Numbers 13:20

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Numbers.13.20", "source": "וּמָ֣ה הָ֠אָרֶץ הַשְּׁמֵנָ֨ה הִ֜וא אִם־רָזָ֗ה הֲיֵֽשׁ־בָּ֥הּ עֵץ֙ אִם־אַ֔יִן וְהִ֨תְחַזַּקְתֶּ֔ם וּלְקַחְתֶּ֖ם מִפְּרִ֣י הָאָ֑רֶץ וְהַ֨יָּמִ֔ים יְמֵ֖י בִּכּוּרֵ֥י עֲנָבִֽים׃", "text": "*û-mâ* *hā-ʾāreṣ* *ha-šəmēnâ* *hîʾ* *ʾim*-*rāzâ* *hă-yēš*-*bāh* *ʿēṣ* *ʾim*-*ʾayin* *wə-hitḥazzaqtem* *û-ləqaḥtem* *mi-pərî* *hā-ʾāreṣ* *wə-ha-yāmîm* *yəmê* *bikkûrê* *ʿănābîm*", "grammar": { "*û-mâ*": "conjunction + interrogative pronoun - and what", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the land", "*ha-šəmēnâ*": "definite article + adjective, feminine singular - the fat/rich", "*hîʾ*": "personal pronoun, 3rd feminine singular - it", "*ʾim*": "conjunction - or", "*rāzâ*": "adjective, feminine singular - lean/poor", "*hă-yēš*": "interrogative particle + existential particle - is there", "*bāh*": "preposition + 3rd feminine singular suffix - in it", "*ʿēṣ*": "noun, masculine singular - tree", "*ʾim*": "conjunction - or", "*ʾayin*": "negative particle - nothing/none", "*wə-hitḥazzaqtem*": "conjunction + Hithpael perfect, 2nd masculine plural - and strengthen yourselves", "*û-ləqaḥtem*": "conjunction + Qal perfect, 2nd masculine plural - and take", "*mi-pərî*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - from fruit of", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the land", "*wə-ha-yāmîm*": "conjunction + definite article + noun, masculine plural - and the days", "*yəmê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - days of", "*bikkûrê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - firstfruits of", "*ʿănābîm*": "noun, masculine plural - grapes" }, "variants": { "*šəmēnâ*": "fat/rich/fertile", "*rāzâ*": "lean/poor/thin", "*ʿēṣ*": "tree/wood/timber (metaphorically: resources)", "*hitḥazzaqtem*": "strengthen yourselves/be courageous/take courage", "*bikkûrê*": "firstfruits/first ripe/early ripening" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וּמָ֣ה הָ֠אָרֶץ הַשְּׁמֵנָ֨ה הִ֜וא אִם־רָזָ֗ה הֲיֵֽשׁ־בָּ֥הּ עֵץ֙ אִם־אַ֔יִן וְהִ֨תְחַזַּקְתֶּ֔ם וּלְקַחְתֶּ֖ם מִפְּרִ֣י הָאָ֑רֶץ וְהַ֨יָּמִ֔ים יְמֵ֖י בִּכּוּרֵ֥י עֲנָבִֽים׃

Transliteration

û-mâ hā-ʾāreṣ ha-šəmēnâ hîʾ ʾim-rāzâ hă-yēš-bāh ʿēṣ ʾim-ʾayin wə-hitḥazzaqtem û-ləqaḥtem mi-pərî hā-ʾāreṣ wə-ha-yāmîm yəmê bikkûrê ʿănābîm

Grammar Details

• *û-mâ*: conjunction + interrogative pronoun - and what
• *hā-ʾāreṣ*: definite article + noun, feminine singular - the land
• *ha-šəmēnâ*: definite article + adjective, feminine singular - the fat/rich
• *hîʾ*: personal pronoun, 3rd feminine singular - it
• *ʾim*: conjunction - or
• *rāzâ*: adjective, feminine singular - lean/poor
• *hă-yēš*: interrogative particle + existential particle - is there
• *bāh*: preposition + 3rd feminine singular suffix - in it
• *ʿēṣ*: noun, masculine singular - tree
• *ʾayin*: negative particle - nothing/none
• *wə-hitḥazzaqtem*: conjunction + Hithpael perfect, 2nd masculine plural - and strengthen yourselves
• *û-ləqaḥtem*: conjunction + Qal perfect, 2nd masculine plural - and take
• *mi-pərî*: preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - from fruit of
• *wə-ha-yāmîm*: conjunction + definite article + noun, masculine plural - and the days
• *yəmê*: noun, masculine plural construct - days of
• *bikkûrê*: noun, masculine plural construct - firstfruits of
• *ʿănābîm*: noun, masculine plural - grapes

Word Meanings

• *šəmēnâ*: fat/rich/fertile
• *rāzâ*: lean/poor/thin
• *ʿēṣ*: tree/wood/timber (metaphorically: resources)
• *hitḥazzaqtem*: strengthen yourselves/be courageous/take courage
• *bikkûrê*: firstfruits/first ripe/early ripening

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  And what is the land like—is it fertile or barren? Does it have trees or not? Be courageous, and bring back some of the fruit of the land.” It was the season for the first ripe grapes.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And what the land is, whether it be fat or lean, whether there be wood therein, or not. And be ye of good courage, and bring of the fruit of the land. Now the time was the time of the firstripe grapes.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  And what the land is, whether it is rich or poor, whether there is wood in it, or not. Be of good courage, and bring some of the fruit of the land. Now was the time of the first ripe grapes.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And what the land is, whether it be fat or lean, whether there be wood therein, or not. And be ye of good courage, and bring of the fruit of the land. Now the time was the time of the firstripe grapes.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  and what the land{H776} is, whether it is fat{H8082} or lean,{H7330} whether there is{H3426} wood{H6086} therein, or not. And be ye of good courage,{H2388} and bring{H3947} of the fruit{H6529} of the land.{H776} Now the time{H3117} was the time{H3117} of the first-ripe{H1061} grapes.{H6025}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And what the land{H776} is, whether it be fat{H8082} or lean{H7330}, whether there be{H3426} wood{H6086} therein, or not. And be ye of good courage{H2388}{(H8694)}, and bring{H3947}{(H8804)} of the fruit{H6529} of the land{H776}. Now the time{H3117} was the time{H3117} of the firstripe{H1061} grapes{H6025}.

