Leviticus 16:29

King James Version with Strong's Numbers

And this shall be a statute for ever unto you: that in the seventh month, on the tenth day of the month, ye shall afflict your souls, and do no work at all, whether it be one of your own country, or a stranger that sojourneth among you:

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וְהָיְתָ֥ה לָכֶ֖ם לְחֻקַּ֣ת עוֹלָ֑ם בַּחֹ֣דֶשׁ הַ֠שְּׁבִיעִי בֶּֽעָשׂ֨וֹר לַחֹ֜דֶשׁ תְּעַנּ֣וּ אֶת־נַפְשֹֽׁתֵיכֶ֗ם וְכָל־מְלָאכָה֙ לֹ֣א תַעֲשׂ֔וּ הָֽאֶזְרָ֔ח וְהַגֵּ֖ר הַגָּ֥ר בְּתוֹכְכֶֽם׃

Transliteration

And-hāyetāh to-you for-ḥuqqat ʿolām in-the-ḥodesh ha-sheviʿi in-ʿāśor to-the-ḥodesh you-teʿannu ʾet-nafshoteykhem and-all-melāʾkhāh not you-taʿaśu the-ʾezrāḥ and-the-ger the-gār in-midst-of-you.

Grammar Details

• *hāyetāh*: qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - it shall be
• *ḥuqqat ʿolām*: feminine singular construct + masculine singular noun - statute of eternity/everlasting ordinance
• *ḥodesh ha-sheviʿi*: masculine singular noun + definite article + ordinal number - the seventh month
• *ʿāśor*: masculine singular noun - tenth
• *ḥodesh*: masculine singular noun - month/new moon
• *teʿannu*: piel imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall afflict/humble
• *ʾet*: direct object marker
• *nafshoteykhem*: feminine plural noun with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your souls
• *melāʾkhāh*: feminine singular noun - work/labor/occupation
• *taʿaśu*: qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall do/make
• *ʾezrāḥ*: masculine singular noun - native/citizen
• *ger*: masculine singular noun - sojourner/foreigner/alien
• *gār*: qal participle, masculine singular - dwelling/residing

Word Meanings

• *ḥuqqat ʿolām*: perpetual statute/everlasting ordinance
• *teʿannu*: afflict/humble/deny/practice self-denial
• *nafshoteykhem*: your souls/yourselves
• *melāʾkhāh*: work/labor/occupation/business
• *ʾezrāḥ*: native/citizen/native-born
• *ger*: sojourner/foreigner/alien/stranger

Referenced Verses

• Num 29:7 : 7 And ye shall have on the tenth day of this seventh month an holy convocation; and ye shall afflict your souls: ye shall not do any work therein:
• Isa 58:3 : 3 Wherefore have we fasted, say they, and thou seest not? wherefore have we afflicted our soul, and thou takest no knowledge? Behold, in the day of your fast ye find pleasure, and exact all your labours.
• Isa 58:5 : 5 Is it such a fast that I have chosen? a day for a man to afflict his soul? is it to bow down his head as a bulrush, and to spread sackcloth and ashes under him? wilt thou call this a fast, and an acceptable day to the LORD?
• Dan 10:12 : 12 Then said he unto me, Fear not, Daniel: for from the first day that thou didst set thine heart to understand, and to chasten thyself before thy God, thy words were heard, and I am come for thy words.
• Lev 23:36 : 36 Seven days ye shall offer an offering made by fire unto the LORD: on the eighth day shall be an holy convocation unto you; and ye shall offer an offering made by fire unto the LORD: it is a solemn assembly; and ye shall do no servile work therein.
• Exod 20:10 : 10 But the seventh day is the sabbath of the LORD thy God: in it thou shalt not do any work, thou, nor thy son, nor thy daughter, thy manservant, nor thy maidservant, nor thy cattle, nor thy stranger that is within thy gates:
• Lev 23:7-8 : 7 In the first day ye shall have an holy convocation: ye shall do no servile work therein. 8 But ye shall offer an offering made by fire unto the LORD seven days: in the seventh day is an holy convocation: ye shall do no servile work therein.
• Lev 23:21 : 21 And ye shall proclaim on the selfsame day, that it may be an holy convocation unto you: ye shall do no servile work therein: it shall be a statute for ever in all your dwellings throughout your generations.
• Ps 35:13 : 13 But as for me, when they were sick, my clothing was sackcloth: I humbled{H8765)} my soul with fasting; and my prayer returned{H8799)} into mine own bosom.
• Ps 69:10 : 10 When I wept{H8799)}, and chastened my soul with fasting, that was to my reproach.
• Lev 23:27-32 : 27 Also on the tenth day of this seventh month there shall be a day of atonement: it shall be an holy convocation unto you; and ye shall afflict your souls, and offer an offering made by fire unto the LORD. 28 And ye shall do no work in that same day: for it is a day of atonement, to make an atonement for you before the LORD your God. 29 For whatsoever soul it be that shall not be afflicted in that same day, he shall be cut off from among his people. 30 And whatsoever soul it be that doeth any work in that same day, the same soul will I destroy from among his people. 31 Ye shall do no manner of work: it shall be a statute for ever throughout your generations in all your dwellings. 32 It shall be unto you a sabbath of rest, and ye shall afflict your souls: in the ninth day of the month at even, from even unto even, shall ye celebrate your sabbath.
• Exod 30:10 : 10 And Aaron shall make an atonement upon the horns of it once in a year with the blood of the sin offering of atonements: once in the year shall he make atonement upon it throughout your generations: it is most holy unto the LORD.
• Lev 23:3 : 3 Six days shall work be done: but the seventh day is the sabbath of rest, an holy convocation; ye shall do no work therein: it is the sabbath of the LORD in all your dwellings.
• Exod 12:16 : 16 And in the first day there shall be an holy convocation, and in the seventh day there shall be an holy convocation to you; no manner of work shall be done in them, save that which every man must eat, that only may be done of you.
• 1 Kgs 8:2 : 2 And all the men of Israel assembled themselves unto king Solomon at the feast in the month Ethanim, which is the seventh month.
• Ezra 3:1 : 1 And when the seventh month was come, and the children of Israel were in the cities, the people gathered themselves together as one man to Jerusalem.
• 1 Cor 11:31 : 31 For if we would judge ourselves, we should not be judged.
• 2 Cor 7:10-11 : 10 For godly sorrow worketh repentance to salvation not to be repented of: but the sorrow of the world worketh death. 11 For behold this selfsame thing, that ye sorrowed after a godly sort, what carefulness it wrought in you, yea, what clearing of yourselves, yea, what indignation, yea, what fear, yea, what vehement desire, yea, what zeal, yea, what revenge! In all things ye have approved yourselves to be clear in this matter.
• Heb 4:10 : 10 For he that is entered into his rest, he also hath ceased from his own works, as God did from his.
• Isa 58:13 : 13 If thou turn away thy foot from the sabbath, from doing thy pleasure on my holy day; and call the sabbath a delight, the holy of the LORD, honourable; and shalt honour him, not doing thine own ways, nor finding thine own pleasure, nor speaking thine own words:
• Dan 10:3 : 3 I ate no pleasant bread, neither came flesh nor wine in my mouth, neither did I anoint myself at all, till three whole weeks were fulfilled.