34 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.11.34",
"source": "מִכָּל־הָאֹ֜כֶל אֲשֶׁ֣ר יֵאָכֵ֗ל אֲשֶׁ֨ר יָב֥וֹא עָלָ֛יו מַ֖יִם יִטְמָ֑א וְכָל־מַשְׁקֶה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יִשָּׁתֶ֔ה בְּכָל־כְּלִ֖י יִטְמָֽא׃",
"text": "From all the *ʾōḵel* which *yēʾāḵēl*, upon which *yābôʾ* *mayim*, it shall *yiṭmāʾ*; and all *mašqeh* which *yiššāteh* in any *kəlî* shall *yiṭmāʾ*.",
"grammar": {
"*mikkol*": "preposition + noun in construct, 'from all'",
"*hāʾōḵel*": "definite article + masculine singular noun, 'the food'",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun, 'which'",
"*yēʾāḵēl*": "niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, 'is eaten'",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun, 'which'",
"*yābôʾ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, 'comes/enters'",
"*ʿālāyw*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix, 'upon it'",
"*mayim*": "masculine plural noun, 'water'",
"*yiṭmāʾ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, 'it shall be unclean'",
"*wəḵol*": "conjunction + noun in construct, 'and all'",
"*mašqeh*": "masculine singular noun, 'drink/beverage'",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun, 'which'",
"*yiššāteh*": "niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, 'is drunk'",
"*bəḵol*": "preposition + noun in construct, 'in any'",
"*kəlî*": "masculine singular noun, 'vessel'",
"*yiṭmāʾ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, 'it shall be unclean'"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾōḵel*": "food, nourishment, meal",
"*yēʾāḵēl*": "is eaten, can be eaten, may be eaten",
"*yābôʾ*": "comes, enters, arrives",
"*mayim*": "water, waters, liquid",
"*yiṭmāʾ*": "be unclean, be impure, be defiled",
"*mašqeh*": "drink, beverage, liquid",
"*yiššāteh*": "is drunk, can be drunk, may be drunk",
"*kəlî*": "vessel, utensil, article, object"
}
}
35 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.11.35",
"source": "וְ֠כֹל אֲשֶׁר־יִפֹּ֨ל מִנִּבְלָתָ֥ם ׀ עָלָיו֮ יִטְמָא֒ תַּנּ֧וּר וְכִירַ֛יִם יֻתָּ֖ץ טְמֵאִ֣ים הֵ֑ם וּטְמֵאִ֖ים יִהְי֥וּ לָכֶֽם׃",
"text": "And all upon which *yippōl* from their *nəbēlâ* shall *yiṭmāʾ*; *tannûr* and *kîrayim* shall *yuttāṣ*, *ṭəmēʾîm* they are, and *ṭəmēʾîm* they shall *yihyû* to you.",
"grammar": {
"*wəḵōl*": "conjunction + noun in construct, 'and all/every'",
"*ʾăšer-yippōl*": "relative pronoun + qal imperfect 3ms, 'upon which falls'",
"*minnibəlātām*": "preposition + feminine singular noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix, 'from their carcass'",
"*ʿālāyw*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix, 'upon it'",
"*yiṭmāʾ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, 'it shall be unclean'",
"*tannûr*": "masculine singular noun, 'oven'",
"*wəḵîrayim*": "conjunction + feminine dual noun, 'and cooking stove'",
"*yuttāṣ*": "hophal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, 'it shall be broken down'",
"*ṭəmēʾîm*": "adjective masculine plural, 'unclean'",
"*hēm*": "3rd masculine plural pronoun, 'they'",
"*ûṭəmēʾîm*": "conjunction + adjective masculine plural, 'and unclean'",
"*yihyû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural, 'they shall be'",
"*lāḵem*": "preposition + 2nd masculine plural suffix, 'to/for you'"
},
"variants": {
"*yippōl*": "fall, drop, come upon",
"*nəbēlâ*": "carcass, dead body, corpse",
"*yiṭmāʾ*": "be unclean, be impure, be defiled",
"*tannûr*": "oven, furnace, fire-pot",
"*kîrayim*": "stove, cooking range, hearth (dual form)",
"*yuttāṣ*": "be pulled down, be torn down, be destroyed",
