Leviticus 12:2

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Leviticus.12.2", "source": "דַּבֵּ֞ר אֶל־בְּנֵ֤י יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר אִשָּׁה֙ כִּ֣י תַזְרִ֔יעַ וְיָלְדָ֖ה זָכָ֑ר וְטָֽמְאָה֙ שִׁבְעַ֣ת יָמִ֔ים כִּימֵ֛י נִדַּ֥ת דְּוֺתָ֖הּ תִּטְמָֽא׃", "text": "*dabbēr ʾel-bənê yiśrāʾēl lēʾmōr ʾiššâ kî tazrîaʿ wə-yāldâ zāḵār wə-ṭāmʾâ šiḇʿat yāmîm kîmê niddat dəwōtāh tiṭmāʾ*", "grammar": { "*dabbēr*": "imperative, masculine singular, Piel - speak/tell", "*ʾel-bənê yiśrāʾēl*": "preposition + noun construct + proper noun - to sons of Israel", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + infinitive construct, Qal - saying/to say", "*ʾiššâ*": "noun, feminine singular - woman", "*kî*": "conjunction - when/if", "*tazrîaʿ*": "imperfect, 3rd feminine singular, Hiphil - conceives/bears seed", "*wə-yāldâ*": "conjunction + perfect, 3rd feminine singular, Qal - and gives birth", "*zāḵār*": "noun, masculine singular - male", "*wə-ṭāmʾâ*": "conjunction + perfect, 3rd feminine singular, Qal - and she shall be unclean", "*šiḇʿat yāmîm*": "numeral + noun, masculine plural - seven days", "*kîmê*": "preposition + noun construct, masculine plural - like days of", "*niddat*": "noun construct, feminine singular - separation/impurity of", "*dəwōtāh*": "noun + suffix, 3rd feminine singular - her illness/menstruation", "*tiṭmāʾ*": "imperfect, 3rd feminine singular, Qal - she shall be unclean" }, "variants": { "*tazrîaʿ*": "conceives/produces seed/bears fruit", "*niddat*": "separation/impurity/menstruation", "*dəwōtāh*": "illness/menstruation/infirmity", "*tiṭmāʾ*": "be unclean/impure/defiled" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

דַּבֵּ֞ר אֶל־בְּנֵ֤י יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר אִשָּׁה֙ כִּ֣י תַזְרִ֔יעַ וְיָלְדָ֖ה זָכָ֑ר וְטָֽמְאָה֙ שִׁבְעַ֣ת יָמִ֔ים כִּימֵ֛י נִדַּ֥ת דְּוֺתָ֖הּ תִּטְמָֽא׃

Transliteration

dabbēr ʾel-bənê yiśrāʾēl lēʾmōr ʾiššâ kî tazrîaʿ wə-yāldâ zāḵār wə-ṭāmʾâ šiḇʿat yāmîm kîmê niddat dəwōtāh tiṭmāʾ

Grammar Details

• *dabbēr*: imperative, masculine singular, Piel - speak/tell
• *ʾel-bənê yiśrāʾēl*: preposition + noun construct + proper noun - to sons of Israel
• *lēʾmōr*: preposition + infinitive construct, Qal - saying/to say
• *ʾiššâ*: noun, feminine singular - woman
• *kî*: conjunction - when/if
• *tazrîaʿ*: imperfect, 3rd feminine singular, Hiphil - conceives/bears seed
• *wə-yāldâ*: conjunction + perfect, 3rd feminine singular, Qal - and gives birth
• *zāḵār*: noun, masculine singular - male
• *wə-ṭāmʾâ*: conjunction + perfect, 3rd feminine singular, Qal - and she shall be unclean
• *šiḇʿat yāmîm*: numeral + noun, masculine plural - seven days
• *kîmê*: preposition + noun construct, masculine plural - like days of
• *niddat*: noun construct, feminine singular - separation/impurity of
• *dəwōtāh*: noun + suffix, 3rd feminine singular - her illness/menstruation
• *tiṭmāʾ*: imperfect, 3rd feminine singular, Qal - she shall be unclean

Word Meanings

• *tazrîaʿ*: conceives/produces seed/bears fruit
• *niddat*: separation/impurity/menstruation
• *dəwōtāh*: illness/menstruation/infirmity
• *tiṭmāʾ*: be unclean/impure/defiled

