Deut 32:15-44 : 15 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.15",
"source": "וַיִּשְׁמַ֤ן יְשֻׁרוּן֙ וַיִּבְעָ֔ט שָׁמַ֖נְתָּ עָבִ֣יתָ כָּשִׂ֑יתָ וַיִּטֹּשׁ֙ אֱל֣וֹהַ עָשָׂ֔הוּ וַיְנַבֵּ֖ל צ֥וּר יְשֻׁעָתֽוֹ׃",
"text": "*wayyišman* *yəšurûn* *wayyiḇʿāṭ* *šāmantā* *ʿāḇîṯā* *kāśîṯā* *wayyiṭṭōš* *ʾĕlôah* *ʿāśāhû* *waynaḇēl* *ṣûr* *yəšuʿāṯô*",
"grammar": {
"*wayyišman*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he grew fat",
"*yəšurûn*": "proper noun - Jeshurun (poetic name for Israel)",
"*wayyiḇʿāṭ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he kicked",
"*šāmantā*": "Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you grew fat",
"*ʿāḇîṯā*": "Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you grew thick",
"*kāśîṯā*": "Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you became covered/gorged",
"*wayyiṭṭōš*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he forsook",
"*ʾĕlôah*": "masculine singular noun - God",
"*ʿāśāhû*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - who made him",
"*waynaḇēl*": "waw consecutive + Piel imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he treated with contempt",
"*ṣûr*": "masculine singular construct noun - rock of",
"*yəšuʿāṯô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his salvation"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyišman*": "and he grew fat/and he became sleek/and he became prosperous",
"*yəšurûn*": "Jeshurun/Upright One (poetic name for Israel)",
"*wayyiḇʿāṭ*": "and he kicked/and he rebelled/and he resisted",
"*šāmantā*": "you grew fat/you became prosperous/you became sleek",
"*ʿāḇîṯā*": "you grew thick/you became stout/you became heavy",
"*kāśîṯā*": "you became covered/you became gorged/you were bloated",
"*wayyiṭṭōš*": "and he forsook/and he abandoned/and he rejected",
"*waynaḇēl*": "and he treated with contempt/and he spurned/and he dishonored",
"*ṣûr yəšuʿāṯô*": "rock of his salvation/his saving rock"
}
}
16 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.16",
"source": "יַקְנִאֻ֖הוּ בְּזָרִ֑ים בְּתוֹעֵבֹ֖ת יַכְעִיסֻֽהוּ׃",
"text": "*yaqnîʾuhû* *bəzārîm* *bəṯôʿēḇōṯ* *yaḵʿîsuhû*",
"grammar": {
"*yaqnîʾuhû*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - they made him jealous",
"*bəzārîm*": "preposition + masculine plural adjective - with strange ones",
"*bəṯôʿēḇōṯ*": "preposition + feminine plural noun - with abominations",
"*yaḵʿîsuhû*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - they provoked him"
},
"variants": {
"*yaqnîʾuhû*": "they made him jealous/they provoked him to jealousy/they moved him to envy",
"*zārîm*": "strange ones/foreigners/alien things",
"*tôʿēḇōṯ*": "abominations/detestable things/loathsome practices",
"*yaḵʿîsuhû*": "they provoked him/they vexed him/they angered him"
}
}
17 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.17",
"source": "יִזְבְּח֗וּ לַשֵּׁדִים֙ לֹ֣א אֱלֹ֔הַ אֱלֹהִ֖ים לֹ֣א יְדָע֑וּם חֲדָשִׁים֙ מִקָּרֹ֣ב בָּ֔אוּ לֹ֥א שְׂעָר֖וּם אֲבֹתֵיכֶֽם׃",
"text": "*yizbəḥû* *laššēdîm* *lōʾ* *ʾĕlōah* *ʾĕlōhîm* *lōʾ* *yədāʿûm* *ḥădāšîm* *miqqārōḇ* *bāʾû* *lōʾ* *śəʿārûm* *ʾăḇōṯêḵem*",
"grammar": {
"*yizbəḥû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they sacrificed",
"*laššēdîm*": "preposition + masculine plural noun with definite article - to the demons",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*ʾĕlōah*": "masculine singular noun - God/god",
"*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun - gods",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*yədāʿûm*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - they knew them",
"*ḥădāšîm*": "masculine plural adjective - new ones",
"*miqqārōḇ*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - from recently",
"*bāʾû*": "Qal perfect 3rd person common plural - they came",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*śəʿārûm*": "Qal perfect 3rd person common plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - they dreaded them",
"*ʾăḇōṯêḵem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your fathers"
},
"variants": {
"*yizbəḥû*": "they sacrificed/they offered/they slaughtered",
"*šēdîm*": "demons/evil spirits/false gods",
"*lōʾ ʾĕlōah*": "not God/no god/godless things",
"*yədāʿûm*": "they knew them/they were acquainted with them/they recognized them",
"*ḥădāšîm*": "new ones/newcomers/recent ones",
"*miqqārōḇ*": "from recently/from nearby/lately",
"*bāʾû*": "they came/they arrived/they appeared",
"*śəʿārûm*": "they dreaded them/they feared them/they were terrified of them"
}
}
18 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.18",
"source": "צ֥וּר יְלָדְךָ֖ תֶּ֑שִׁי וַתִּשְׁכַּ֖ח אֵ֥ל מְחֹלְלֶֽךָ׃",
"text": "*ṣûr* *yəlādəḵā* *tešî* *wattiškaḥ* *ʾēl* *məḥōleleḵā*",
"grammar": {
"*ṣûr*": "masculine singular noun - rock",
"*yəlādəḵā*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - who begot you",
"*tešî*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you forgot/neglected",
"*wattiškaḥ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - and you forgot",
"*ʾēl*": "masculine singular noun - God",
"*məḥōleleḵā*": "Polel participle masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - who gave you birth"
},
"variants": {
"*ṣûr yəlādəḵā*": "rock who begot you/rock who fathered you",
"*tešî*": "you forgot/you neglected/you were unmindful",
"*wattiškaḥ*": "and you forgot/and you ignored/and you were unmindful",
"*ʾēl məḥōleleḵā*": "God who gave you birth/God who brought you forth/God who formed you"
}
}