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  ad what maner of londe it is: whether it be fatt or leane and whether there be trees therein or not. And be of a good corage and brynge of the frutes of the londe. And it was aboute the tyme that grapes are first rype.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  and what maner of lande it is, whether it be fatt or leane, and whether there be trees therin, or not. Be of a good corage, and bringe of the frutes of the londe. It was euen aboute the tyme, that grapes are first rype.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  (13:21) And what the land is: whether it be fat or leane, whether there be trees therein, or not. And be of good courage, and bring of the fruite of the lande (for then was the time of the first ripe grapes)

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And what maner of lande that is, whether it be fat or leane, and whether there be trees therin or not. Be of good courage, and bryng of the fruite of the lande: And it was about the tyme that grapes are first rype.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  And what the land [is], whether it [be] fat or lean, whether there be wood therein, or not. And be ye of good courage, and bring of the fruit of the land. Now the time [was] the time of the firstripe grapes.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  and what the land is, whether it is fat or lean, whether there is wood therein, or not. Be of good courage, and bring of the fruit of the land. Now the time was the time of the first-ripe grapes.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  And what the land `is', whether it `is' fat or lean; whether there is wood in it or not; and ye have strengthened yourselves, and have taken of the fruit of the land;' and the days `are' days of the first-fruits of grapes.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  and what the land is, whether it is fat or lean, whether there is wood therein, or not. And be ye of good courage, and bring of the fruit of the land. Now the time was the time of the first-ripe grapes.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  and what the land is, whether it is fat or lean, whether there is wood therein, or not. And be ye of good courage, and bring of the fruit of the land. Now the time was the time of the first-ripe grapes.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And if the land is fertile or poor, and if there is wood in it or not. And be of good heart, and come back with some of the produce of the land. Now it was the time when the first grapes were ready.

• World English Bible (2000)

  and what the land is, whether it is fat or lean, whether there is wood therein, or not. Be courageous, and bring of the fruit of the land. Now the time was the time of the first-ripe grapes."

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  and whether the land is rich or poor, and whether or not there are forests in it. And be brave, and bring back some of the fruit of the land.” Now it was the time of year for the first ripe grapes.