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  Speak to the Israelites and tell them: When a woman becomes pregnant and gives birth to a male child, she will be unclean for seven days, as in the days of her menstruation.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  Speak unto the children of Israel, saying, If a woman have conceived seed, and born a man child: then she shall be uncan seven days; according to the days of the separation for her infirmity shall she be uncan.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  Speak to the children of Israel, saying, If a woman conceives and gives birth to a male child, then she shall be unclean for seven days; as in the days of her customary impurity, she shall be unclean.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  Speak unto the children of Israel, saying, If a woman have conceived seed, and born a man child: then she shall be unclean seven days; according to the days of the separation for her infirmity shall she be unclean.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  Speak{H1696} unto the children{H1121} of Israel,{H3478} saying,{H559} If a woman{H802} conceive seed,{H2232} and bear{H3205} a man-child,{H2145} then she shall be unclean{H2930} seven{H7651} days;{H3117} as in the days{H3117} of the impurity{H5079} of her sickness{H1738} shall she be unclean.{H2930}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  Speak{H1696}{(H8761)} unto the children{H1121} of Israel{H3478}, saying{H559}{(H8800)}, If a woman{H802} have conceived seed{H2232}{(H8686)}, and born{H3205}{(H8804)} a man child{H2145}: then she shall be unclean{H2930}{(H8804)} seven{H7651} days{H3117}; according to the days{H3117} of the separation{H5079} for her infirmity{H1738}{(H8800)} shall she be unclean{H2930}{(H8799)}.

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  speake vnto the childern of Israel ad saye: whe a woma hath conceaued ad hath borne a man childe, she shalbe vnclene.vij. dayes: euen in like maner as when she is put aparte in tyme of hir naturall disease.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Speake vnto the children of Israel, and saye: Whan a woman hath conceaued, and beareth a manchilde, she shalbe vncleane seuen dayes, so longe as she suffreth hir disease,

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Speake vnto the children of Israel, and say, When a woman hath brought forth seede, & borne a manchilde, shee shalbe vncleane seuen dayes, like as she is vncleane when she is put apart for her disease.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Speake vnto the children of Israel, and say: yf a woman hath conceaued seede, and borne a man chylde, she shalbe vncleane seuen dayes: euen according to the dayes of the seperation of her infirmitie shall she be vncleane.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  Speak unto the children of Israel, saying, If a woman have conceived seed, and born a man child: then she shall be unclean seven days; according to the days of the separation for her infirmity shall she be unclean.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  "Speak to the children of Israel, saying, 'If a woman conceives, and bears a male child, then she shall be unclean seven days; as in the days of her monthly period she shall be unclean.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  `Speak unto the sons of Israel, saying, A woman when she giveth seed, and hath born a male, then she hath been unclean seven days, according to the days of separation for her sickness she is unclean;

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Speak unto the children of Israel, saying, If a woman conceive seed, and bear a man-child, then she shall be unclean seven days; as in the days of the impurity of her sickness shall she be unclean.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Speak unto the children of Israel, saying, If a woman conceive seed, and bear a man-child, then she shall be unclean seven days; as in the days of the impurity of her sickness shall she be unclean.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  Say to the children of Israel, If a woman is with child and gives birth to a male child, she will be unclean for seven days, as when she is unwell.

• World English Bible (2000)

  "Speak to the children of Israel, saying, 'If a woman conceives, and bears a male child, then she shall be unclean seven days; as in the days of her monthly period she shall be unclean.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  “Tell the Israelites,‘When a woman produces offspring and bears a male child, she will be unclean seven days, as she is unclean during the days of her menstruation.

