18{
"verseID": "Joshua.8.18",
"source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֶל־יְהוֹשֻׁ֗עַ נְ֠טֵה בַּכִּיד֤וֹן אֲשֶׁר־בְּיָֽדְךָ֙ אֶל־הָעַ֔י כִּ֥י בְיָדְךָ֖ אֶתְּנֶ֑נָּה וַיֵּ֧ט יְהוֹשֻׁ֛עַ בַּכִּיד֥וֹן אֲשֶׁר־בְּיָד֖וֹ אֶל־הָעִֽיר׃",
"text": "And-*wayyōʾmer* *YHWH* to-*Yəhôšuaʿ* *nəṭēh* with-the-*kîdôn* which-in-your-hand to-*hāʿay* for in-your-hand *ʾettənennâ* and-*wayyēṭ* *Yəhôšuaʿ* with-the-*kîdôn* which-in-his-hand to-the-*ʿîr*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyōʾmer*": "Qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/the LORD",
"*Yəhôšuaʿ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Joshua",
"*nəṭēh*": "Qal imperative, masculine singular - stretch out/extend",
"*kîdôn*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the javelin/spear",
"*hāʿay*": "proper noun with definite article - the Ai",
"*ʾettənennâ*": "Qal imperfect, 1st singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - I will give it",
"*wayyēṭ*": "Qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he stretched out",
"*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the city"
},
"variants": {
"*nəṭēh*": "stretch out/extend/point",
"*kîdôn*": "javelin/spear/lance",
"*ʾettənennâ*": "I will give it/I will deliver it/I will place it"
}
}
19{
"verseID": "Joshua.8.19",
"source": "וְהָאוֹרֵ֡ב קָם֩ מְהֵרָ֨ה מִמְּקוֹמ֤וֹ וַיָּר֙וּצוּ֙ כִּנְט֣וֹת יָד֔וֹ וַיָּבֹ֥אוּ הָעִ֖יר וַֽיִּלְכְּד֑וּהָ וַֽיְמַהֲר֔וּ וַיַּצִּ֥יתוּ אֶת־הָעִ֖יר בָּאֵֽשׁ׃",
"text": "And-the-*ʾôrēḇ* *qām* *məhērâ* from-*məqômô* and-*wayyāruṣû* when-*kinṭôt* his-hand and-*wayyāḇōʾû* the-*ʿîr* and-*wayyilkədûhā* and-*wayəmahărû* and-*wayyaṣṣîtû* [direct object marker]-the-*ʿîr* with-the-*ʾēš*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾôrēḇ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular with definite article - the one lying in ambush/the ambusher",
"*qām*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - arose/stood up",
"*məhērâ*": "adverb - quickly/hastily",
"*məqômô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his place",
"*wayyāruṣû*": "Qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they ran",
"*kinṭôt*": "Qal infinitive construct with preposition - when stretching out",
"*wayyāḇōʾû*": "Qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they entered",
"*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the city",
"*wayyilkədûhā*": "Qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural with 3rd feminine singular suffix - and they captured it",
"*wayəmahărû*": "Piel waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they hastened",
"*wayyaṣṣîtû*": "Hiphil waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they set",
"*ʾēš*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the fire"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾôrēḇ*": "ambusher/one lying in ambush/ambuscade",
"*qām*": "arose/stood up/got up",
"*məhērâ*": "quickly/hastily/speedily",
"*kinṭôt*": "when stretching out/as he extended",
"*wayyilkədûhā*": "captured it/seized it/took it",
"*wayəmahărû*": "hastened/hurried/did quickly",
"*wayyaṣṣîtû*": "set on fire/kindled/ignited"
}
}
20{
"verseID": "Joshua.8.20",
"source": "וַיִּפְנ֣וּ אַנְשֵׁי֩ הָעַ֨י אַחֲרֵיהֶ֜ם וַיִּרְא֗וּ וְהִנֵּ֨ה עָלָ֜ה עֲשַׁ֤ן הָעִיר֙ הַשָּׁמַ֔יְמָה וְלֹא־הָיָ֨ה בָהֶ֥ם יָדַ֛יִם לָנ֖וּס הֵ֣נָּה וָהֵ֑נָּה וְהָעָם֙ הַנָּ֣ס הַמִּדְבָּ֔ר נֶהְפַּ֖ךְ אֶל־הָרוֹדֵֽף׃",