19 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.19",
"source": "וַיַּ֥רְא יְהוָ֖ה וַיִּנְאָ֑ץ מִכַּ֥עַס בָּנָ֖יו וּבְנֹתָֽיו׃",
"text": "*wayyarʾ* *YHWH* *wayyinʾāṣ* *mikkaʿas* *bānāyw* *ûḇənōṯāyw*",
"grammar": {
"*wayyarʾ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he saw",
"*YHWH*": "proper name - LORD/Yahweh",
"*wayyinʾāṣ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he spurned",
"*mikkaʿas*": "preposition + masculine singular construct noun - from provocation of",
"*bānāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his sons",
"*ûḇənōṯāyw*": "conjunction + feminine plural noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and his daughters"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyarʾ*": "and he saw/and he observed/and he noticed",
"*wayyinʾāṣ*": "and he spurned/and he despised/and he rejected",
"*mikkaʿas*": "from provocation/because of anger/due to vexation",
"*bānāyw*": "his sons/his children",
"*bənōṯāyw*": "his daughters/his female children"
}
}
20 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.20",
"source": "וַיֹּ֗אמֶר אַסְתִּ֤ירָה פָנַי֙ מֵהֶ֔ם אֶרְאֶ֖ה מָ֣ה אַחֲרִיתָ֑ם כִּ֣י ד֤וֹר תַּהְפֻּכֹת֙ הֵ֔מָּה בָּנִ֖ים לֹא־אֵמֻ֥ן בָּֽם׃",
"text": "*wayyōʾmer* *ʾastîrâ* *p̄ānay* *mēhem* *ʾerʾê* *mâ* *ʾaḥărîṯām* *kî* *dôr* *tahpuḵōṯ* *hēmmâ* *bānîm* *lōʾ*-*ʾēmun* *bām*",
"grammar": {
"*wayyōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he said",
"*ʾastîrâ*": "Hiphil imperfect 1st person singular cohortative - I will hide",
"*p̄ānay*": "masculine plural noun with 1st person singular suffix - my face",
"*mēhem*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - from them",
"*ʾerʾê*": "Qal imperfect 1st person singular cohortative - I will see",
"*mâ*": "interrogative - what",
"*ʾaḥărîṯām*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their end",
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*dôr*": "masculine singular construct noun - generation of",
"*tahpuḵōṯ*": "feminine plural noun - perversity",
"*hēmmâ*": "3rd person masculine plural pronoun - they",
"*bānîm*": "masculine plural noun - sons/children",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*ʾēmun*": "masculine singular noun - faithfulness",
"*bām*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - in them"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾastîrâ p̄ānay*": "I will hide my face/I will turn away from them/I will withdraw my presence",
"*ʾerʾê*": "I will see/I will observe/I will watch",
"*ʾaḥărîṯām*": "their end/their outcome/their future",
"*dôr tahpuḵōṯ*": "generation of perversity/perverse generation/twisted generation",
"*bānîm lōʾ-ʾēmun*": "children without faithfulness/unfaithful children/untrustworthy sons"
}
}
21 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.21",
"source": "הֵ֚ם קִנְא֣וּנִי בְלֹא־אֵ֔ל כִּעֲס֖וּנִי בְּהַבְלֵיהֶ֑ם וַאֲנִי֙ אַקְנִיאֵ֣ם בְּלֹא־עָ֔ם בְּג֥וֹי נָבָ֖ל אַכְעִיסֵֽם׃",
"text": "*hēm* *qinʾûnî* *ḇəlōʾ*-*ʾēl* *kiʿăsûnî* *bəhaḇlêhem* *waʾănî* *ʾaqnîʾēm* *bəlōʾ*-*ʿām* *bəgôy* *nāḇāl* *aḵʿîsēm*",
"grammar": {
"*hēm*": "3rd person masculine plural pronoun - they",
"*qinʾûnî*": "Piel perfect 3rd person common plural with 1st person singular suffix - they made me jealous",
"*ḇəlōʾ*": "preposition + negative particle - with no",
"*ʾēl*": "masculine singular noun - god",
"*kiʿăsûnî*": "Piel perfect 3rd person common plural with 1st person singular suffix - they provoked me",
"*bəhaḇlêhem*": "preposition + masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - with their vanities",
"*waʾănî*": "conjunction + 1st person singular pronoun - and I",
"*ʾaqnîʾēm*": "Hiphil imperfect 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - I will make them jealous",
"*bəlōʾ*": "preposition + negative particle - with no",
"*ʿām*": "masculine singular noun - people",
"*bəgôy*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - with nation",
"*nāḇāl*": "masculine singular adjective - foolish",
"*aḵʿîsēm*": "Hiphil imperfect 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - I will provoke them"
},
"variants": {
"*qinʾûnî*": "they made me jealous/they provoked me to jealousy/they stirred me to jealousy",
"*bəlōʾ-ʾēl*": "with no god/with what is not god/with a non-deity",
"*kiʿăsûnî*": "they provoked me/they vexed me/they made me angry",
"*haḇlêhem*": "their vanities/their idols/their worthless things",
"*ʾaqnîʾēm*": "I will make them jealous/I will provoke them to jealousy",
"*bəlōʾ-ʿām*": "with no people/with what is not a nation/with a non-people",
"*gôy nāḇāl*": "foolish nation/senseless nation/contemptible people",
"*aḵʿîsēm*": "I will provoke them/I will anger them/I will vex them"
}
}
22 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.22",
"source": "כִּי־אֵשׁ֙ קָדְחָ֣ה בְאַפִּ֔י וַתִּיקַ֖ד עַד־שְׁא֣וֹל תַּחְתִּ֑ית וַתֹּ֤אכַל אֶ֙רֶץ֙ וִֽיבֻלָ֔הּ וַתְּלַהֵ֖ט מוֹסְדֵ֥י הָרִֽים׃",
"text": "For *ʾēš* *qāḏəḥāh* in-*ʾappî*, *wattîqaḏ* unto-*šəʾôl* *taḥtît*; *wattōʾḵal* *ʾereṣ* and-*yəḇulāh*, *wattəlahēṭ* *môsəḏê* *hārîm*.",
"grammar": {
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*ʾēš*": "noun, feminine, singular - fire",
"*qāḏəḥāh*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - has kindled/ignited",
"*bə*": "preposition - in",
"*ʾappî*": "noun, masculine, singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my nostril/anger",
"*wattîqaḏ*": "verb, qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd feminine singular - and it burns",
"*ʿaḏ*": "preposition - unto/to",
"*šəʾôl*": "noun, feminine, singular - Sheol/underworld",
