Leviticus 14:21

KJV1611 – Modern English

And if he is poor and cannot afford so much, then he shall take one lamb for a trespass offering to be waved, to make atonement for him, and one-tenth of an ephah of fine flour mixed with oil for a grain offering, and a log of oil;

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וְאִם־דַּ֣ל ה֗וּא וְאֵ֣ין יָדוֹ֮ מַשֶּׂגֶת֒ וְ֠לָקַח כֶּ֣בֶשׂ אֶחָ֥ד אָשָׁ֛ם לִתְנוּפָ֖ה לְכַפֵּ֣ר עָלָ֑יו וְעִשָּׂר֨וֹן סֹ֜לֶת אֶחָ֨ד בָּ֥לוּל בַּשֶּׁ֛מֶן לְמִנְחָ֖ה וְלֹ֥ג שָֽׁמֶן׃

Transliteration

wə-ʾim-dal hûʾ wə-ʾên yādô maśśeget, wə-lāqaḥ kebeś one ʾāšām for-tənûpâ for-kappēr upon-him; and-ʿiśśārôn sōlet one bālûl in-the-šemen for-minḥâ and-lōg šāmen.

Grammar Details

• *wə-ʾim*: conjunction + conditional particle - and if
• *dal*: adjective, masculine singular - poor
• *hûʾ*: pronoun, 3rd masculine singular - he
• *wə-ʾên*: conjunction + particle of negation - and there is not
• *yādô*: noun + possessive suffix - his hand
• *maśśeget*: hiphil participle, feminine singular - reaching/affording
• *wə-lāqaḥ*: conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he shall take
• *kebeś*: noun, masculine singular - lamb
• *ʾāšām*: noun, masculine singular - guilt offering
• *tənûpâ*: noun, feminine singular - wave offering
• *kappēr*: piel infinitive construct - to make atonement
• *ʿiśśārôn*: noun, masculine singular - tenth part/omer
• *sōlet*: noun, feminine singular - fine flour
• *bālûl*: qal passive participle - mixed
• *šemen*: noun, masculine singular - oil
• *minḥâ*: noun, feminine singular - grain offering
• *lōg*: noun, masculine singular - log (measure)
• *šāmen*: noun, masculine singular - oil

Word Meanings

• *dal*: poor/weak/thin
• *yād maśśeget*: hand reaching/means sufficient/ability to afford
• *kebeś*: lamb/young ram
• *ʾāšām*: guilt offering/trespass offering
• *tənûpâ*: wave offering/elevation offering
• *kappēr*: make atonement/cover/expiate
• *ʿiśśārôn*: tenth part/omer (unit of measure)
• *sōlet*: fine flour/semolina
• *bālûl*: mixed/mingled
• *lōg*: log (liquid measure, approximately 0.3 liter)

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  If the person is poor and cannot afford these offerings, they shall take one male lamb as a guilt offering to be waved, to make atonement for them, along with a tenth of an ephah of fine flour mixed with oil as a grain offering, and a log of oil.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And if he be poor, and cannot get so much; then he shall take one lamb for a trespass offering to be waved, to make an atonement for him, and one tenth deal of fine flour mingd with oil for a meat offering, and a log of oil;

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  And if he be poor,{H1800} and cannot get{H3027} so much, then he shall take{H3947} one{H259} he-lamb{H3532} for a trespass-offering{H817} to be waved,{H8573} to make atonement{H3722} for him, and one{H259} tenth part [of an ephah]{H6241} of fine flour{H5560} mingled{H1101} with oil{H8081} for a meal-offering,{H4503} and a log{H3849} of oil;{H8081}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And if he be poor{H1800}, and cannot get{H3027}{H5381}{(H8688)} so much; then he shall take{H3947}{(H8804)} one{H259} lamb{H3532} for a trespass offering{H817} to be waved{H8573}, to make an atonement{H3722}{(H8763)} for him, and one{H259} tenth deal{H6241} of fine flour{H5560} mingled{H1101}{(H8803)} with oil{H8081} for a meat offering{H4503}, and a log{H3849} of oil{H8081};

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  Yf he be poore ad can not gett so moch, tha let him bringe one lambe for a trespaceoffrynge to waue it and to make an attonement for him, ad a tenth deale of fine floure myngled with oyle for a meatoffrynge ad a logge of oyle,

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  But yf he be poore, and getteth not so moch with his hande, then let him take one lambe for a trespaceofferynge to waue it, to make an attonement for him, and a tenth deale of fyne floure myngled with oyle for a meatofferynge, and a Logg of oyle,