Referenced Verses

• Deut 31:23 : 23 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.31.23", "source": "וַיְצַ֞ו אֶת־יְהוֹשֻׁ֣עַ בִּן־נ֗וּן וַיֹּאמֶר֮ חֲזַ֣ק וֶֽאֱמָץ֒ כִּ֣י אַתָּ֗ה תָּבִיא֙ אֶת־בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אֶל־הָאָ֖רֶץ אֲשֶׁר־נִשְׁבַּ֣עְתִּי לָהֶ֑ם וְאָנֹכִ֖י אֶֽהְיֶ֥ה עִמָּֽךְ׃", "text": "*wa-yəṣaw ʾet-yəhôšuaʿ bin-nûn wa-yōʾmer ḥăzaq we-ʾĕmāṣ kî ʾattāh tābîʾ ʾet-bənê yiśrāʾēl ʾel-hā-ʾāreṣ ʾăšer-nišbaʿtî lāhem wə-ʾānōkî ʾehyeh ʿimmāk*", "grammar": { "*wa-yəṣaw*": "waw consecutive + Piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he commanded", "*ʾet-yəhôšuaʿ*": "direct object marker + proper noun - Joshua", "*bin-nûn*": "noun, masculine singular construct + proper noun - son of Nun", "*wa-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and said", "*ḥăzaq*": "Qal imperative, masculine singular - be strong", "*we-ʾĕmāṣ*": "waw conjunctive + Qal imperative, masculine singular - and be courageous", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʾattāh*": "2nd masculine singular independent pronoun - you", "*tābîʾ*": "Hiphil imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - will bring", "*ʾet-bənê*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine plural construct - the sons of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʾel-hā-ʾāreṣ*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - to the land", "*ʾăšer-nišbaʿtî*": "relative pronoun + Niphal perfect, 1st singular - which I swore", "*lāhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - to them", "*wə-ʾānōkî*": "waw conjunctive + 1st singular independent pronoun - and I", "*ʾehyeh*": "Qal imperfect, 1st singular - will be", "*ʿimmāk*": "preposition + 2nd masculine singular suffix - with you" }, "variants": { "*yəṣaw*": "commanded/commissioned/charged", "*ḥăzaq*": "be strong/be firm/be resolute", "*ʾĕmāṣ*": "be courageous/be brave/be determined", "*tābîʾ*": "will bring/will lead/will cause to enter", "*ʾehyeh ʿimmāk*": "will be with you/will remain beside you/will support you" } }
• Neh 9:25 : 25 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.9.25", "source": "וַֽיִּלְכְּד֞וּ עָרִ֣ים בְּצֻרוֹת֮ וַאֲדָמָ֣ה שְׁמֵנָה֒ וַיִּֽירְשׁ֡וּ בָּתִּ֣ים מְלֵֽאִים־כָּל־ט֠וּב בֹּר֨וֹת חֲצוּבִ֜ים כְּרָמִ֧ים וְזֵיתִ֛ים וְעֵ֥ץ מַאֲכָ֖ל לָרֹ֑ב וַיֹּאכְל֤וּ וַֽיִּשְׂבְּעוּ֙ וַיַּשְׁמִ֔ינוּ וַיִּֽתְעַדְּנ֖וּ בְּטוּבְךָ֥ הַגָּדֽוֹל׃", "text": "*wayyilkədû ʿārîm bəṣurôt waʾădāmāh šəmēnāh wayyîrəšû bāttîm məlēʾîm-kol-ṭûb bōrôt ḥăṣûbîm kərāmîm wə-zêtîm wə-ʿēṣ maʾăḵāl lārōb wayyōʾḵəlû wayyiśbəʿû wayyašmînû wayyitʿaddənû bəṭûbəḵā haggādôl", "grammar": { "*wayyilkədû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3mp - and they captured", "*ʿārîm*": "noun, feminine plural - cities", "*bəṣurôt*": "adjective, feminine plural - fortified", "*waʾădāmāh*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular - and land/soil", "*šəmēnāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - fat/fertile", "*wayyîrəšû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3mp - and they possessed", "*bāttîm*": "noun, masculine plural - houses", "*məlēʾîm-kol-ṭûb*": "adjective, masculine plural + noun + noun - full of all goods", "*bōrôt*": "noun, masculine plural - cisterns", "*ḥăṣûbîm*": "qal passive participle, masculine plural - hewn", "*kərāmîm*": "noun, masculine plural - vineyards", "*wə-zêtîm*": "conjunction + noun, masculine plural - and olive trees", "*wə-ʿēṣ*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - and trees of", "*maʾăḵāl*": "noun, masculine singular - food", "*lārōb*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - in abundance", "*wayyōʾḵəlû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3mp - and they ate", "*wayyiśbəʿû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3mp - and they were satisfied", "*wayyašmînû*": "conjunction + hiphil imperfect, 3mp - and they grew fat", "*wayyitʿaddənû*": "conjunction + hithpael imperfect, 3mp - and they luxuriated", "*bəṭûbəḵā*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular + 2ms suffix - in your goodness", "*haggādôl*": "definite article + adjective, masculine singular - the great" }, "variants": { "*ʿārîm bəṣurôt*": "fortified cities/walled cities", "*ʾădāmāh šəmēnāh*": "fertile land/rich soil/productive ground", "*bāttîm məlēʾîm-kol-ṭûb*": "houses full of all good things/dwellings filled with every valuable item", "*bōrôt ḥăṣûbîm*": "hewn cisterns/carved out wells", "*kərāmîm wə-zêtîm wə-ʿēṣ maʾăḵāl*": "vineyards and olive trees and fruit trees", "*wayyiśbəʿû*": "were satisfied/were filled/had enough", "*wayyašmînû*": "grew fat/became plump/prospered", "*wayyitʿaddənû*": "luxuriated/delighted themselves/lived in luxury", "*bəṭûbəḵā haggādôl*": "in your great goodness/in your abundant bounty" } }
