Psalms 18:43

Bishops' Bible (1568)

Thou hast deliuered me from sedition of the people, and thou hast made me head of the heathen: a people whom I haue not knowen serueth me,

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וְֽאֶשְׁחָקֵ֗ם כְּעָפָ֥ר עַל־פְּנֵי־ר֑וּחַ כְּטִ֖יט חוּצ֣וֹת אֲרִיקֵֽם׃

Transliteration

And eshchaqem like afar upon-peney-ruach like tit chutsot ariqem.

Grammar Details

• *eshchaqem*: qal imperfect with waw-consecutive, 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and I pulverized them
• *afar*: masculine singular noun - dust
• *peney*: construct state, masculine plural - face of
• *ruach*: feminine singular noun - wind
• *tit*: masculine singular noun - mud/clay
• *chutsot*: masculine plural noun - streets
• *ariqem*: hifil imperfect, 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - I will empty them

Word Meanings

• *eshchaqem*: I pulverized them/I crushed them/I ground them
• *afar*: dust/dirt/powder
• *peney*: face of/surface of
• *ruach*: wind/breath/spirit
• *tit*: mud/clay/mire
• *chutsot*: streets/outside places/public areas
• *ariqem*: I will empty them/I will pour them out/I will tread them down

Referenced Verses

• 2 Sam 3:1 : 1 There was then long warre betweene the house of Saul, and the house of Dauid: But Dauid waxed stroger and stronger, and the house of Saul waxed weaker and weaker.
• Isa 55:5 : 5 Lo, thou shalt call an vnknowen people: and a people that had no knowledge of thee shall runne vnto thee, because of the Lorde thy God and the holy one of Israel which glorifieth thee.
• Acts 5:31 : 31 Hym hath God lyft vp with his ryght hande, to be a prince and a sauiour, for to geue repentaunce to Israel, and forgeuenesse of sinnes.
• Rom 15:12 : 12 And againe Esaias saith: There shalbe the roote of Iesse, and he that shall rise to raigne ouer the gentiles, in hym shall the gentiles trust.
• Rom 15:18 : 18 For I dare not speake of any of those thinges which Christ hath not wrought by me, to make the gentiles obedient with worde and deede,
• Rom 16:26 : 26 But nowe is opened, and by the scriptures of the prophetes, at the comaundement of the euerlastyng God, to the obedience of fayth, among all nations publisshed:
• Eph 1:22 : 22 And hath put all thynges vnder his feete, and gaue him to be the head ouer all thynges to the Churche,
• 1 Pet 2:10 : 10 Which in time past were not a people, but are nowe the people of God: which sometime had not obteyned mercy, but nowe haue obteyned mercy.
• Rev 11:15 : 15 And the seuenth angell blewe, & there were made greate voyces in heauen, saying: the kyngdomes of this worlde are our Lordes, and his Christes, and he shall raigne for euermore.
• 2 Sam 19:9 : 9 And al ye people were at strife throughout all the tribes of Israel, saying: The king saued vs out of the hand of our enemies, & he deliuered vs out of the hande of the Philistines, and nowe he is fled out of the lande for Absalom:
• 2 Sam 22:44-46 : 44 Thou also hast deliuered me from the discention of my people, thou hast kept me to be an head ouer nations: the people which I knew not, do serue me. 45 Straunge childre dissemble with me: at the hearing of the eare, they obey me. 46 Straunge children wil shrinke away: and they shall be smytten with feare in their priuie chamber.
• Ps 22:27-28 : 27 All the endes of the worlde shall remember them selues and be turned vnto God: and all the kinredes of the nations shall worshyp before thy face. 28 For the kingdome is Gods: and he is the gouernour ouer the nations.
• Isa 52:15 : 15 Euen so shall the multitude of the gentiles speake of him, and kynges shall shut their mouthes before hym: for they haue seene that which was not tolde to them, and haue vnderstande that wherof they had not hearde.
• 2 Sam 2:9-9 : 9 And made him king ouer Gilead, and ouer the Assurites, and ouer Iezrael, Ephraim, Beniamin, & ouer all Israel. 10 And Isboseth Sauls sonne was fourtie yeres olde when he began to raigne ouer Israel, and raigned two yeres: But the house of Iuda folowed Dauid.
• Isa 49:22-23 : 22 And therfore thus saith the Lorde God: Beholde, I wyll stretch out my hande vnto the gentiles, and set vp my token to the people, they shall bryng thee thy sonnes in their lappes, and cary thy daughters vnto thee vpon their shoulders. 23 For kynges shalbe thy nursyng fathers, and queenes shalbe thy nursyng mothers: They shall fall before thee with their faces flat vpon the earth, & lick vp the dust of thy feete: that thou mayest knowe howe that I am the Lorde, and that who so putteth their trust in me shall not be confounded.
