Leviticus 22:4

KJV1611 – Modern English

Whoever of the descendants of Aaron is a leper, or has a discharge; he shall not eat of the holy things, until he is clean. And whoever touches anything that is unclean by the dead, or a man who has an emission of seed;

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

אִ֣ישׁ אִ֞ישׁ מִזֶּ֣רַע אַהֲרֹ֗ן וְה֤וּא צָר֙וּעַ֙ א֣וֹ זָ֔ב בַּקֳּדָשִׁים֙ לֹ֣א יֹאכַ֔ל עַ֖ד אֲשֶׁ֣ר יִטְהָ֑ר וְהַנֹּגֵ֙עַ֙ בְּכָל־טְמֵא־נֶ֔פֶשׁ א֣וֹ אִ֔ישׁ אֲשֶׁר־תֵּצֵ֥א מִמֶּ֖נּוּ שִׁכְבַת־זָֽרַע׃

Transliteration

ʾîš ʾîš mizzeraʿ ʾahărōn wə-hûʾ ṣārûaʿ ʾô zāb baqqodāšîm lōʾ yōʾkal ʿad ʾăšer yiṭhār wə-hannōgēaʿ bə-kol-ṭəmēʾ-nepeš ʾô ʾîš ʾăšer-tēṣēʾ mimmennû šikbat-zāraʿ

Grammar Details

• *ʾîš* *ʾîš*: noun masculine singular repeated - any man, each man
• *mizzeraʿ*: preposition + noun masculine singular construct - from the seed/offspring of
• *ʾahărōn*: proper noun - Aaron
• *wə-hûʾ*: conjunction + 3rd person masculine singular pronoun - and he
• *ṣārûaʿ*: Qal passive participle masculine singular - leprous
• *ʾô*: conjunction - or
• *zāb*: Qal active participle masculine singular - having a discharge
• *baqqodāšîm*: preposition + definite article + noun masculine plural - in/of the holy things
• *lōʾ*: negative particle - not
• *yōʾkal*: Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he shall eat
• *ʿad*: preposition - until
• *ʾăšer*: relative particle - who
• *yiṭhār*: Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he is clean
• *wə-hannōgēaʿ*: conjunction + definite article + Qal active participle masculine singular - and the one touching
• *bə-kol*: preposition + noun masculine singular construct - in any
• *ṭəmēʾ*: adjective masculine singular construct - unclean of
• *nepeš*: noun feminine singular - soul/person/corpse
• *ʾîš*: noun masculine singular - man
• *tēṣēʾ*: Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - goes out
• *mimmennû*: preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - from him
• *šikbat*: noun feminine singular construct - emission of
• *zāraʿ*: noun masculine singular - seed/semen

Word Meanings

• *ʾîš* *ʾîš*: any man, each man, whosoever
• *mizzeraʿ*: from the seed/offspring/descendants of
• *ṣārûaʿ*: leprous, having skin disease, afflicted with tzara'at
• *zāb*: having a discharge, flowing, having an issue
• *baqqodāšîm*: in/of the holy things, of the sacred offerings
• *yōʾkal*: shall eat, may eat, consume
• *yiṭhār*: he is clean, he is purified, he becomes ritually pure
• *hannōgēaʿ*: the one touching, the one who comes in contact with
• *ṭəmēʾ*-*nepeš*: unclean of soul/person, defiled by a dead body
• *tēṣēʾ*: goes out, leaves, is emitted
• *šikbat*-*zāraʿ*: emission of seed/semen, seminal discharge

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  If any man from Aaron's descendants has a skin disease or a discharge, he must not eat from the holy things until he is clean. Whoever touches anything made unclean by a corpse, or a man who has had an emission of semen,

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  What man soever of the seed of Aaron is a per, or hath a running issue; he shall not eat of the holy things, until he be can. And whoso toucheth any thing that is uncan by the dead, or a man whose seed goeth from him;

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  What man soever{H376} of the seed{H2233} of Aaron{H175} is a leper,{H6879} or hath an issue;{H2100} he shall not eat{H398} of the holy things,{H6944} until he be clean.{H2891} And whoso toucheth{H5060} anything that is unclean{H2931} by the dead,{H5315} or a man{H376} whose seed{H2233} goeth{H3318} from him;