• Neh 9:35 : 35 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.9.35", "source": "וְהֵ֣ם בְּמַלְכוּתָם֩ וּבְטוּבְךָ֨ הָרָ֜ב אֲשֶׁר־נָתַ֣תָּ לָהֶ֗ם וּבְאֶ֨רֶץ הָרְחָבָ֧ה וְהַשְּׁמֵנָ֛ה אֲשֶׁר־נָתַ֥תָּ לִפְנֵיהֶ֖ם לֹ֣א עֲבָד֑וּךָ וְֽלֹא־שָׁ֔בוּ מִמַּֽעַלְלֵיהֶ֖ם הָרָעִֽים׃", "text": "And-they in-*malḵûṯām* and-in-*ṭûḇəḵā* *hā-rāḇ* which-*nāṯattā* to-them and-in-*ʾereṣ* *hā-rəḥāḇāh* *wə-haš-šəmēnāh* which-*nāṯattā* before-them not *ʿăḇāḏûḵā* and-not-*šāḇû* from-*maʿalələêhem* *hā-rāʿîm*.", "grammar": { "*wə-hēm*": "conjunction + 3rd person masculine plural pronoun - and they", "*bə-malḵûṯām*": "preposition + feminine singular noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - in their kingdom", "*û-ḇə-ṭûḇəḵā*": "conjunction + preposition + masculine singular noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - and in your goodness", "*hā-rāḇ*": "definite article + masculine singular adjective - the abundant", "*ʾăšer-nāṯattā*": "relative pronoun + Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - which you gave", "*lāhem*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to them", "*û-ḇə-ʾereṣ*": "conjunction + preposition + feminine singular noun - and in land", "*hā-rəḥāḇāh*": "definite article + feminine singular adjective - the spacious/broad", "*wə-haš-šəmēnāh*": "conjunction + definite article + feminine singular adjective - and the fertile/rich", "*ʾăšer-nāṯattā*": "relative pronoun + Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - which you gave", "*li-p̄nêhem*": "preposition + masculine plural noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - before them", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ʿăḇāḏûḵā*": "Qal perfect 3rd person plural + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - they served you", "*wə-lōʾ-šāḇû*": "conjunction + negative particle + Qal perfect 3rd person plural - and they did not turn", "*mi-maʿalələêhem*": "preposition + masculine plural noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - from their deeds", "*hā-rāʿîm*": "definite article + masculine plural adjective - the evil/wicked" }, "variants": { "*malḵûṯām*": "their kingdom/their realm/their royal power", "*ṭûḇəḵā*": "your goodness/your bounty/your prosperity", "*rāḇ*": "abundant/great/much", "*nāṯattā*": "gave/provided/bestowed", "*ʾereṣ*": "land/earth/territory", "*rəḥāḇāh*": "spacious/broad/wide", "*šəmēnāh*": "fertile/rich/fat", "*ʿăḇāḏûḵā*": "served you/worked for you/worshiped you", "*šāḇû*": "turned/returned/repented", "*maʿalələêhem*": "their deeds/their practices/their actions", "*rāʿîm*": "evil/wicked/harmful" } }
• Ezek 34:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.34.14", "source": "בְּמִרְעֶה־טּוֹב֙ אֶרְעֶ֣ה אֹתָ֔ם וּבְהָרֵ֥י מְרֽוֹם־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל יִהְיֶ֣ה נְוֵהֶ֑ם שָׁ֤ם תִּרְבַּ֙צְנָה֙ בְּנָ֣וֶה טּ֔וֹב וּמִרְעֶ֥ה שָׁמֵ֛ן תִּרְעֶ֖ינָה אֶל־הָרֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "In-*mirʿeh*-*ṭôḇ* *ʾerʿeh* them, and-in-*hārê* *mərôm*-*Yiśrāʾēl* *yihyeh* *nəwēhem*; there *tirbaṣnâ* in-*nāweh* *ṭôḇ* and-*mirʿeh* *šāmēn* *tirʿeynâ* to-*hārê* *Yiśrāʾēl*.", "grammar": { "*mirʿeh*": "noun, masculine singular construct - pasture of", "*ṭôḇ*": "adjective, masculine singular - good", "*ʾerʿeh*": "qal imperfect, 1st singular - I will feed", "*hārê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - mountains of", "*mərôm*": "noun, masculine singular construct - height of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun", "*yihyeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - it will be", "*nəwēhem*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their fold", "*tirbaṣnâ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine plural - they will lie down", "*nāweh*": "noun, masculine singular - fold/pasture", "*ṭôḇ*": "adjective, masculine singular - good", "*mirʿeh*": "noun, masculine singular - pasture", "*šāmēn*": "adjective, masculine singular - fat/rich", "*tirʿeynâ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine plural - they will feed", "*hārê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - mountains of" }, "variants": { "*mirʿeh*": "pasture/grazing land", "*ṭôḇ*": "good/pleasant/agreeable", "*ʾerʿeh*": "I will feed/shepherd/tend", "*hārê*": "mountains of", "*mərôm*": "height/high place", "*yihyeh*": "will be/exist/happen", "*nəwēhem*": "their fold/place of rest", "*tirbaṣnâ*": "they will lie down/rest", "*nāweh*": "fold/dwelling/habitation", "*šāmēn*": "fat/rich/fertile", "*tirʿeynâ*": "they will feed/graze" } }
• Mic 7:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Micah.7.1", "source": "אַ֣לְלַי לִ֗י כִּ֤י הָיִ֙יתִי֙ כְּאָסְפֵּי־קַ֔יִץ כְּעֹלְלֹ֖ת בָּצִ֑יר אֵין־אֶשְׁכּ֣וֹל לֶאֱכ֔וֹל בִּכּוּרָ֖ה אִוְּתָ֥ה נַפְשִֽׁי׃", "text": "*ʾallay* to me, for *hāyîtî* like *ʾōsəpê*-*qayiṣ*, like *ʿōləlōt* *bāṣîr*; *ʾên*-*ʾešəkôl* to eat, *bikkûrāh* *ʾiwwətāh* *napəšî*.", "grammar": { "*ʾallay*": "interjection - woe/alas", "*lî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - to/for me", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*hāyîtî*": "Qal perfect, 1st person singular - I have become/I am", "*kə*": "preposition - like/as", "*ʾōsəpê*": "construct plural noun - gatherings/gleanings of", "*qayiṣ*": "masculine singular noun - summer fruit/harvest", "*ʿōləlōt*": "feminine plural noun - gleanings", "*bāṣîr*": "masculine singular noun - grape harvest/vintage", "*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there is not", "*ʾešəkôl*": "masculine singular noun - cluster (of grapes)", "*leʾĕkôl*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to eat", "*bikkûrāh*": "feminine singular noun - early/first-ripe fig", "*ʾiwwətāh*": "Piel perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - it desires/longs for", "*napəšî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my soul/self" }, "variants": { "*ʾallay*": "woe/alas/ah me", "*ʾōsəpê-qayiṣ*": "gatherings of summer fruit/late harvest/gleanings after the main harvest", "*ʿōləlōt*": "gleanings/leftover grapes after harvest", "*bāṣîr*": "grape harvest/vintage/grape-gathering", "*ʾešəkôl*": "cluster of grapes/bunch", "*bikkûrāh*": "first-ripe fig/early fruit/first-fruit", "*ʾiwwətāh*": "desires/longs for/craves", "*napəšî*": "my soul/my appetite/myself/my being" } }
