Ephesians 2:3

Coverdale Bible (1535)

amonge whom we also had oure conuersacion in tyme past in the lustes of oure flesh, and dyd the wyll of the flesh and of the mynde, and were naturally the children of wrath, euen as well as other.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

Ἐν οἷς καὶ ἡμεῖς πάντες ἀνεστράφημέν ποτε ἐν ταῖς ἐπιθυμίαις τῆς σαρκὸς ἡμῶν, ποιοῦντες τὰ θελήματα τῆς σαρκὸς καὶ τῶν διανοιῶν· καὶ ἤμεν τέκνα φύσει ὀργῆς, ὡς καὶ οἱ λοιποί.

Transliteration

Among whom also we all anestraphēmen pote in the epithymiais of the sarkos of us, poiountes the thelēmata of the sarkos and of the dianoiōn; and we ēmen tekna by physei of orgēs, as also the loipoi

Grammar Details

• *anestraphēmen*: aorist passive indicative, 1st person plural - conducted ourselves/lived/turned back
• *pote*: adverb - once/formerly
• *epithymiais*: dative plural feminine - desires/lusts/cravings
• *sarkos*: genitive singular feminine - flesh/body/human nature
• *poiountes*: present active participle, nominative plural masculine - doing/practicing
• *thelēmata*: accusative plural neuter - wills/desires/wishes
• *dianoiōn*: genitive plural feminine - thoughts/minds/understandings
• *ēmen*: imperfect active indicative, 1st person plural - we were [continuous]
• *tekna*: nominative plural neuter - children/offspring
• *physei*: dative singular feminine - by nature/innately
• *orgēs*: genitive singular feminine - wrath/anger
• *loipoi*: nominative plural masculine - rest/remainder/others

Word Meanings

• *anestraphēmen*: conducted ourselves/lived/behaved
• *epithymiais*: desires/lusts/cravings/passions
• *sarkos*: flesh/body/sinful human nature
• *thelēmata*: wills/desires/wishes/intentions
• *dianoiōn*: minds/thoughts/understandings/intentions
• *tekna*: children/offspring/descendants
• *physei*: by nature/innately/naturally
• *orgēs*: wrath/anger/indignation
• *loipoi*: rest/remainder/others/remaining ones