"text": "And-*wayyip̄nû* *ʾanšê* *hāʿay* behind-them and-*wayyirʾû* and-*hinnēh* *ʿālâ* *ʿăšan* the-*ʿîr* the-*šāmayəmâ* and-not-*hāyâ* in-them *yādayim* to-*lānûs* here and-here and-the-*ʿām* the-*nās* the-*midbār* *nehpaḵ* to-the-*rôdēp̄*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyip̄nû*": "Qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they turned",
"*ʾanšê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - men of",
"*hāʿay*": "proper noun with definite article - the Ai",
"*wayyirʾû*": "Qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they saw",
"*hinnēh*": "interjection - behold/lo",
"*ʿālâ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - went up",
"*ʿăšan*": "noun, masculine singular construct - smoke of",
"*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the city",
"*šāmayəmâ*": "noun, masculine dual with directional heh - toward the heavens",
"*hāyâ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - was/existed",
"*yādayim*": "noun, feminine dual - hands/power/ability",
"*lānûs*": "Qal infinitive construct with preposition - to flee",
"*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the people",
"*nās*": "Qal participle, masculine singular with definite article - the one fleeing",
"*midbār*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the wilderness",
"*nehpaḵ*": "Niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - was turned",
"*rôdēp̄*": "Qal participle, masculine singular with definite article - the one pursuing"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyip̄nû*": "turned/looked back/faced around",
"*ʾanšê*": "men of/people of/warriors of",
"*hinnēh*": "behold/look/see",
"*ʿālâ*": "went up/ascended/rose",
"*ʿăšan*": "smoke/vapor",
"*šāmayəmâ*": "toward the heavens/skyward",
"*yādayim*": "hands/power/ability/strength",
"*lānûs*": "to flee/to escape",
"*nās*": "fleeing/escaping",
"*nehpaḵ*": "was turned/turned about/changed direction",
"*rôdēp̄*": "pursuer/one pursuing/chaser"
}
}
21{
"verseID": "Joshua.8.21",
"source": "וִיהוֹשֻׁ֨עַ וְכָֽל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל רָא֗וּ כִּֽי־לָכַ֤ד הָֽאֹרֵב֙ אֶת־הָעִ֔יר וְכִ֥י עָלָ֖ה עֲשַׁ֣ן הָעִ֑יר וַיָּשֻׁ֕בוּ וַיַּכּ֖וּ אֶת־אַנְשֵׁ֥י הָעָֽי׃",
"text": "And-*Yəhôšuaʿ* and-all-*Yiśrāʾēl* *rāʾû* that-*lāḵad* the-*ʾōrēḇ* [direct object marker]-the-*ʿîr* and-that *ʿālâ* *ʿăšan* the-*ʿîr* and-*wayyāšuḇû* and-*wayyakkû* [direct object marker]-*ʾanšê* *hāʿāy*.",
"grammar": {
"*Yəhôšuaʿ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Joshua",
"*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun, masculine singular collective - Israel",
"*rāʾû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine plural - they saw",
"*lāḵad*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - captured/seized",
"*ʾōrēḇ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular with definite article - the one lying in ambush",
"*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the city",
"*ʿālâ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - went up",
"*ʿăšan*": "noun, masculine singular construct - smoke of",
"*wayyāšuḇû*": "Qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they returned",
"*wayyakkû*": "Hiphil waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they struck",
"*ʾanšê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - men of",
"*hāʿāy*": "proper noun with definite article - the Ai"
