16{
"verseID": "Numbers.13.16",
"source": "אֵ֚לֶּה שְׁמ֣וֹת הָֽאֲנָשִׁ֔ים אֲשֶׁר־שָׁלַ֥ח מֹשֶׁ֖ה לָת֣וּר אֶת־הָאָ֑רֶץ וַיִּקְרָ֥א מֹשֶׁ֛ה לְהוֹשֵׁ֥עַ בִּן־נ֖וּן יְהוֹשֻֽׁעַ׃",
"text": "*ʾēlleh* *šəmôt* *hā-ʾănāšîm* *ʾăšer*-*šālaḥ* *mōšeh* *lātûr* *ʾet*-*hā-ʾāreṣ* *wa-yiqrāʾ* *mōšeh* *lə-hôšēaʿ* *bin*-*nûn* *yəhôšuaʿ*",
"grammar": {
"*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine plural - these",
"*šəmôt*": "noun, masculine plural construct - names of",
"*hā-ʾănāšîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the men",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - whom",
"*šālaḥ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - sent",
"*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses",
"*lātûr*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to spy out",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the land",
"*wa-yiqrāʾ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he called",
"*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses",
"*lə-hôšēaʿ*": "preposition + proper noun - to Hoshea",
"*bin*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of",
"*nûn*": "proper noun - Nun",
"*yəhôšuaʿ*": "proper noun - Joshua"
},
"variants": {
"*lātûr*": "to spy out/to explore/to search",
"*yiqrāʾ*": "called/named"
}
}
17{
"verseID": "Numbers.13.17",
"source": "וַיִּשְׁלַ֤ח אֹתָם֙ מֹשֶׁ֔ה לָת֖וּר אֶת־אֶ֣רֶץ כְּנָ֑עַן וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֲלֵהֶ֗ם עֲל֥וּ זֶה֙ בַּנֶּ֔גֶב וַעֲלִיתֶ֖ם אֶת־הָהָֽר׃",
"text": "*wa-yišlaḥ* *ʾōtām* *mōšeh* *lātûr* *ʾet*-*ʾereṣ* *kənāʿan* *wa-yōʾmer* *ʾălêhem* *ʿălû* *zeh* *ba-negeb* *wa-ʿălîtem* *ʾet*-*hā-hār*",
"grammar": {
"*wa-yišlaḥ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he sent",
"*ʾōtām*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine plural suffix - them",
"*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses",
"*lātûr*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to spy out",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - land of",
"*kənāʿan*": "proper noun - Canaan",
"*wa-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said",
"*ʾălêhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - to them",
"*ʿălû*": "Qal imperative, masculine plural - go up",
"*zeh*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this",
"*ba-negeb*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in the Negev",
"*wa-ʿălîtem*": "waw consecutive + Qal perfect, 2nd masculine plural - and go up",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*hā-hār*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the mountain/hill country"
},
"variants": {
"*lātûr*": "to spy out/to explore/to search",
"*negeb*": "south/Negev/south country",
"*hā-hār*": "the mountain/the hill country/the highlands"
}
}
18{
"verseID": "Numbers.13.18",
"source": "וּרְאִיתֶ֥ם אֶת־הָאָ֖רֶץ מַה־הִ֑וא וְאֶת־הָעָם֙ הַיֹּשֵׁ֣ב עָלֶ֔יהָ הֶחָזָ֥ק הוּא֙ הֲרָפֶ֔ה הַמְעַ֥ט ה֖וּא אִם־רָֽב׃",
"text": "*û-rəʾîtem* *ʾet*-*hā-ʾāreṣ* *mah*-*hîʾ* *wə-ʾet*-*hā-ʿām* *ha-yōšēb* *ʿāleyhā* *he-ḥāzāq* *hûʾ* *hă-rāp̄eh* *ha-məʿaṭ* *hûʾ* *ʾim*-*rāb*",
"grammar": {
"*û-rəʾîtem*": "conjunction + Qal perfect, 2nd masculine plural - and you shall see",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the land",
"*mah*": "interrogative particle - what",
"*hîʾ*": "personal pronoun, 3rd feminine singular - it is",
"*wə-ʾet*": "conjunction + direct object marker",
"*hā-ʿām*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the people",
"*ha-yōšēb*": "definite article + Qal participle, masculine singular - the one dwelling",
"*ʿāleyhā*": "preposition + 3rd feminine singular suffix - upon it",
"*he-ḥāzāq*": "interrogative particle + adjective, masculine singular - is it strong",
"*hûʾ*": "personal pronoun, 3rd masculine singular - he/it",
"*hă-rāp̄eh*": "interrogative particle + adjective, masculine singular - or weak",
"*ha-məʿaṭ*": "interrogative particle + adjective, masculine singular - is it few",
"*hûʾ*": "personal pronoun, 3rd masculine singular - he/it",
"*ʾim*": "conjunction - or",
"*rāb*": "adjective, masculine singular - many"
},
"variants": {
"*ha-yōšēb*": "the one dwelling/inhabiting/sitting",
"*ḥāzāq*": "strong/powerful/mighty",
"*rāp̄eh*": "weak/feeble/slack",
"*məʿaṭ*": "few/little/small in number",
"*rāb*": "many/numerous/great"
}
}
19{
"verseID": "Numbers.13.19",
"source": "וּמָ֣ה הָאָ֗רֶץ אֲשֶׁר־הוּא֙ יֹשֵׁ֣ב בָּ֔הּ הֲטוֹבָ֥ה הִ֖וא אִם־רָעָ֑ה וּמָ֣ה הֶֽעָרִ֗ים אֲשֶׁר־הוּא֙ יוֹשֵׁ֣ב בָּהֵ֔נָּה הַבְּמַֽחֲנִ֖ים אִ֥ם בְּמִבְצָרִֽים׃",