"*taḥtît*": "adjective, feminine, singular - lowest/nethermost",
"*wattōʾḵal*": "verb, qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd feminine singular - and it consumes",
"*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular - earth/land",
"*wî*": "conjunction - and",
"*yəḇulāh*": "noun, masculine, singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - its produce/yield",
"*wattəlahēṭ*": "verb, piel imperfect consecutive, 3rd feminine singular - and it sets aflame",
"*môsəḏê*": "noun, masculine, plural construct - foundations of",
"*hārîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - mountains"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾēš*": "fire/flame",
"*qāḏəḥāh*": "kindled/ignited/blazed",
"*ʾappî*": "my nostril/my anger/my wrath",
"*šəʾôl*": "Sheol/underworld/grave",
"*taḥtît*": "lowest/deepest/nethermost",
"*yəḇulāh*": "its produce/yield/increase",
"*môsəḏê*": "foundations/bases"
}
}
23 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.23",
"source": "אַסְפֶּ֥ה עָלֵ֖ימוֹ רָע֑וֹת חִצַּ֖י אֲכַלֶּה־בָּֽם׃",
"text": "*ʾaspeh* upon-them *rāʿôṯ*; *ḥiṣṣay* *ʾăḵalleh*-in-them.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾaspeh*": "verb, hifil imperfect, 1st person singular - I will heap up",
"*ʿălêmô*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - upon them",
"*rāʿôṯ*": "noun, feminine, plural - evils/disasters/calamities",
"*ḥiṣṣay*": "noun, masculine, plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - my arrows",
"*ʾăḵalleh*": "verb, piel imperfect, 1st person singular - I will spend/exhaust/use up",
"*bām*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - in them/against them"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾaspeh*": "I will heap up/gather/accumulate",
"*rāʿôṯ*": "evils/disasters/calamities/misfortunes",
"*ḥiṣṣay*": "my arrows/shafts",
"*ʾăḵalleh*": "I will spend/exhaust/consume/use up"
}
}
24 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.24",
"source": "מְזֵ֥י רָעָ֛ב וּלְחֻ֥מֵי רֶ֖שֶׁף וְקֶ֣טֶב מְרִירִ֑י וְשֶׁן־בְּהֵמוֹת֙ אֲשַׁלַּח־בָּ֔ם עִם־חֲמַ֖ת זֹחֲלֵ֥י עָפָֽר׃",
"text": "*məzê* *rāʿāḇ* and-*ləḥumê* *rešep̄* and-*qeṭeḇ* *mərîrî*; and-*šen*-*bəhêmôṯ* *ʾăšallaḥ*-in-them, with-*ḥămaṯ* *zōḥălê* *ʿāp̄ār*.",
"grammar": {
"*məzê*": "adjective, masculine, plural construct - exhausted of/wasted by",
"*rāʿāḇ*": "noun, masculine, singular - hunger/famine",
"*û*": "conjunction - and",
"*ləḥumê*": "adjective, masculine, plural construct - consumed by",
"*rešep̄*": "noun, masculine, singular - flame/burning/pestilence",
"*wə*": "conjunction - and",
"*qeṭeḇ*": "noun, masculine, singular - destruction/plague",
"*mərîrî*": "adjective, masculine, singular - bitter/poisonous",
"*wə*": "conjunction - and",
"*šen*": "noun, feminine, singular construct - tooth of",
"*bəhêmôṯ*": "noun, feminine, plural - beasts/animals",
"*ʾăšallaḥ*": "verb, piel imperfect, 1st person singular - I will send",
"*bām*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - against them",
"*ʿim*": "preposition - with",
"*ḥămaṯ*": "noun, feminine, singular construct - venom/poison of",
"*zōḥălê*": "participle, qal, masculine, plural construct - crawlers of/those crawling in",
"*ʿāp̄ār*": "noun, masculine, singular - dust/soil/earth"
},
"variants": {
"*məzê*": "exhausted/wasted/sucked dry",
"*rāʿāḇ*": "hunger/famine/starvation",
"*ləḥumê*": "consumed/devoured/eaten up",
"*rešep̄*": "flame/burning/pestilence/plague/fever",
"*qeṭeḇ*": "destruction/plague/pestilence",
"*mərîrî*": "bitter/poisonous/deadly",
"*šen*": "tooth/fangs",
"*bəhêmôṯ*": "beasts/animals/large creatures",
"*ʾăšallaḥ*": "I will send/dispatch/let loose",
"*ḥămaṯ*": "venom/poison/fury",
"*zōḥălê*": "crawlers/creepers/those who crawl",
"*ʿāp̄ār*": "dust/soil/earth/ground"
}
}
25 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.25",
"source": "מִחוּץ֙ תְּשַׁכֶּל־חֶ֔רֶב וּמֵחֲדָרִ֖ים אֵימָ֑ה גַּם־בָּחוּר֙ גַּם־בְּתוּלָ֔ה יוֹנֵ֖ק עִם־אִ֥ישׁ שֵׂיבָֽה׃",
"text": "From-outside *təšakkel*-*ḥereḇ* and-from-chambers *ʾêmāh*; also-*bāḥûr* also-*bəṯûlāh*, *yônêq* with-*ʾîš* *śêḇāh*.",
"grammar": {
"*miḥûṣ*": "preposition with noun - from outside",
"*təšakkel*": "verb, piel imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - will bereave",
"*ḥereḇ*": "noun, feminine, singular - sword",
"*û*": "conjunction - and",
"*mêḥăḏārîm*": "preposition with noun, masculine, plural - from chambers/rooms",
"*ʾêmāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - terror/horror/dread",
"*gam*": "particle - also/even",
"*bāḥûr*": "noun, masculine, singular - young man/chosen one",
"*gam*": "particle - also/even",
"*bəṯûlāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - virgin/maiden",
"*yônêq*": "noun, masculine, singular - suckling/infant",
"*ʿim*": "preposition - with",
"*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - man of",
"*śêḇāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - gray hair/old age"
},
"variants": {
"*təšakkel*": "will bereave/rob/make childless",
"*ḥereḇ*": "sword/knife/destruction",
"*ʾêmāh*": "terror/horror/dread",
"*bāḥûr*": "young man/chosen one/youth",
"*bəṯûlāh*": "virgin/maiden/unmarried woman",
"*yônêq*": "suckling/nursing infant",
"*ʾîš*": "man/person",
"*śêḇāh*": "gray hair/old age/hoary head"
}
}
26 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.26",
"source": "אָמַ֖רְתִּי אַפְאֵיהֶ֑ם אַשְׁבִּ֥יתָה מֵאֱנ֖וֹשׁ זִכְרָֽם׃",
"text": "*ʾāmartî* *ʾap̄ʾêhem* *ʾašbîṯāh* from-*ʾĕnôš* *ziḵrām*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾāmartî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I said",