Referenced Verses

• Lev 15:19 : 19 { "verseID": "Leviticus.15.19", "source": "וְאִשָּׁה֙ כִּֽי־תִהְיֶ֣ה זָבָ֔ה דָּ֛ם יִהְיֶ֥ה זֹבָ֖הּ בִּבְשָׂרָ֑הּ שִׁבְעַ֤ת יָמִים֙ תִּהְיֶ֣ה בְנִדָּתָ֔הּ וְכָל־הַנֹּגֵ֥עַ בָּ֖הּ יִטְמָ֥א עַד־הָעָֽרֶב׃", "text": "And *ʾiššāh* when *tihyeh* *zābāh*, *dām* *yihyeh* *zōbāh* in *bibśārāh*, *šibʿat* *yāmîm* *tihyeh* in *bĕniddātāh*, and all the *hannōgēaʿ* in her *yiṭmāʾ* until the *hāʿāreb*", "grammar": { "*ʾiššāh*": "noun, feminine singular - woman", "*tihyeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - she will be", "*zābāh*": "qal participle, feminine singular - having discharge/flowing", "*dām*": "noun, masculine singular - blood", "*yihyeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - it will be", "*zōbāh*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her discharge", "*bibśārāh*": "preposition + noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - in her flesh", "*šibʿat*": "numeral, feminine singular construct - seven of", "*yāmîm*": "noun, masculine plural - days", "*bĕniddātāh*": "preposition + noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - in her menstruation", "*hannōgēaʿ*": "definite article + qal participle, masculine singular - the one touching", "*yiṭmāʾ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - will be unclean", "*hāʿāreb*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the evening" }, "variants": { "*zābāh*": "having a discharge/flowing", "*bĕniddātāh*": "in her impurity/in her menstruation/in her separation" } }
• Lev 18:19 : 19 { "verseID": "Leviticus.18.19", "source": "וְאֶל־אִשָּׁ֖ה בְּנִדַּ֣ת טֻמְאָתָ֑הּ לֹ֣א תִקְרַ֔ב לְגַלּ֖וֹת עֶרְוָתָֽהּ׃", "text": "And *wəʾel*-*ʾiššāh* in *bəniddat* *ṭumʾātāh* *lōʾ* *tiqrab* *ləgallôt* *ʿerwātāh*", "grammar": { "*wəʾel*": "waw conjunction + preposition - and to", "*ʾiššāh*": "noun, feminine singular - woman", "*bəniddat*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - in separation of", "*ṭumʾātāh*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her uncleanness", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*tiqrab*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall approach", "*ləgallôt*": "preposition + Piel infinitive construct - to uncover", "*ʿerwātāh*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her nakedness" }, "variants": { "*bəniddat* *ṭumʾātāh*": "in her menstrual impurity/during her period/during her separation", "*tiqrab*": "you shall approach/you shall come near/you shall draw near", "*ləgallôt* *ʿerwātāh*": "to uncover her nakedness/to have sexual relations with her" } }
• Gen 1:28 : 28 { "verseID": "Genesis.1.28", "source": "וַיְבָ֣רֶךְ אֹתָם֮ אֱלֹהִים֒ וַיֹּ֨אמֶר לָהֶ֜ם אֱלֹהִ֗ים פְּר֥וּ וּרְב֛וּ וּמִלְא֥וּ אֶת־הָאָ֖רֶץ וְכִבְשֻׁ֑הָ וּרְד֞וּ בִּדְגַ֤ת הַיָּם֙ וּבְע֣וֹף הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם וּבְכָל־חַיָּ֖ה הֽ͏ָרֹמֶ֥שֶׂת עַל־הָאָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "And *wayĕbārek* *ʾōtām* *ʾĕlōhîm* and *wayyōʾmer* to-them *ʾĕlōhîm* *pĕrû* and *rĕbû* and *milʾû* *ʾet*-the *ʾāreṣ* and *kibšūhā* and *rĕdû* in *dĕgat* the *yām* and in *ʿôp* the *šāmayim* and in all-*ḥayyāh* the *rōmeśet* upon the *ʾāreṣ*", "grammar": { "*lāhem*": "preposition + 3mp suffix - to them", "*wĕ-kibšūhā*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperative, masculine plural + 3fs suffix - and subdue it", "*û-rĕdû*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperative, masculine plural - and rule", "*û-bĕ-kol-ḥayyāh*": "conjunction + preposition + noun + noun - and in all living thing", "*hā-rōmeśet*": "definite article + verb, qal participle, feminine singular - the creeping" }, "variants": { "*kibšūhā*": "subdue it/dominate it/bring it under control" } }
