11 {
"verseID": "Joshua.8.11",
"source": "וְכָל־הָעָ֨ם הַמִּלְחָמָ֜ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר אִתּ֗וֹ עָלוּ֙ וַֽיִּגְּשׁ֔וּ וַיָּבֹ֖אוּ נֶ֣גֶד הָעִ֑יר וַֽיַּחֲנוּ֙ מִצְּפ֣וֹן לָעַ֔י וְהַגַּ֖י *בינו **בֵּינָ֥יו וּבֵין־הָעָֽי׃",
"text": "*wə-kāl-hā-ʿām ha-mmilḥāmâ ʾăšer ʾittô ʿālû wa-yyiggəšû wa-yyābōʾû neged hā-ʿîr wa-yaḥănû miṣṣəpôn lā-ʿay wə-ha-ggay bênāyw û-bên-hā-ʿāy*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-kāl-hā-ʿām ha-mmilḥāmâ*": "conjunction + noun construct + definite article + noun, masculine singular - and all the people of war",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - who/that",
"*ʾittô*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - with him",
"*ʿālû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they went up",
"*wa-yyiggəšû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they drew near",
"*wa-yyābōʾû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they came",
"*neged*": "preposition - in front of",
"*hā-ʿîr*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the city",
"*wa-yaḥănû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they camped",
"*miṣṣəpôn*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - on the north",
"*lā-ʿay*": "preposition + proper noun - of Ai",
"*wə-ha-ggay*": "conjunction + definite article + noun, masculine singular - and the valley",
"*bênāyw*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - between him",
"*û-bên-hā-ʿāy*": "conjunction + preposition + proper noun - and between Ai"
},
"variants": {
"*ʿālû*": "they went up/ascended/attacked",
"*wa-yyiggəšû*": "and they drew near/approached/came close",
"*wa-yaḥănû*": "and they camped/encamped/pitched [tents]",
"*ha-ggay*": "the valley/ravine/wadi"
}
}
12 {
"verseID": "Joshua.8.12",
"source": "וַיִּקַּ֕ח כַּחֲמֵ֥שֶׁת אֲלָפִ֖ים אִ֑ישׁ וַיָּ֨שֶׂם אוֹתָ֜ם אֹרֵ֗ב בֵּ֧ין בֵּֽית־אֵ֛ל וּבֵ֥ין הָעַ֖י מִיָּ֥ם לָעִֽיר׃",
"text": "*wa-yiqqaḥ ka-ḥămēšet ʾălāpîm ʾîš wa-yyāśem ʾôtām ʾōrēb bên bêt-ʾēl û-bên hā-ʿay miyyām lā-ʿîr*",
"grammar": {
"*wa-yiqqaḥ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he took",
"*ka-ḥămēšet*": "preposition + number, feminine construct - about five",
"*ʾălāpîm*": "noun, masculine plural - thousand",
"*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - men",
"*wa-yyāśem*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he placed",
"*ʾôtām*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine plural suffix - them",
"*ʾōrēb*": "noun, masculine singular - ambush",
"*bên bêt-ʾēl*": "preposition + proper noun - between Bethel",
"*û-bên hā-ʿay*": "conjunction + preposition + proper noun - and between Ai",
"*miyyām*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - on the west",
"*lā-ʿîr*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - of the city"
},
"variants": {
"*ka-ḥămēšet*": "about five/approximately five",
"*ʾōrēb*": "ambush/ambushers/those lying in wait",
"*miyyām*": "on the west/westward/to the west"
}
}
13 {
"verseID": "Joshua.8.13",
"source": "וַיָּשִׂ֨ימוּ הָעָ֜ם אֶת־כָּל־הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֗ה אֲשֶׁר֙ מִצְּפ֣וֹן לָעִ֔יר וְאֶת־עֲקֵב֖וֹ מִיָּ֣ם לָעִ֑יר וַיֵּ֧לֶךְ יְהוֹשֻׁ֛עַ בַּלַּ֥יְלָה הַה֖וּא בְּת֥וֹךְ הָעֵֽמֶק׃",
"text": "*wa-yyāśîmû hā-ʿām ʾet-kāl-ha-mmaḥăneh ʾăšer miṣṣəpôn lā-ʿîr wə-ʾet-ʿăqēbô miyyām lā-ʿîr wa-yēlek yəhôšuaʿ ba-llaylâ ha-hûʾ bətôk hā-ʿēmeq*",
"grammar": {
"*wa-yyāśîmû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they placed",
"*hā-ʿām*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the people",
"*ʾet-kāl-ha-mmaḥăneh*": "direct object marker + noun construct + definite article + noun, masculine singular - all the camp",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - which",