},
"variants": {
"*rāʾû*": "saw/perceived/noticed",
"*lāḵad*": "captured/seized/took",
"*ʾōrēḇ*": "ambusher/one lying in ambush",
"*ʿālâ*": "went up/ascended/rose",
"*ʿăšan*": "smoke/vapor",
"*wayyāšuḇû*": "returned/turned back/turned around",
"*wayyakkû*": "struck/smote/attacked"
}
}
22{
"verseID": "Joshua.8.22",
"source": "וְאֵ֨לֶּה יָצְא֤וּ מִן־הָעִיר֙ לִקְרָאתָ֔ם וַיִּֽהְי֤וּ לְיִשְׂרָאֵל֙ בַּתָּ֔וֶךְ אֵ֥לֶּה מִזֶּ֖ה וְאֵ֣לֶּה מִזֶּ֑ה וַיַּכּ֣וּ אוֹתָ֔ם עַד־בִּלְתִּ֥י הִשְׁאִֽיר־ל֖וֹ שָׂרִ֥יד וּפָלִֽיט׃",
"text": "And-*ʾēlleh* *yāṣəʾû* from-the-*ʿîr* to-*liqrātām* and-*wayyihyû* to-*Yiśrāʾēl* in-the-*tāweḵ* *ʾēlleh* from-this and-*ʾēlleh* from-this and-*wayyakkû* them until-*biltî* *hišʾîr*-to-him *śārîd* and-*pālîṭ*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine plural - these",
"*yāṣəʾû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine plural - they went out",
"*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the city",
"*liqrātām*": "preposition with infinitive construct and 3rd masculine plural suffix - to meet them",
"*wayyihyû*": "Qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they were",
"*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun, masculine singular collective - Israel",
"*tāweḵ*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the midst",
"*wayyakkû*": "Hiphil waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they struck",
"*biltî*": "conjunction - not",
"*hišʾîr*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - to leave",
"*śārîd*": "noun, masculine singular - survivor",
"*pālîṭ*": "noun, masculine singular - escapee"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾēlleh*": "these/those",
"*yāṣəʾû*": "went out/came out/emerged",
"*liqrātām*": "to meet them/to encounter them",
"*tāweḵ*": "midst/middle/between",
"*wayyakkû*": "struck/smote/attacked",
"*biltî*": "not/without",
"*hišʾîr*": "to leave/to let remain",
"*śārîd*": "survivor/remnant/one remaining",
"*pālîṭ*": "escapee/fugitive/one who escapes"
}
}
23{
"verseID": "Joshua.8.23",
"source": "וְאֶת־מֶ֥לֶךְ הָעַ֖י תָּ֣פְשׂוּ חָ֑י וַיַּקְרִ֥בוּ אֹת֖וֹ אֶל־יְהוֹשֻֽׁעַ׃",
"text": "And-[direct object marker]-*meleḵ* *hāʿay* *tāp̄śû* *ḥāy* and-*wayyaqriḇû* him to-*Yəhôšuaʿ*.",
"grammar": {
"*meleḵ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of",
"*hāʿay*": "proper noun with definite article - the Ai",
"*tāp̄śû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine plural - they seized",
"*ḥāy*": "adjective, masculine singular - alive/living",
"*wayyaqriḇû*": "Hiphil waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they brought near",
"*Yəhôšuaʿ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Joshua"
},
"variants": {
"*tāp̄śû*": "seized/captured/caught",
"*ḥāy*": "alive/living/life",
"*wayyaqriḇû*": "brought near/brought/presented"
}
}
24{
"verseID": "Joshua.8.24",
"source": "וַיְהִ֣י כְּכַלּ֣וֹת יִשְׂרָאֵ֡ל לַהֲרֹג֩ אֶת־כָּל־יֹשְׁבֵ֨י הָעַ֜י בַּשָּׂדֶ֗ה בַּמִּדְבָּר֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר רְדָפ֣וּם בּ֔וֹ וַֽיִּפְּל֥וּ כֻלָּ֛ם לְפִי־חֶ֖רֶב עַד־תֻּמָּ֑ם וַיָּשֻׁ֤בוּ כָל־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ הָעַ֔י וַיַּכּ֥וּ אֹתָ֖הּ לְפִי־חָֽרֶב׃",