• 2 Sam 8:1-9 : 1 After this, now Dauid smote the Philistines, and subdued them: and Dauid toke the bridel of bondage out of the hand of the Philistines. 2 And he smote the Moabites, and measured them with a lyne, and cast them downe to the grounde, euen with two lynes measured he them, to put them to death, and with one full corde to kepe them alyue: And so became the Moabites Dauids seruauntes, and brought giftes. 3 Dauid smote also Hadarezer ye sonne of Rehob king of Zoba, as he went to recouer his border at the ryuer Pherath. 4 And Dauid toke of his, a thousand and seuen hundred horsemen, and destroyed all the charets, and twentie thousand footemen: but reserued an hundred charets of them. 5 And when the Syrians of Damascon came to succour Hadarezer king of Zoba, Dauid slue of the Syrians two and twentie thousand men. 6 And put souldiers in Syria Damascon: And the Syrians became seruautes to Dauid, and brought giftes, and the Lorde saued Dauid, in all that he went vnto. 7 And Dauid toke the shieldes of golde that belonged to the seruauntes of Hadarezer, & brought them to Hierusalem. 8 And out of Beta and Berothai, cities of Hadarezer, did Dauid bryng exceeding much brasse. 9 When Thoi king of Hamath heard how Dauid had smitten all the hoast of Hadarezer, 10 Thoi sent Ioram his sonne vnto king Dauid, to salute him, and to blesse him, because he had fought against Hadarezer, and beaten him (for Thoi had great warre with Hadarezer) And Ioram brought with him vessels of siluer, vessels of golde, and vessels of brasse. 11 Which brasse king Dauid did dedicate vnto the Lorde, with the siluer & golde that he had deditate of al nations which he subdued. 12 Of Syria, of the Moabites, & of the children of Ammon, of the Philistines, and of Hamalek, and of the spoyle of Hadarezer sonne of Rehob king of Zoba. 13 And Dauid gat him a name after that he returned & had smitten of the Syrians in the valley of salt 18 thousand men. 14 And he put a garison in Edom, euen throughout all Edom put he souldiers, and all they of Edom became Dauids seruauntes: And the Lorde kept Dauid whatsoeuer he toke in hand. 15 And Dauid raigned ouer all Israel, and executed iudgement and iustice vnto all his people. 16 And Ioab the sonne of Zaruia was ouer the hoast, & Iehosaphat the sonne of Ahilud was recorder. 17 And Sadoc the sonne of Ahitob, and Ahimelech the sonne of Abiathar were the priestes, & Saraiah was the scribe. 18 And Banaiahu the sonne of Iehoida and the Cherethites, and the Phelethites, and Dauids sonnes, were chiefe rulers.
• 2 Sam 10:1-9 : 1 After this, the king of the children of Ammon dyed, and Hanon his sonne raigned in his steade. 2 Then saide Dauid: I will shewe kindnesse vnto Hanon the sonne of Nahas, as his father shewed kindnesse vnto me. And Dauid sent to comfort him by the hand of his seruauntes, ouer his father: And Dauids seruauntes came in to the land of the children of Ammon. 3 And the princes of the children of Ammon sayde vnto Hanon their lorde: Thinkest thou that Dauid doth honor thy father, that he hath sent comfortours to thee? Hath not Dauid rather sent his seruauntes vnto thee, to searche the citie, and to spie it out, and to ouerthrowe it? 4 Wherefore Hanon toke Dauids seruauntes, and shaued of the one halfe of their beardes, & cut of their garmetes in the middle, euen hard to the buttockes of them, and sent them away. 5 When they tolde it vnto Dauid, he sent to meete them (for they were men exceedingly ashamed) and the king said: Tary at Iericho vntill your beardes be growen, and then returne. 6 And when the children of Ammon sawe that they stancke in the sight of Dauid, they sent & hyred the Syrians of the house of Rehob, and the Syrians of Zoba 20 thousand footemen, and of king Maacha a thousand men, and of Istob twelue thousand men. 7 And when Dauid heard of it, he sent Ioab and all the hoast of strong men. 8 And the children of Ammon came out, and put their armie in aray at the entring in of the gate: and the Syrians of Zoba, of Rehob, Istob, and Maacha, were by them selues in the fielde. 9 Whe Ioab sawe that the front of the battaile was against him before and behinde, he chose of all the choyse of Israel, and put them in aray against the Syrians. 10 And the rest of the people he deliuered into the hand of Abisai his brother, that he might put them in aray against the children of Ammon. 11 And he saide: If the Syrians be stronger then I, thou shalt helpe me: But if the children of Ammon be to strong for thee, I will come and succour thee. 12 Therefore quite thee lyke a man, and let vs be valiaunt for our people and for the cities of our God: And the Lorde do that which is good in his owne eyes. 13 And Ioab proceeded foorth, & the people that was with him, to fight against the Syrians: but they fled before him. 14 And when the children of Ammon sawe that the Syrians were fled, then fled they also before Abisai, and entred into the citie: And so Ioab returned from the children of Ammon, and came to Hierusalem. 15 And whe the Syrians saw that they were smitten before Israel, they gathered them together. 