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  But if he be poore, and not able, then he shall bring one lambe for a trespasse offring to be shaken, for his reconciliation, and a tenth deale of fine flower mingled with oyle, for a meate offring, with a pinte of oyle.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  If he be poore and can not get so much, he shall take one lambe for a trespasse offering, to waue it for his attonement, and a tenth deale of fine flowre mingled with oyle for a meate offeryng, and a logge of oyle,

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  ¶ And if he [be] poor, and cannot get so much; then he shall take one lamb [for] a trespass offering to be waved, to make an atonement for him, and one tenth deal of fine flour mingled with oil for a meat offering, and a log of oil;

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  "If he is poor, and can't afford so much, then he shall take one male lamb for a trespass offering to be waved, to make atonement for him, and one tenth of an ephah of fine flour mingled with oil for a meal offering, and a log of oil;

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  `And if he `is' poor, and his hand is not reaching `these things', then he hath taken one lamb -- a guilt-offering, for a wave-offering, to make atonement for him, and one-tenth deal of flour mixed with oil for a present, and a log of oil,

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And if he be poor, and cannot get so much, then he shall take one he-lamb for a trespass-offering to be waved, to make atonement for him, and one tenth part `of an ephah' of fine flour mingled with oil for a meal-offering, and a log of oil;

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And if he be poor, and cannot get so much, then he shall take one he-lamb for a trespass-offering to be waved, to make atonement for him, and one tenth part [of an ephah] of fine flour mingled with oil for a meal-offering, and a log of oil;

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And if he is poor and not able to get so much, then he may take one male lamb as an offering for wrongdoing, to be waved to take away his sin, and one tenth part of an ephah of the best meal mixed with oil for a meal offering, and a log of oil;

• World English Bible (2000)

  "If he is poor, and can't afford so much, then he shall take one male lamb for a trespass offering to be waved, to make atonement for him, and one tenth of an ephah of fine flour mingled with oil for a meal offering, and a log of oil;

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  The Eighth Day Atonement Rituals for the Poor Person“If the person is poor and does not have sufficient means, he must take one male lamb as a guilt offering for a wave offering to make atonement for himself, one-tenth of an ephah of choice wheat flour mixed with olive oil for a grain offering, a log of olive oil,

Referenced Verses

• Lev 12:8 : 8 And if she cannot afford a lamb, then she shall bring two turtledoves or two young pigeons; one for the burnt offering and the other for a sin offering. And the priest shall make atonement for her, and she shall be clean.
• Lev 5:7 : 7 And if he is not able to bring a lamb, then he shall bring for his trespass which he has committed, two turtledoves or two young pigeons, to the LORD; one for a sin offering and the other for a burnt offering.
• Lev 5:11 : 11 But if he is not able to bring two turtledoves or two young pigeons, then he who has sinned shall bring for his offering one-tenth of an ephah of fine flour for a sin offering; he shall put no oil on it, nor shall he put any frankincense on it, for it is a sin offering.
• Lev 1:14 : 14 And if the burnt sacrifice for his offering to the LORD is of birds, then he shall bring his offering of turtledoves or of young pigeons.
• Lev 14:22 : 22 And two turtledoves or two young pigeons, such as he is able to get, and the one shall be a sin offering, and the other a burnt offering.
• 1 Sam 2:8 : 8 He raises up the poor from the dust, and lifts up the needy from the ashes, to set them among princes and to make them inherit the throne of glory: for the pillars of the earth are the LORD's, and he has set the world upon them.
• Job 34:19 : 19 How much less to Him who does not respect the persons of princes nor regard the rich more than the poor? For they all are the work of His hands.
• Prov 17:5 : 5 Whoever mocks the poor reproaches his Maker, and he who is glad at calamity shall not go unpunished.
• Prov 22:2 : 2 The rich and poor meet together: the LORD is the maker of them all.
• Luke 6:20 : 20 And he lifted up his eyes on his disciples, and said, Blessed are you poor: for yours is the kingdom of God.
• Luke 21:2-4 : 2 And he also saw a certain poor widow casting in there two small coins. 3 And he said, Truly I say to you, that this poor widow has cast in more than all of them: 4 For all these have out of their abundance cast into the offerings of God; but she, out of her poverty, has cast in all the living that she had.
• 2 Cor 8:9 : 9 For you know the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ, that though he was rich, yet for your sakes he became poor, that through his poverty you might become rich.
• 2 Cor 8:12 : 12 For if there is first a willing mind, it is accepted according to what one has, not according to what one does not have.
• Jas 2:5-6 : 5 Listen, my beloved brothers, has not God chosen the poor of this world to be rich in faith and heirs of the kingdom which He promised to those who love Him? 6 But you have despised the poor. Do not rich men oppress you, and haul you into the courts?