"*ṭəmēʾîm*": "unclean, impure, defiled (plural)",
"*yihyû*": "will be, shall be, become"
}
}
36 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.11.36",
"source": "אַ֣ךְ מַעְיָ֥ן וּב֛וֹר מִקְוֵה־מַ֖יִם יִהְיֶ֣ה טָה֑וֹר וְנֹגֵ֥עַ בְּנִבְלָתָ֖ם יִטְמָֽא׃",
"text": "Surely *maʿyān* and *bôr* of *miqwēh*-*mayim* shall *yihyeh* *ṭāhôr*; but *nōgēaʿ* with their *nəbēlâ* shall *yiṭmāʾ*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾaḵ*": "adverb, 'surely/only/nevertheless'",
"*maʿyān*": "masculine singular noun, 'spring/fountain'",
"*ûbôr*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun, 'and cistern/pit'",
"*miqwēh-mayim*": "masculine singular construct + masculine plural noun, 'gathering of water'",
"*yihyeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, 'it shall be'",
"*ṭāhôr*": "adjective masculine singular, 'clean/pure'",
"*wənōgēaʿ*": "conjunction + qal participle masculine singular, 'but one touching'",
"*bənibəlātām*": "preposition + feminine singular noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix, 'with their carcass'",
"*yiṭmāʾ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, 'he shall be unclean'"
},
"variants": {
"*maʿyān*": "spring, fountain, source of water",
"*bôr*": "cistern, pit, well",
"*miqwēh*": "collection, gathering, reservoir",
"*mayim*": "water, waters, liquid",
"*yihyeh*": "will be, shall be, become",
"*ṭāhôr*": "clean, pure, undefiled",
"*nōgēaʿ*": "one touching, one who comes in contact with",
"*nəbēlâ*": "carcass, dead body, corpse",
"*yiṭmāʾ*": "be unclean, be impure, be defiled"
}
}
37 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.11.37",
"source": "וְכִ֤י יִפֹּל֙ מִנִּבְלָתָ֔ם עַל־כָּל־זֶ֥רַע זֵר֖וּעַ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יִזָּרֵ֑עַ טָה֖וֹר הֽוּא׃",
"text": "And if *yippōl* from their *nəbēlâ* upon any *zeraʿ* *zērûaʿ* which *yizzārēaʿ*, *ṭāhôr* *hûʾ*.",
"grammar": {
"*wəḵî*": "conjunction + particle, 'and if'",
"*yippōl*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, 'it falls'",
"*minnibəlātām*": "preposition + feminine singular noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix, 'from their carcass'",
"*ʿal-kol*": "preposition + noun in construct, 'upon any'",
"*zeraʿ*": "masculine singular noun, 'seed'",
"*zērûaʿ*": "qal passive participle, masculine singular, 'sown'",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun, 'which'",
"*yizzārēaʿ*": "niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, 'is sown'",
"*ṭāhôr*": "adjective masculine singular, 'clean'",
"*hûʾ*": "3rd masculine singular pronoun, 'it'"
},
"variants": {
"*yippōl*": "fall, drop, come upon",
"*nəbēlâ*": "carcass, dead body, corpse",
"*zeraʿ*": "seed, sowing, offspring",
"*zērûaʿ*": "sown, planted",
"*yizzārēaʿ*": "is sown, is planted, is scattered (as seed)",
"*ṭāhôr*": "clean, pure, undefiled"
}
}
38 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.11.38",
"source": "וְכִ֤י יֻתַּן־מַ֙יִם֙ עַל־זֶ֔רַע וְנָפַ֥ל מִנִּבְלָתָ֖ם עָלָ֑יו טָמֵ֥א ה֖וּא לָכֶֽם׃ ס",
"text": "And if *yuttan*-*mayim* upon *zeraʿ* and *nāpal* from their *nəbēlâ* upon it, *ṭāmēʾ* *hûʾ* to you.",
"grammar": {
"*wəḵî*": "conjunction + particle, 'and if'",
"*yuttan-mayim*": "qal imperfect passive, 3rd masculine singular + masculine plural noun, 'water is put'",
"*ʿal-zeraʿ*": "preposition + masculine singular noun, 'upon seed'",
"*wənāpal*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular, 'and falls'",
"*minnibəlātām*": "preposition + feminine singular noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix, 'from their carcass'",
