID": "Joshua.8.20",
"source": "וַיִּפְנ֣וּ אַנְשֵׁי֩ הָעַ֨י אַחֲרֵיהֶ֜ם וַיִּרְא֗וּ וְהִנֵּ֨ה עָלָ֜ה עֲשַׁ֤ן הָעִיר֙ הַשָּׁמַ֔יְמָה וְלֹא־הָיָ֨ה בָהֶ֥ם יָדַ֛יִם לָנ֖וּס הֵ֣נָּה וָהֵ֑נָּה וְהָעָם֙ הַנָּ֣ס הַמִּדְבָּ֔ר נֶהְפַּ֖ךְ אֶל־הָרוֹדֵֽף׃",
"text": "And-*wayyip̄nû* *ʾanšê* *hāʿay* behind-them and-*wayyirʾû* and-*hinnēh* *ʿālâ* *ʿăšan* the-*ʿîr* the-*šāmayəmâ* and-not-*hāyâ* in-them *yādayim* to-*lānûs* here and-here and-the-*ʿām* the-*nās* the-*midbār* *nehpaḵ* to-the-*rôdēp̄*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyip̄nû*": "Qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they turned",
"*ʾanšê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - men of",
"*hāʿay*": "proper noun with definite article - the Ai",
"*wayyirʾû*": "Qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they saw",
"*hinnēh*": "interjection - behold/lo",
"*ʿālâ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - went up",
"*ʿăšan*": "noun, masculine singular construct - smoke of",
"*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the city",
"*šāmayəmâ*": "noun, masculine dual with directional heh - toward the heavens",
"*hāyâ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - was/existed",
"*yādayim*": "noun, feminine dual - hands/power/ability",
"*lānûs*": "Qal infinitive construct with preposition - to flee",
"*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the people",
"*nās*": "Qal participle, masculine singular with definite article - the one fleeing",
"*midbār*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the wilderness",
"*nehpaḵ*": "Niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - was turned",
"*rôdēp̄*": "Qal participle, masculine singular with definite article - the one pursuing"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyip̄nû*": "turned/looked back/faced around",
"*ʾanšê*": "men of/people of/warriors of",
"*hinnēh*": "behold/look/see",
"*ʿālâ*": "went up/ascended/rose",
"*ʿăšan*": "smoke/vapor",
"*šāmayəmâ*": "toward the heavens/skyward",
"*yādayim*": "hands/power/ability/strength",
"*lānûs*": "to flee/to escape",
"*nās*": "fleeing/escaping",
"*nehpaḵ*": "was turned/turned about/changed direction",
"*rôdēp̄*": "pursuer/one pursuing/chaser"
}
}
21{
"verseID": "Joshua.8.21",
"source": "וִיהוֹשֻׁ֨עַ וְכָֽל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל רָא֗וּ כִּֽי־לָכַ֤ד הָֽאֹרֵב֙ אֶת־הָעִ֔יר וְכִ֥י עָלָ֖ה עֲשַׁ֣ן הָעִ֑יר וַיָּשֻׁ֕בוּ וַיַּכּ֖וּ אֶת־אַנְשֵׁ֥י הָעָֽי׃",
"text": "And-*Yəhôšuaʿ* and-all-*Yiśrāʾēl* *rāʾû* that-*lāḵad* the-*ʾōrēḇ* [direct object marker]-the-*ʿîr* and-that *ʿālâ* *ʿăšan* the-*ʿîr* and-*wayyāšuḇû* and-*wayyakkû* [direct object marker]-*ʾanšê* *hāʿāy*.",
"grammar": {
"*Yəhôšuaʿ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Joshua",
"*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun, masculine singular collective - Israel",
"*rāʾû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine plural - they saw",
"*lāḵad*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - captured/seized",
"*ʾōrēḇ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular with definite article - the one lying in ambush",
"*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the city",
"*ʿālâ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - went up",
"*ʿăšan*": "noun, masculine singular construct - smoke of",
"*wayyāšuḇû*": "Qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they returned",
"*wayyakkû*": "Hiphil waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they struck",
"*ʾanšê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - men of",
"*hāʿāy*": "proper noun with definite article - the Ai"
},
"variants": {
"*rāʾû*": "saw/perceived/noticed",
"*lāḵad*": "captured/seized/took",
"*ʾōrēḇ*": "ambusher/one lying in ambush",
"*ʿālâ*": "went up/ascended/rose",
"*ʿăšan*": "smoke/vapor",
"*wayyāšuḇû*": "returned/turned back/turned around",
"*wayyakkû*": "struck/smote/attacked"
}
}
22{
"verseID": "Joshua.8.22",
"source": "וְאֵ֨לֶּה יָצְא֤וּ מִן־הָעִיר֙ לִקְרָאתָ֔ם וַיִּֽהְי֤וּ לְיִשְׂרָאֵל֙ בַּתָּ֔וֶךְ אֵ֥לֶּה מִזֶּ֖ה וְאֵ֣לֶּה מִזֶּ֑ה וַיַּכּ֣וּ אוֹתָ֔ם עַד־בִּלְתִּ֥י הִשְׁאִֽיר־ל֖וֹ שָׂרִ֥יד וּפָלִֽיט׃",
"text": "And-*ʾēlleh* *yāṣəʾû* from-the-*ʿîr* to-*liqrātām* and-*wayyihyû* to-*Yiśrāʾēl* in-the-*tāweḵ* *ʾēlleh* from-this and-*ʾēlleh* from-this and-*wayyakkû* them until-*biltî* *hišʾîr*-to-him *śārîd* and-*pālîṭ*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine plural - these",
"*yāṣəʾû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine plural - they went out",