"*ʾap̄ʾêhem*": "verb, hifil imperfect, 1st person singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - I will scatter them",
"*ʾašbîṯāh*": "verb, hifil imperfect cohortative, 1st person singular - I will make cease",
"*mê*": "preposition - from",
"*ʾĕnôš*": "noun, masculine, singular - mankind/humanity",
"*ziḵrām*": "noun, masculine, singular construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their remembrance/memory"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾāmartî*": "I said/thought/declared",
"*ʾap̄ʾêhem*": "I will scatter them/blow them away/make them cease to exist",
"*ʾašbîṯāh*": "I will make cease/eliminate/cause to end",
"*ʾĕnôš*": "mankind/humanity/mortals",
"*ziḵrām*": "their remembrance/memory/mention"
}
}
27 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.27",
"source": "לוּלֵ֗י כַּ֤עַס אוֹיֵב֙ אָג֔וּר פֶּֽן־יְנַכְּר֖וּ צָרֵ֑ימוֹ פֶּן־יֹֽאמְרוּ֙ יָדֵ֣ינוּ רָ֔מָה וְלֹ֥א יְהוָ֖ה פָּעַ֥ל כָּל־זֹֽאת׃",
"text": "*lûlê* *kaʿas* *ʾôyêḇ* *ʾāgûr*, lest-*yənakkərû* *ṣārêmô*; lest-*yōʾmərû* *yāḏênû* *rāmāh*, and-not *YHWH* *pāʿal* all-this.",
"grammar": {
"*lûlê*": "conjunction - except for/were it not for",
"*kaʿas*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - provocation of",
"*ʾôyêḇ*": "noun, masculine, singular - enemy",
"*ʾāgûr*": "verb, qal passive participle, masculine, singular - I dreaded/feared",
"*pen*": "conjunction - lest",
"*yənakkərû*": "verb, piel imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they might misunderstand",
"*ṣārêmô*": "participle, qal, masculine, plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their adversaries",
"*pen*": "conjunction - lest",
"*yōʾmərû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they would say",
"*yāḏênû*": "noun, feminine, singular construct with 1st person plural suffix - our hand",
"*rāmāh*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - is exalted/high",
"*wə*": "conjunction - and",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/the LORD",
"*pāʿal*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - has done/worked",
"*kāl*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - all of",
"*zōʾṯ*": "demonstrative pronoun, feminine, singular - this"
},
"variants": {
"*lûlê*": "except for/were it not for/had it not been",
"*kaʿas*": "provocation/anger/vexation",
"*ʾôyêḇ*": "enemy/foe",
"*ʾāgûr*": "I dreaded/feared/was worried about",
"*yənakkərû*": "they might misunderstand/misinterpret/not recognize",
"*ṣārêmô*": "their adversaries/foes/opponents",
"*yōʾmərû*": "they would say/declare/claim",
"*yāḏênû*": "our hand/power/strength",
"*rāmāh*": "is exalted/high/lifted up",
"*pāʿal*": "has done/worked/accomplished"
}
}
28 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.28",
"source": "כִּי־ג֛וֹי אֹבַ֥ד עֵצ֖וֹת הֵ֑מָּה וְאֵ֥ין בָּהֶ֖ם תְּבוּנָֽה׃",
"text": "For *gôy* *ʾōḇaḏ* *ʿêṣôṯ* *hēmmāh*, and-there-is-not in-them *təḇûnāh*.",
"grammar": {
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*gôy*": "noun, masculine, singular - nation",
"*ʾōḇaḏ*": "adjective, masculine, singular - perishing/lacking/void of",
"*ʿêṣôṯ*": "noun, feminine, plural - counsels/advice",
"*hēmmāh*": "pronoun, 3rd person, masculine, plural - they",
"*wə*": "conjunction - and",
"*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there is not",
"*bāhem*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - in them",
"*təḇûnāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - understanding/insight/discernment"
},
"variants": {
"*gôy*": "nation/people/gentiles",
"*ʾōḇaḏ*": "perishing/lacking/void of/bereft of",
"*ʿêṣôṯ*": "counsels/advice/wisdom/plans",
"*təḇûnāh*": "understanding/insight/discernment/intelligence"
}
}
29 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.29",
"source": "ל֥וּ חָכְמ֖וּ יַשְׂכִּ֣ילוּ זֹ֑את יָבִ֖ינוּ לְאַחֲרִיתָֽם׃",
"text": "If *ḥāḵəmû* they-would-*yaśkîlû* this; they-would-*yāḇînû* to-*ʾaḥărîṯām*.",
"grammar": {
"*lû*": "conditional particle - if/if only/O that",
"*ḥāḵəmû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person, plural - they were wise",
"*yaśkîlû*": "verb, hifil imperfect, 3rd person, plural - they would consider/understand",
"*zōʾṯ*": "demonstrative pronoun, feminine, singular - this",
"*yāḇînû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person, plural - they would discern/understand",
"*lə*": "preposition - to/for",
"*ʾaḥărîṯām*": "noun, feminine, singular construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their end/outcome/latter state"
},
"variants": {
"*ḥāḵəmû*": "they were wise/had wisdom",
"*yaśkîlû*": "they would consider/understand/comprehend/be prudent about",
"*yāḇînû*": "they would discern/understand/perceive",
"*ʾaḥărîṯām*": "their end/outcome/latter state/future"
}
}
30 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.30",
"source": "אֵיכָ֞ה יִרְדֹּ֤ף אֶחָד֙ אֶ֔לֶף וּשְׁנַ֖יִם יָנִ֣יסוּ רְבָבָ֑ה אִם־לֹא֙ כִּי־צוּרָ֣ם מְכָרָ֔ם וַֽיהוָ֖ה הִסְגִּירָֽם׃",
"text": "How *yirdōp̄* *ʾeḥāḏ* *ʾelep̄*, and-*šənayim* *yānîsû* *rəḇāḇāh*? If-not that-*ṣûrām* *məḵārām*, and-*YHWH* *hisgîrām*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾêḵāh*": "interrogative adverb - how",
"*yirdōp̄*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - would chase/pursue",
"*ʾeḥāḏ*": "numeral, masculine, singular - one",
"*ʾelep̄*": "noun, masculine, singular - thousand",
"*û*": "conjunction - and",
"*šənayim*": "numeral, masculine, dual - two",