"*miṣṣəpôn*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - on the north",
"*lā-ʿîr*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - of the city",
"*wə-ʾet-ʿăqēbô*": "conjunction + direct object marker + noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and its rear guard",
"*miyyām*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - on the west",
"*lā-ʿîr*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - of the city",
"*wa-yēlek*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he went",
"*yəhôšuaʿ*": "proper noun - Joshua",
"*ba-llaylâ ha-hûʾ*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular + definite article + demonstrative pronoun - in that night",
"*bətôk*": "preposition + noun construct - in the middle of",
"*hā-ʿēmeq*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the valley"
},
"variants": {
"*wa-yyāśîmû*": "and they placed/set/positioned",
"*ha-mmaḥăneh*": "the camp/army/host",
"*ʿăqēbô*": "its rear guard/its rear/its heel",
"*hā-ʿēmeq*": "the valley/plain/lowland"
}
}
14 {
"verseID": "Joshua.8.14",
"source": "וַיְהִ֞י כִּרְא֣וֹת מֶֽלֶךְ־הָעַ֗י וַֽיְמַהֲר֡וּ וַיַּשְׁכִּ֡ימוּ וַיֵּצְא֣וּ אַנְשֵֽׁי־הָעִ֣יר לִקְרַֽאת־יִ֠שְׂרָאֵל לַֽמִּלְחָמָ֞ה ה֧וּא וְכָל־עַמּ֛וֹ לַמּוֹעֵ֖ד לִפְנֵ֣י הָֽעֲרָבָ֑ה וְהוּא֙ לֹ֣א יָדַ֔ע כִּֽי־אֹרֵ֥ב ל֖וֹ מֵאַחֲרֵ֥י הָעִֽיר׃",
"text": "*wa-yhî kirʾôt melek-hā-ʿay wa-yəmahărû wa-yaškîmû wa-yyēṣəʾû ʾanšê-hā-ʿîr liqraʾt-yiśrāʾēl la-mmilḥāmâ hûʾ wə-kāl-ʿammô la-mmôʿēd lipnê hā-ʿărābâ wə-hûʾ lōʾ yādaʿ kî-ʾōrēb lô mēʾaḥărê hā-ʿîr*",
"grammar": {
"*wa-yhî*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it happened",
"*kirʾôt*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - when seeing",
"*melek-hā-ʿay*": "noun construct + proper noun - king of Ai",
"*wa-yəmahărû*": "waw consecutive + piel imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they hurried",
"*wa-yaškîmû*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they rose early",
"*wa-yyēṣəʾû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they went out",
"*ʾanšê-hā-ʿîr*": "noun construct + definite article + noun, feminine singular - men of the city",
"*liqraʾt-yiśrāʾēl*": "preposition + noun construct + proper noun - to meet Israel",
"*la-mmilḥāmâ*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - for battle",
"*hûʾ*": "3rd masculine singular independent pronoun - he",
"*wə-kāl-ʿammô*": "conjunction + noun construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and all his people",
"*la-mmôʿēd*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - at the appointed time/place",
"*lipnê*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct - before",
"*hā-ʿărābâ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the Arabah/plain",
"*wə-hûʾ*": "conjunction + 3rd masculine singular independent pronoun - and he",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*yādaʿ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - knew",
"*kî-ʾōrēb*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - that (there was) an ambush",
"*lô*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - for him",
"*mēʾaḥărê*": "preposition + noun - behind",
"*hā-ʿîr*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the city"
},
"variants": {
"*kirʾôt*": "when seeing/when he saw",
"*wa-yəmahărû*": "and they hurried/hastened/made haste",
"*la-mmôʿēd*": "at the appointed time/at the designated place/at the set time",
"*hā-ʿărābâ*": "the Arabah/the plain/the desert",
"*ʾōrēb*": "ambush/ambushers/those lying in wait"
}
}
15 {
"verseID": "Joshua.8.15",