• Heb 13:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Hebrews.13.6", "source": "Ὥστε θαρροῦντας ἡμᾶς λέγειν, Κύριος ἐμοὶ βοηθός, καὶ οὐ φοβηθήσομαι τί ποιήσει μοι ἄνθρωπος.", "text": "*Hōste* *tharrountas* us *legein*, *Kyrios* to me *boēthos*, *kai* *ou* *phobēthēsomai* what *poiēsei* to me *anthrōpos*.", "grammar": { "*hōste*": "conjunction - so that/therefore", "*tharrountas*": "present, active, participle, accusative, masculine, plural - being confident/courageous", "*legein*": "present, active, infinitive - to say/speak", "*Kyrios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Lord", "*boēthos*": "nominative, masculine, singular, noun - helper", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*ou*": "negative particle - not", "*phobēthēsomai*": "future, passive, indicative, 1st person, singular - I will fear", "*poiēsei*": "future, active, indicative, 3rd person, singular - will do/make", "*anthrōpos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - man/human" }, "variants": { "*tharrountas*": "being confident/courageous/bold/taking courage", "*Kyrios*": "Lord/Master", "*boēthos*": "helper/assistant/aid", "*phobēthēsomai*": "I will fear/be afraid", "*poiēsei*": "will do/make/perform/accomplish", "*anthrōpos*": "man/human/person/mankind" } }
• Josh 1:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Joshua.1.6", "source": "חֲזַ֖ק וֶאֱמָ֑ץ כִּ֣י אַתָּ֗ה תַּנְחִיל֙ אֶת־הָעָ֣ם הַזֶּ֔ה אֶת־הָאָ֕רֶץ אֲשֶׁר־נִשְׁבַּ֥עְתִּי לַאֲבוֹתָ֖ם לָתֵ֥ת לָהֶֽם", "text": "*Ḥazaq* and-*ʾĕmāts* for you *tanḥîl* *ʾet*-the *hāʿām* the-this *ʾet*-the *hāʾārets* which-*nishbaʿtî* to-their-*ʾăbôtām* to-give to-them", "grammar": { "*Ḥazaq*": "qal imperative masculine singular - be strong", "*ʾĕmāts*": "qal imperative masculine singular - be courageous", "*tanḥîl*": "hiphil imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you will cause to inherit", "*hāʿām*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the people", "*hāʾārets*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the land", "*nishbaʿtî*": "niphal perfect 1st singular - I swore/have sworn", "*ʾăbôtām*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their fathers" }, "variants": { "*Ḥazaq*": "be strong/strengthen/prevail", "*ʾĕmāts*": "be courageous/brave/resolute", "*tanḥîl*": "you will cause to inherit/give possession/divide inheritance", "*ʾăbôtām*": "their fathers/ancestors/forefathers" } }
• Josh 1:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Joshua.1.9", "source": "הֲל֤וֹא צִוִּיתִ֙יךָ֙ חֲזַ֣ק וֶאֱמָ֔ץ אַֽל־תַּעֲרֹ֖ץ וְאַל־תֵּחָ֑ת כִּ֤י עִמְּךָ֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ בְּכֹ֖ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר תֵּלֵֽךְ", "text": "Have-not *tsiwwîtîkā* *ḥazaq* and-*ʾĕmāts* not-*taʿărōts* and-not-*tēḥāt* for with-you *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā* in-all which *tēlēk*", "grammar": { "*tsiwwîtîkā*": "piel perfect 1st singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - I have commanded you", "*ḥazaq*": "qal imperative masculine singular - be strong", "*ʾĕmāts*": "qal imperative masculine singular - be courageous", "*taʿărōts*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you will be terrified", "*tēḥāt*": "niphal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you will be dismayed", "*YHWH*": "divine name - the LORD", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your God", "*tēlēk*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you will go" }, "variants": { "*tsiwwîtîkā*": "I have commanded you/I commanded you", "*ḥazaq*": "be strong/strengthen/prevail", "*ʾĕmāts*": "be courageous/brave/resolute", "*taʿărōts*": "be terrified/afraid/tremble", "*tēḥāt*": "be dismayed/discouraged/broken" } }
• Josh 2:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Joshua.2.3", "source": "וַיִּשְׁלַח֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ יְרִיח֔וֹ אֶל־רָחָ֖ב לֵאמֹ֑ר ה֠וֹצִ֠יאִי הָאֲנָשִׁ֨ים הַבָּאִ֤ים אֵלַ֙יִךְ֙ אֲשֶׁר־בָּ֣אוּ לְבֵיתֵ֔ךְ כִּ֛י לַחְפֹּ֥ר אֶת־כָּל־הָאָ֖רֶץ בָּֽאוּ", "text": "And-*wayyišlaḥ* king *Yərîḥô* to-*Rāḥāḇ* saying, *hôṣîʾî* the-men the-*habbāʾîm* to-you who-*bāʾû* to-your-house for to-*laḥpōr* *ʾet*-all-the-land they-*bāʾû*", "grammar": { "*wayyišlaḥ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he sent", "*Yərîḥô*": "proper noun - Jericho", "*Rāḥāḇ*": "proper noun, feminine singular - Rahab", "*hôṣîʾî*": "hiphil imperative feminine singular - bring out", "*habbāʾîm*": "definite article + qal participle masculine plural - the ones coming/entering", "*bāʾû*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - have come/entered", "*laḥpōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to search/explore/spy out" }, "variants": { "*hôṣîʾî*": "bring out/deliver/produce", "*laḥpōr*": "to search/explore/dig/spy out" } }
