Leviticus 5:3

KJV1611 – Modern English

Or if he touches human uncleanness, whatever uncleanness it is that a man may be defiled with, and it is hidden from him; when he becomes aware of it, then he shall be guilty.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

א֣וֹ כִ֤י יִגַּע֙ בְּטֻמְאַ֣ת אָדָ֔ם לְכֹל֙ טֻמְאָת֔וֹ אֲשֶׁ֥ר יִטְמָ֖א בָּ֑הּ וְנֶעְלַ֣ם מִמֶּ֔נּוּ וְה֥וּא יָדַ֖ע וְאָשֵֽׁם׃

Transliteration

Or when yiggaʿ in-ṭumʾaṯ ʾādām to-all ṭumʾāṯô which yiṭmāʾ in-her and-neʿlam from-him and-he yādaʿ and-ʾāšēm

Grammar Details

• *yiggaʿ*: verb, qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he touches/will touch
• *ṭumʾaṯ*: noun, feminine, singular construct - uncleanness of
• *ʾādām*: noun, masculine, singular - man/mankind/person
• *ṭumʾāṯô*: noun, feminine, singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his uncleanness
• *yiṭmāʾ*: verb, qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he becomes unclean
• *neʿlam*: verb, niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - it was hidden/concealed
• *yādaʿ*: verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he knew
• *ʾāšēm*: verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he became guilty

Word Meanings

• *yiggaʿ*: touches/comes in contact with
• *ṭumʾaṯ*: uncleanness/impurity/defilement of
• *ʾādām*: man/human/person/mankind
• *ṭumʾāṯô*: his uncleanness/impurity
• *yiṭmāʾ*: becomes unclean/defiled/impure
• *neʿlam*: was hidden/concealed/forgotten from
• *yādaʿ*: knows/realizes/recognizes
• *ʾāšēm*: becomes guilty/bears guilt/is held responsible

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  Or if someone touches human uncleanness, anything that makes a person unclean, and it is hidden from them but then they realize it, they become guilty.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  Or if he touch the uncanness of man, whatsoever uncanness it be that a man shall be defid withal, and it be hid from him; when he knoweth of it, then he shall be guilty.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  Or if he touch{H5060} the uncleanness{H2932} of man,{H120} whatsoever his uncleanness{H2932} be wherewith he is unclean,{H2930} and it be hid{H5956} from him; when he knoweth{H3045} of it, then he shall be guilty.{H816}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  Or if he touch{H5060}{(H8799)} the uncleanness{H2932} of man{H120}, whatsoever uncleanness{H2932} it be that a man shall be defiled{H2930}{(H8799)} withal, and it be hid{H5956}{(H8738)} from him; when he knoweth{H3045}{(H8804)} of it, then he shall be guilty{H816}{(H8804)}.

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  Ether when he toucheth any vnclennesse of ma (what soeuer vnclennesse it be that a man is defyled with all) and is not warre of it and afterwarde cometh to the knowlege of it, he is a trespaser.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Or whan he toucheth an vncleane man (what vnclennesse so euer a man is defyled withall) & was not awarre of it, & afterwarde cometh to ye knowlege therof, ye same hath offended.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Eyther if hee touche any vncleannesse of man (whatsoeuer vncleannes it be, that hee is defiled with) and is not ware of it, and after commeth to the knowledge of it, he hath sinned:

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Either if he touche any vncleannesse of man, whatsoeuer vncleannesse it be that a man is wont to be defiled withall, and is not ware of it, and commeth to ye knowledge of it, he hath trespassed.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  Or if he touch the uncleanness of man, whatsoever uncleanness [it be] that a man shall be defiled withal, and it be hid from him; when he knoweth [of it], then he shall be guilty.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  "'Or if he touches the uncleanness of man, whatever his uncleanness is with which he is unclean, and it is hidden from him; when he knows of it, then he shall be guilty.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  `Or when he cometh against uncleanness of man, even any of his uncleanness whereby he is unclean, and it hath been hidden from him, and he hath known, and hath been guilty:

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Or if he touch the uncleanness of man, whatsoever his uncleanness be wherewith he is unclean, and it be hid from him; when he knoweth of it, then he shall be guilty.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Or if he touch the uncleanness of man, whatsoever his uncleanness be wherewith he is unclean, and it be hid from him; when he knoweth of it, then he shall be guilty.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  Or if he becomes unclean through touching unconsciously any unclean thing of man, whatever it may be, when it is made clear to him he will be responsible:

• World English Bible (2000)

  "'Or if he touches the uncleanness of man, whatever his uncleanness is with which he is unclean, and it is hidden from him; when he knows of it, then he shall be guilty.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  or when he touches human uncleanness with regard to anything by which he can become unclean, even if he did not realize it, but he himself has later come to know it and is guilty;