"text": "*û-mâ* *hā-ʾāreṣ* *ʾăšer*-*hûʾ* *yōšēb* *bāh* *hă-ṭôbâ* *hîʾ* *ʾim*-*rāʿâ* *û-mâ* *he-ʿārîm* *ʾăšer*-*hûʾ* *yôšēb* *bāhēnnâ* *ha-bə-maḥănîm* *ʾim* *bə-mibṣārîm*",
"grammar": {
"*û-mâ*": "conjunction + interrogative pronoun - and what",
"*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the land",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - which",
"*hûʾ*": "personal pronoun, 3rd masculine singular - he",
"*yōšēb*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - dwelling",
"*bāh*": "preposition + 3rd feminine singular suffix - in it",
"*hă-ṭôbâ*": "interrogative particle + adjective, feminine singular - is it good",
"*hîʾ*": "personal pronoun, 3rd feminine singular - it",
"*ʾim*": "conjunction - or",
"*rāʿâ*": "adjective, feminine singular - bad",
"*û-mâ*": "conjunction + interrogative pronoun - and what",
"*he-ʿārîm*": "definite article + noun, feminine plural - the cities",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - which",
"*hûʾ*": "personal pronoun, 3rd masculine singular - he",
"*yôšēb*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - dwelling",
"*bāhēnnâ*": "preposition + 3rd feminine plural suffix - in them",
"*ha-bə-maḥănîm*": "interrogative particle + preposition + noun, masculine plural - in camps",
"*ʾim*": "conjunction - or",
"*bə-mibṣārîm*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural - in fortresses"
},
"variants": {
"*yōšēb*": "dwelling/inhabiting/living",
"*ṭôbâ*": "good/pleasant/fertile",
"*rāʿâ*": "bad/evil/unpleasant",
"*maḥănîm*": "camps/open villages/unwalled settlements",
"*mibṣārîm*": "fortresses/strongholds/fortified places"
}
}
20{
"verseID": "Numbers.13.20",
"source": "וּמָ֣ה הָ֠אָרֶץ הַשְּׁמֵנָ֨ה הִ֜וא אִם־רָזָ֗ה הֲיֵֽשׁ־בָּ֥הּ עֵץ֙ אִם־אַ֔יִן וְהִ֨תְחַזַּקְתֶּ֔ם וּלְקַחְתֶּ֖ם מִפְּרִ֣י הָאָ֑רֶץ וְהַ֨יָּמִ֔ים יְמֵ֖י בִּכּוּרֵ֥י עֲנָבִֽים׃",
"text": "*û-mâ* *hā-ʾāreṣ* *ha-šəmēnâ* *hîʾ* *ʾim*-*rāzâ* *hă-yēš*-*bāh* *ʿēṣ* *ʾim*-*ʾayin* *wə-hitḥazzaqtem* *û-ləqaḥtem* *mi-pərî* *hā-ʾāreṣ* *wə-ha-yāmîm* *yəmê* *bikkûrê* *ʿănābîm*",
"grammar": {
"*û-mâ*": "conjunction + interrogative pronoun - and what",
"*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the land",
"*ha-šəmēnâ*": "definite article + adjective, feminine singular - the fat/rich",
"*hîʾ*": "personal pronoun, 3rd feminine singular - it",
"*ʾim*": "conjunction - or",
"*rāzâ*": "adjective, feminine singular - lean/poor",
"*hă-yēš*": "interrogative particle + existential particle - is there",
"*bāh*": "preposition + 3rd feminine singular suffix - in it",
"*ʿēṣ*": "noun, masculine singular - tree",
"*ʾim*": "conjunction - or",
"*ʾayin*": "negative particle - nothing/none",
"*wə-hitḥazzaqtem*": "conjunction + Hithpael perfect, 2nd masculine plural - and strengthen yourselves",
"*û-ləqaḥtem*": "conjunction + Qal perfect, 2nd masculine plural - and take",
"*mi-pərî*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - from fruit of",
"*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the land",
"*wə-ha-yāmîm*": "conjunction + definite article + noun, masculine plural - and the days",
"*yəmê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - days of",
"*bikkûrê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - firstfruits of",
"*ʿănābîm*": "noun, masculine plural - grapes"
},
"variants": {
"*šəmēnâ*": "fat/rich/fertile",
"*rāzâ*": "lean/poor/thin",
"*ʿēṣ*": "tree/wood/timber (metaphorically: resources)",
"*hitḥazzaqtem*": "strengthen yourselves/be courageous/take courage",
"*bikkûrê*": "firstfruits/first ripe/early ripening"
}
}
21{
"verseID": "Numbers.13.21",
"source": "וַֽיַּעֲל֖וּ וַיָּתֻ֣רוּ אֶת־הָאָ֑רֶץ מִמִּדְבַּר־צִ֥ן עַד־רְחֹ֖ב לְבֹ֥א חֲמָֽת׃",
"text": "*wa-yaʿălû* *wa-yātūrû* *ʾet*-*hā-ʾāreṣ* *mi-midbar*-*ṣin* *ʿad*-*rəḥōb* *lə-bōʾ* *ḥămāt*",
"grammar": {
"*wa-yaʿălû*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they went up",
"*wa-yātūrû*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they spied out",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the land",
"*mi-midbar*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - from wilderness of",
"*ṣin*": "proper noun - Zin",
"*ʿad*": "preposition - to/as far as",
"*rəḥōb*": "proper noun - Rehob",
"*lə-bōʾ*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to entrance of",
"*ḥămāt*": "proper noun - Hamath"
},
"variants": {
"*yātūrû*": "spied out/explored/searched",
"*lə-bōʾ* *ḥămāt*": "to the entrance of Hamath/to Lebo-hamath"
}
}