• Josh 2:22-23 : 22 { "verseID": "Joshua.2.22", "source": "וַיֵּלְכוּ֙ וַיָּבֹ֣אוּ הָהָ֔רָה וַיֵּ֤שְׁבוּ שָׁם֙ שְׁלֹ֣שֶׁת יָמִ֔ים עַד־שָׁ֖בוּ הָרֹדְפִ֑ים וַיְבַקְשׁ֧וּ הָרֹדְפִ֛ים בְּכָל־הַדֶּ֖רֶךְ וְלֹ֥א מָצָֽאוּ", "text": "And-*wayyēlḵû* and-*wayyāḇōʾû* to-the-*hāhārâ* and-*wayyēšḇû* there three days until-*šāḇû* the-pursuers and-*wayḇaqšû* the-pursuers in-all-the-way and-not *māṣāʾû*", "grammar": { "*wayyēlḵû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they went", "*wayyāḇōʾû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they came", "*hāhārâ*": "definite article + noun masculine singular + directional he - to the mountain/hill country", "*wayyēšḇû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they stayed", "*šāḇû*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - they returned", "*wayḇaqšû*": "waw consecutive + piel imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they sought", "*māṣāʾû*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - they found" }, "variants": { "*wayyēšḇû*": "stayed/remained/dwelt" } } 23 { "verseID": "Joshua.2.23", "source": "וַיָּשֻׁ֜בוּ שְׁנֵ֤י הָֽאֲנָשִׁים֙ וַיֵּרְד֣וּ מֵֽהָהָ֔ר וַיַּעַבְרוּ֙ וַיָּבֹ֔אוּ אֶל־יְהוֹשֻׁ֖עַ בִּן־נ֑וּן וַיְסַ֨פְּרוּ־ל֔וֹ אֵ֥ת כָּל־הַמֹּצְא֖וֹת אוֹתָֽם", "text": "And-*wayyāšuḇû* two the-men and-*wayyērəḏû* from-the-mountain and-*wayyaʿaḇrû* and-*wayyāḇōʾû* to-*Yəhôšuaʿ* *bēn*-*Nûn* and-*wayəsappərû*-to-him *ʾēṯ* all-the-*hammōṣəʾôṯ* them", "grammar": { "*wayyāšuḇû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they returned", "*wayyērəḏû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they came down", "*wayyaʿaḇrû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they crossed over", "*wayyāḇōʾû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they came", "*Yəhôšuaʿ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Joshua", "*bēn*": "construct state noun, masculine singular - son of", "*Nûn*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Nun", "*wayəsappərû*": "waw consecutive + piel imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they told", "*ʾēṯ*": "direct object marker", "*hammōṣəʾôṯ*": "definite article + qal participle feminine plural - the befalling/happening" }, "variants": { "*hammōṣəʾôṯ*": "befalling/happening/finding/occurring" } }
• 1 Chr 22:11 : 11 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.22.11", "source": "עַתָּ֣ה בְנִ֔י יְהִ֥י יְהוָ֖ה עִמָּ֑ךְ וְהִצְלַחְתָּ֗ וּבָנִ֙יתָ֙ בֵּ֚ית יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ כַּאֲשֶׁ֖ר דִּבֶּ֥ר עָלֶֽיךָ׃", "text": "Now *bᵊnî* *yᵊhî* *YHWH* with you, and *wᵊhiṣlaḥtā*, and *ûbānîtā* house of *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā* as which *dibbēr* concerning you.", "grammar": { "*bᵊnî*": "noun, masculine singular construct + 1st person singular suffix - my son", "*yᵊhî*": "qal jussive 3rd masculine singular - let be/may be", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh", "*wᵊhiṣlaḥtā*": "waw consecutive + hiphil perfect 2nd masculine singular - and you will prosper/succeed", "*ûbānîtā*": "waw consecutive + qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - and you will build", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your God", "*dibbēr*": "piel perfect 3rd masculine singular - he has spoken" }, "variants": { "*yᵊhî YHWH ʿimmāk*": "may the LORD be with you/let Yahweh be with you", "*wᵊhiṣlaḥtā*": "and you will prosper/and you will succeed/and you will have success" } }
• Num 13:23-24 : 23 { "verseID": "Numbers.13.23", "source": "וַיָּבֹ֜אוּ עַד־נַ֣חַל אֶשְׁכֹּ֗ל וַיִּכְרְת֨וּ מִשָּׁ֤ם זְמוֹרָה֙ וְאֶשְׁכּ֤וֹל עֲנָבִים֙ אֶחָ֔ד וַיִּשָּׂאֻ֥הוּ בַמּ֖וֹט בִּשְׁנָ֑יִם וּמִן־הָרִמֹּנִ֖ים וּמִן־הַתְּאֵנִֽים׃", "text": "*wa-yābōʾû* *ʿad*-*naḥal* *ʾeškōl* *wa-yikrətû* *mi-šām* *zəmôrâ* *wə-ʾeškôl* *ʿănābîm* *ʾeḥād* *wa-yiśśāʾûhû* *ba-môṭ* *bi-šnāyim* *û-min*-*hā-rimmōnîm* *û-min*-*ha-təʾēnîm*", "grammar": { "*wa-yābōʾû*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they came", "*ʿad*": "preposition - to/as far as", "*naḥal*": "noun, masculine singular construct - valley of", "*ʾeškōl*": "proper noun - Eshcol", "*wa-yikrətû*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they cut", "*mi-šām*": "preposition + adverb - from there", "*zəmôrâ*": "noun, feminine singular - branch", "*wə-ʾeškôl*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - and cluster of", "*ʿănābîm*": "noun, masculine plural - grapes", "*ʾeḥād*": "number, masculine singular - one", "*wa-yiśśāʾûhû*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and they carried it", "*ba-môṭ*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - on the pole", "*bi-šnāyim*": "preposition + number, masculine dual - between two", "*û-min*": "conjunction + preposition - and from", "*hā-rimmōnîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the pomegranates", "*û-min*": "conjunction + preposition - and from", "*ha-təʾēnîm*": "definite article + noun, feminine plural - the figs" }, "variants": { "*naḥal*": "valley/wadi/brook", "*ʾeškōl*": "proper name meaning 'cluster'", "*zəmôrâ*": "branch/cutting/vine", "*ʾeškôl*": "cluster/bunch", "*môṭ*": "pole/staff/bar", "*bi-šnāyim*": "between two/by two/with two" } } 24 { "verseID": "Numbers.13.24", "source": "לַמָּק֣וֹם הַה֔וּא קָרָ֖א נַ֣חַל אֶשְׁכּ֑וֹל עַ֚ל אֹד֣וֹת הָֽאֶשְׁכּ֔וֹל אֲשֶׁר־כָּרְת֥וּ מִשָּׁ֖ם בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "*la-māqôm* *ha-hûʾ* *qārāʾ* *naḥal* *ʾeškôl* *ʿal* *ʾōdôt* *hā-ʾeškôl* *ʾăšer*-*kārtû* *mi-šām* *bənê* *yiśrāʾēl*", "grammar": { "*la-māqôm*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - to the place", "*ha-hûʾ*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - that", "*qārāʾ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he called", "*naḥal*": "noun, masculine singular construct - valley of", "*ʾeškôl*": "proper noun - Eshcol", "*ʿal*": "preposition - because of", "*ʾōdôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - account of", "*hā-ʾeškôl*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the cluster", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - which", "*kārtû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine plural - they cut", "*mi-šām*": "preposition + adverb - from there", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons/children of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel" }, "variants": { "*qārāʾ*": "called/named [subject implied rather than explicit]", "*naḥal*": "valley/wadi/brook", "*ʿal* *ʾōdôt*": "because of/on account of/concerning", "*kārtû*": "cut/cut down/harvested" } }