Referenced Verses

• Lev 12:1-8 : 1 And the LORD spoke to Moses, saying, 2 Speak to the children of Israel, saying, If a woman conceives and gives birth to a male child, then she shall be unclean for seven days; as in the days of her customary impurity, she shall be unclean. 3 And on the eighth day, the flesh of his foreskin shall be circumcised. 4 Then she shall continue in the blood of her purification for thirty-three days; she shall touch no holy thing, nor come into the sanctuary, until the days of her purification are fulfilled. 5 But if she gives birth to a female child, then she shall be unclean for two weeks, as in her customary impurity; and she shall continue in the blood of her purification for sixty-six days. 6 And when the days of her purification are fulfilled, whether for a son or a daughter, she shall bring to the door of the tabernacle of meeting, to the priest, a lamb of the first year for a burnt offering, and a young pigeon or a turtledove for a sin offering: 7 Who shall offer it before the LORD, and make atonement for her, and she shall be cleansed from the flow of her blood. This is the law for her who has given birth to a male or a female. 8 And if she cannot afford a lamb, then she shall bring two turtledoves or two young pigeons; one for the burnt offering and the other for a sin offering. And the priest shall make atonement for her, and she shall be clean.
• Lev 15:1-9 : 1 And the LORD spoke to Moses and to Aaron, saying, 2 Speak to the children of Israel, and say to them, When any man has a discharge from his body, because of his discharge he is unclean. 3 And this shall be his uncleanness in his discharge: whether his body runs with his discharge, or his body is stopped from his discharge, it is his uncleanness. 4 Every bed where he lies that has the discharge is unclean: and everything where he sits shall be unclean. 5 And whoever touches his bed shall wash his clothes, and bathe himself in water, and be unclean until the evening. 6 And he that sits on anything where he sat who has the discharge shall wash his clothes, and bathe himself in water, and be unclean until the evening. 7 And he that touches the body of him that has the discharge shall wash his clothes, and bathe himself in water, and be unclean until the evening. 8 And if he that has the discharge spits on him that is clean; then he shall wash his clothes, and bathe himself in water, and be unclean until the evening. 9 And whatever saddle he rides upon that has the discharge shall be unclean. 10 And whoever touches anything that was under him shall be unclean until the evening: and he that bears any of those things shall wash his clothes, and bathe himself in water, and be unclean until the evening. 11 And whomever he touches that has the discharge, and has not rinsed his hands in water, he shall wash his clothes, and bathe himself in water, and be unclean until the evening. 12 And the earthen vessel, which he touches that has the discharge, shall be broken: and every wooden vessel shall be rinsed in water. 13 And when he that has a discharge is cleansed of his discharge; then he shall number to himself seven days for his cleansing, and wash his clothes, and bathe his body in running water, and shall be clean. 14 And on the eighth day he shall take for himself two turtledoves, or two young pigeons, and come before the LORD to the door of the tabernacle of the congregation, and give them to the priest: 15 And the priest shall offer them, the one for a sin offering, and the other for a burnt offering; and the priest shall make an atonement for him before the LORD for his discharge. 16 And if any man's seed of emission goes out from him, then he shall wash all his body in water, and be unclean until the evening. 17 And every garment, and every leather, where there is the seed of emission, shall be washed with water, and be unclean until the evening. 18 The woman also with whom a man lies with seed of emission, they shall both bathe themselves in water, and be unclean until the evening. 19 And if a woman has an issue, and her issue in her body is blood, she shall be put apart seven days: and whoever touches her shall be unclean until the evening. 20 And everything that she lies upon in her separation shall be unclean: everything also that she sits upon shall be unclean. 21 And whoever touches her bed shall wash his clothes, and bathe himself in water, and be unclean until the evening. 22 And whoever touches anything that she sat upon shall wash his clothes, and bathe himself in water, and be unclean until the evening. 23 And if it is on her bed, or on anything where she sits, when he touches it, he shall be unclean until the evening. 24 And if any man lies with her at all, and her impurity is on him, he shall be unclean seven days; and all the bed where he lies shall be unclean. 25 And if a woman has an issue of her blood for many days outside of the time of her separation, or if it runs beyond the time of her separation; all the days of her issue of uncleanness shall be as the days of her separation: she shall be unclean. 26 Every bed where she lies all the days of her issue shall be to her as the bed of her separation: and whatever she sits upon shall be unclean, as the uncleanness of her separation. 27 And whoever touches those things shall be unclean, and shall wash his clothes, and bathe himself in water, and be unclean until the evening. 28 But if she is cleansed of her issue, then she shall number to herself seven days, and after that she shall be clean. 29 And on the eighth day she shall take for herself two turtledoves, or two young pigeons, and bring them to the priest, to the door of the tabernacle of the congregation. 30 And the priest shall offer the one for a sin offering, and the other for a burnt offering; and the priest shall make an atonement for her before the LORD for the issue of her uncleanness. 31 Thus shall you separate the children of Israel from their uncleanness; that they do not die in their uncleanness, when they defile my tabernacle that is among them. 32 This is the law of him that has an issue, and of him whose seed goes from him, and is defiled by it; 33 And of her that is sick of her impurity, and of him that has an issue, of the man, and of the woman, and of him that lies with her that is unclean.
• Num 19:11-16 : 11 He who touches the dead body of any man shall be unclean seven days. 12 He shall purify himself with it on the third day, and on the seventh day he shall be clean: but if he does not purify himself the third day, then the seventh day he shall not be clean. 13 Whoever touches the dead body of any man who is dead, and does not purify himself, defiles the tabernacle of the LORD; and that soul shall be cut off from Israel: because the water of purification has not been sprinkled upon him, he shall be unclean; his uncleanness is still upon him. 14 This is the law when a man dies in a tent: all who come into the tent, and all who are in the tent, shall be unclean seven days. 15 And every open vessel, which has no covering bound on it, is unclean. 16 And whoever touches someone who is slain with a sword in the open fields, or a dead body, or a bone of a man, or a grave, shall be unclean seven days.
• Lev 22:4-6 : 4 Whoever of the descendants of Aaron is a leper, or has a discharge; he shall not eat of the holy things, until he is clean. And whoever touches anything that is unclean by the dead, or a man who has an emission of seed; 5 Or whoever touches any creeping thing, by which he may be made unclean, or a man of whom he may take uncleanness, whatever uncleanness he has; 6 The soul who has touched any such thing shall be unclean until evening, and shall not eat of the holy things, unless he washes his flesh with water.