Referenced Verses

• Titus 3:3 : 3 For we oure selues also were in tymes past, vnwyse, dishobedient, in erroure, seruynge lustes and dyuerse maners of voluptuousnes, lyuynge in maliciousnes and envye, full of hate, hatynge one another.
• Gal 2:15-16 : 15 Though we be Iewes by nature, and not synners of the Gentyles, 16 yet (in so moch as we knowe, that a man is not made righteous by the dedes off the lawe, but by the faith on Iesus Christ) we haue beleued also on Iesus Christ, yt we might be made righteous by the faith of Christ, and not by the dedes of the lawe, because that by the dedes of the lawe no flesh shal be iustified.
• Ps 51:5 : 5 Beholde, I was borne in wickednesse, and in synne hath my mother conceaued me.
• Eph 2:2 : 2 in the which in tyme past ye walked, acordinge to the course off this worlde, and after the prynce that ruleth in the ayre namely, after ye sprete, which now worketh in the children of vnbeleue,
• Eph 4:22 : 22 So then as concernynge the conuersacion in tyme past laye from you that olde man which marreth himselfe thorow disceauable lustes:
• Rom 13:14 : 14 but put ye on the LORDE Iesus Christ, and make not prouysion for ye flesh, to fulfill the lustes of it.
• 1 Cor 4:7 : 7 For who preferreth the? What hast thou that thou hast not receaued? Yf thou hast receaued it, why makest thou the thy boost, as though thou haddest not receaued it?
• 1 Pet 1:14 : 14 as obedient childre, not fasshionynge youre selues to yor olde lustes of ignoraunce:
• 1 Pet 2:10-11 : 10 Euen you which in tyme past were not a people, but now are the people of God: which were not vnder mercy, but now haue optayned mercy. 11 Dearly beloued, I beseke you as straungers and pilgrems, absteyne fro the fleshly lustes, which fighte agaynst the soule,
• 1 John 1:8-9 : 8 Yf we saye that we haue no synne, we disceaue oure selues, and the trueth is not in vs. 9 But yf we knowlege oure synnes, he is faithfull and iust to forgeue vs oure synnes, & to clense vs from all vnrighteousnes. 10 Yf we saye, we haue not synned, we make him a lyar, and his worde is not in vs.
• 1 Cor 6:9-9 : 9 Knowe ye not that ye vnrighteous shal not inheret the kyngdome of God? Be not disceaued. Nether whoremongers, ner worshippers off ymages, ner breakers off wedlocke, ner weaklinges, nether abusers of them selues with mankynde, 10 ner theues, nether the couetous, ner drokardes, ner cursed speakers, ner extorcioners shal inheret the kyngdome of God. 11 And soch haue some of you bene, but ye are wasshed, ye are sanctified, ye are made righteous by the name of the LORDE Iesus, and by the sprete of oure God.
• Rom 7:18 : 18 for I knowe that in me (yt is, in my flesh) there dwelleth no good thinge.To wyll is present wt me, but to perfourme yt which is good,
• Rom 11:30 : 30 For likewyse as ye also in tyme passed haue not beleued, but now haue optayned mercy thorow their vnbeleue:
• Rom 3:22-23 : 22 but I speake of ye righteousnes before God, which cometh by the faith on Iesus Christ, vnto all, and vpo all them that beleue.For here is no difference. 23 For they are all synners, and wate the prayse that God shulde haue of the,
• Gen 6:5 : 5 But whan the LORDE sawe yt the wickednes of man was increased vpon ye earth, and that all ye thought and imaginacion of their hert was but onely euell contynually,
• Job 15:14-16 : 14 What is man, that he shulde be vncleane? what hath he (which is borne of a woman) wherby he might be knowne to be rightuous? 15 Beholde, he hath founde vnfaithfulnesse amoge his owne sanctes: yee the very heauens are vnclene in his sight. 16 How moch more then an abhominable and vyle ma, which dryncketh wickednesse like water?
• Job 25:4 : 4 But how maye a man copared vnto God, be iustified? Or, how can he be clene, that is borne of a woman?
• Gen 8:21 : 21 And ye LORDE smelled the swete sauor, & sayde in his hert: I wyl hence forth curse the earth nomore for mas sake, for the ymaginacion of mans hert is euell, euen from the very youth of him. Therfore from hece forth I wil nomore smyte all that lyueth, as I haue done.
• Job 14:4 : 4 Who can make it cleane, that commeth of an vncleane thinge? No body.
