Psalms 58:8

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Psalms.58.8", "source": "‫יִמָּאֲס֣וּ כְמוֹ־מַ֭יִם יִתְהַלְּכוּ־לָ֑מוֹ יִדְרֹ֥ךְ *חצו* *חִ֝צָּ֗יו* כְּמ֣וֹ יִתְמֹלָֽלוּ׃‬", "text": "*yimmāʾăsû* *kəmô*-*mayim* *yithalləkû*-*lāmô* *yidrōk* *ḥiṣṣāyw* *kəmô* *yitmōlālû*", "grammar": { "*yimmāʾăsû*": "niphal 3mp imperfect - they melt away/dissolve/disappear", "*kəmô*-*mayim*": "preposition + masculine plural noun - like water", "*yithalləkû*-*lāmô*": "hithpael 3mp imperfect + preposition lamed with 3mp suffix - they go about for themselves", "*yidrōk*": "qal 3ms imperfect - he bends/treads/directs", "*ḥiṣṣāyw*": "masculine plural noun + 3ms suffix - his arrows", "*kəmô*": "preposition - like/as", "*yitmōlālû*": "hithpolel 3mp imperfect - they are cut off/wither/are weakened" }, "variants": { "*yimmāʾăsû*": "melt away/dissolve/disappear/flow away", "*yithalləkû*": "go about/walk around/flow", "*lāmô*": "to them/for themselves (poetic form)", "*yidrōk*": "bends/treads/directs/aims", "*ḥiṣṣāyw*": "his arrows (text note indicates Kethib [written] *חצו* vs. Qere [read] *חצָיו*)", "*yitmōlālû*": "are cut off/wither/are weakened/become limp" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

‫יִמָּאֲס֣וּ כְמוֹ־מַ֭יִם יִתְהַלְּכוּ־לָ֑מוֹ יִדְרֹ֥ךְ *חצו* *חִ֝צָּ֗יו* כְּמ֣וֹ יִתְמֹלָֽלוּ׃‬

Transliteration

yimmāʾăsû kəmô-mayim yithalləkû-lāmô yidrōk ḥiṣṣāyw kəmô yitmōlālû

Grammar Details

• *yimmāʾăsû*: niphal 3mp imperfect - they melt away/dissolve/disappear
• *kəmô*-*mayim*: preposition + masculine plural noun - like water
• *yithalləkû*-*lāmô*: hithpael 3mp imperfect + preposition lamed with 3mp suffix - they go about for themselves
• *yidrōk*: qal 3ms imperfect - he bends/treads/directs
• *ḥiṣṣāyw*: masculine plural noun + 3ms suffix - his arrows
• *kəmô*: preposition - like/as
• *yitmōlālû*: hithpolel 3mp imperfect - they are cut off/wither/are weakened

Word Meanings

• *yimmāʾăsû*: melt away/dissolve/disappear/flow away
• *yithalləkû*: go about/walk around/flow
• *lāmô*: to them/for themselves (poetic form)
• *yidrōk*: bends/treads/directs/aims
• *ḥiṣṣāyw*: his arrows (text note indicates Kethib [written] *חצו* vs. Qere [read] *חצָיו*)
• *yitmōlālû*: are cut off/wither/are weakened/become limp

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  May they vanish like water that flows away; when they aim their arrows, may they be blunted.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  As a snail which melteth, let every one of them pass away: like the untimely birth of a woman, that they may not see the sun.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  As a snail that melts, let every one of them pass away: like the untimely birth of a woman, that they may not see the sun.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  As a snail which melteth, let every one of them pass away: like the untimely birth of a woman, that they may not see the sun.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  [ Let them be] as a snail{H7642} which melteth{H8557} and passeth away,{H1980} [Like] the untimely birth{H5309} of a woman,{H802} that hath not seen{H2372} the sun.{H8121}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  As a snail{H7642} which melteth{H8557}, let every one of them pass away{H1980}{H8799)}: like the untimely birth{H5309} of a woman{H802}, that they may not see{H2372}{H8804)} the sun{H8121}.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Let the cosume awaye like a snale, & like the vntymely frute of a woman, and let them not se the Sonne.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Let them consume like a snayle that melteth, and like the vntimely fruite of a woman, that hath not seene the sunne.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Let them creepe away lyke a snayle that foorthwith consumeth to naught: or lyke the vntimely fruite of a woman, let them not see the sunne.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  As a snail [which] melteth, let [every one of them] pass away: [like] the untimely birth of a woman, [that] they may not see the sun.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  Let them be like a snail which melts and passes away, Like the stillborn child, who has not seen the sun.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  As a snail that melteth he goeth on, `As' an untimely birth of a woman, They have not seen the sun.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  `Let them be' as a snail which melteth and passeth away, `Like' the untimely birth of a woman, that hath not seen the sun.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  [ Let them be] as a snail which melteth and passeth away, [Like] the untimely birth of a woman, that hath not seen the sun.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  Let them be like an after-birth which is turned to water and comes to an end; like the fruit of a woman who gives birth before her time, let them not see the sun.