• Luke 2:22 : 22 { "verseID": "Luke.2.22", "source": "Καὶ ὅτε ἐπλήσθησαν αἱ ἡμέραι τοῦ καθαρισμοῦ αὐτῆς κατὰ τὸν νόμον Μωσέως, ἀνήγαγον αὐτὸν εἰς Ἱεροσόλυμα, παραστῆσαι τῷ Κυρίῳ·", "text": "And when *eplēsthēsan* the *hēmerai* of the *katharismou* of her according to the *nomon* of *Mōseōs*, *anēgagon* him to *Hierosolyma*, to *parastēsai* to the *Kyriō*;", "grammar": { "*eplēsthēsan*": "aorist indicative, 3rd plural, passive - were fulfilled", "*hēmerai*": "nominative, feminine, plural - days", "*katharismou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - purification", "*nomon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - law", "*Mōseōs*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of Moses", "*anēgagon*": "aorist indicative, 3rd plural - they brought up", "*Hierosolyma*": "accusative, neuter, plural - Jerusalem", "*parastēsai*": "aorist infinitive - to present", "*Kyriō*": "dative, masculine, singular - to the Lord" }, "variants": { "*eplēsthēsan*": "were fulfilled/were completed", "*katharismou*": "purification/cleansing", "*anēgagon*": "brought up/led up/took up", "*parastēsai*": "to present/to dedicate/to offer" } }
• Rom 5:12-19 : 12 { "verseID": "Romans.5.12", "source": "Διὰ τοῦτο, ὥσπερ διʼ ἑνὸς ἀνθρώπου ἡ ἁμαρτία εἰς τὸν κόσμον εἰσῆλθεν, καὶ διὰ τῆς ἁμαρτίας ὁ θάνατος· καὶ οὕτως εἰς πάντας ἀνθρώπους ὁ θάνατος διῆλθεν, ἐφʼ ᾧ πάντες ἥμαρτον:", "text": "Through this, just as through *henos anthrōpou* the *hamartia* into the *kosmon eisēlthen*, and through the *hamartias* the *thanatos*; and thus into all *anthrōpous* the *thanatos diēlthen*, *eph' hō* all *hēmarton*:", "grammar": { "*henos*": "genitive singular masculine - one", "*anthrōpou*": "genitive singular masculine - man/human being", "*hamartia*": "nominative singular feminine - sin", "*kosmon*": "accusative singular masculine - world", "*eisēlthen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - entered", "*hamartias*": "genitive singular feminine - of sin", "*thanatos*": "nominative singular masculine - death", "*anthrōpous*": "accusative plural masculine - men/human beings", "*diēlthen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - passed through/spread to", "*eph' hō*": "preposition with relative pronoun - upon which/because", "*hēmarton*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person plural - sinned" }, "variants": { "*henos anthrōpou*": "one man/single human being", "*hamartia*": "sin/wrongdoing/missing the mark", "*kosmon*": "world/universe/order", "*eisēlthen*": "entered/came into", "*thanatos*": "death/mortality", "*diēlthen*": "passed through/spread to/extended to", "*eph' hō*": "upon which/because/for that reason/on the basis of which", "*hēmarton*": "sinned/missed the mark/did wrong" } } 13 { "verseID": "Romans.5.13", "source": "(Ἄχρι γὰρ νόμου ἁμαρτία ἦν ἐν κόσμῳ: ἁμαρτία δὲ οὐκ ἐλλογεῖται μὴ ὄντος νόμου.", "text": "(*Achri gar nomou hamartia ēn* in *kosmō*: *hamartia de* not *ellogeitai mē ontos nomou*.", "grammar": { "*Achri*": "preposition - until/as far as", "*gar*": "postpositive conjunction - for/because", "*nomou*": "genitive singular masculine - law", "*hamartia*": "nominative singular feminine - sin", "*ēn*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person singular - was", "*kosmō*": "dative singular masculine - world", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and/now", "*ellogeitai*": "present passive indicative, 3rd person singular - is imputed/charged/accounted", "*mē ontos*": "present active participle with negative, genitive singular masculine - not being/existing", "*nomou*": "genitive