"*yānîsû*": "verb, hifil imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - would put to flight",
"*rəḇāḇāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - ten thousand/myriad",
"*ʾim-lōʾ*": "conditional negative - if not/unless",
"*kî*": "conjunction - that/because",
"*ṣûrām*": "noun, masculine, singular construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their rock",
"*məḵārām*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - sold them",
"*wa*": "conjunction - and",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/the LORD",
"*hisgîrām*": "verb, hifil perfect, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - delivered them up"
},
"variants": {
"*yirdōp̄*": "would chase/pursue/hunt",
"*ʾelep̄*": "thousand/clan",
"*yānîsû*": "would put to flight/chase away/cause to flee",
"*rəḇāḇāh*": "ten thousand/myriad/multitude",
"*ṣûrām*": "their rock/stronghold/refuge",
"*məḵārām*": "sold them/handed them over/delivered them",
"*hisgîrām*": "delivered them up/surrendered them/handed them over"
}
}
31 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.31",
"source": "כִּ֛י לֹ֥א כְצוּרֵ֖נוּ צוּרָ֑ם וְאֹיְבֵ֖ינוּ פְּלִילִֽים׃",
"text": "For not like-*ṣûrênû* *ṣûrām*, and-*ʾōyəḇênû* *pəlîlîm*.",
"grammar": {
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*ḵə*": "preposition - like/as",
"*ṣûrênû*": "noun, masculine, singular construct with 1st person plural suffix - our rock",
"*ṣûrām*": "noun, masculine, singular construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their rock",
"*wə*": "conjunction - and",
"*ʾōyəḇênû*": "noun, masculine, plural construct with 1st person plural suffix - our enemies",
"*pəlîlîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - judges/arbiters"
},
"variants": {
"*ṣûrênû*": "our rock/our stronghold/our refuge",
"*ṣûrām*": "their rock/their stronghold/their refuge",
"*ʾōyəḇênû*": "our enemies/our foes",
"*pəlîlîm*": "judges/arbiters/umpires/those who decide"
}
}
32 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.32",
"source": "כִּֽי־מִגֶּ֤פֶן סְדֹם֙ גַּפְנָ֔ם וּמִשַּׁדְמֹ֖ת עֲמֹרָ֑ה עֲנָבֵ֙מוֹ֙ עִנְּבֵי־ר֔וֹשׁ אַשְׁכְּלֹ֥ת מְרֹרֹ֖ת לָֽמוֹ׃",
"text": "For from-*gep̄en* *Səḏōm* *gap̄nām*, and-from-*šaḏmōṯ* *ʿĂmōrāh*; *ʿănāḇêmô* *ʿinnəḇê*-*rôš*, *ʾaškəlōṯ* *mərōrōṯ* to-them.",
"grammar": {
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*mi*": "preposition - from",
"*gep̄en*": "noun, feminine, singular construct - vine of",
"*Səḏōm*": "proper noun - Sodom",
"*gap̄nām*": "noun, feminine, singular construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their vine",
"*û*": "conjunction - and",
"*mi*": "preposition - from",
"*šaḏmōṯ*": "noun, feminine, plural construct - fields of",
"*ʿĂmōrāh*": "proper noun - Gomorrah",
"*ʿănāḇêmô*": "noun, masculine, plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their grapes",
"*ʿinnəḇê*": "noun, masculine, plural construct - grapes of",
"*rôš*": "noun, masculine, singular - poison/venom/bitterness",
"*ʾaškəlōṯ*": "noun, masculine, plural construct - clusters of",
"*mərōrōṯ*": "noun, feminine, plural - bitterness/bitter things",
"*lāmô*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - to them/for them"
},
"variants": {
"*gep̄en*": "vine/grapevine",
"*gap̄nām*": "their vine/their vineyard",
"*šaḏmōṯ*": "fields/vineyards/terraces",
"*ʿănāḇêmô*": "their grapes/their fruit",
"*ʿinnəḇê*": "grapes of/berries of",
"*rôš*": "poison/venom/gall/bitterness",
"*ʾaškəlōṯ*": "clusters/bunches",
"*mərōrōṯ*": "bitterness/bitter things/gall"
}
}
33 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.33",
"source": "חֲמַ֥ת תַּנִּינִ֖ם יֵינָ֑ם וְרֹ֥אשׁ פְּתָנִ֖ים אַכְזָֽר׃",
"text": "*ḥămaṯ* *tannînîm* *yênām*, and-*rōʾš* *pəṯānîm* *ʾaḵzār*.",
"grammar": {
"*ḥămaṯ*": "noun, feminine, singular construct - venom of",
"*tannînîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - serpents/dragons/sea monsters",
"*yênām*": "noun, masculine, singular construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their wine",
"*wə*": "conjunction - and",
"*rōʾš*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - venom of",
"*pəṯānîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - cobras/asps/vipers",
"*ʾaḵzār*": "adjective, masculine, singular - cruel/deadly"
},
"variants": {
"*ḥămaṯ*": "venom/poison/fury",
"*tannînîm*": "serpents/dragons/sea monsters/jackals",
"*yênām*": "their wine/their drink",
"*rōʾš*": "venom/poison/gall/bitterness",
"*pəṯānîm*": "cobras/asps/vipers",
"*ʾaḵzār*": "cruel/deadly/merciless"
}
}
34 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.34",
"source": "הֲלֹא־ה֖וּא כָּמֻ֣ס עִמָּדִ֑י חָתֻ֖ם בְּאוֹצְרֹתָֽי׃",
"text": "Is-not-it *kāmus* with-me, *ḥāṯum* in-*ʾôṣərōṯāy*?",
"grammar": {
"*hălōʾ*": "interrogative particle - is not",
"*hûʾ*": "pronoun, 3rd person, masculine, singular - it/he",
"*kāmus*": "verb, qal passive participle, masculine, singular - stored up/hidden",
"*ʿimmāḏî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - with me",
"*ḥāṯum*": "verb, qal passive participle, masculine, singular - sealed",
"*bə*": "preposition - in",
"*ʾôṣərōṯāy*": "noun, masculine, plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - my treasuries/storehouses"
},
"variants": {
"*kāmus*": "stored up/hidden/kept secret",
"*ʿimmāḏî*": "with me/by me/in my possession",
"*ḥāṯum*": "sealed/secured/locked away",
"*ʾôṣərōṯāy*": "my treasuries/storehouses/treasures"
}
}
35 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.35",
"source": "לִ֤י נָקָם֙ וְשִׁלֵּ֔ם לְעֵ֖ת תָּמ֣וּט רַגְלָ֑ם כִּ֤י קָרוֹב֙ י֣וֹם אֵידָ֔ם וְחָ֖שׁ עֲתִדֹ֥ת לָֽמוֹ׃",