"*ʿālāyw*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix, 'upon it'",
"*ṭāmēʾ*": "adjective masculine singular, 'unclean'",
"*hûʾ*": "3rd masculine singular pronoun, 'it'",
"*lāḵem*": "preposition + 2nd masculine plural suffix, 'to/for you'"
},
"variants": {
"*yuttan*": "is given, is put, is placed",
"*mayim*": "water, waters, liquid",
"*zeraʿ*": "seed, sowing, offspring",
"*nāpal*": "fell, dropped, came upon",
"*nəbēlâ*": "carcass, dead body, corpse",
"*ṭāmēʾ*": "unclean, impure, defiled"
}
}
39 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.11.39",
"source": "וְכִ֤י יָמוּת֙ מִן־הַבְּהֵמָ֔ה אֲשֶׁר־הִ֥יא לָכֶ֖ם לְאָכְלָ֑ה הַנֹּגֵ֥עַ בְּנִבְלָתָ֖הּ יִטְמָ֥א עַד־הָעָֽרֶב׃",
"text": "And if *yāmût* any of the *bəhēmâ* which *hîʾ* to you for *ʾoḵlâ*, *hannōgēaʿ* with its *nəbēlâ* shall *yiṭmāʾ* until the *ʿāreb*.",
"grammar": {
"*wəḵî*": "conjunction + particle, 'and if'",
"*yāmût*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, 'dies'",
"*min-habbəhēmâ*": "preposition + definite article + feminine singular noun, 'from the animal'",
"*ʾăšer-hîʾ*": "relative pronoun + 3rd feminine singular pronoun, 'which it (is)'",
"*lāḵem*": "preposition + 2nd masculine plural suffix, 'to/for you'",
"*ləʾoḵlâ*": "preposition + feminine singular noun, 'for food'",
"*hannōgēaʿ*": "definite article + qal participle masculine singular, 'the one touching'",
"*bənibəlātāh*": "preposition + feminine singular noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix, 'with its carcass'",
"*yiṭmāʾ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, 'he shall be unclean'",
"*ʿad-hāʿāreb*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun, 'until the evening'"
},
"variants": {
"*yāmût*": "dies, expires, perishes",
"*bəhēmâ*": "animal, beast, cattle, livestock",
"*ʾoḵlâ*": "food, eating, consumption",
"*nōgēaʿ*": "one touching, one who comes in contact with",
"*nəbēlâ*": "carcass, dead body, corpse",
"*yiṭmāʾ*": "be unclean, be impure, be defiled",
"*ʿāreb*": "evening, sunset"
}
}
40 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.11.40",
"source": "וְהָֽאֹכֵל֙ מִנִּבְלָתָ֔הּ יְכַבֵּ֥ס בְּגָדָ֖יו וְטָמֵ֣א עַד־הָעָ֑רֶב וְהַנֹּשֵׂא֙ אֶת־נִבְלָתָ֔הּ יְכַבֵּ֥ס בְּגָדָ֖יו וְטָמֵ֥א עַד־הָעָֽרֶב׃",
"text": "And *hāʾōḵēl* from its *nəbēlâ* shall *yəḵabbēs* his *bəgādîm* and be *ṭāmēʾ* until the *ʿāreb*; and *hannōśēʾ* *ʾēt-nibəlātāh* shall *yəḵabbēs* his *bəgādîm* and be *ṭāmēʾ* until the *ʿāreb*.",
"grammar": {
"*wəhāʾōḵēl*": "conjunction + definite article + qal participle masculine singular, 'and the one eating'",
"*minnibəlātāh*": "preposition + feminine singular noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix, 'from its carcass'",
"*yəḵabbēs*": "piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, 'he shall wash'",
"*bəgādāyw*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix, 'his clothes/garments'",
"*wəṭāmēʾ*": "conjunction + adjective masculine singular, 'and unclean'",
"*ʿad-hāʿāreb*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun, 'until the evening'",
"*wəhannōśēʾ*": "conjunction + definite article + qal participle masculine singular, 'and the one carrying'",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*nibəlātāh*": "feminine singular noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix, 'its carcass'",
"*yəḵabbēs*": "piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, 'he shall wash'",
"*bəgādāyw*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix, 'his clothes/garments'",
"*wəṭāmēʾ*": "conjunction + adjective masculine singular, 'and unclean'",
