Numbers 35:16

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Numbers.35.16", "source": "וְאִם־בִּכְלִ֨י בַרְזֶ֧ל ׀ הִכָּ֛הוּ וַיָּמֹ֖ת רֹצֵ֣חַֽ ה֑וּא מ֥וֹת יוּמַ֖ת הָרֹצֵֽחַ׃", "text": "And if with *kəlî* *barzel* *hikkāhû* and *wayyāmōṯ*, *rōṣēaḥ* he is; *môṯ* *yûmaṯ* *hārōṣēaḥ*.", "grammar": { "*kəlî*": "masculine singular noun construct - vessel/tool of", "*barzel*": "masculine singular noun - iron", "*hikkāhû*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - he struck him", "*wayyāmōṯ*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he died", "*rōṣēaḥ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - murderer/manslayer", "*môṯ*": "Qal infinitive absolute - surely", "*yûmaṯ*": "Hophal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he shall be put to death", "*hārōṣēaḥ*": "definite article + Qal participle, masculine singular - the murderer/manslayer" }, "variants": { "*kəlî*": "vessel/instrument/tool/weapon", "*rōṣēaḥ*": "murderer/manslayer/one who kills another" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וְאִם־בִּכְלִ֨י בַרְזֶ֧ל ׀ הִכָּ֛הוּ וַיָּמֹ֖ת רֹצֵ֣חַֽ ה֑וּא מ֥וֹת יוּמַ֖ת הָרֹצֵֽחַ׃

Transliteration

And if with kəlî barzel hikkāhû and wayyāmōṯ, rōṣēaḥ he is; môṯ yûmaṯ hārōṣēaḥ.

Grammar Details

• *kəlî*: masculine singular noun construct - vessel/tool of
• *barzel*: masculine singular noun - iron
• *hikkāhû*: Hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - he struck him
• *wayyāmōṯ*: waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he died
• *rōṣēaḥ*: Qal participle, masculine singular - murderer/manslayer
• *môṯ*: Qal infinitive absolute - surely
• *yûmaṯ*: Hophal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he shall be put to death
• *hārōṣēaḥ*: definite article + Qal participle, masculine singular - the murderer/manslayer

Word Meanings

• *kəlî*: vessel/instrument/tool/weapon
• *rōṣēaḥ*: murderer/manslayer/one who kills another

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  But if someone strikes another with an iron object and the person dies, they are a murderer, and the murderer shall be put to death.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And if he smite him with an instrument of iron, so that he die, he is a murderer: the murderer shall surely be put to death.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  And if he strikes him with an iron instrument, so that he dies, he is a murderer: the murderer shall surely be put to death.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And if he smite him with an instrument of iron, so that he die, he is a murderer: the murderer shall surely be put to death.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  But if he smote him with an instrument of iron, so that he died, he is a murderer: the murderer shall surely be put to death.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And if he smite him with an instrument of iron, so that he die, he is a murderer: the murderer shall surely be put to death.

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  Yf any man smyte another with a wepo of yerne that he dye than he is a murtherer and shall dye for it.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  He yt smyteth eny man wt an yron weapo, yt he dye, the same is a murthurer, & shal dye the death.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  And if one smite another with an instrument of yron that hee die, hee is a murtherer, and the murtherer shall die the death.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And if any man smyte another with an instrument of iron that he dye, then is he a murtherer, and the murtherer shall dye for it.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  And if he smite him with an instrument of iron, so that he die, he [is] a murderer: the murderer shall surely be put to death.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  But if he struck him with an instrument of iron, so that he died, he is a murderer: the murderer shall surely be put to death.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  `And if with an instrument of iron he hath smitten him, and he dieth, he `is' a murderer: the murderer is certainly put to death.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  But if he smote him with an instrument of iron, so that he died, he is a murderer: the murderer shall surely be put to death.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  But if he smote him with an instrument of iron, so that he died, he is a murderer: the murderer shall surely be put to death.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  But if a man gives another man a blow with an iron instrument, causing his death, he is a taker of life and is certainly to be put to death.