"*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the city",
"*liqrātām*": "preposition with infinitive construct and 3rd masculine plural suffix - to meet them",
"*wayyihyû*": "Qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they were",
"*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun, masculine singular collective - Israel",
"*tāweḵ*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the midst",
"*wayyakkû*": "Hiphil waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they struck",
"*biltî*": "conjunction - not",
"*hišʾîr*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - to leave",
"*śārîd*": "noun, masculine singular - survivor",
"*pālîṭ*": "noun, masculine singular - escapee"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾēlleh*": "these/those",
"*yāṣəʾû*": "went out/came out/emerged",
"*liqrātām*": "to meet them/to encounter them",
"*tāweḵ*": "midst/middle/between",
"*wayyakkû*": "struck/smote/attacked",
"*biltî*": "not/without",
"*hišʾîr*": "to leave/to let remain",
"*śārîd*": "survivor/remnant/one remaining",
"*pālîṭ*": "escapee/fugitive/one who escapes"
}
}
23{
"verseID": "Joshua.8.23",
"source": "וְאֶת־מֶ֥לֶךְ הָעַ֖י תָּ֣פְשׂוּ חָ֑י וַיַּקְרִ֥בוּ אֹת֖וֹ אֶל־יְהוֹשֻֽׁעַ׃",
"text": "And-[direct object marker]-*meleḵ* *hāʿay* *tāp̄śû* *ḥāy* and-*wayyaqriḇû* him to-*Yəhôšuaʿ*.",
"grammar": {
"*meleḵ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of",
"*hāʿay*": "proper noun with definite article - the Ai",
"*tāp̄śû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine plural - they seized",
"*ḥāy*": "adjective, masculine singular - alive/living",
"*wayyaqriḇû*": "Hiphil waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they brought near",
"*Yəhôšuaʿ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Joshua"
},
"variants": {
"*tāp̄śû*": "seized/captured/caught",
"*ḥāy*": "alive/living/life",
"*wayyaqriḇû*": "brought near/brought/presented"
}
}
24{
"verseID": "Joshua.8.24",
"source": "וַיְהִ֣י כְּכַלּ֣וֹת יִשְׂרָאֵ֡ל לַהֲרֹג֩ אֶת־כָּל־יֹשְׁבֵ֨י הָעַ֜י בַּשָּׂדֶ֗ה בַּמִּדְבָּר֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר רְדָפ֣וּם בּ֔וֹ וַֽיִּפְּל֥וּ כֻלָּ֛ם לְפִי־חֶ֖רֶב עַד־תֻּמָּ֑ם וַיָּשֻׁ֤בוּ כָל־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ הָעַ֔י וַיַּכּ֥וּ אֹתָ֖הּ לְפִי־חָֽרֶב׃",
"text": "And-*wayəhî* when-*kəḵallôt* *Yiśrāʾēl* to-*lahărōg* [direct object marker]-all-*yōšḇê* *hāʿay* in-the-*śādeh* in-the-*midbār* which *rədāp̄ûm* in-it and-*wayyippəlû* all-of-them to-*pî*-*ḥereḇ* until-*tummām* and-*wayyāšuḇû* all-*Yiśrāʾēl* *hāʿay* and-*wayyakkû* it to-*pî*-*ḥāreḇ*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayəhî*": "Qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it happened",
"*kəḵallôt*": "Piel infinitive construct with preposition - when finishing",
"*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun, masculine singular collective - Israel",
"*lahărōg*": "Qal infinitive construct with preposition - to kill",
"*yōšḇê*": "Qal participle, masculine plural construct - inhabitants of",
"*hāʿay*": "proper noun with definite article - the Ai",
"*śādeh*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the field",
"*midbār*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the wilderness",
"*rədāp̄ûm*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - they pursued them",
"*wayyippəlû*": "Qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they fell",
"*pî*": "noun, masculine singular construct - mouth of/edge of",
"*ḥereḇ*": "noun, feminine singular - sword",
"*tummām*": "Qal infinitive construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their completion/until they were finished",
"*wayyāšuḇû*": "Qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they returned",
"*wayyakkû*": "Hiphil waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they struck",
"*ḥāreḇ*": "noun, feminine singular - sword"
},
"variants": {
"*wayəhî*": "and it happened/and it came to pass",
"*kəḵallôt*": "when finishing/when completed/when ended",
"*lahărōg*": "to kill/to slay",
"*yōšḇê*": "inhabitants of/dwellers in/residents of",
"*śādeh*": "field/open country/land",
"*midbār*": "wilderness/desert/uninhabited land",
"*rədāp̄ûm*": "pursued them/chased them",
"*wayyippəlû*": "fell/were slain",
"*pî-ḥereḇ*": "edge of the sword/by the sword",
"*tummām*": "their completion/until they were finished/to their end",
"*wayyāšuḇû*": "returned/turned back",
"*wayyakkû*": "struck/smote/attacked"
}
}