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  What man soever{H376} of the seed{H2233} of Aaron{H175} is a leper{H6879}{(H8803)}, or hath a running issue{H2100}{(H8802)}; he shall not eat{H398}{(H8799)} of the holy things{H6944}, until he be clean{H2891}{(H8799)}. And whoso toucheth{H5060}{(H8802)} any thing that is unclean{H2931} by the dead{H5315}, or a man{H376} whose seed{H2233}{H7902} goeth{H3318}{(H8799)} from him;

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  None of the seed of Aaron that is a leper or that hath a runnynge sore shall eate of the halowed thinges vntill he be cleane. And whosoeuer twytcheth any vncleane soule or man whose seed runneth fro him by nyghte,

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Who so euer of the sede of Aaron is a leper, or hath a runnynge yssue, shall not eate of the holy thinges, tyll he be clensed. Who so toucheth eny vncleane thinge, or whose sede departeth from him by night,

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Whosoeuer also of the seede of Aaron is a leper, or hath a running issue, he shall not eate of the holy things vntill he be cleane: and who so toucheth any that is vncleane, by reason of the dead, or a man whose issue of seede runneth from him,

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  What man soeuer of the seede of Aaron is a leper, or hath a running issue, he shall not eate of the holy thinges, vntyll he be cleane: And who so toucheth any man that is vncleane by reason of a dead body, or a man whose seede runneth from hym in his sleepe,

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  What man soever of the seed of Aaron [is] a leper, or hath a running issue; he shall not eat of the holy things, until he be clean. And whoso toucheth any thing [that is] unclean [by] the dead, or a man whose seed goeth from him;

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  "'Whoever of the seed of Aaron is a leper or has an issue; he shall not eat of the holy things, until he is clean. Whoever touches anything that is unclean by the dead, or a man whose seed goes from him;

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  `Any man of the seed of Aaron, and is leprous or hath an issue -- of the holy things he doth not eat till that he is clean; and he who is coming against any uncleanness of a person, or a man whose seed of copulation goeth out from him,

• American Standard Version (1901)

  What man soever of the seed of Aaron is a leper, or hath an issue; he shall not eat of the holy things, until he be clean. And whoso toucheth anything that is unclean by the dead, or a man whose seed goeth from him;

• American Standard Version (1901)

  What man soever of the seed of Aaron is a leper, or hath an issue; he shall not eat of the holy things, until he be clean. And whoso toucheth anything that is unclean by the dead, or a man whose seed goeth from him;

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  No man of the seed of Aaron who is a leper, or who has a flow from his body, may take of the holy food till he is clean. And any man touching anything which is unclean because of the dead, or any man whose seed goes from him;

• World English Bible (2000)

  "'Whoever of the seed of Aaron is a leper or has an issue; he shall not eat of the holy things, until he is clean. Whoever touches anything that is unclean by the dead, or a man whose seed goes from him;

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  No man from the descendants of Aaron who is diseased or has a discharge may eat the holy offerings until he becomes clean. The one who touches anything made unclean by contact with a dead person, or a man who has a seminal emission,