• World English Bible (2000)

  "'But if he struck him with an instrument of iron, so that he died, he is a murderer: the murderer shall surely be put to death.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  “But if he hits someone with an iron tool so that he dies, he is a murderer. The murderer must surely be put to death.

Referenced Verses

• Lev 24:17 : 17 { "verseID": "Leviticus.24.17", "source": "וְאִ֕ישׁ כִּ֥י יַכֶּ֖ה כָּל־נֶ֣פֶשׁ אָדָ֑ם מ֖וֹת יוּמָֽת׃", "text": "*wəʾîš kî yakkeh kol-nepeš ʾādām môt yûmāt*", "grammar": { "*wəʾîš*": "waw conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and man", "*kî*": "conjunction - when/if", "*yakkeh*": "Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he strikes/kills", "*kol-nepeš*": "noun, masculine singular construct + noun, feminine singular - any life/soul of", "*ʾādām*": "noun, masculine singular - man/mankind", "*môt*": "Qal infinitive absolute - dying", "*yûmāt*": "Hophal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he shall be put to death" }, "variants": { "*wəʾîš*": "and if anyone/and when a man", "*yakkeh*": "strikes/smites/kills", "*kol-nepeš ʾādām*": "any human life/any person", "*môt yûmāt*": "surely be put to death (emphatic construction)" } }
• Num 35:22-24 : 22 { "verseID": "Numbers.35.22", "source": "וְאִם־בְּפֶ֥תַע בְּלֹא־אֵיבָ֖ה הֲדָפ֑וֹ אוֹ־הִשְׁלִ֥יךְ עָלָ֛יו כָּל־כְּלִ֖י בְּלֹ֥א צְדִיָּֽה׃", "text": "And if in *p̄eṯaʿ* without *ʾêḇâ* *hăḏāp̄ô* or *hišlîḵ* upon him any *kəlî* without *ṣəḏîyâ*.", "grammar": { "*p̄eṯaʿ*": "masculine singular noun - suddenness", "*ʾêḇâ*": "feminine singular noun - enmity", "*hăḏāp̄ô*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - he pushed him", "*hišlîḵ*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he threw", "*kəlî*": "masculine singular noun - tool/implement", "*ṣəḏîyâ*": "feminine singular noun - lying in wait" }, "variants": { "*p̄eṯaʿ*": "suddenness/instant/moment", "*ʾêḇâ*": "enmity/hostility/hatred", "*hāḏap̄*": "push/thrust/shove", "*kəlî*": "vessel/instrument/tool/weapon", "*ṣəḏîyâ*": "lying in wait/ambush/premeditation" } } 23 { "verseID": "Numbers.35.23", "source": "א֣וֹ בְכָל־אֶ֜בֶן אֲשֶׁר־יָמ֥וּת בָּהּ֙ בְּלֹ֣א רְא֔וֹת וַיַּפֵּ֥ל עָלָ֖יו וַיָּמֹ֑ת וְהוּא֙ לֹא־אוֹיֵ֣ב ל֔וֹ וְלֹ֥א מְבַקֵּ֖שׁ רָעָתֽוֹ׃", "text": "Or with any *ʾeḇen* *ʾăšer*-*yāmûṯ* with it without *rəʾôṯ* and *wayyappēl* upon him and *wayyāmōṯ* and he not *ʾôyēḇ* to him and not *məḇaqqēš* *rāʿāṯô*.", "grammar": { "*ʾeḇen*": "feminine singular noun - stone", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*yāmûṯ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - one may die", "*rəʾôṯ*": "Qal infinitive construct - seeing", "*wayyappēl*": "waw-consecutive + Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he caused to fall", "*wayyāmōṯ*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he died", "*ʾôyēḇ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - enemy", "*məḇaqqēš*": "Piel participle, masculine singular - seeker", "*rāʿāṯô*": "feminine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his harm" }, "variants": { "*rəʾôṯ*": "seeing/perceiving/watching", "*ʾôyēḇ*": "enemy/foe/adversary", "*məḇaqqēš*": "seeking/searching for/desiring", "*rāʿâ*": "evil/harm/injury/calamity" } } 24 { "verseID": "Numbers.35.24", "source": "וְשָֽׁפְטוּ֙ הָֽעֵדָ֔ה בֵּ֚ין הַמַּכֶּ֔ה וּבֵ֖ין גֹּאֵ֣ל