singular masculine - law" }, "variants": { "*Achri*": "until/as far as/up to", "*nomou*": "law/legal system/rule", "*hamartia*": "sin/wrongdoing/missing the mark", "*kosmō*": "world/universe/order", "*ellogeitai*": "is imputed/charged/accounted/reckoned", "*mē ontos nomou*": "there not being law/when law does not exist" } } 14 { "verseID": "Romans.5.14", "source": "Ἀλλʼ ἐβασίλευσεν ὁ θάνατος ἀπὸ Ἀδὰμ μέχρι Μωσέως, καὶ ἐπὶ τοὺς μὴ ἁμαρτήσαντας ἐπὶ τῷ ὁμοιώματι τῆς παραβάσεως Ἀδάμ, ὅς ἐστιν τύπος τοῦ μέλλοντος.", "text": "But *ebasileusen* the *thanatos* from *Adam mechri Mōseōs*, and upon those *mē hamartēsantas* upon the *homoiōmati* of the *parabaseōs Adam*, who *estin typos* of the *mellontos*.", "grammar": { "*ebasileusen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - reigned/ruled", "*thanatos*": "nominative singular masculine - death", "*mechri*": "preposition - until/as far as", "*Mōseōs*": "genitive singular masculine - Moses", "*mē hamartēsantas*": "aorist active participle with negative, accusative plural masculine - not having sinned", "*homoiōmati*": "dative singular neuter - likeness/similarity", "*parabaseōs*": "genitive singular feminine - transgression/violation", "*estin*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - is", "*typos*": "nominative singular masculine - type/pattern/example", "*mellontos*": "present active participle, genitive singular masculine - one who is coming/future one" }, "variants": { "*ebasileusen*": "reigned/ruled/was king", "*thanatos*": "death/mortality", "*mechri*": "until/as far as/up to", "*mē hamartēsantas*": "not having sinned/who did not sin", "*homoiōmati*": "likeness/similarity/form", "*parabaseōs*": "transgression/violation/overstepping", "*typos*": "type/pattern/example/prefigurement", "*mellontos*": "one who is coming/future one/one about to be" } } 15 { "verseID": "Romans.5.15", "source": "Ἀλλʼ οὐχ ὡς τὸ παράπτωμα, οὕτως καὶ τὸ χάρισμα. Εἰ γὰρ τῷ τοῦ ἑνὸς παραπτώματι οἱ πολλοὶ ἀπέθανον, πολλῷ μᾶλλον ἡ χάρις τοῦ Θεοῦ, καὶ ἡ δωρεὰ ἐν χάριτι, τῇ τοῦ ἑνὸς ἀνθρώπου, Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, εἰς τοὺς πολλοὺς ἐπερίσσευσεν.", "text": "But not as the *paraptōma*, thus also the *charisma*. If *gar* by the of the *henos paraptōmati* the many *apethanon*, much more the *charis* of the *Theou*, and the *dōrea* in *chariti*, the of the *henos anthrōpou*, *Iēsou Christou*, to the many *eperisseusen*.", "grammar": { "*paraptōma*": "nominative singular neuter - trespass/offense", "*charisma*": "nominative singular neuter - free gift/grace gift", "*gar*": "postpositive conjunction - for/because", "*henos*": "genitive singular masculine - one", "*paraptōmati*": "dative singular neuter - by trespass/offense", "*apethanon*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person plural - died", "*charis*": "nominative singular feminine - grace/favor", "*Theou*": "genitive singular masculine - of God", "*dōrea*": "nominative singular feminine - gift/bounty", "*chariti*": "dative singular feminine - by grace/favor", "*henos anthrōpou*": "genitive singular masculine - of one man", "*Iēsou Christou*": "genitive singular masculine - of Jesus Christ", "*eperisseusen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - abounded/overflowed" }, "variants": { "*paraptōma*": "trespass/offense/transgression/fall", "*charisma*": "free gift/grace gift/favor", "*henos*": "one/single", "*apethanon*": "died/perished", "*charis*": "grace/favor/kindness", "*dōrea*": "gift/bounty/present", "*eperisseusen*": "abounded/overflowed/was abundant" } } 16 { "verseID": "Romans.5.16", "source": "Καὶ οὐχ ὡς διʼ ἑνὸς ἁμαρτήσαντος, τὸ δώρημα: τὸ μὲν γὰρ κρίμα ἐξ ἑνὸς εἰς κατάκριμα, τὸ δὲ χάρισμα ἐκ πολλῶν παραπτωμάτων εἰς δικαίωμα.", "text": "And not as through *henos hamartēsantos*, the *dōrēma*: the *men gar krima* from *henos* into *katakrima*, but the *charisma* from many *paraptōmatōn* into *dikaiōma*.", "grammar": { "*henos hamartēsantos*": "genitive singular masculine - one having sinned", "*dōrēma*": "nominative singular neuter - gift/present", "*men*": "particle - on the one hand/indeed", "*gar*": "postpositive conjunction - for/because", "*krima*": "nominative singular neuter - judgment", "*henos*": "genitive singular masculine - one", "*katakrima*": "accusative singular neuter - condemnation/punishment", "*charisma*": "nominative singular neuter - free gift/grace gift", "*paraptōmatōn*": "genitive plural neuter - trespasses/offenses", "*dikaiōma*": "accusative singular neuter - justification/righteous decree" }, "variants": { "*henos hamartēsantos*": "one having sinned/one who sinned", "*dōrēma*": "gift/present/bounty", "*krima*": "judgment/decision/sentence", "*katakrima*": "condemnation/punishment/guilty verdict", "*charisma*": "free gift/grace gift/favor", "*paraptōmatōn*": "trespasses/offenses/transgressions", "*dikaiōma*": "justification/righteous decree/act of righteousness" } } 17 { "verseID": "Romans.5.17", "source": "Εἰ γὰρ τῷ τοῦ ἑνὸς παραπτώματι ὁ θάνατος ἐβασίλευσεν διὰ τοῦ ἑνός· πολλῷ μᾶλλον οἱ τὴν περισσείαν τῆς χάριτος καὶ τῆς δωρεᾶς τῆς δικαιοσύνης λαμβάνοντες ἐν ζωῇ βασιλεύσουσιν διὰ τοῦ ἑνὸς, Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ.)", "text": "If *gar* by the of the *henos paraptōmati* the *thanatos ebasileusen* through the *henos*; much more those the *perisseian* of the *charitos* and of the *dōreas* of the *dikaiosynēs lambanontes* in *zōē basileusousin* through the *henos*, *Iēsou Christou*.)", "grammar": { "*gar*": "postpositive conjunction - for/because", "*henos*": "genitive singular masculine - one", "*paraptōmati*": "dative singular neuter - by trespass/offense", "*thanatos*": "nominative singular masculine - death", "*ebasileusen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - reigned/ruled", "*perisseian*": "accusative singular feminine - abundance/surplus", "*charitos*": "genitive singular feminine - of grace/favor", "*dōreas*": "genitive singular feminine - of gift/bounty", "*dikaiosynēs*": "genitive singular feminine - of righteousness", "*lambanontes*": "present active participle, nominative plural masculine - receiving/taking", "*zōē*": "dative singular feminine - life", "*basileusousin*": "future active indicative, 3rd person plural - they will reign/rule", "*Iēsou Christou*": "genitive singular masculine - of Jesus Christ" }, "variants": { "*paraptōmati*": "trespass/offense/transgression/fall", "*thanatos*": "death/mortality", "*ebasileusen*": "reigned/ruled/was king", "*perisseian*": "abundance/surplus/overflow", "*charitos*": "grace/favor/kindness", "*dōreas*": "gift/bounty/present", "*dikaiosynēs*": "righteousness/justice/rightness", "*lambanontes*": "receiving/taking/accepting", "*zōē*": "life/existence/vitality", "*basileusousin*": "they will reign/rule/be kings" } } 18 { "verseID": "Romans.5.18", "source": "Ἄρα οὖν ὡς διʼ ἑνὸς παραπτώματος εἰς πάντας ἀνθρώπους εἰς κατάκριμα· οὕτως καὶ διʼ ἑνὸς δικαιώματος εἰς πάντας ἀνθρώπους εἰς δικαίωσιν ζωῆς.", "text": "*Ara* therefore as through *henos paraptōmatos* to all *anthrōpous* to *katakrima*; thus also through *henos dikaiōmatos* to all *anthrōpous* to *dikaiōsin zōēs*.", "grammar": { "*Ara*": "inferential particle - then/therefore/consequently", "*henos*": "genitive singular masculine - one", "*paraptōmatos*": "genitive singular neuter - trespass/offense", "*anthrōpous*": "accusative plural masculine - men/human beings", "*katakrima*": "accusative singular neuter - condemnation/punishment", "*dikaiōmatos*": "genitive singular neuter - righteous act/decree of righteousness", "*dikaiōsin*": "accusative singular feminine - justification/act of righteousness", "*zōēs*": "genitive singular feminine - of life" }, "variants": { "*Ara*": "therefore/consequently/so then", "*paraptōmatos*": "trespass/offense/transgression/fall", "*anthrōpous*": "men/human beings/people", "*katakrima*": "condemnation/punishment/guilty verdict", "*dikaiōmatos*": "righteous act/decree of righteousness/just requirement", "*dikaiōsin*": "justification/act of righteousness/acquittal", "*zōēs*": "life/existence/vitality" } } 19 { "verseID": "Romans.5.19", "source": "Ὥσπερ γὰρ διὰ τῆς παρακοῆς τοῦ ἑνὸς ἀνθρώπου ἁμαρτωλοὶ κατεστάθησαν οἱ πολλοί, οὕτως καὶ διὰ τῆς ὑπακοῆς τοῦ ἑνὸς δίκαιοι κατασταθήσονται οἱ πολλοί.", "text": "Just as *gar* through the *parakoēs* of the *henos anthrōpou hamartōloi katestathēsan* the many, thus also through the *hypakoēs* of the *henos dikaioi katastathēsontai* the many.", "grammar": { "*gar*": "postpositive conjunction - for/because", "*parakoēs*": "genitive singular feminine - disobedience", "*henos anthrōpou*": "genitive singular masculine - one man", "*hamartōloi*": "nominative plural masculine - sinners", "*katestathēsan*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person plural - were constituted/appointed/made", "*hypakoēs*": "genitive singular feminine - obedience", "*henos*": "genitive singular masculine - one", "*dikaioi*": "nominative plural masculine - righteous ones", "*katastathēsontai*": "future passive indicative, 3rd person plural - will be constituted/appointed/made" }, "variants": { "*parakoēs*": "disobedience/refusal to hear/insubordination", "*hamartōloi*": "sinners/transgressors", "*katestathēsan*": "were constituted/appointed/made/established", "*hypakoēs*": "obedience/compliance/submission", "*dikaioi*": "righteous ones/just ones", "*katastathēsontai*": "will be constituted/appointed/made/established" } }
• Gen 3:16 : 16 { "verseID": "Genesis.3.16", "source": "אֶֽל־הָאִשָּׁ֣ה אָמַ֗ר הַרְבָּ֤ה אַרְבֶּה֙ עִצְּבוֹנֵ֣ךְ וְהֵֽרֹנֵ֔ךְ בְּעֶ֖צֶב תֵּֽלְדִ֣י בָנִ֑ים וְאֶל־אִישֵׁךְ֙ תְּשׁ֣וּקָתֵ֔ךְ וְה֖וּא יִמְשָׁל־בָּֽךְ׃", "text": "To the *ʾiššāh* *ʾāmar*: *harbāh* *ʾarbeh* *ʿiṣṣĕbônēk* and *hērōnēk*; in *ʿeṣeb* *tēlĕdî* *bānîm*; and to *ʾîšēk* *tĕšûqātēk*, and he *yimšāl*-in you.", "grammar": { "*ʾiššāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - woman", "*ʾāmar*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he said", "*harbāh*": "verb, hiphil infinitive absolute - great/greatly/much", "*ʾarbeh*": "verb, hiphil imperfect, 1st singular - I will increase/multiply", "*ʿiṣṣĕbônēk*": "noun, masculine, singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your pain/sorrow", "*hērōnēk*": "noun, masculine, singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your conception/pregnancy", "*ʿeṣeb*": "noun, masculine, singular - pain/labor/hardship", "*tēlĕdî*": "verb, qal imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - you will bear/bring forth", "*bānîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - children/sons", "*ʾîšēk*": "noun, masculine, singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your husband", "*tĕšûqātēk*": "noun, feminine, singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your desire", "*yimšāl*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will rule" }, "variants": { "*harbāh ʾarbeh*": "emphatic construction - I will greatly multiply/surely increase", "*ʿiṣṣābôn*": "pain/sorrow/toil", "*tĕšûqāh*": "desire/longing/craving", "*māšal*": "rule/have dominion/govern" } }