16 And Hadarezer sent, and brought out the Syrians that were beyond the ryuer, and they came to Helam: & Zoba the captayne of the hoast of Hadarezer went hefore them. 17 And when it was shewed Dauid, he gathered al Israel together, & passed ouer Iordane, and came to Helam: And the Syrians set them selues in aray against Dauid, and fought with him. 18 And the Syrians fled before Israel, and Dauid destroyed seuen hundred charets of the Syrians, & fourtie thousand horsemen, and smote Zoba the captaine of their hoast, which also dyed there. 19 And when all the kinges that were seruauntes to Hadarezer, saw that they fel before Israel, they made peace with Israel, and serued them: and so the Syrians feared to helpe the children of Ammon any more.
• 2 Sam 5:1-9 : 1 Then came all the tribes of Israel to Dauid vnto Hebron, and sayde thus: Beholde, we are thy bone, and thy fleshe. 2 And in time past whe Saul was our king, thou leddest Israel in and out: and the Lord hath sayd to thee, thou shalt feede my people Israel, & thou shalt be a captayne ouer Israel. 3 And so all the elders of Israel came to the king to Hebron, and king Dauid made a couenaunt with them in Hebron before the Lorde: and they annointed Dauid king ouer Israel. 4 Dauid was thirtie yeres olde when he began to raigne, and he raigned fourtie yeres. 5 In Hebron he raigned ouer Iuda seuen yeres and sixe monethes: and in Hierusalem he raigned thirtie and three yeres ouer all Israel and Iuda. 6 The king also and his men went to Hierusalem vnto the Iebusites the inhabitauntes of the lande, whiche spake vnto Dauid, saying: Except thou take away the blinde and the lame, thou shalt not come in hyther: For they said, Thou art not able to come in hyther. 7 Neuerthelesse, Dauid toke the strong hold of Sion: the same is the citie of Dauid. 8 And Dauid sayde the same day: Whosoeuer smyteth the Iebusites, and getteth vp to the gutters of the houses, and smyteth the lame and the blinde, hated of Dauid soule, I will preferre him. Wherfore they said: The blinde and the lame shal not come into that house. 9 And so Dauid dwelt in the towre, and called it the citie of Dauid, and buylt round about it, from Millo & inward. 10 And Dauid prospered and grewe, and ye Lord God of hoastes was with him. 11 And Hiram king of Tyre sent messengers to Dauid, and Cedar trees, & carpenters, and masons for walles: and they buylt Dauid an house. 12 And Dauid perceaued that the Lord had stablished him king ouer Israel, & that he had exalted his kingdome for his people Israels sake. 13 And Dauid toke him mo concubines and wyues out of Hierusalem, after he was come from Hebron, and mo sonnes & daughters were yet borne to Dauid. 14 And these be the names of the sonnes that were borne vnto him in Hierusalem: Samua, Sobab, Nathan, & Solomon, 15 Ibhar also and Elisua, Nepheg, and Iaphia, 16 Elisama, Eliada, and Eliphelet. 17 But when the Philistines hearde that they had annoynted Dauid king ouer Israel, they came all vp to seke Dauid: And assoone as Dauid hearde of it, he gat him to an holde. 18 And when the Philistines came, they spread them selues in the valley of Raphaim. 19 And Dauid asked counsel of the Lord, saying: Shall I go vp to the Philistines? Wilt thou deliuer them into my handes? And the Lorde aunswered vnto Dauid: Go vp, for I will doubtlesse deliuer the Philistines into thy handes. 20 And Dauid came to Baal Perazim, and smote them there, and sayde: The Lorde hath deuided myne enemies asunder before me, as waters be deuided asunder: And therefore he called the name of that place Baal Perazim. 21 And there they left their images, and Dauid and his men burnt them. 22 And the Philistines came yet againe, and layde them selues in the valley of Rephaim. 23 And when Dauid asked counsel of the Lorde, he aunswered, Thou shalt not go vp: but compasse them on the backsyde, and come vpon them ouer against the Mulbery trees. 24 And when thou hearest the noyse of a thing goyng in the toppe of the Mulbery trees, then remoue: for then shall the Lorde go out before thee, to smyte the hoast of the Philistines. 25 And Dauid did as the Lorde had commaunded him: and smote the Philistines from Geba, vntill thou come to Gazer.
• Ps 108:9 : 9 Moab shalbe my washpot: ouer Edome I wyll cast my shoe, vpon Philistea I wyll triumph.
• Isa 49:6 : 6 And he sayde: It is but a small thyng that thou art my seruaunt to set vp the kinredes of Iacob, and to restore the destruction of Israel: For I haue made thee the lyght of the gentiles, that thou mayest be my health vnto the ende of the worlde.
• Hos 1:10 : 10 Yet the number of the chyldren of Israel shalbe as the sand of the sea, which can neither be measured nor tolde: and in the place where it was sayde vnto them, Ye are not my people: it shall be saide vnto them, Ye are the chyldren of the liuing God.