"*ʿad-hāʿāreb*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun, 'until the evening'"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾōḵēl*": "one eating, one who consumes",
"*nəbēlâ*": "carcass, dead body, corpse",
"*yəḵabbēs*": "wash, cleanse, launder",
"*bəgādîm*": "clothes, garments, vestments",
"*ṭāmēʾ*": "unclean, impure, defiled",
"*ʿāreb*": "evening, sunset",
"*nōśēʾ*": "one carrying, one bearing, one who lifts"
}
}
41 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.11.41",
"source": "וְכָל־הַשֶּׁ֖רֶץ הַשֹּׁרֵ֣ץ עַל־הָאָ֑רֶץ שֶׁ֥קֶץ ה֖וּא לֹ֥א יֵאָכֵֽל׃",
"text": "*wə-kol*-the-*šereṣ* the-*šōrēṣ* upon-the-*ʾāreṣ* *šeqeṣ* *hûʾ* not *yēʾākēl*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-kol*": "conjunction + noun construct - and-all-of",
"*šereṣ*": "noun, masculine, singular - swarming creature/creeping thing",
"*šōrēṣ*": "participle, Qal, masculine, singular - swarming/creeping",
"*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular - earth/ground/land",
"*šeqeṣ*": "noun, masculine, singular - detestable thing/abomination",
"*hûʾ*": "pronoun, 3rd person, masculine, singular - it/he",
"*yēʾākēl*": "verb, Niphal, imperfect, 3rd person, masculine, singular - will be eaten"
},
"variants": {
"*šereṣ*": "swarming creature/creeping thing/small reptile",
"*šōrēṣ*": "swarming/moving/creeping/teaming",
"*ʾāreṣ*": "earth/ground/land/soil",
"*šeqeṣ*": "detestable thing/abomination/unclean thing",
"*yēʾākēl*": "will be eaten/shall be eaten/can be eaten"
}
}
42 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.11.42",
"source": "כֹּל֩ הוֹלֵ֨ךְ עַל־גָּח֜וֹן וְכֹ֣ל ׀ הוֹלֵ֣ךְ עַל־אַרְבַּ֗ע עַ֚ד כָּל־מַרְבֵּ֣ה רַגְלַ֔יִם לְכָל־הַשֶּׁ֖רֶץ הַשֹּׁרֵ֣ץ עַל־הָאָ֑רֶץ לֹ֥א תֹאכְל֖וּם כִּי־שֶׁ֥קֶץ הֵֽם׃",
"text": "*kōl* *hôlēk* upon-*gāḥôn* *wə-kōl* *hôlēk* upon-*ʾarbaʿ* until *kol*-*marbēh* *raglayim* to-*kol*-the-*šereṣ* the-*šōrēṣ* upon-the-*ʾāreṣ* not *tōʾklûm* *kî*-*šeqeṣ* *hēm*",
"grammar": {
"*kōl*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - all/every",
"*hôlēk*": "participle, Qal, masculine, singular - going/walking",
"*gāḥôn*": "noun, masculine, singular - belly/underside",
"*wə-kōl*": "conjunction + noun, masculine, singular, construct - and-all/every",
"*ʾarbaʿ*": "noun, feminine - four",
"*marbēh*": "Hiphil participle, masculine, singular - multiplying/increasing",
"*raglayim*": "noun, feminine, dual - feet/legs",
"*šereṣ*": "noun, masculine, singular - swarming creature/creeping thing",
"*šōrēṣ*": "participle, Qal, masculine, singular - swarming/creeping",
"*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular - earth/ground/land",
"*tōʾklûm*": "verb, Qal, imperfect, 2nd person, masculine, plural + 3rd person, masculine, plural suffix - you shall eat them",
"*kî*": "conjunction - because/for",
"*šeqeṣ*": "noun, masculine, singular - detestable thing/abomination",
"*hēm*": "pronoun, 3rd person, masculine, plural - they"
},
"variants": {
"*hôlēk*": "going/walking/moving",
"*gāḥôn*": "belly/underside",
"*ʾarbaʿ*": "four/four legs",
"*marbēh*": "multiplying/increasing/having many",
"*raglayim*": "feet/legs",
"*šereṣ*": "swarming creature/creeping thing/small reptile",
"*šōrēṣ*": "swarming/moving/creeping/teaming",
"*ʾāreṣ*": "earth/ground/land/soil",
"*šeqeṣ*": "detestable thing/abomination/unclean thing"
}
}
43 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.11.43",
"source": "אַל־תְּשַׁקְּצוּ֙ אֶת־נַפְשֹׁ֣תֵיכֶ֔ם בְּכָל־הַשֶּׁ֖רֶץ הַשֹּׁרֵ֑ץ וְלֹ֤א תִֽטַּמְּאוּ֙ בָּהֶ֔ם וְנִטְמֵתֶ֖ם בָּֽם׃",