הַדָּ֑ם עַ֥ל הַמִּשְׁפָּטִ֖ים הָאֵֽלֶּה׃", "text": "And *wəšāp̄əṭû* *hāʿēḏâ* between *hammakkeh* and between *gōʾēl* *haddām* according to *hammišpāṭîm* *hāʾēlleh*.", "grammar": { "*wəšāp̄əṭû*": "waw-consecutive + Qal perfect, 3rd common plural - and they shall judge", "*hāʿēḏâ*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the congregation", "*hammakkeh*": "definite article + Hiphil participle, masculine singular - the one who strikes", "*gōʾēl*": "Qal participle, masculine singular construct - avenger of", "*haddām*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the blood", "*hammišpāṭîm*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the judgments", "*hāʾēlleh*": "definite article + demonstrative plural adjective - these" }, "variants": { "*ʿēḏâ*": "congregation/assembly/community", "*makkeh*": "striker/one who strikes/attacker", "*gōʾēl*": "redeemer/avenger/kinsman-redeemer", "*mišpāṭîm*": "judgments/ordinances/legal decisions" } }
• Num 35:30-33 : 30 { "verseID": "Numbers.35.30", "source": "כָּל־מַ֨כֵּה־נֶ֔פֶשׁ לְפִ֣י עֵדִ֔ים יִרְצַ֖ח אֶת־הָרֹצֵ֑חַ וְעֵ֣ד אֶחָ֔ד לֹא־יַעֲנֶ֥ה בְנֶ֖פֶשׁ לָמֽוּת׃", "text": "All-*makkēh*-*nepeš* by *pî* *ʿēḏîm* shall be killed *ʾeṯ*-*hārōṣēaḥ* and *ʿēḏ* *ʾeḥāḏ* shall not *yaʿăneh* against *nepeš* *lāmûṯ*.", "grammar": { "*makkēh*": "Hiphil participle, masculine singular construct - striker of", "*nepeš*": "feminine singular noun - soul/person", "*pî*": "masculine singular noun construct - mouth of", "*ʿēḏîm*": "masculine plural noun - witnesses", "*yirṣaḥ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he shall be killed", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*hārōṣēaḥ*": "definite article + Qal participle, masculine singular - the murderer/manslayer", "*ʿēḏ*": "masculine singular noun - witness", "*ʾeḥāḏ*": "numeral, masculine singular - one", "*yaʿăneh*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he shall testify", "*nepeš*": "feminine singular noun - soul/person", "*lāmûṯ*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to die" }, "variants": { "*makkēh*": "striker/one who strikes/attacker", "*nepeš*": "soul/person/life", "*pî*": "mouth/testimony/statement", "*ʿēḏîm*": "witnesses/testimonies", "*rōṣēaḥ*": "murderer/manslayer/one who kills another", "*ʿānâ*": "testify/answer/respond" } } 31 { "verseID": "Numbers.35.31", "source": "וְלֹֽא־תִקְח֥וּ כֹ֙פֶר֙ לְנֶ֣פֶשׁ רֹצֵ֔חַ אֲשֶׁר־ה֥וּא רָשָׁ֖ע לָמ֑וּת כִּי־מ֖וֹת יוּמָֽת׃", "text": "And not *ṯiqḥû* *ḵōp̄er* for *nepeš* *rōṣēaḥ* *ʾăšer*-he *rāšāʿ* *lāmûṯ* for *môṯ* *yûmāṯ*.", "grammar": { "*ṯiqḥû*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall take", "*ḵōp̄er*": "masculine singular noun - ransom", "*nepeš*": "feminine singular noun construct - soul of", "*rōṣēaḥ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - murderer/manslayer", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*rāšāʿ*": "masculine singular adjective - wicked/guilty", "*lāmûṯ*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to die", "*môṯ*": "Qal infinitive absolute - surely", "*yûmāṯ*": "Hophal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he shall be put to death" }, "variants": { "*ḵōp̄er*": "ransom/atonement price/bribe", "*nepeš*": "soul/person/life", "*rōṣēaḥ*": "murderer/manslayer/one who kills another", "*rāšāʿ*": "wicked/guilty/condemned", "*môṯ* *yûmāṯ*": "emphatic expression: 'he