Referenced Verses

• Lev 11:39 : 39 And if any beast, of which you may eat, dies; he that touches its carcass shall be unclean until the evening.
• Lev 15:2-3 : 2 Speak to the children of Israel, and say to them, When any man has a discharge from his body, because of his discharge he is unclean. 3 And this shall be his uncleanness in his discharge: whether his body runs with his discharge, or his body is stopped from his discharge, it is his uncleanness.
• Lev 15:13-16 : 13 And when he that has a discharge is cleansed of his discharge; then he shall number to himself seven days for his cleansing, and wash his clothes, and bathe his body in running water, and shall be clean. 14 And on the eighth day he shall take for himself two turtledoves, or two young pigeons, and come before the LORD to the door of the tabernacle of the congregation, and give them to the priest: 15 And the priest shall offer them, the one for a sin offering, and the other for a burnt offering; and the priest shall make an atonement for him before the LORD for his discharge. 16 And if any man's seed of emission goes out from him, then he shall wash all his body in water, and be unclean until the evening.
• Lev 21:1 : 1 And the LORD said to Moses, Speak to the priests, the sons of Aaron, and say to them, None shall defile himself for the dead among his people:
• Lev 21:22 : 22 He shall eat the bread of his God, both of the most holy, and of the holy.
• Num 18:9 : 9 This shall be yours of the most holy things, reserved from the fire: every offering of theirs, every grain offering of theirs, and every sin offering of theirs, and every trespass offering of theirs, which they shall render to me, shall be most holy for you and for your sons.
• Num 18:19 : 19 All the heave offerings of the holy things, which the children of Israel offer to the LORD, have I given you, and your sons and your daughters with you, by a statute forever: it is a covenant of salt forever before the LORD to you and to your seed with you.
• Num 19:11-16 : 11 He who touches the dead body of any man shall be unclean seven days. 12 He shall purify himself with it on the third day, and on the seventh day he shall be clean: but if he does not purify himself the third day, then the seventh day he shall not be clean. 13 Whoever touches the dead body of any man who is dead, and does not purify himself, defiles the tabernacle of the LORD; and that soul shall be cut off from Israel: because the water of purification has not been sprinkled upon him, he shall be unclean; his uncleanness is still upon him. 14 This is the law when a man dies in a tent: all who come into the tent, and all who are in the tent, shall be unclean seven days. 15 And every open vessel, which has no covering bound on it, is unclean. 16 And whoever touches someone who is slain with a sword in the open fields, or a dead body, or a bone of a man, or a grave, shall be unclean seven days.
• Lev 13:2-3 : 2 When a man has in the skin of his flesh a swelling, a scab, or a bright spot, and it becomes in the skin of his flesh like the plague of leprosy, then he shall be brought to Aaron the priest, or to one of his sons the priests. 3 And the priest shall examine the plague in the skin of the flesh, and if the hair in the plague has turned white, and the plague appears deeper than the skin of his flesh, it is a plague of leprosy, and the priest shall examine him and pronounce him unclean.
• Lev 13:44-46 : 44 he is a leprous man; he is unclean. The priest shall pronounce him utterly unclean; his plague is on his head. 45 And the leper who has the plague, his clothes shall be torn and his head bare, he shall cover his upper lip and cry, 'Unclean, unclean.' 46 All the days that the plague is in him, he shall be defiled; he is unclean. He shall dwell alone; his dwelling shall be outside the camp.
• Lev 14:1-9 : 1 And the LORD spoke to Moses, saying, 2 This shall be the law of the leper on the day of his cleansing: He shall be brought to the priest: 3 And the priest shall go out of the camp, and the priest shall examine him, and behold, if the plague of leprosy is healed in the leper; 4 Then the priest shall command to take for the one who is to be cleansed two living and clean birds, and cedar wood, and scarlet, and hyssop: 5 And the priest shall command that one of the birds be killed in an earthen vessel over running water: 6 As for the living bird, he shall take it, and the cedar wood, and the scarlet, and the hyssop, and shall dip them and the living bird in the blood of the bird that was killed over the running water: 7 And he shall sprinkle upon him who is to be cleansed from the leprosy seven times, and shall pronounce him clean, and shall let the living bird loose into the open field. 8 And he who is to be cleansed shall wash his clothes, and shave off all his hair, and wash himself in water, that he may be clean: and after that he shall come into the camp, and shall stay outside of his tent seven days. 9 But it shall be on the seventh day, that he shall shave all his hair off his head and his beard and his eyebrows, even all his hair he shall shave off: and he shall wash his clothes, he shall also wash his flesh in water, and he shall be clean. 