• Rom 5:12-19 : 12 Wherfore as by one man synned entred in to the worlde, and death by ye meanes off synne: 13 euen so wente death also ouer all men, in so moch as they all haue synned. For synne was in ye worlde vnto the lawe: but where no lawe is, there is not synne regarded. 14 Neuertheles death reigned from Adam vnto Moses, euen ouer them also that synned not with like trangression as dyd Adam, which is ye ymage of him yt was to come. 15 But it is not with the gifte as with the synne: for yf thorow the synne of one many be deed, yet moch more plenteously came the grace and gifte of God vpon many by the fauoure that belonged vnto one man Iesus Christ. 16 And the gifte is not onely ouer one synne, as death came thorow one synne of one that synned. For the iudgment came of one synne vnto condempnacion, but the gifte to iustifye fro many synnes. 17 For yf by ye synne of one, death raigned by the meanes of one, moch more shal they which receaue the abudaunce of grace and of the gifte vnto righteousnes, raigne in life by ye meanes of one Iesus Christ. 18 Likewyse the as by the synne of one, condemnacion came on all men, euen so also by the righteousness of one, came the iustififienge off life vpon all men. 19 For as by the disobedience of one, many became synners, euen so by the obedience of one shal many be made righteous.
• Rom 6:12 : 12 Let not synne reigne therfore in youre mortall bodye, that ye shulde obeye vnto the lustes of it.
• Isa 53:6 : 6 As for vs, we go all astraye (like shepe), euery one turneth his owne waye. But thorow him, the LORDE pardoneth all or synnes.
• Dan 9:5-9 : 5 We haue synned, we haue offended, we haue bene disobedient and gone backe: yee we haue departed from all thy preceptes and iudgmentes. 6 We wolde neuer folowe thy seruauntes the prophetes, that spake in thy name to oure kynges and prynces to oure forefathers, and to all the people off the londe. 7 O LORDE, rightuousnesse belongeth vnto the, vnto vs pertayneth nothynge but open shame: as it is come to passe this daye vnto euery man of Iuda, and to them that dwell at Ierusalem: Yee vnto all Israel, whether they be farre or nye: thorow out all londes, wherin thou hast strowed them, because of the offences that they had done agaynst the. 8 Yee o LORDE, vnto vs, to oure kinges & prynces, to oure forefathers: euen to vs all, that haue offended the, belongeth open shame. 9 But vnto the o LORDE oure God, pertayneth mercy and forgeuenesse. As for vs, we are gone backe from him,
• Mark 4:19 : 19 and ye carefulues of this worlde, and the disceatfulnes of riches, and many other lustes entre in, and choke the worde, and so is it made vnfrutefull.
• Mark 7:21-22 : 21 that defyleth the man. For from within out of the hert of man proceade euell thoughtes, aduoutrye, whordome, murthur, 22 theft, coueteousnes, wickednes, disceate, vnclennes, a wicked eye, blasphemy, pryde, foolishnes.
• John 1:13 : 13 Which are not borne of bloude, ner of the wyl of the flesh, ner of the wyl of man, but of God.
• John 3:1-6 : 1 There was a man of the Pharises, named Nicodemus a ruler amoge the Iewes. 2 The same came vnto Iesus by night, & sayde vnto hi: Master, we knowe yt thou art come a teacher fro God: for no ma can do these tokes yt thou doest, excepte God be with him. 3 Iesus answered, and sayde vnto him: Verely verely I saye vnto the: Excepte a man be borne a new, he can not se the kyngdome of God. 4 Nicodemus sayde vnto him: How can a man be borne, whan he is olde? Can he entre into his mothers wombe, and be borne agayne? 5 Iesus answered: Verely verely I saye vnto the: Excepte a ma be borne of water and of the sprete, he can not come in to ye kyngdome of God. 6 That which is borne of flesh, is flesh: & that which is borne of the sprete, is sprete.
• John 8:44 : 44 Ye are of the father the deuell, and after the lustes of youre father wyl ye do. The same was a murthurer from the begynnynge, and abode not in the trueth: for the trueth is not in him. Whan he speaketh a lye, then speaketh he of his awne: for he is a lyar, and a father of the same.
• Acts 14:16 : 16 which in tymes past suffred all ye Heythen to walke after their awne wayes.
• Acts 17:30-31 : 30 And truly God hath ouersene the tyme of ignoraunce: But now he commaundeth all men euery where to repente, 31 because he hath appoynted a daye, in the which he wyl iudge the copasse of the worlde, with righteousnesse, by that one man in who he hath appoynted it: and offred faith vnto all men, after that he had raysed him vp from the deed.
• Rom 1:24 : 24 Wherfore God likewyse gaue them vp vnto their hertes lustes in to vnclennes, to defyle their awne bodies in them selues,
• Rom 3:9-9 : 9 What saye we then? Are we better then they? No, in no wyse: for we haue proued afore, yt both the Iewes and Grekes are all vnder synne. 10 As it is wrytte: There is none righteous, no not one. 11 There is none yt vnderstondeth, there is none that seketh after God. 12 They are all gone out of the waye, they are alltogether become vnprofitable: there is none that doeth good, no not one. 13 Their throte is an open sepulcre, with their tunges they haue disceaued, the poyson off Aspes is vnder their lippes. 14 Their mouth is full of cursynge and bytternesse. 15 Their fete are swifte to shed bloude. 16 Destruccion & wrechidnes are in their wayes, 17 and ye waye of peace haue they not knowne. 18 There is no feare of God before their eyes. 19 But we knowe, yt, what soeuer the lawe sayeth, it sayeth it vnto them which are vnder the lawe, yt euery mouthe maye be stopped, & yt all the worlde maye be detter vnto God,