shall surely be put to death'" } } 32 { "verseID": "Numbers.35.32", "source": "וְלֹא־תִקְח֣וּ כֹ֔פֶר לָנ֖וּס אֶל־עִ֣יר מִקְלָט֑וֹ לָשׁוּב֙ לָשֶׁ֣בֶת בָּאָ֔רֶץ עַד־מ֖וֹת הַכֹּהֵֽן׃", "text": "And not *ṯiqḥû* *ḵōp̄er* *lānûs* to city *miqlāṭô* *lāšûḇ* *lāšeḇeṯ* in the land before *môṯ* *hakkōhēn*.", "grammar": { "*ṯiqḥû*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall take", "*ḵōp̄er*": "masculine singular noun - ransom", "*lānûs*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to flee", "*miqlāṭô*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his refuge", "*lāšûḇ*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to return", "*lāšeḇeṯ*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to dwell", "*môṯ*": "Qal infinitive construct - death of", "*hakkōhēn*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the priest" }, "variants": { "*ḵōp̄er*": "ransom/atonement price/bribe", "*miqlāṭ*": "refuge/asylum" } } 33 { "verseID": "Numbers.35.33", "source": "וְלֹֽא־תַחֲנִ֣יפוּ אֶת־הָאָ֗רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֤ר אַתֶּם֙ בָּ֔הּ כִּ֣י הַדָּ֔ם ה֥וּא יַחֲנִ֖יף אֶת־הָאָ֑רֶץ וְלָאָ֣רֶץ לֹֽא־יְכֻפַּ֗ר לַדָּם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר שֻׁפַּךְ־בָּ֔הּ כִּי־אִ֖ם בְּדַ֥ם שֹׁפְכֽוֹ׃", "text": "And not *ṯaḥănîp̄û* *ʾeṯ*-the land *ʾăšer* you in it for *haddām* it *yaḥănîp̄* *ʾeṯ*-the land and for the land not *yəḵuppar* for *dām* *ʾăšer* *šuppaḵ*-in it except with *dam* *šōp̄əḵô*.", "grammar": { "*ṯaḥănîp̄û*": "Hiphil imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall pollute", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*haddām*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the blood", "*yaḥănîp̄*": "Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - it pollutes", "*yəḵuppar*": "Pual imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - it shall be atoned", "*dām*": "masculine singular noun - blood", "*šuppaḵ*": "Pual perfect, 3rd masculine singular - it was shed", "*dam*": "masculine singular noun construct - blood of", "*šōp̄əḵô*": "Qal participle, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - one who sheds it" }, "variants": { "*ḥānēp̄*": "pollute/defile/corrupt", "*kuppār*": "atone/make expiation/purge", "*šāp̄aḵ*": "pour out/shed/spill" } }
• Deut 19:11-13 : 11 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.19.11", "source": "וְכִֽי־יִהְיֶ֥ה אִישׁ֙ שֹׂנֵ֣א לְרֵעֵ֔הוּ וְאָ֤רַב לוֹ֙ וְקָ֣ם עָלָ֔יו וְהִכָּ֥הוּ נֶ֖פֶשׁ וָמֵ֑ת וְנָ֕ס אֶל־אַחַ֖ת הֶעָרִ֥ים הָאֵֽל", "text": "And-if-*yihyeh* *ʾish* *sōnēʾ* to-*rēʿēhū* and-*ʾārab* to-him and-*qām* upon-him and-*hikkāhū* *nefesh* and-*mēt* and-*nās* to-one the-*ʿārim* the-these", "grammar": { "*yihyeh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'there is/will be'", "*ʾish*": "common noun masculine singular - 'man'", "*sōnēʾ*": "Qal participle masculine singular - 'hating'", "*rēʿēhū*": "common noun masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'his neighbor'", "*ʾārab*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'he lies in wait'", "*qām*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'he rises up'", "*hikkāhū*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'strikes him'", "*nefesh*": "common noun feminine singular - 'life/person'", "*mēt*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'he dies'", "*nās*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'he