Ezra 4:20

KJV1611 – Modern English

There have been mighty kings also over Jerusalem, who have ruled over all countries beyond the river; and toll, tribute, and custom, were paid to them.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וּמַלְכִ֣ין תַּקִּיפִ֗ין הֲווֹ֙ עַל־יְר֣וּשְׁלֶ֔ם וְשַׁ֨לִּיטִ֔ין בְּכֹ֖ל עֲבַ֣ר נַהֲרָ֑ה וּמִדָּ֥ה בְל֛וֹ וַהֲלָ֖ךְ מִתְיְהֵ֥ב לְהֽוֹן׃

Transliteration

And kings ûmalkîn mighty taqqîpîn have been hăwô over ʿal-yᵉrûšᵉlem and ruling wᵉšallîṭîn in all bᵉkōl ʿăbar nahărāh; and tax ûmiddāh toll bᵉlô and custom wahălāk was given mityᵉhēb to them lᵉhôn.

Grammar Details

• *ûmalkîn*: waw-conjunction + noun, masculine plural - and kings
• *taqqîpîn*: adjective, masculine plural - mighty/powerful
• *hăwô*: peal perfect, 3rd plural - have been
• *ʿal*: preposition - over
• *yᵉrûšᵉlem*: proper noun - Jerusalem
• *wᵉšallîṭîn*: waw-conjunction + adjective, masculine plural - and ruling
• *bᵉkōl*: preposition + noun, masculine singular - in all
• *ʿăbar*: noun, masculine singular construct - beyond
• *nahărāh*: noun, masculine singular with Aramaic definite article - the river
• *ûmiddāh*: waw-conjunction + noun, feminine singular - and tax
• *bᵉlô*: noun, masculine singular - toll/tribute
• *wahălāk*: waw-conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and custom/duty
• *mityᵉhēb*: hitpeel participle, masculine singular - being given
• *lᵉhôn*: preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - to them

Word Meanings

• *taqqîpîn*: mighty/powerful/strong
• *wᵉšallîṭîn*: ruling/having authority
• *ʿăbar* *nahărāh*: beyond the River/Trans-Euphrates
• *ûmiddāh*: tax/tribute
• *bᵉlô*: toll/tribute
• *wahălāk*: custom/duty

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  Mighty kings have ruled over Jerusalem and exercised authority over the entire region beyond the River, and taxes, tribute, and customs were paid to them.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  There have been mighty kings also over Jerusalem, which have ruled over all countries beyond the river; and toll, tribute, and custom, was paid unto them.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  There have been mighty kings also over Jerusalem, who have ruled over all [the country] beyond the River; and tribute, custom, and toll, was paid unto them.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  There have been mighty kings also over Jerusalem, which have ruled over all countries beyond the river; and toll, tribute, and custom, was paid unto them.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  There haue bene mightie kynges also at Ierusale, which haue reigned ouer all that is beyonde the water, and toll, tribute and yearly custome was geuen vnto them.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  There haue bene mightie kings also ouer Ierusalem, which haue ruled ouer all beyonde the Riuer, and tolle, tribute, and custome was giuen vnto them.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  There haue ben mightie kinges also at Hierusalem, which haue raigned ouer all countreys beyond the water: and toule, tribute, and custome was geuen vnto them,

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  There have been mighty kings also over Jerusalem, which have ruled over all [countries] beyond the river; and toll, tribute, and custom, was paid unto them.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  There have been mighty kings also over Jerusalem, who have ruled over all [the country] beyond the River; and tribute, custom, and toll, was paid to them.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  and mighty kings have been over Jerusalem, even rulers over all beyond the river, and toll, tribute, and custom is given to them.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  There have been mighty kings also over Jerusalem, who have ruled over all `the country' beyond the River; and tribute, custom, and toll, was paid unto them.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  There have been mighty kings also over Jerusalem, who have ruled over all [the country] beyond the River; and tribute, custom, and toll, was paid unto them.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  Further, there have been great kings in Jerusalem, ruling over all the country across the river, to whom they gave taxes and payments in goods and forced payments.

• World English Bible (2000)

  There have been mighty kings also over Jerusalem, who have ruled over all [the country] beyond the River; and tribute, custom, and toll, was paid to them.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  Powerful kings have been over Jerusalem who ruled throughout the entire Trans-Euphrates and who were the beneficiaries of tribute, custom, and toll.

Referenced Verses

• Gen 15:18 : 18 On the same day the LORD made a covenant with Abram, saying, To your descendants have I given this land, from the river of Egypt unto the great river, the river Euphrates:
• 1 Kgs 4:21 : 21 And Solomon reigned over all kingdoms from the River to the land of the Philistines, and to the border of Egypt: they brought presents and served Solomon all the days of his life.
• Ps 72:8 : 8 He shall have dominion also from sea to sea, and from the river to the ends of the earth.
• 1 Chr 18:3 : 3 And David struck Hadadezer king of Zobah as far as Hamath, as he went to establish his dominion by the river Euphrates.
• 1 Chr 18:6 : 6 Then David put garrisons in Syria of Damascus; and the Syrians became David's servants and brought gifts. Thus the LORD preserved David wherever he went.
• 1 Chr 18:13 : 13 And he put garrisons in Edom, and all the Edomites became David's servants. Thus the LORD preserved David wherever he went.
• 1 Chr 19:19 : 19 And when the servants of Hadarezer saw that they were defeated before Israel, they made peace with David, and became his servants; neither would the Syrians help the children of Ammon anymore.
• 2 Chr 9:14 : 14 besides what the traders and merchants brought. All the kings of Arabia and the governors of the country brought gold and silver to Solomon.
• 2 Chr 9:23-24 : 23 All the kings of the earth sought the presence of Solomon to hear his wisdom, which God had put in his heart. 24 Every one of them brought his gift: articles of silver and gold, garments, armor, spices, horses, and mules, so much year by year.
• 2 Chr 17:11 : 11 Also some of the Philistines brought Jehoshaphat presents and tribute silver; and the Arabians brought him flocks, seven thousand and seven hundred rams, and seven thousand and seven hundred he-goats.
• 2 Chr 26:7-8 : 7 And God helped him against the Philistines, against the Arabians who lived in Gurbaal, and against the Meunites. 8 The Ammonites brought gifts to Uzziah, and his fame spread as far as the border of Egypt, for he became exceedingly strong.
• Ezra 4:13 : 13 Be it known now to the king, that, if this city is built, and the walls set up again, then they will not pay toll, tribute, and custom, and so you will harm the revenue of the kings.
• Ezra 4:16 : 16 We certify the king that, if this city is built again, and the walls set up, by this means you will have no portion on this side of the river.
• Ezra 7:24 : 24 Also we certify you, that concerning any of the priests and Levites, singers, gatekeepers, Nethinims, or ministers of this house of God, it shall not be lawful to impose toll, tribute, or custom, upon them.
• 1 Kgs 4:24 : 24 For he had dominion over all the region on this side of the River, from Tiphsah even to Gaza, over all the kings on this side of the River: and he had peace on all sides around him.
• Josh 1:3-4 : 3 Every place that the sole of your foot shall tread upon, I have given to you, as I said to Moses. 4 From the wilderness and this Lebanon as far as the great river, the river Euphrates, all the land of the Hittites, and to the Great Sea toward the setting of the sun, shall be your territory.