"text": "To-me *nāqām* and-*šillēm*, for-time *tāmûṭ* *raḡlām*; for *qārôḇ* *yôm* *ʾêḏām*, and-*ḥāš* *ʿăṯiḏōṯ* for-them.",
"grammar": {
"*lî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - to me/for me",
"*nāqām*": "noun, masculine, singular - vengeance",
"*wə*": "conjunction - and",
"*šillēm*": "noun, masculine, singular - recompense/retribution",
"*lə*": "preposition - for/at",
"*ʿêṯ*": "noun, feminine, singular construct - time of",
"*tāmûṭ*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - slips/wavers",
"*raḡlām*": "noun, feminine, singular construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their foot",
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*qārôḇ*": "adjective, masculine, singular - near/imminent",
"*yôm*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - day of",
"*ʾêḏām*": "noun, masculine, singular construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their calamity",
"*wə*": "conjunction - and",
"*ḥāš*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - hastens/hurries",
"*ʿăṯiḏōṯ*": "noun, feminine, plural - things prepared/destined events",
"*lāmô*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - for them/to them"
},
"variants": {
"*nāqām*": "vengeance/revenge",
"*šillēm*": "recompense/retribution/repayment",
"*tāmûṭ*": "slips/wavers/totters",
"*raḡlām*": "their foot/their step",
"*qārôḇ*": "near/imminent/at hand",
"*yôm*": "day/time",
"*ʾêḏām*": "their calamity/disaster/doom",
"*ḥāš*": "hastens/hurries/rushes",
"*ʿăṯiḏōṯ*": "things prepared/destined events/what is ready"
}
}
36 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.36",
"source": "כִּֽי־יָדִ֤ין יְהוָה֙ עַמּ֔וֹ וְעַל־עֲבָדָ֖יו יִתְנֶחָ֑ם כִּ֤י יִרְאֶה֙ כִּי־אָ֣זְלַת יָ֔ד וְאֶ֖פֶס עָצ֥וּר וְעָזֽוּב׃",
"text": "For *yāḏîn* *YHWH* *ʿammô*, and-concerning-*ʿăḇāḏāyw* *yiṯneḥām*; for *yirʾeh* that-*ʾāzəlaṯ* *yāḏ*, and-nothing *ʿāṣûr* and-*ʿāzûḇ*.",
"grammar": {
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*yāḏîn*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - will judge/vindicate",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/the LORD",
"*ʿammô*": "noun, masculine, singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his people",
"*wə*": "conjunction - and",
"*ʿal*": "preposition - concerning/on behalf of",
"*ʿăḇāḏāyw*": "noun, masculine, plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his servants",
"*yiṯneḥām*": "verb, hitpael imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - will relent/have compassion",
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/when",
"*yirʾeh*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will see",
"*kî*": "conjunction - that",
"*ʾāzəlaṯ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - is gone/exhausted",
"*yāḏ*": "noun, feminine, singular - hand/strength",
"*wə*": "conjunction - and",
"*ʾep̄es*": "noun, masculine, singular - ceasing/end of",
"*ʿāṣûr*": "adjective, masculine, singular passive - confined/restrained",
"*wə*": "conjunction - and",
"*ʿāzûḇ*": "adjective, masculine, singular passive - abandoned/forsaken"
},
"variants": {
"*yāḏîn*": "will judge/vindicate/defend",
"*ʿammô*": "his people/his nation",
"*ʿăḇāḏāyw*": "his servants/his slaves",
"*yiṯneḥām*": "will relent/have compassion/comfort himself",
"*yirʾeh*": "he will see/observe/perceive",
"*ʾāzəlaṯ*": "is gone/exhausted/depleted",
"*yāḏ*": "hand/strength/power",
"*ʾep̄es*": "ceasing/end of/nothing",
"*ʿāṣûr*": "confined/restrained/imprisoned",
"*ʿāzûḇ*": "abandoned/forsaken/left behind"
}
}
37 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.37",
"source": "וְאָמַ֖ר אֵ֣י אֱלֹהֵ֑ימוֹ צ֖וּר חָסָ֥יוּ בֽוֹ׃",
"text": "And-*ʾāmar* where *ʾĕlōhêmô*, *ṣûr* *ḥāsāyû* in-him?",
"grammar": {
"*wə*": "conjunction - and",
"*ʾāmar*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will say",
"*ʾê*": "interrogative adverb - where",
"*ʾĕlōhêmô*": "noun, masculine, plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their gods",
"*ṣûr*": "noun, masculine, singular - rock",
"*ḥāsāyû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they sought refuge",
"*ḇô*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - in him"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾāmar*": "he will say/ask/declare",
"*ʾê*": "where/how",
"*ʾĕlōhêmô*": "their gods/their deities",
"*ṣûr*": "rock/stronghold/refuge",
"*ḥāsāyû*": "they sought refuge/they trusted/they took shelter"
}
}
38 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.38",
"source": "אֲשֶׁ֨ר חֵ֤לֶב זְבָחֵ֙ימוֹ֙ יֹאכֵ֔לוּ יִשְׁתּ֖וּ יֵ֣ין נְסִיכָ֑ם יָק֙וּמוּ֙ וְיַעְזְרֻכֶ֔ם יְהִ֥י עֲלֵיכֶ֖ם סִתְרָֽה׃",
"text": "Which *ḥēleḇ* *zəḇāḥêmô* *yōʾḵēlû*, *yištû* *yên* *nəsîḵām*; *yāqûmû* and-*yaʿzəruḵem*, *yəhî* over-you *siṯrāh*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/who",
"*ḥēleḇ*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - fat of",
"*zəḇāḥêmô*": "noun, masculine, plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their sacrifices",
"*yōʾḵēlû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they would eat",
"*yištû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they would drink",
"*yên*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - wine of",
"*nəsîḵām*": "noun, masculine, plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their drink offerings",
"*yāqûmû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural jussive - let them rise",
"*wə*": "conjunction - and",