10 And on the eighth day he shall take two male lambs without blemish, and one ewe lamb of the first year without blemish, and three-tenths of an ephah of fine flour for a grain offering, mixed with oil, and one log of oil. 11 And the priest who makes him clean shall present the man who is to be made clean, and those things, before the LORD, at the door of the tabernacle of the congregation: 12 And the priest shall take one male lamb, and offer it for a trespass offering, and the log of oil, and wave them for a wave offering before the LORD: 13 And he shall slay the lamb in the place where he kills the sin offering and the burnt offering, in the holy place: for, as the sin offering is the priest's, so is the trespass offering: it is most holy: 14 And the priest shall take some of the blood of the trespass offering, and the priest shall put it on the tip of the right ear of him who is to be cleansed, and on the thumb of his right hand, and on the big toe of his right foot: 15 And the priest shall take some of the log of oil, and pour it into the palm of his own left hand: 16 And the priest shall dip his right finger in the oil that is in his left hand, and shall sprinkle some of the oil with his finger seven times before the LORD: 17 And the rest of the oil that is in his hand, the priest shall put on the tip of the right ear of him who is to be cleansed, and on the thumb of his right hand, and on the big toe of his right foot, on the blood of the trespass offering: 18 And the remainder of the oil that is in the priest's hand he shall pour on the head of him who is to be cleansed: and the priest shall make atonement for him before the LORD. 19 And the priest shall offer the sin offering, and make atonement for him who is to be cleansed from his uncleanness; and afterward he shall kill the burnt offering: 20 And the priest shall offer the burnt offering and the grain offering upon the altar: and the priest shall make atonement for him, and he shall be clean. 21 And if he is poor and cannot afford so much, then he shall take one lamb for a trespass offering to be waved, to make atonement for him, and one-tenth of an ephah of fine flour mixed with oil for a grain offering, and a log of oil; 22 And two turtledoves or two young pigeons, such as he is able to get, and the one shall be a sin offering, and the other a burnt offering. 23 And he shall bring them on the eighth day for his cleansing to the priest, to the door of the tabernacle of the congregation, before the LORD. 24 And the priest shall take the lamb of the trespass offering, and the log of oil, and the priest shall wave them for a wave offering before the LORD: 25 And he shall kill the lamb of the trespass offering, and the priest shall take some of the blood of the trespass offering, and put it on the tip of the right ear of him who is to be cleansed, and on the thumb of his right hand, and on the big toe of his right foot: 26 And the priest shall pour some of the oil into the palm of his own left hand: 27 And the priest shall sprinkle with his right finger some of the oil that is in his left hand seven times before the LORD: 28 And the priest shall put some of the oil that is in his hand on the tip of the right ear of him who is to be cleansed, and on the thumb of his right hand, and on the big toe of his right foot, on the place of the blood of the trespass offering: 29 And the rest of the oil that is in the priest's hand he shall put on the head of him who is to be cleansed, to make atonement for him before the LORD. 30 And he shall offer one of the turtledoves or of the young pigeons, such as he can afford; 31 Even what he is able to get, the one for a sin offering, and the other for a burnt offering, with the grain offering: and the priest shall make atonement for him who is to be cleansed before the LORD. 32 This is the law of him in whom is the plague of leprosy, whose hand is not able to get that which pertains to his cleansing.
• Lev 2:3 : 3 And the remainder of the grain offering shall be for Aaron and his sons; it is most holy of the offerings of the LORD made by fire.
• Lev 2:10 : 10 And what is left of the grain offering shall be for Aaron and his sons; it is most holy of the offerings of the LORD made by fire.
• Lev 6:25-29 : 25 Speak to Aaron and to his sons, saying, This is the law of the sin offering: In the place where the burnt offering is killed shall the sin offering be killed before the LORD: it is most holy. 26 The priest that offers it for sin shall eat it: it shall be eaten in the holy place, in the court of the tabernacle of meeting. 27 Whatever touches its flesh shall be holy: and when some of its blood is sprinkled on any garment, you shall wash that on which it was sprinkled in the holy place. 28 But the earthen vessel in which it is boiled shall be broken: and if it is boiled in a bronze pot, it shall be scoured, and rinsed in water. 29 All the males among the priests shall eat of it: it is most holy.
• Lev 11:24-28 : 24 And for these you shall be unclean: whoever touches the carcass of them shall be unclean until the evening. 25 And whoever carries any part of the carcass of them shall wash his clothes, and be unclean until the evening. 26 The carcasses of every beast which divides the hoof, and is not cloven-footed, nor chews the cud, are unclean to you: everyone that touches them shall be unclean. 27 And whatever goes upon its paws, among all manner of beasts that go on all fours, those are unclean to you: whoever touches their carcass shall be unclean until the evening. 28 And he that carries the carcass of them shall wash his clothes, and be unclean until the evening: they are unclean to you.