flees'", "*ʿārim*": "common noun feminine plural - 'cities'" }, "variants": { "*yihyeh*": "there is/there will be/there happens to be", "*ʾish*": "man/person/someone", "*sōnēʾ*": "hating/being hostile to/being an enemy of", "*rēʿēhū*": "his neighbor/his friend/his fellow", "*ʾārab*": "lies in wait/ambushes/sets an ambush", "*qām*": "rises up/stands up/attacks", "*hikkāhū*": "strikes him/attacks him/kills him", "*nefesh*": "life/person/fatally", "*mēt*": "dies/is killed", "*nās*": "flees/escapes/runs away" } } 12 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.19.12", "source": "וְשָֽׁלְחוּ֙ זִקְנֵ֣י עִיר֔וֹ וְלָקְח֥וּ אֹת֖וֹ מִשָּׁ֑ם וְנָתְנ֣וּ אֹת֗וֹ בְּיַ֛ד גֹּאֵ֥ל הַדָּ֖ם וָמֵֽת", "text": "And-*shālĕḥū* *ziqnēy* *ʿirō* and-*lāqĕḥū* *ʾōtō* from-there and-*nātĕnū* *ʾōtō* in-*yad* *gōʾēl* the-*dām* and-*mēt*", "grammar": { "*shālĕḥū*": "Qal perfect 3rd person common plural - 'they shall send'", "*ziqnēy*": "common noun masculine plural construct - 'elders of'", "*ʿirō*": "common noun feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'his city'", "*lāqĕḥū*": "Qal perfect 3rd person common plural - 'they shall take'", "*ʾōtō*": "direct object marker with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'him'", "*nātĕnū*": "Qal perfect 3rd person common plural - 'they shall give'", "*yad*": "common noun feminine singular construct - 'hand of'", "*gōʾēl*": "Qal participle masculine singular construct - 'redeemer of'", "*dām*": "common noun masculine singular - 'blood'", "*mēt*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'he shall die'" }, "variants": { "*shālĕḥū*": "they shall send/they shall dispatch", "*ziqnēy*": "elders of/older men of/leaders of", "*ʿirō*": "his city/his town", "*lāqĕḥū*": "they shall take/they shall seize/they shall fetch", "*nātĕnū*": "they shall give/they shall deliver/they shall hand over", "*yad*": "hand of/power of/authority of", "*gōʾēl*": "redeemer of/avenger of/kinsman of", "*dām*": "blood/bloodshed/bloodguilt", "*mēt*": "he shall die/he shall be put to death" } } 13 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.19.13", "source": "לֹא־תָח֥וֹס עֵֽינְךָ֖ עָלָ֑יו וּבִֽעַרְתָּ֧ דַֽם־הַנָּקִ֛י מִיִּשְׂרָאֵ֖ל וְט֥וֹב לָֽךְ", "text": "Not-*tāḥōs* *ʿēynĕkhā* upon-him and-*biʿartā* *dam*-the-*nāqiy* from-*Yisrāʾēl* and-*ṭōb* to-you", "grammar": { "*tāḥōs*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - 'you shall pity'", "*ʿēynĕkhā*": "common noun feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'your eye'", "*biʿartā*": "Piel perfect 2nd person masculine singular - 'you shall purge'", "*dam*": "common noun masculine singular construct - 'blood of'", "*nāqiy*": "adjective masculine singular - 'innocent'", "*Yisrāʾēl*": "proper noun - 'Israel'", "*ṭōb*": "adjective masculine singular - 'good'" }, "variants": { "*tāḥōs*": "you shall pity/you shall spare/you shall show mercy", "*ʿēynĕkhā*": "your eye (idiom for showing pity/compassion)", "*biʿartā*": "you shall purge/you shall remove/you shall eliminate", "*dam*": "blood/bloodshed/bloodguilt", "*nāqiy*": "innocent/blameless/free from guilt", "*ṭōb*": "good/well/better" } }