"source": "וַיִּנָּֽגְע֛וּ יְהוֹשֻׁ֥עַ וְכָל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לִפְנֵיהֶ֑ם וַיָּנֻ֖סוּ דֶּ֥רֶךְ הַמִּדְבָּֽר׃",
"text": "And *wayyinnāgəʿû* *Yəhôšuaʿ* and-all-*Yiśrāʾēl* before-them and-*wayyānusû* *dereḵ* the-*midbār*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyinnāgəʿû*": "Niphal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they were smitten/defeated/repulsed",
"*Yəhôšuaʿ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Joshua",
"*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun, masculine singular collective - Israel",
"*wayyānusû*": "Qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they fled",
"*dereḵ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - way/road/path of",
"*midbār*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the wilderness/desert"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyinnāgəʿû*": "were defeated/pretended to be beaten/feigned defeat",
"*dereḵ*": "way/road/path/direction",
"*midbār*": "wilderness/desert/uninhabited land"
}
}
16 {
"verseID": "Joshua.8.16",
"source": "וַיִּזָּעֲק֗וּ כָּל־הָעָם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בָּעַ֔י לִרְדֹּ֖ף אַחֲרֵיהֶ֑ם וַֽיִּרְדְּפוּ֙ אַחֲרֵ֣י יְהוֹשֻׁ֔עַ וַיִּנָּתְק֖וּ מִן־הָעִֽיר׃",
"text": "And *wayyizzāʿăqû* all-the-*ʿām* who in-*hāʿay* to-*lirdōp̄* after-them and-*wayyirdəp̄û* after *Yəhôšuaʿ* and-*wayyinnātəqû* from-the-*ʿîr*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyizzāʿăqû*": "Niphal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they were called together/summoned",
"*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the people",
"*hāʿay*": "proper noun with definite article - the Ai",
"*lirdōp̄*": "Qal infinitive construct with preposition - to pursue",
"*wayyirdəp̄û*": "Qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they pursued",
"*wayyinnātəqû*": "Niphal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they were drawn away/separated",
"*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the city"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyizzāʿăqû*": "were summoned/were called out/were mustered",
"*ʿām*": "people/population/folk",
"*wayyinnātəqû*": "were drawn away/were separated/were pulled away"
}
}
17 {
"verseID": "Joshua.8.17",
"source": "וְלֹֽא־נִשְׁאַ֣ר אִ֗ישׁ בָּעַי֙ וּבֵ֣ית אֵ֔ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹֽא־יָצְא֖וּ אַחֲרֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיַּעַזְב֤וּ אֶת־הָעִיר֙ פְּתוּחָ֔ה וַֽיִּרְדְּפ֖וּ אַחֲרֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃",
"text": "And-not-*nišʾar* *ʾîš* in-*hāʿay* and-*bêt* *ʾēl* who not-*yāṣəʾû* after *Yiśrāʾēl* and-*wayyaʿazḇû* [direct object marker]-the-*ʿîr* *pətuḥâ* and-*wayyirdəp̄û* after *Yiśrāʾēl*.",
"grammar": {
"*nišʾar*": "Niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - was left/remained",
"*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man/person",
"*hāʿay*": "proper noun with definite article - the Ai",
"*bêt*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of",
"*ʾēl*": "proper noun - El/Bethel",
"*yāṣəʾû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine plural - they went out",
"*wayyaʿazḇû*": "Qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they left/abandoned",
"*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the city",
"*pətuḥâ*": "Qal passive participle, feminine singular - opened/open",
"*wayyirdəp̄û*": "Qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they pursued"
},
"variants": {
"*nišʾar*": "remained/was left/stayed behind",
"*ʾîš*": "man/person/anyone",
"*bêt ʾēl*": "Bethel (place name)/house of El",
"*wayyaʿazḇû*": "left/abandoned/forsook",
"*pətuḥâ*": "open/opened/unguarded"
}
}