• Num 13:30-31 : 30 { "verseID": "Numbers.13.30", "source": "וַיַּ֧הַס כָּלֵ֛ב אֶת־הָעָ֖ם אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֑ה וַיֹּ֗אמֶר עָלֹ֤ה נַעֲלֶה֙ וְיָרַ֣שְׁנוּ אֹתָ֔הּ כִּֽי־יָכ֥וֹל נוּכַ֖ל לָֽהּ׃", "text": "*wa-yahas* *kālēb* *ʾet*-*hā-ʿām* *ʾel*-*mōšeh* *wa-yōʾmer* *ʿālōh* *naʿăleh* *wə-yārašnû* *ʾōtāh* *kî*-*yākôl* *nûkal* *lāh*", "grammar": { "*wa-yahas*": "waw consecutive + Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he silenced", "*kālēb*": "proper noun - Caleb", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*hā-ʿām*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the people", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to/toward", "*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*wa-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*ʿālōh*": "Qal infinitive absolute - go up", "*naʿăleh*": "Qal imperfect, 1st common plural - we will go up", "*wə-yārašnû*": "conjunction + Qal perfect, 1st common plural - and we will possess", "*ʾōtāh*": "direct object marker + 3rd feminine singular suffix - it", "*kî*": "conjunction - for", "*yākôl*": "Qal infinitive absolute - being able", "*nûkal*": "Qal imperfect, 1st common plural - we will be able", "*lāh*": "preposition + 3rd feminine singular suffix - for it" }, "variants": { "*yahas*": "silenced/hushed/calmed", "*ʿālōh* *naʿăleh*": "we will surely go up [emphatic construction]", "*yārašnû*": "possess/take possession of/inherit", "*yākôl* *nûkal*": "we will surely be able [emphatic construction]" } } 31 { "verseID": "Numbers.13.31", "source": "וְהָ֨אֲנָשִׁ֜ים אֲשֶׁר־עָל֤וּ עִמּוֹ֙ אָֽמְר֔וּ לֹ֥א נוּכַ֖ל לַעֲל֣וֹת אֶל־הָעָ֑ם כִּֽי־חָזָ֥ק ה֖וּא מִמֶּֽנּוּ׃", "text": "*wə-hā-ʾănāšîm* *ʾăšer*-*ʿālû* *ʿimmô* *ʾāmərû* *lōʾ* *nûkal* *laʿălôt* *ʾel*-*hā-ʿām* *kî*-*ḥāzāq* *hûʾ* *mimmenû*", "grammar": { "*wə-hā-ʾănāšîm*": "conjunction + definite article + noun, masculine plural - and the men", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - who", "*ʿālû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine plural - went up", "*ʿimmô*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - with him", "*ʾāmərû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine plural - they said", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*nûkal*": "Qal imperfect, 1st common plural - we are able", "*laʿălôt*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to go up", "*ʾel*": "preposition - against", "*hā-ʿām*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the people", "*kî*": "conjunction - for", "*ḥāzāq*": "adjective, masculine singular - strong", "*hûʾ*": "personal pronoun, 3rd masculine singular - he/it", "*mimmenû*": "preposition + 1st common plural suffix - than us" }, "variants": { "*nûkal*": "we are able/we can", "*laʿălôt*": "to go up/to ascend/to attack", "*ḥāzāq*": "strong/powerful/mighty" } }
• Deut 1:25 : 25 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.25", "source": "וַיִּקְח֤וּ בְיָדָם֙ מִפְּרִ֣י הָאָ֔רֶץ וַיּוֹרִ֖דוּ אֵלֵ֑ינוּ וַיָּשִׁ֨בוּ אֹתָ֤נוּ דָבָר֙ וַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ טוֹבָ֣ה הָאָ֔רֶץ אֲשֶׁר־יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵ֖ינוּ נֹתֵ֥ן לָֽנוּ", "text": "And-*yiqqəḥû* in-*yādām* from-*pərî* the-*ʾāreṣ* and-*yôrîdû* to-us; and-*yāšîbû* *ʾōtānû* *dābār* and-*yōʾmrû*: *ṭôbāh* the-*ʾāreṣ* which-*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhênû* *nōtēn* to-us.", "grammar": { "*yiqqəḥû*": "3rd person masculine plural imperfect consecutive, qal form of *lqḥ* - 'take'", "*yādām*": "feminine dual noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - 'their hand'", "*pərî*": "masculine singular construct - 'fruit of'", "*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - 'the land'", "*yôrîdû*": "3rd person masculine plural imperfect consecutive, hiphil form of *yrd* - 'bring down'", "*yāšîbû*": "3rd person masculine plural imperfect consecutive, hiphil form of *šwb* - 'bring back/return'", "*ʾōtānû*": "direct object marker with 1st person plural suffix - 'us'", "*dābār*": "masculine singular noun - 'word/report'", "*yōʾmrû*": "3rd person masculine plural imperfect consecutive, qal form of *ʾmr* - 'say'", "*ṭôbāh*": "feminine singular adjective - 'good'", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "masculine plural noun with 1st person plural suffix - 'our God'", "*nōtēn*": "masculine singular participle, qal form of *ntn* - 'giving'" }, "variants": { "*yiqqəḥû*": "took/gathered", "*pərî*": "fruit/produce", "*ʾāreṣ*": "land/country/territory", "*yôrîdû*": "brought down/carried down", "*yāšîbû*": "brought back/returned/gave", "*dābār*": "word/report/information", "*ṭôbāh*": "good/pleasant/rich/fertile", "*nōtēn*": "giving/is giving/about to give" } }