• World English Bible (2000)

  Let them be like a snail which melts and passes away, like the stillborn child, who has not seen the sun.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  Let them be like a snail that melts away as it moves along! Let them be like stillborn babies that never see the sun!

Referenced Verses

• Job 3:16 : 16 { "verseID": "Job.3.16", "source": "א֤וֹ כְנֵ֣פֶל טָ֭מוּן לֹ֣א אֶהְיֶ֑ה כְּ֝עֹלְלִ֗ים לֹא־רָ֥אוּ אֽוֹר׃", "text": "*ʾô kənēpel ṭāmûn lōʾ ʾehyeh kəʿōlălîm lōʾ-rāʾû ʾôr*", "grammar": { "*ʾô*": "conjunction - or", "*kənēpel*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - like a miscarriage", "*ṭāmûn*": "verb, Qal passive participle, masculine singular - hidden", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ʾehyeh*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 1st common singular - I would be", "*kəʿōlălîm*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural - like infants", "*lōʾ-rāʾû*": "negative particle + verb, Qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they did not see", "*ʾôr*": "noun, masculine singular - light" }, "variants": { "*nēpel*": "miscarriage/stillbirth/untimely birth", "*ṭāmûn*": "hidden/buried/concealed", "*ʾehyeh*": "I would be/I would have been", "*ʿōlălîm*": "infants/babies/children", "*rāʾû*": "they saw/they experienced" } }
• Eccl 6:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Ecclesiastes.6.3", "source": "אִם־יוֹלִ֣יד אִ֣ישׁ מֵאָ֡ה וְשָׁנִים֩ רַבּ֨וֹת יִֽחְיֶ֜ה וְרַ֣ב ׀ שֶׁיִּהְי֣וּ יְמֵֽי־שָׁנָ֗יו וְנַפְשׁוֹ֙ לֹא־תִשְׂבַּ֣ע מִן־הַטּוֹבָ֔ה וְגַם־קְבוּרָ֖ה לֹא־הָ֣יְתָה לּ֑וֹ אָמַ֕רְתִּי ט֥וֹב מִמֶּ֖נּוּ הַנָּֽפֶל׃", "text": "If-*yôlîd* *ʾîš* hundred and-*šānîm* *rabbôṯ* *yiḥyeh* and-many *šeyyihyû* *yəmê-šānāyw* and-*nap̄šô* not-*tiśbaʿ* from-the-*haṭṭôḇāh* and-also-*qəḇûrāh* not-*hāyəṯāh* to-him, *ʾāmartî* *ṭôḇ* from-him the-*hannāp̄el*.", "grammar": { "*yôlîd*": "verb, Hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he begets", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man", "*šānîm*": "noun, feminine plural - years", "*rabbôṯ*": "adjective, feminine plural - many/numerous", "*yiḥyeh*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will live", "*šeyyihyû*": "relative conjunction + verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - that they will be", "*yəmê-šānāyw*": "construct state: noun, masculine plural construct + noun, feminine plural + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - days of his years", "*nap̄šô*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his soul", "*tiśbaʿ*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - she is satisfied/filled", "*haṭṭôḇāh*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the good/goodness", "*qəḇûrāh*": "noun, feminine singular - burial/grave", "*hāyəṯāh*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - she was/became", "*ʾāmartî*": "verb, Qal perfect, 1st person singular - I say/said", "*ṭôḇ*": "adjective, masculine singular - good/better", "*hannāp̄el*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the miscarriage/stillborn" }, "variants": { "*yôlîd*": "begets/fathers/brings forth", "*tiśbaʿ*": "is satisfied/is filled/has enough", "*haṭṭôḇāh*": "the good/the goodness/the prosperity", "*qəḇûrāh*": "burial/grave/tomb", "*ʾāmartî*": "I say/I declare/I pronounce", "*hannāp̄el*": "the miscarriage/the stillborn/the untimely birth" } }