"*yaʿzəruḵem*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural with 2nd masculine plural suffix - help you",
"*yəhî*": "verb, qal imperfect jussive, 3rd masculine singular - let it be",
"*ʿălêḵem*": "preposition with 2nd masculine plural suffix - over you",
"*siṯrāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - protection/hiding place"
},
"variants": {
"*ḥēleḇ*": "fat/best part/choicest part",
"*zəḇāḥêmô*": "their sacrifices/their offerings",
"*yōʾḵēlû*": "they would eat/consume",
"*yištû*": "they would drink/consume",
"*yên*": "wine/fermented drink",
"*nəsîḵām*": "their drink offerings/their libations",
"*yāqûmû*": "let them rise/stand up/arise",
"*yaʿzəruḵem*": "help you/assist you/come to your aid",
"*yəhî*": "let it be/may it be",
"*siṯrāh*": "protection/hiding place/shelter"
}
}
39 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.39",
"source": "רְא֣וּ ׀ עַתָּ֗ה כִּ֣י אֲנִ֤י אֲנִי֙ ה֔וּא וְאֵ֥ין אֱלֹהִ֖ים עִמָּדִ֑י אֲנִ֧י אָמִ֣ית וַאֲחַיֶּ֗ה מָחַ֙צְתִּי֙ וַאֲנִ֣י אֶרְפָּ֔א וְאֵ֥ין מִיָּדִ֖י מַצִּֽיל׃",
"text": "*Rəʾû* now that *ʾănî* *ʾănî* *hûʾ*, and-there-is-no *ʾĕlōhîm* with-me; *ʾănî* *ʾāmîṯ* and-*ʾăḥayyeh*, *māḥaṣtî* and-*ʾănî* *ʾerpāʾ*, and-there-is-none from-my-hand *maṣṣîl*.",
"grammar": {
"*rəʾû*": "verb, qal imperative, masculine, plural - see/behold",
"*ʿattāh*": "adverb - now",
"*kî*": "conjunction - that/because",
"*ʾănî*": "pronoun, 1st person, singular - I",
"*ʾănî*": "pronoun, 1st person, singular - I",
"*hûʾ*": "pronoun, 3rd person, masculine, singular - he",
"*wə*": "conjunction - and",
"*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there is no",
"*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - gods/God",
"*ʿimmāḏî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - with me",
"*ʾănî*": "pronoun, 1st person, singular - I",
"*ʾāmîṯ*": "verb, hifil imperfect, 1st person singular - I kill",
"*wa*": "conjunction - and",
"*ʾăḥayyeh*": "verb, piel imperfect, 1st person singular - I make alive",
"*māḥaṣtî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I have wounded",
"*wa*": "conjunction - and",
"*ʾănî*": "pronoun, 1st person, singular - I",
"*ʾerpāʾ*": "verb, qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I heal",
"*wə*": "conjunction - and",
"*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there is none",
"*miyyāḏî*": "preposition with noun, feminine, singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - from my hand",
"*maṣṣîl*": "participle, hifil, masculine, singular - one who delivers/rescues"
},
"variants": {
"*rəʾû*": "see/behold/observe",
"*ʾănî* *ʾănî* *hûʾ*": "I, even I, am he/I am the one",
"*ʾĕlōhîm*": "gods/God/deity",
"*ʾāmîṯ*": "I kill/put to death",
"*ʾăḥayyeh*": "I make alive/bring to life/revive",
"*māḥaṣtî*": "I have wounded/struck/pierced",
"*ʾerpāʾ*": "I heal/restore/make whole",
"*maṣṣîl*": "one who delivers/rescues/saves"
}
}
40 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.40",
"source": "כִּֽי־אֶשָּׂ֥א אֶל־שָׁמַ֖יִם יָדִ֑י וְאָמַ֕רְתִּי חַ֥י אָנֹכִ֖י לְעֹלָֽם׃",
"text": "For *ʾeśśāʾ* to-*šāmayim* *yāḏî*, and-*ʾāmartî* *ḥay* *ʾānōḵî* to-*ʿōlām*.",
"grammar": {
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*ʾeśśāʾ*": "verb, qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I lift up",
"*ʾel*": "preposition - to/toward",
"*šāmayim*": "noun, masculine, plural - heavens",
"*yāḏî*": "noun, feminine, singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my hand",
"*wə*": "conjunction - and",
"*ʾāmartî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I say",
"*ḥay*": "adjective, masculine, singular - living",
"*ʾānōḵî*": "pronoun, 1st person, singular - I",
"*lə*": "preposition - to/for",
"*ʿōlām*": "noun, masculine, singular - forever/eternity"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾeśśāʾ*": "I lift up/raise",
"*šāmayim*": "heavens/sky",
"*yāḏî*": "my hand/my arm",
"*ʾāmartî*": "I say/declare/swear",
"*ḥay*": "living/alive",
"*ʿōlām*": "forever/eternity/perpetuity"
}
}
41 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.41",
"source": "אִם־שַׁנּוֹתִי֙ בְּרַ֣ק חַרְבִּ֔י וְתֹאחֵ֥ז בְּמִשְׁפָּ֖ט יָדִ֑י אָשִׁ֤יב נָקָם֙ לְצָרָ֔י וְלִמְשַׂנְאַ֖י אֲשַׁלֵּֽם׃",
"text": "If *šannôṯî* *bəraq* *ḥarbî*, and-*tōʾḥēz* in-*mišpāṭ* *yāḏî*; *ʾāšîḇ* *nāqām* to-*ṣārāy*, and-to-*məśanʾay* *ʾăšallēm*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾim*": "conjunction - if",
"*šannôṯî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I sharpen/whet",
"*bəraq*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - lightning/glittering of",
"*ḥarbî*": "noun, feminine, singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my sword",
"*wə*": "conjunction - and",
"*tōʾḥēz*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - takes hold",
"*bə*": "preposition - in",
"*mišpāṭ*": "noun, masculine, singular - judgment",
"*yāḏî*": "noun, feminine, singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my hand",
"*ʾāšîḇ*": "verb, hifil imperfect, 1st person singular - I will return/render",
"*nāqām*": "noun, masculine, singular - vengeance",
"*lə*": "preposition - to",
"*ṣārāy*": "participle, qal, masculine, plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - my adversaries",
"*wə*": "conjunction - and",
"*li*": "preposition - to",
"*məśanʾay*": "participle, piel, masculine, plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - those who hate me",
"*ʾăšallēm*": "verb, piel imperfect, 1st person singular - I will repay"
},
"variants": {
"*šannôṯî*": "I sharpen/whet/polish",
"*bəraq*": "lightning/glittering/flash",