• Gen 9:5-6 : 5 { "verseID": "Genesis.9.5", "source": "וְאַ֨ךְ אֶת־דִּמְכֶ֤ם לְנַפְשֹֽׁתֵיכֶם֙ אֶדְרֹ֔שׁ מִיַּ֥ד כָּל־חַיָּ֖ה אֶדְרְשֶׁ֑נּוּ וּמִיַּ֣ד הֽ͏ָאָדָ֗ם מִיַּד֙ אִ֣ישׁ אָחִ֔יו אֶדְרֹ֖שׁ אֶת־נֶ֥פֶשׁ הֽ͏ָאָדָֽם׃", "text": "And-*ʾak* *ʾet*-*dimkem* for-*napšōtêkem* *ʾedrōš* from-*yad* *kol*-*ḥayyāh* *ʾedreešennû* and-from-*yad* *hāʾādām* from-*yad* *ʾîš* *ʾāḥîw* *ʾedrōš* *ʾet*-*nepeš* *hāʾādām*.", "grammar": { "*ʾak*": "particle of restriction - only/but/surely", "*dimkem*": "noun, masculine, singular + 2nd person masculine plural possessive suffix - your blood", "*napšōtêkem*": "noun, feminine, plural + 2nd person masculine plural possessive suffix - your lives/souls", "*ʾedrōš*": "imperfect, 1st singular - I will require/seek", "*yad*": "noun, feminine, singular, construct state - hand of", "*kol*": "construct state - all of/every", "*ḥayyāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - living thing/animal", "*ʾedreešennû*": "imperfect, 1st singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - I will require it", "*hāʾādām*": "noun, masculine, singular + definite article - the man/mankind", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct state - man of", "*ʾāḥîw*": "noun, masculine, singular + 3rd person masculine singular possessive suffix - his brother", "*nepeš*": "noun, feminine, singular, construct state - life/soul of", "*hāʾādām*": "noun, masculine, singular + definite article - the man/mankind" }, "variants": { "*ʾak*": "surely/indeed/only/however", "*dimkem*": "your blood/your lifeblood", "*napšōtêkem*": "your lives/your souls/your beings", "*ʾedrōš*": "I will require/I will seek/I will demand", "*yad*": "hand/power/authority", "*ḥayyāh*": "living thing/beast/animal", "*hāʾādām*": "mankind/human/man", "*ʾîš*": "man/each/individual/person", "*ʾāḥîw*": "his brother/his kinsman/his fellow", "*nepeš*": "life/soul/being/self" } } 6 { "verseID": "Genesis.9.6", "source": "שֹׁפֵךְ֙ דַּ֣ם הֽ͏ָאָדָ֔ם בּֽ͏ָאָדָ֖ם דָּמ֣וֹ יִשָּׁפֵ֑ךְ כִּ֚י בְּצֶ֣לֶם אֱלֹהִ֔ים עָשָׂ֖ה אֶת־הָאָדָֽם׃", "text": "*Šōpēk* *dam* *hāʾādām* by-*hāʾādām* *dāmô* *yiššāpēk* *kî* in-*ṣelem* *ʾĕlōhîm* *ʿāśāh* *ʾet*-*hāʾādām*.", "grammar": { "*šōpēk*": "participle, masculine, singular - one who sheds", "*dam*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct state - blood of", "*hāʾādām*": "noun, masculine, singular + definite article - the man/mankind", "*bāʾādām*": "preposition + noun, masculine, singular + definite article - by the man", "*dāmô*": "noun, masculine, singular + 3rd person masculine singular possessive suffix - his blood", "*yiššāpēk*": "imperfect, 3rd singular masculine, niphal (passive) - it will be shed", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ṣelem*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct state - image of", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine, plural form (divine plural) - God", "*ʿāśāh*": "perfect, 3rd singular masculine - he made", "*hāʾādām*": "noun, masculine, singular + definite article - the man/mankind" }, "variants": { "*šōpēk*": "one who sheds/one who pours out", "*dam*": "blood/lifeblood", "*hāʾādām*": "mankind/human/man", "*dāmô*": "his blood/his lifeblood", "*yiššāpēk*": "will be shed/will be poured out", "*ṣelem*": "image/likeness/representation", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings/judges", "*ʿāśāh*": "made/created/fashioned" } }