• Job 14:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Job.14.4", "source": "מִֽי־יִתֵּ֣ן טָ֭הוֹר מִטָּמֵ֗א לֹ֣א אֶחָֽד׃", "text": "*mî*-*yittēn* *ṭāhôr* *miṭṭāmēʾ* *lōʾ* *ʾeḥād*", "grammar": { "*mî*": "interrogative pronoun - who", "*yittēn*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person, masculine, singular - he gives/would give", "*ṭāhôr*": "adjective, masculine, singular - clean/pure", "*miṭṭāmēʾ*": "preposition + adjective, masculine, singular - from unclean", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ʾeḥād*": "numeral, masculine, singular - one" }, "variants": { "*mî-yittēn*": "who can give/who would give (idiomatic expression: 'if only')", "*ṭāhôr*": "clean/pure/clear", "*ṭāmēʾ*": "unclean/impure/defiled", "*lōʾ ʾeḥād*": "not one/no one/none" } }
• Job 15:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Job.15.14", "source": "מָה־אֱנוֹשׁ כִּי־יִזְכֶּה וְכִי־יִצְדַּק יְלוּד אִשָּׁה", "text": "*māh-ʾĕnôš* *kî-yizkkeh* *wə-ḵî-yiṣdaq* *yəlûd* *ʾiššāh*", "grammar": { "*māh-ʾĕnôš*": "interrogative pronoun + noun, masculine singular - what is man", "*kî-yizkkeh*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - that he should be pure", "*wə-ḵî-yiṣdaq*": "conjunction + conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and that he should be righteous", "*yəlûd*": "qal passive participle, masculine singular construct - one born of", "*ʾiššāh*": "noun, feminine singular - woman" }, "variants": { "*ʾĕnôš*": "man, mankind, humanity", "*zāḵāh*": "to be pure, clean, innocent", "*ṣādaq*": "to be right, righteous, just", "*yālad*": "to bear, beget, bring forth", "*ʾiššāh*": "woman, wife, female" } }
• Job 25:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Job.25.4", "source": "וּמַה־יִּצְדַּ֣ק אֱנ֣וֹשׁ עִם־אֵ֑ל וּמַה־יִּ֝זְכֶּ֗ה יְל֣וּד אִשָּֽׁה׃", "text": "*ū-mah-yiṣdaq ʾĕnōš ʿim-ʾēl ū-mah-yizkeh yəlūd ʾiššāh*", "grammar": { "*ū-mah-yiṣdaq*": "conjunction + interrogative + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and how can be justified", "*ʾĕnōš*": "noun, masculine singular - man/mortal", "*ʿim-ʾēl*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - with God", "*ū-mah-yizkeh*": "conjunction + interrogative + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and how can be pure", "*yəlūd*": "qal passive participle, masculine singular construct - born of", "*ʾiššāh*": "noun, feminine singular - woman" }, "variants": { "*yiṣdaq*": "to be righteous, justified, right", "*ʾĕnōš*": "man, mortal, mankind", "*ʾēl*": "God, deity, divine being", "*yizkeh*": "to be pure, clean, innocent", "*yəlūd*": "born, offspring", "*ʾiššāh*": "woman, wife, female" } }
• Ps 51:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Psalms.51.5", "source": "כִּֽי־פְ֭שָׁעַי אֲנִ֣י אֵדָ֑ע וְחַטָּאתִ֖י נֶגְדִּ֣י תָמִֽיד׃", "text": "For-*pəšāʿay* *ʾănî* *ʾēdāʿ* and-*ḥaṭṭāʾtî* *negdî* *tāmîd*", "grammar": { "*pəšāʿay*": "masculine plural noun with 1st person singular suffix - my transgressions", "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular personal pronoun - I", "*ʾēdāʿ*": "Qal imperfect 1st person singular - I know", "*ḥaṭṭāʾtî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my sin", "*negdî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - before me/opposite me", "*tāmîd*": "adverb - continually/always" }, "variants": { "*pəšāʿay*": "my transgressions/rebellions/crimes", "*ʾēdāʿ*": "I know/recognize/acknowledge", "*ḥaṭṭāʾtî*": "my sin/offense/failure", "*negdî*": "before me/opposite me/in front of me", "*tāmîd*": "continually/always/constantly" } }