• Matt 24:35 : 35 { "verseID": "Matthew.24.35", "source": "Ὁ οὐρανὸς καὶ ἡ γῆ παρελεύσονται, οἱ δὲ λόγοι μου οὐ μὴ παρέλθωσιν.", "text": "The *ouranos* and the *gē* *pareleusontai*, but the *logoi* of me not not *parelthōsin*.", "grammar": { "*ouranos*": "nominative masculine singular - heaven/sky", "*gē*": "nominative feminine singular - earth/land", "*pareleusontai*": "future middle, 3rd person plural - will pass away", "*logoi*": "nominative masculine plural - words", "*parelthōsin*": "aorist active subjunctive, 3rd person plural - might pass away" }, "variants": { "*ouranos*": "heaven/sky/firmament", "*gē*": "earth/land/world", "*pareleusontai*": "will pass away/disappear/come to an end", "*logoi*": "words/sayings/statements", "*parelthōsin*": "might pass away/disappear/fail" } }
• Jas 1:10 : 10 { "verseID": "James.1.10", "source": "Ὁ δὲ πλούσιος ἐν τῇ ταπεινώσει αὐτοῦ: ὅτι ὡς ἄνθος χόρτου παρελεύσεται.", "text": "And the *plousios* in the *tapeinōsei* of him: because as *anthos* of *chortou* he will *pareleusetai*.", "grammar": { "*plousios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - subject (rich man)", "*tapeinōsei*": "dative, feminine, singular - location/sphere (in humiliation)", "*anthos*": "nominative, neuter, singular - subject of comparison", "*chortou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - possessive (of grass)", "*pareleusetai*": "future, middle, indicative, 3rd person singular - will pass away" }, "variants": { "*plousios*": "rich person/wealthy man", "*tapeinōsei*": "humiliation/low position/lowliness", "*anthos*": "flower/blossom", "*chortou*": "grass/vegetation/field plant", "*pareleusetai*": "will pass away/will disappear/will fade" } }
• Ps 37:35-36 : 35 { "verseID": "Psalms.37.35", "source": "רָ֭אִיתִי רָשָׁ֣ע עָרִ֑יץ וּ֝מִתְעָרֶ֗ה כְּאֶזְרָ֥ח רַעֲנָֽן׃", "text": "I have *rāʾîtî rāšāʿ ʿārîṣ*, and *mitʿāreh* like *ʾezrāḥ raʿănān*.", "grammar": { "*rāʾîtî*": "Qal perfect, 1st person singular - I have seen", "*rāšāʿ*": "masculine singular adjective/noun - wicked person", "*ʿārîṣ*": "masculine singular adjective - ruthless/terrifying/powerful", "*mitʿāreh*": "Hithpael participle, masculine singular - spreading himself", "*ʾezrāḥ*": "masculine singular noun - native tree/native", "*raʿănān*": "masculine singular adjective - luxuriant/flourishing" }, "variants": { "*rāšāʿ ʿārîṣ*": "ruthless wicked person/terrifying evil one/powerful evildoer", "*mitʿāreh*": "spreading himself/flourishing/extending", "*ʾezrāḥ raʿănān*": "luxuriant native tree/flourishing green tree/leafy indigenous plant" } } 36 { "verseID": "Psalms.37.36", "source": "וַ֭יּֽ͏ַעֲבֹר וְהִנֵּ֣ה אֵינֶ֑נּוּ וָֽ֝אֲבַקְשֵׁ֗הוּ וְלֹ֣א נִמְצָֽא׃", "text": "Yet he *wayyaʿăbōr* and *hinnēh* he was *ʾênenû*; and I *wāʾăbaqšēhû* and he was not *nimṣāʾ*.", "grammar": { "*wayyaʿăbōr*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect (consecutive), 3rd person masculine singular - and he passed away/vanished", "*hinnēh*": "interjection - behold/indeed", "*ʾênenû*": "particle of negation + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - he was not", "*wāʾăbaqšēhû*": "conjunction + Piel imperfect (consecutive), 1st person singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and I sought him", "*lōʾ*": "particle of negation - not", "*nimṣāʾ*": "Niphal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he was found" }, "variants": { "*wayyaʿăbōr*": "passed away/vanished/moved on", "*wāʾăbaqšēhû*": "I sought him/I searched for him", "*lōʾ nimṣāʾ*": "was not found/could not be found" } }