• Deut 31:6-8 : 6 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.31.6", "source": "חִזְק֣וּ וְאִמְצ֔וּ אַל־תִּֽירְא֥וּ וְאַל־תַּעַרְצ֖וּ מִפְּנֵיהֶ֑ם כִּ֣י ׀ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֗יךָ ה֚וּא הַהֹלֵ֣ךְ עִמָּ֔ךְ לֹ֥א יַרְפְּךָ֖ וְלֹ֥א יַעַזְבֶֽךָּ׃ פ", "text": "*ḥizqû* and *wə-ʾimṣû*, not-*tîrəʾû* and-not-*taʿarṣû* from-before-them; for *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā* *hûʾ* the-*ha-hōlēk* with-you, not *yarpəkā* and-not *yaʿazbékā*.", "grammar": { "*ḥizqû*": "qal imperative masculine plural - 'be strong'", "*wə-ʾimṣû*": "waw conjunction + qal imperative masculine plural - 'and be courageous'", "*tîrəʾû*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine plural - 'you will fear'", "*taʿarṣû*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine plural - 'you will tremble/be terrified'", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "noun masculine plural construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'your God'", "*hûʾ*": "personal pronoun 3rd masculine singular - 'he'", "*ha-hōlēk*": "definite article + qal participle masculine singular - 'the one walking'", "*yarpəkā*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'he will let go of you'", "*yaʿazbékā*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'he will forsake you'" }, "variants": { "*ḥizqû*": "be strong/strengthen yourselves/be firm", "*wə-ʾimṣû*": "be courageous/be bold/be resolute", "*tîrəʾû*": "fear/be afraid/be frightened", "*taʿarṣû*": "tremble/be terrified/be in dread", "*ha-hōlēk*": "the one walking/going/traveling", "*yarpəkā*": "let go of you/fail you/abandon you", "*yaʿazbékā*": "forsake you/abandon you/leave you" } } 7 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.31.7", "source": "וַיִּקְרָ֨א מֹשֶׁ֜ה לִֽיהוֹשֻׁ֗עַ וַיֹּ֨אמֶר אֵלָ֜יו לְעֵינֵ֣י כָל־יִשְׂרָאֵל֘ חֲזַ֣ק וֶאֱמָץ֒ כִּ֣י אַתָּ֗ה תָּבוֹא֙ אֶת־הָעָ֣ם הַזֶּ֔ה אֶל־הָאָ֕רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֨ר נִשְׁבַּ֧ע יְהוָ֛ה לַאֲבֹתָ֖ם לָתֵ֣ת לָהֶ֑ם וְאַתָּ֖ה תַּנְחִילֶ֥נָּה אוֹתָֽם׃", "text": "And *wa-yiqrāʾ* *Mōšeh* to-*Yəhôšuaʿ* and *wa-yōʾmer* to-him in-*lə-ʿênê* all-*Yiśrāʾēl*, *ḥăzaq* and *we-ʾĕmāṣ*, for *ʾattāh* *tābôʾ* with-the-*ʿām* the-*zeh* to-the-*ʾāreṣ* which *nišbaʿ* *YHWH* to-*la-ʾăbōtām* to-*lātēt* to-them; and-*ʾattāh* *tanḥîlennāh* them.", "grammar": { "*wa-yiqrāʾ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - 'and he called'", "*Mōšeh*": "proper noun - 'Moses'", "*Yəhôšuaʿ*": "proper noun - 'Joshua'", "*wa-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - 'and he said'", "*lə-ʿênê*": "preposition + noun feminine plural construct - 'in the eyes of'", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - 'Israel'", "*ḥăzaq*": "qal imperative masculine singular - 'be strong'", "*we-ʾĕmāṣ*": "waw conjunction + qal imperative masculine singular - 'and be courageous'", "*ʾattāh*": "personal pronoun 2nd masculine singular - 'you'", "*tābôʾ*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - 'you will enter'", "*ʿām*": "noun masculine singular - 'people'", "*zeh*": "demonstrative adjective masculine singular - 'this'", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun feminine singular - 'land'", "*nišbaʿ*": "niphal perfect 3rd masculine singular - 'he swore'", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*la-ʾăbōtām*": "preposition + noun masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - 'to their fathers'", "*lātēt*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - 'to give'", "*tanḥîlennāh*": "hiphil imperfect 2nd masculine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'you will cause to inherit it'" }, "variants": { "*wa-yiqrāʾ*": "called/summoned/invited", "*ḥăzaq*": "be strong/be firm/be resolute", "*we-ʾĕmāṣ*": "be courageous/be bold/be determined", "*tābôʾ*": "you will enter/come/go", "*nišbaʿ*": "swore/took an oath/pledged", "*tanḥîlennāh*": "you will cause to inherit it/you will give possession of it/you will bequeath it" } } 8 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.31.8", "source": "וַֽיהוָ֞ה ה֣וּא ׀ הַהֹלֵ֣ךְ לְפָנֶ֗יךָ ה֚וּא יִהְיֶ֣ה עִמָּ֔ךְ לֹ֥א יַרְפְּךָ֖ וְלֹ֣א יַֽעַזְבֶ֑ךָּ לֹ֥א תִירָ֖א וְלֹ֥א תֵחָֽת׃", "text": "And *wa-YHWH* *hûʾ* the-*ha-hōlēk* before-you, *hûʾ* *yihyeh* with-you, not *yarpəkā* and-not *yaʿazbékā*; not *tîrāʾ* and-not *tēḥāt*.", "grammar": { "*wa-YHWH*": "waw conjunction + divine name", "*hûʾ*": "personal pronoun 3rd masculine singular - 'he'", "*ha-hōlēk*": "definite article + qal participle masculine singular - 'the one walking'", "*yihyeh*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - 'he will be'", "*yarpəkā*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'he will let go of you'", "*yaʿazbékā*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'he will forsake you'", "*tîrāʾ*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - 'you will fear'", "*tēḥāt*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - 'you will be dismayed'" }, "variants": { "*ha-hōlēk*": "the one walking/going/traveling", "*yihyeh*": "will be/will exist/will remain", "*yarpəkā*": "let go of you/fail you/abandon you", "*yaʿazbékā*": "forsake you/abandon you/leave you", "*tîrāʾ*": "fear/be afraid/be frightened", "*tēḥāt*": "be dismayed/be discouraged/be broken" } }