2 Samuel 23:3

King James Version with Strong's Numbers

The God of Israel said, the Rock of Israel spake to me, He that ruleth over men must be just, ruling in the fear of God.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

אָמַר֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל לִ֥י דִבֶּ֖ר צ֣וּר יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל מוֹשֵׁל֙ בָּאָדָ֔ם צַדִּ֕יק מוֹשֵׁ֖ל יִרְאַ֥ת אֱלֹהִֽים

Transliteration

ʾāmar ʾĕlōhê Yiśrāʾēl, lî dibber ṣûr Yiśrāʾēl; môšēl bāʾāḏām ṣaddîq, môšēl yirʾaṯ ʾĕlōhîm

Grammar Details

• *ʾāmar*: qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - said
• *ʾĕlōhê*: noun, masculine plural construct - God of
• *Yiśrāʾēl*: proper noun - Israel
• *lî*: preposition + 1st person singular suffix - to me
• *dibber*: piel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - spoke
• *ṣûr*: noun, masculine singular construct - Rock of
• *môšēl*: qal participle, masculine singular - ruling
• *bāʾāḏām*: preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - over mankind
• *ṣaddîq*: adjective, masculine singular - righteous
• *yirʾaṯ*: noun, feminine singular construct - fear of
• *ʾĕlōhîm*: noun, masculine plural - God

Word Meanings

• *ʾāmar*: said/spoke/declared
• *ṣûr*: Rock/strong one/fortress
• *môšēl*: ruler/one who rules
• *ṣaddîq*: righteous/just/lawful
• *yirʾaṯ*: fear/reverence/awe

Referenced Verses

• 2 Sam 22:32 : 32 For who is God, save the LORD? and who is a rock, save our God?
• Exod 18:21 : 21 Moreover thou shalt provide out of all the people able men, such as fear God, men of truth, hating covetousness; and place such over them, to be rulers of thousands, and rulers of hundreds, rulers of fifties, and rulers of tens:
• Deut 32:4 : 4 He is the Rock, his work is perfect: for all his ways are judgment: a God of truth and without iniquity, just and right is he.
• 2 Sam 22:2-3 : 2 And he said, The LORD is my rock, and my fortress, and my deliverer; 3 The God of my rock; in him will I trust: he is my shield, and the horn of my salvation, my high tower, and my refuge, my saviour; thou savest me from violence.
• Deut 32:30-31 : 30 How should one chase a thousand, and two put ten thousand to flight, except their Rock had sold them, and the LORD had shut them up? 31 For their rock is not as our Rock, even our enemies themselves being judges.
• Gen 33:20 : 20 And he erected there an altar, and called it Elelohe-Israel.
• Exod 3:15 : 15 And God said moreover unto Moses, Thus shalt thou say unto the children of Israel, The LORD God of your fathers, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob, hath sent me unto you: this is my name for ever, and this is my memorial unto all generations.
• Exod 19:5-6 : 5 Now therefore, if ye will obey my voice indeed, and keep my covenant, then ye shall be a peculiar treasure unto me above all people: for all the earth is mine: 6 And ye shall be unto me a kingdom of priests, and an holy nation. These are the words which thou shalt speak unto the children of Israel.
• Exod 20:2 : 2 I am the LORD thy God, which have brought thee out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of bondage.
• Exod 23:6-8 : 6 Thou shalt not wrest the judgment of thy poor in his cause. 7 Keep thee far from a false matter; and the innocent and righteous slay thou not: for I will not justify the wicked. 8 And thou shalt take no gift: for the gift blindeth the wise, and perverteth the words of the righteous.
• Deut 16:18-20 : 18 Judges and officers shalt thou make thee in all thy gates, which the LORD thy God giveth thee, throughout thy tribes: and they shall judge the people with just judgment. 19 Thou shalt not wrest judgment; thou shalt not respect persons, neither take a gift: for a gift doth blind the eyes of the wise, and pervert the words of the righteous. 20 That which is altogether just shalt thou follow, that thou mayest live, and inherit the land which the LORD thy God giveth thee.
• 2 Chr 19:7-9 : 7 Wherefore now let the fear of the LORD be upon you; take heed and do it: for there is no iniquity with the LORD our God, nor respect of persons, nor taking of gifts. 8 Moreover in Jerusalem did Jehoshaphat set of the Levites, and of the priests, and of the chief of the fathers of Israel, for the judgment of the LORD, and for controversies, when they returned to Jerusalem. 9 And he charged them, saying, Thus shall ye do in the fear of the LORD, faithfully, and with a perfect heart.
• Neh 5:14 : 14 Moreover from the time that I was appointed to be their governor in the land of Judah, from the twentieth year even unto the two and thirtieth year of Artaxerxes the king, that is, twelve years, I and my brethren have not eaten the bread of the governor.
• Ps 42:9 : 9 I will say{H8799)} unto God my rock, Why hast thou forgotten{H8804)} me? why go{H8799)} I mourning{H8802)} because of the oppression of the enemy{H8802)}?
• Ps 72:2 : 2 He shall judge{H8799)} thy people with righteousness, and thy poor with judgment.
• Ps 82:3-4 : 3 Defend{H8798)} the poor and fatherless: do justice{H8685)} to the afflicted and needy{H8802)}. 4 Deliver{H8761)} the poor and needy: rid{H8685)} them out of the hand of the wicked.
• Ps 110:2 : 2 The LORD shall send the rod of thy strength out of Zion: rule thou in the midst of thine enemies.
• Prov 31:9 : 9 Open thy mouth, judge righteously, and plead the cause of the poor and needy.
• Isa 11:1-5 : 1 And there shall come forth a rod out of the stem of Jesse, and a Branch shall grow out of his roots: 2 And the spirit of the LORD shall rest upon him, the spirit of wisdom and understanding, the spirit of counsel and might, the spirit of knowledge and of the fear of the LORD; 3 And shall make him of quick understanding in the fear of the LORD: and he shall not judge after the sight of his eyes, neither reprove after the hearing of his ears: 4 But with righteousness shall he judge the poor, and reprove with equity for the meek of the earth: and he shall smite the earth with the rod of his mouth, and with the breath of his lips shall he slay the wicked. 5 And righteousness shall be the girdle of his loins, and faithfulness the girdle of his reins.
• Isa 32:1 : 1 Behold, a king shall reign in righteousness, and princes shall rule in judgment.
• Jer 23:5 : 5 Behold, the days come, saith the LORD, that I will raise unto David a righteous Branch, and a King shall reign and prosper, and shall execute judgment and justice in the earth.
• Zech 9:9 : 9 Rejoice greatly, O daughter of Zion; shout, O daughter of Jerusalem: behold, thy King cometh unto thee: he is just, and having salvation; lowly, and riding upon an ass, and upon a colt the foal of an ass.
• Heb 1:8 : 8 But unto the Son he saith, Thy throne, O God, is for ever and ever: a sceptre of righteousness is the sceptre of thy kingdom.