"text": "And-*wayəhî* when-*kəḵallôt* *Yiśrāʾēl* to-*lahărōg* [direct object marker]-all-*yōšḇê* *hāʿay* in-the-*śādeh* in-the-*midbār* which *rədāp̄ûm* in-it and-*wayyippəlû* all-of-them to-*pî*-*ḥereḇ* until-*tummām* and-*wayyāšuḇû* all-*Yiśrāʾēl* *hāʿay* and-*wayyakkû* it to-*pî*-*ḥāreḇ*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayəhî*": "Qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it happened",
"*kəḵallôt*": "Piel infinitive construct with preposition - when finishing",
"*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun, masculine singular collective - Israel",
"*lahărōg*": "Qal infinitive construct with preposition - to kill",
"*yōšḇê*": "Qal participle, masculine plural construct - inhabitants of",
"*hāʿay*": "proper noun with definite article - the Ai",
"*śādeh*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the field",
"*midbār*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the wilderness",
"*rədāp̄ûm*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - they pursued them",
"*wayyippəlû*": "Qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they fell",
"*pî*": "noun, masculine singular construct - mouth of/edge of",
"*ḥereḇ*": "noun, feminine singular - sword",
"*tummām*": "Qal infinitive construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their completion/until they were finished",
"*wayyāšuḇû*": "Qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they returned",
"*wayyakkû*": "Hiphil waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they struck",
"*ḥāreḇ*": "noun, feminine singular - sword"
},
"variants": {
"*wayəhî*": "and it happened/and it came to pass",
"*kəḵallôt*": "when finishing/when completed/when ended",
"*lahărōg*": "to kill/to slay",
"*yōšḇê*": "inhabitants of/dwellers in/residents of",
"*śādeh*": "field/open country/land",
"*midbār*": "wilderness/desert/uninhabited land",
"*rədāp̄ûm*": "pursued them/chased them",
"*wayyippəlû*": "fell/were slain",
"*pî-ḥereḇ*": "edge of the sword/by the sword",
"*tummām*": "their completion/until they were finished/to their end",
"*wayyāšuḇû*": "returned/turned back",
"*wayyakkû*": "struck/smote/attacked"
}
}
25{
"verseID": "Joshua.8.25",
"source": "וַיְהִי֩ כָל־הַנֹּ֨פְלִ֜ים בַּיּ֤וֹם הַהוּא֙ מֵאִ֣ישׁ וְעַד־אִשָּׁ֔ה שְׁנֵ֥ים עָשָׂ֖ר אָ֑לֶף כֹּ֖ל אַנְשֵׁ֥י הָעָֽי׃",
"text": "And-*wayəhî* all-the-*nōp̄əlîm* in-the-*yôm* the-that from-*ʾîš* and-unto-*ʾiššâ* *šənêm* *ʿāśār* *ʾālep̄* all *ʾanšê* *hāʿāy*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayəhî*": "Qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it was",
"*nōp̄əlîm*": "Qal participle, masculine plural with definite article - the ones falling",
"*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the day",
"*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man",
"*ʾiššâ*": "noun, feminine singular - woman",
"*šənêm*": "number, masculine dual construct - two of",
"*ʿāśār*": "number, masculine singular - ten",
"*ʾālep̄*": "noun, masculine singular - thousand",
"*ʾanšê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - men of",
"*hāʿāy*": "proper noun with definite article - the Ai"
},
"variants": {
"*wayəhî*": "and it was/and there were",
"*nōp̄əlîm*": "fallen ones/those who fell/casualties",
"*ʾîš*": "man/male",
"*ʾiššâ*": "woman/female",
"*šənêm ʿāśār ʾālep̄*": "twelve thousand"
}
}
26{
"verseID": "Joshua.8.26",
"source": "וִיהוֹשֻׁ֙עַ֙ לֹֽא־הֵשִׁ֣יב יָד֔וֹ אֲשֶׁ֥ר נָטָ֖ה בַּכִּיד֑וֹן עַ֚ד אֲשֶׁ֣ר הֶחֱרִ֔ים אֵ֖ת כָּל־יֹשְׁבֵ֥י הָעָֽי׃",
"text": "And-*Yəhôšuaʿ* not-*hēšîḇ* his-hand which *nāṭâ* with-the-*kîdôn* until which *heḥĕrîm* [direct object marker] all-*yōšḇê* *hāʿāy*.",