• Rom 8:7-8 : 7 For to be fleshly mynded is enemyte agaynst. God, syth it is not subdued vnto ye lawe of God, for it can not also. 8 As for the that are fleshlye, they can not please God.
• Rom 9:22 : 22 Therfore whan God wolde shewe wrath, and to make his power knowne, he broughte forth with greate pacience the vessels off wrath, which are ordeyned to damnacion:
• 2 Cor 7:1 : 1 Seynge now that we haue soch promyses (dearly beloued) let vs clense oureselues from all fylthynes of the flesh and sprete, and growe vp to full holynes in ye feare of God.
• 1 Tim 6:9 : 9 For they that wylbe riche, fall in to the teptacion and snare, and in to many folisshe & noysome lustes, which drowne men in destruccion and damnacion.
• Jas 4:1-3 : 1 From whence commeth warre and fightynge amonge you: come they not here hence? euen of yor volupteousnesses that rayne in youre mebres? 2 Ye lust, and haue not. Ye envie and haue indignacion, and can not obtayne. Ye fight & warre, and haue not, because ye axe not. 3 Ye axe & receaue not because ye axe amysse: eue to cosume it vpo yor voluptuousnes.
• Eph 4:17-19 : 17 This I saye therfore, and testifye in the LORDE, that ye walke nomore as ye other Heythen walke in the vanite of their mynde, 18 blynded in their vnderstondinge, beynge straungers fro the life which is in God thorow the ignoraunce that is in them, because of the blyndnes of their hert: 19 which beynge past repentaunce, haue geue them selues ouer vnto wantonnes, to worke all maner of vnclennes euen with gredynesse.
• Gal 3:22 : 22 But ye scripture hath shut vp all vnder synne, that ye promes shulde come by the faith on Iesus Christ, geue vnto the that beleue.
• Gal 5:16-24 : 16 I saye: Walke in the sprete, and so shal ye not fulfill the lustes off the flesshe. 17 For the flesh lusteth agaynst the sprete, and the sprete agaynst the flesh. These are contrary one to the other, so that ye can not do that which ye wolde: 18 But and yf ye be led of the sprete, then are ye not vnder the lawe. 19 The dedes of ye flesh are manifest, which are these: Aduoutrye, whordome, vnclenes, wantanes, 20 Idolatrye, witchcraft, hatred, variaunce, zele, wrath, stryfe, sedicion, sectes, 21 envyenge, murthur, dronkennes, glotony, and soch like: of the which I tell you before, as I haue tolde you in tyme past, that they which commytte soch, shal not inheret the kyngdome of God. 22 But the frute of the sprete, is loue, ioye, peace, longe sufferinge, getlenes, goodnesse, faithfulnes, 23 mekenesse, teperaunce, Agaynst soch is not ye lawe: 24 But they that are Christes, haue crucified their flesh, with the lustes and desyres.
• 1 John 2:8 : 8 The olde comaundement is the worde, which ye haue herde from the begynnynge. Agayne, a new comaundemet wryte I vnto you, a thinge that is true in him & also in you: for the darknesse is past, and the true lighte now shyneth.
• 1 John 2:16 : 16 for all that is in the worlde (namely the lust of the flesh, and the lust of the eyes, and the pryde of life) is not of the father, but of the worlde.
• Jude 1:16-18 : 16 These are murmurers, complaners, walkynge after their awne lustes, whose mouthes speake proude thynges. They haue me in greate reuerence because of avauntage. 17 But ye beloued, remeber the wordes which were spoken before of the Apostles of oure LORDE Iesus Christ, 18 how that they tolde you yt their shulde be begylers in the last tyme, which shulde walke after their awne vngodly lustes.
• 1 Pet 4:2-3 : 2 yt hece forth (as moch tyme as yet remayneth in ye flesh) he shulde not lyue after the lustes of me, but after the wil of God. 3 For it is ynough, yt we haue spent ye tyme past of the life, after the will of ye Heythen, wha we walked in wantannesse, lustes, dronkenes, glotony, ryotous drynkynge, & i abhominable Idolatrye.
• 2 Pet 2:14 : 14 hauynge eyes full of aduoutrye, and ca not ceasse from synne, entysinge vnstable soules: hauynge an hert exercysed wt couetousnes: they are cursed children,
• 2 Pet 2:18 : 18 For they speake ye proude wordes of vanite, vnto ye vttemost, and entyse thorow wantannes vnto ye luste of the flesh, euen them that were cleane escaped, and now walke in erroure:
• Gen 5:3 : 3 And Adam was an hundreth and thirtie yeare olde, and begat a sonne, which was like his owne ymage, and called his name Seth:
• Isa 64:6-7 : 6 We are all as an vnclene thinge, & all oure rightuousnesses are as the clothes stayned with the floures of a woman: we fall euerychone as the leaf, for oure synnes carie vs awaye like the wynde. 7 There is no man that calleth vpon thy name, that stondeth vp to take holde by the. Therfore hydest thou thy face from vs, and consumest vs, because of oure synnes.