"*ḥarbî*": "my sword/my weapon",
"*tōʾḥēz*": "takes hold/grasps/seizes",
"*mišpāṭ*": "judgment/justice/righteousness",
"*yāḏî*": "my hand/my power",
"*ʾāšîḇ*": "I will return/render/pay back",
"*nāqām*": "vengeance/retribution",
"*ṣārāy*": "my adversaries/enemies/foes",
"*məśanʾay*": "those who hate me/my haters",
"*ʾăšallēm*": "I will repay/requite/recompense"
}
}
42 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.42",
"source": "אַשְׁכִּ֤יר חִצַּי֙ מִדָּ֔ם וְחַרְבִּ֖י תֹּאכַ֣ל בָּשָׂ֑ר מִדַּ֤ם חָלָל֙ וְשִׁבְיָ֔ה מֵרֹ֖אשׁ פַּרְע֥וֹת אוֹיֵֽב׃",
"text": "*ʾaškîr* *ḥiṣṣay* from-*dām*, and-*ḥarbî* *tōʾḵal* *bāśār*; from-*dam* *ḥālāl* and-*šiḇyāh*, from-*rōʾš* *parʿôṯ* *ʾôyêḇ*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾaškîr*": "verb, hifil imperfect, 1st person singular - I will make drunk",
"*ḥiṣṣay*": "noun, masculine, plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - my arrows",
"*mi*": "preposition - from",
"*dām*": "noun, masculine, singular - blood",
"*wə*": "conjunction - and",
"*ḥarbî*": "noun, feminine, singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my sword",
"*tōʾḵal*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - will devour",
"*bāśār*": "noun, masculine, singular - flesh",
"*mi*": "preposition - from",
"*dam*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - blood of",
"*ḥālāl*": "noun, masculine, singular - slain/pierced",
"*wə*": "conjunction - and",
"*šiḇyāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - captivity/captives",
"*mê*": "preposition - from",
"*rōʾš*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - head of",
"*parʿôṯ*": "noun, feminine, plural construct - leaders of",
"*ʾôyêḇ*": "noun, masculine, singular - enemy"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾaškîr*": "I will make drunk/saturate/drench",
"*ḥiṣṣay*": "my arrows/my shafts",
"*dām*": "blood/lifeblood",
"*ḥarbî*": "my sword/my weapon",
"*tōʾḵal*": "will devour/consume/eat",
"*bāśār*": "flesh/meat/body",
"*ḥālāl*": "slain/pierced/wounded",
"*šiḇyāh*": "captivity/captives/prisoners",
"*rōʾš*": "head/top/chief",
"*parʿôṯ*": "leaders/long-haired ones/princes",
"*ʾôyêḇ*": "enemy/foe"
}
}
43 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.43",
"source": "הַרְנִ֤ינוּ גוֹיִם֙ עַמּ֔וֹ כִּ֥י דַם־עֲבָדָ֖יו יִקּ֑וֹם וְנָקָם֙ יָשִׁ֣יב לְצָרָ֔יו וְכִפֶּ֥ר אַדְמָת֖וֹ עַמּֽוֹ׃ פ",
"text": "*Harnînû* *gôyim* *ʿammô*, for *dam*-*ʿăḇāḏāyw* *yiqqôm*; and-*nāqām* *yāšîḇ* to-*ṣārāyw*, and-*ḵipper* *ʾaḏmāṯô* *ʿammô*.",
"grammar": {
"*harnînû*": "verb, hifil imperative, masculine, plural - rejoice/sing joyfully",
"*gôyim*": "noun, masculine, plural - nations",
"*ʿammô*": "noun, masculine, singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his people",
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*dam*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - blood of",
"*ʿăḇāḏāyw*": "noun, masculine, plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his servants",
"*yiqqôm*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will avenge",
"*wə*": "conjunction - and",
"*nāqām*": "noun, masculine, singular - vengeance",
"*yāšîḇ*": "verb, hifil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will return/render",
"*lə*": "preposition - to",
"*ṣārāyw*": "participle, qal, masculine, plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his adversaries",
"*wə*": "conjunction - and",
"*ḵipper*": "verb, piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will atone for/cleanse",
"*ʾaḏmāṯô*": "noun, feminine, singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his land",
"*ʿammô*": "noun, masculine, singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his people"
},
"variants": {
"*harnînû*": "rejoice/sing joyfully/shout with joy",
"*gôyim*": "nations/gentiles/peoples",
"*ʿammô*": "his people/his nation",
"*dam*": "blood/bloodshed",
"*ʿăḇāḏāyw*": "his servants/his slaves",
"*yiqqôm*": "he will avenge/take vengeance",
"*nāqām*": "vengeance/retribution",
"*yāšîḇ*": "he will return/render/repay",
"*ṣārāyw*": "his adversaries/his enemies/his foes",
"*ḵipper*": "he will atone for/cleanse/purge",
"*ʾaḏmāṯô*": "his land/his soil/his territory"
}
}
44 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.44",
"source": "וַיָּבֹ֣א מֹשֶׁ֗ה וַיְדַבֵּ֛ר אֶת־כָּל־דִּבְרֵ֥י הַשִּׁירָֽה־הַזֹּ֖את בְּאָזְנֵ֣י הָעָ֑ם ה֖וּא וְהוֹשֵׁ֥עַ בִּן־נֽוּן׃",
"text": "And *wayābōʾ* *Mōšeh* and *wayĕdabbēr* *ʾet*-all-*dibrê* *haššîrâh*-*hazzōʾt* in *ʾoznê* *hāʿām*; he and *Hôšēaʿ* son-of-*Nûn*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayābōʾ*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and came",
"*Mōšeh*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Moses",
"*wayĕdabbēr*": "waw-consecutive + Piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and spoke",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*dibrê*": "construct state of *dābār*, masculine plural - words of",
"*haššîrâh*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the song",
"*hazzōʾt*": "definite article + feminine singular demonstrative - this",
"*ʾoznê*": "construct state of *ʾōzen*, feminine plural - ears of",
"*hāʿām*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the people",
"*Hôšēaʿ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Joshua",
"*Nûn*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Nun"
},
"variants": {
"*wayābōʾ*": "came/approached/entered",
"*wayĕdabbēr*": "spoke/declared/recited",
"*dibrê*": "words/sayings/matters",
"*hāʿām*": "the people/nation"
}
}