• Exod 21:12-14 : 12 { "verseID": "Exodus.21.12", "source": "מַכֵּה אִישׁ וָמֵת מוֹת יוּמָת", "text": "*makkēh* *ʾîsh* *wā-mēt* *môt* *yûmāt*", "grammar": { "*makkēh*": "hiphil participle, masculine singular - striking/one who strikes", "*ʾîsh*": "masculine singular noun - a man", "*wā-mēt*": "conjunction *wə* + qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he dies", "*môt yûmāt*": "infinitive absolute + hophal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - surely he shall be put to death" }, "variants": { "*makkēh*": "striking/hitting/wounding/one who strikes", "*wā-mēt*": "and he dies/so that he dies", "*môt yûmāt*": "shall surely be put to death/must certainly be executed" } } 13 { "verseID": "Exodus.21.13", "source": "וַאֲשֶׁר לֹא צָדָה וְהָאֱלֹהִים אִנָּה לְיָדוֹ וְשַׂמְתִּי לְךָ מָקוֹם אֲשֶׁר יָנוּס שָׁמָּה", "text": "*wa-ʾasher* *lōʾ* *ṣādāh* *wə-hā-ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾinnāh* *lə-yādô* *wə-śamtî* *ləkā* *māqôm* *ʾasher* *yānûs* *shāmmāh*", "grammar": { "*wa-ʾasher*": "conjunction *wə* + relative pronoun - but one who", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ṣādāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he lay in wait", "*wə-hā-ʾĕlōhîm*": "conjunction *wə* + definite article + masculine plural noun - but God", "*ʾinnāh*": "piel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - caused to meet/delivered", "*lə-yādô*": "preposition *lə* + feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to his hand", "*wə-śamtî*": "conjunction *wə* + qal perfect, 1st person singular - then I will appoint", "*ləkā*": "preposition with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - for you", "*māqôm*": "masculine singular noun - a place", "*ʾasher*": "relative pronoun - where/to which", "*yānûs*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he may flee", "*shāmmāh*": "adverb - there/to there" }, "variants": { "*ṣādāh*": "lay in wait/planned/ambushed/intended", "*ʾinnāh lə-yādô*": "caused to meet his hand/delivered to his hand/caused it to happen", "*śamtî*": "I will appoint/establish/designate", "*māqôm*": "place/location/refuge", "*yānûs*": "he may flee/escape/find refuge" } } 14 { "verseID": "Exodus.21.14", "source": "וְכִי־יָזִד אִישׁ עַל־רֵעֵהוּ לְהָרְגוֹ בְעָרְמָה מֵעִם מִזְבְּחִי תִּקָּחֶנּוּ לָמוּת", "text": "*wə-kî-yāzid* *ʾîsh* *ʿal-rēʿēhû* *lə-horgô* *bə-ʿormāh* *mē-ʿim* *mizbəchî* *tiqqāchennû* *lāmût*", "grammar": { "*wə-kî*": "conjunction + conjunction - and if", "*yāzid*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he acts presumptuously", "*ʾîsh*": "masculine singular noun - a man", "*ʿal-rēʿēhû*": "preposition + masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - against his neighbor", "*lə-horgô*": "preposition *lə* + qal infinitive construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to kill him", "*bə-ʿormāh*": "preposition *bə* + feminine singular noun - with premeditation/cunning", "*mē-ʿim*": "compound preposition - from", "*mizbəchî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my altar", "*tiqqāchennû*": "qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - you shall take him", "*lāmût*": "preposition *lə* + qal infinitive construct - to die" }, "variants": { "*yāzid*": "acts presumptuously/acts with premeditation/schemes", "*rēʿēhû*": "his neighbor/his fellow/his friend", "*bə-ʿormāh*": "with premeditation/with cunning/willfully/with deception", "*tiqqāchennû*": "you shall take him/remove him/bring him", "*lāmût*": "to die/to be executed/to be put to death" } }