"text": "*ʾal*-*təšaqqəṣû* *ʾet*-*napšōtêkem* in-*kol*-the-*šereṣ* the-*šōrēṣ* *wə-lōʾ* *tiṭṭammə'û* in-them *wə-niṭmētem* in-them",
"grammar": {
"*ʾal*": "negative particle - do not",
"*təšaqqəṣû*": "verb, Piel, imperfect, 2nd person, masculine, plural - make detestable/abominate/defile",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*napšōtêkem*": "noun, feminine, plural construct + 2nd person, masculine, plural suffix - your souls/yourselves",
"*kol*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - all/every",
"*šereṣ*": "noun, masculine, singular - swarming creature/creeping thing",
"*šōrēṣ*": "participle, Qal, masculine, singular - swarming/creeping",
"*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and-not",
"*tiṭṭammə'û*": "verb, Hithpael, imperfect, 2nd person, masculine, plural - make yourselves unclean",
"*wə-niṭmētem*": "conjunction + verb, Niphal, perfect, 2nd person, masculine, plural - and you will be made unclean"
},
"variants": {
"*təšaqqəṣû*": "make detestable/abominate/defile/pollute",
"*napšōtêkem*": "your souls/yourselves/your beings",
"*šereṣ*": "swarming creature/creeping thing/small reptile",
"*šōrēṣ*": "swarming/moving/creeping/teaming",
"*tiṭṭammə'û*": "make yourselves unclean/defile yourselves",
"*niṭmētem*": "you will be made unclean/you will become defiled"
}
}
44 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.11.44",
"source": "כִּ֣י אֲנִ֣י יְהוָה֮ אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶם֒ וְהִתְקַדִּשְׁתֶּם֙ וִהְיִיתֶ֣ם קְדֹשִׁ֔ים כִּ֥י קָד֖וֹשׁ אָ֑נִי וְלֹ֤א תְטַמְּאוּ֙ אֶת־נַפְשֹׁ֣תֵיכֶ֔ם בְּכָל־הַשֶּׁ֖רֶץ הָרֹמֵ֥שׂ עַל־הָאָֽרֶץ׃",
"text": "*kî* *ʾănî* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkem* *wə-hitqaddištem* *wihyîtem* *qədōšîm* *kî* *qādôš* *ʾānî* *wə-lōʾ* *təṭammə'û* *ʾet*-*napšōtêkem* in-*kol*-the-*šereṣ* the-*rōmēś* upon-the-*ʾāreṣ*",
"grammar": {
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*ʾănî*": "pronoun, 1st person, singular - I",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD/Yahweh",
"*ʾĕlōhêkem*": "noun, masculine, plural construct + 2nd person, masculine, plural suffix - your God",
"*wə-hitqaddištem*": "conjunction + verb, Hithpael, perfect, 2nd person, masculine, plural - and sanctify yourselves",
"*wihyîtem*": "conjunction + verb, Qal, perfect, 2nd person, masculine, plural - and you will be",
"*qədōšîm*": "adjective, masculine, plural - holy/set apart",
"*qādôš*": "adjective, masculine, singular - holy/set apart",
"*ʾānî*": "pronoun, 1st person, singular - I",
"*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and-not",
"*təṭammə'û*": "verb, Piel, imperfect, 2nd person, masculine, plural - defile/make unclean",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*napšōtêkem*": "noun, feminine, plural construct + 2nd person, masculine, plural suffix - your souls/yourselves",
"*kol*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - all/every",
"*šereṣ*": "noun, masculine, singular - swarming creature/creeping thing",
"*rōmēś*": "participle, Qal, masculine, singular - creeping/crawling",
"*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular - earth/ground/land"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾĕlōhêkem*": "your God/your gods",
"*hitqaddištem*": "sanctify yourselves/consecrate yourselves/make yourselves holy",
"*qədōšîm*": "holy/set apart/consecrated",
"*qādôš*": "holy/set apart/consecrated",
"*təṭammə'û*": "defile/make unclean/pollute",
"*napšōtêkem*": "your souls/yourselves/your beings",
"*šereṣ*": "swarming creature/creeping thing/small reptile",
"*rōmēś*": "creeping/crawling/moving",
"*ʾāreṣ*": "earth/ground/land/soil"
}
}