"grammar": {
"*Yəhôšuaʿ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Joshua",
"*hēšîḇ*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he brought back/withdrew",
"*nāṭâ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he stretched out",
"*kîdôn*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the javelin/spear",
"*heḥĕrîm*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he utterly destroyed/devoted to destruction",
"*yōšḇê*": "Qal participle, masculine plural construct - inhabitants of",
"*hāʿāy*": "proper noun with definite article - the Ai"
},
"variants": {
"*hēšîḇ*": "brought back/withdrew/pulled back",
"*nāṭâ*": "stretched out/extended/held out",
"*kîdôn*": "javelin/spear/lance",
"*heḥĕrîm*": "utterly destroyed/devoted to destruction/annihilated",
"*yōšḇê*": "inhabitants of/dwellers in/residents of"
}
}
27{
"verseID": "Joshua.8.27",
"source": "רַ֣ק הַבְּהֵמָ֗ה וּשְׁלַל֙ הָעִ֣יר הַהִ֔יא בָּזְז֥וּ לָהֶ֖ם יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל כִּדְבַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר צִוָּ֖ה אֶת־יְהוֹשֻֽׁעַ׃",
"text": "Only the-*bəhēmâ* and-*šəlal* the-*ʿîr* the-that *bāzəzû* to-themselves *Yiśrāʾēl* according-to-*dəḇar* *YHWH* which *ṣiwwâ* [direct object marker]-*Yəhôšuaʿ*.",
"grammar": {
"*bəhēmâ*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the cattle/livestock",
"*šəlal*": "noun, masculine singular construct - spoil of",
"*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the city",
"*bāzəzû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine plural - they plundered",
"*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun, masculine singular collective - Israel",
"*dəḇar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - word of",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/the LORD",
"*ṣiwwâ*": "Piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he commanded",
"*Yəhôšuaʿ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Joshua"
},
"variants": {
"*bəhēmâ*": "cattle/livestock/animals",
"*šəlal*": "spoil/plunder/booty",
"*bāzəzû*": "plundered/took as spoil/looted",
"*dəḇar*": "word/command/instruction",
"*ṣiwwâ*": "commanded/ordered/instructed"
}
}
28{
"verseID": "Joshua.8.28",
"source": "וַיִּשְׂרֹ֥ף יְהוֹשֻׁ֖עַ אֶת־הָעָ֑י וַיְשִׂימֶ֤הָ תֵּל־עוֹלָם֙ שְׁמָמָ֔ה עַ֖ד הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃",
"text": "And-*wayyiśrōp̄* *Yəhôšuaʿ* [direct object marker]-*hāʿāy* and-*wayəśîmehā* *tēl*-*ʿôlām* *šəmāmâ* until the-*yôm* the-this.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyiśrōp̄*": "Qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he burned",
"*Yəhôšuaʿ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Joshua",
"*hāʿāy*": "proper noun with definite article - the Ai",
"*wayəśîmehā*": "Qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - and he made it",
"*tēl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - mound of",
"*ʿôlām*": "noun, masculine singular - perpetuity/forever",
"*šəmāmâ*": "noun, feminine singular - desolation",
"*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the day"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyiśrōp̄*": "burned/set on fire",
"*wayəśîmehā*": "made it/set it/placed it",
"*tēl-ʿôlām*": "everlasting heap/permanent mound/eternal ruin",
"*šəmāmâ*": "desolation/wasteland/ruins",
"*yôm*": "day/time"
}
}