Acts 10:42

NET Bible® (New English Translation)

He commanded us to preach to the people and to warn them that he is the one appointed by God as judge of the living and the dead.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

Καὶ παρήγγειλεν ἡμῖν κηρύξαι τῷ λαῷ, καὶ διαμαρτύρασθαι ὅτι αὐτός ἐστιν ὁ ὡρισμένος ὑπὸ τοῦ Θεοῦ Κριτὴς ζώντων καὶ νεκρῶν.

Transliteration

And he parēngeilen to-us to-kēryxai to-the laō, and to-diamartyrasthai that he estin the one hōrismenos by the Theou Kritēs of-zōntōn and nekrōn.

Grammar Details

• *parēngeilen*: aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he commanded/ordered
• *kēryxai*: aorist active infinitive - to proclaim/preach
• *laō*: dative, masculine, singular - people
• *diamartyrasthai*: aorist middle infinitive - to testify solemnly
• *estin*: present active indicative, 3rd person singular - is
• *hōrismenos*: perfect passive participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having been appointed/designated
• *Theou*: genitive, masculine, singular - of God
• *Kritēs*: nominative, masculine, singular - Judge
• *zōntōn*: present active participle, genitive, plural - of living ones
• *nekrōn*: genitive, masculine, plural - of dead ones

Word Meanings

• *parēngeilen*: commanded/ordered/charged/instructed
• *kēryxai*: to preach/proclaim/announce
• *laō*: people/nation/crowd
• *diamartyrasthai*: to testify thoroughly/to solemnly witness/to charge earnestly
• *hōrismenos*: appointed/ordained/determined/designated
• *Theou*: God/deity
• *Kritēs*: Judge/adjudicator
• *zōntōn*: living ones/alive ones
• *nekrōn*: dead ones/deceased

Referenced Verses

• 1 Pet 4:5 : 5 They will face a reckoning before Jesus Christ who stands ready to judge the living and the dead.
• Acts 17:31 : 31 because he has set a day on which he is going to judge the world in righteousness, by a man whom he designated, having provided proof to everyone by raising him from the dead.”
• 2 Tim 4:1 : 1 Charge to Timothy Repeated I solemnly charge you before God and Christ Jesus, who is going to judge the living and the dead, and by his appearing and his kingdom:
• Rom 14:9-9 : 9 For this reason Christ died and returned to life, so that he may be the Lord of both the dead and the living. 10 But you who eat vegetables only– why do you judge your brother or sister? And you who eat everything– why do you despise your brother or sister? For we will all stand before the judgment seat of God.
• 2 Cor 5:10 : 10 For we must all appear before the judgment seat of Christ, so that each one may be paid back according to what he has done while in the body, whether good or evil.
• Matt 28:19-20 : 19 Therefore go and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit, 20 teaching them to obey everything I have commanded you. And remember, I am with you always, to the end of the age.”
• Mark 16:15-16 : 15 He said to them,“Go into all the world and preach the gospel to every creature. 16 The one who believes and is baptized will be saved, but the one who does not believe will be condemned.
• Luke 24:47-48 : 47 and repentance for the forgiveness of sins would be proclaimed in his name to all nations, beginning from Jerusalem. 48 You are witnesses of these things.
• John 5:22-29 : 22 Furthermore, the Father does not judge anyone, but has assigned all judgment to the Son, 23 so that all people will honor the Son just as they honor the Father. The one who does not honor the Son does not honor the Father who sent him. 24 “I tell you the solemn truth, the one who hears my message and believes the one who sent me has eternal life and will not be condemned, but has crossed over from death to life. 25 I tell you the solemn truth, a time is coming– and is now here– when the dead will hear the voice of the Son of God, and those who hear will live. 26 For just as the Father has life in himself, thus he has granted the Son to have life in himself, 27 and he has granted the Son authority to execute judgment, because he is the Son of Man. 28 “Do not be amazed at this, because a time is coming when all who are in the tombs will hear his voice 29 and will come out– the ones who have done what is good to the resurrection resulting in life, and the ones who have done what is evil to the resurrection resulting in condemnation.
• Acts 1:2 : 2 until the day he was taken up to heaven, after he had given orders by the Holy Spirit to the apostles he had chosen.
• Acts 1:8 : 8 But you will receive power when the Holy Spirit has come upon you, and you will be my witnesses in Jerusalem, and in all Judea and Samaria, and to the farthest parts of the earth.”
• Acts 4:19-20 : 19 But Peter and John replied,“Whether it is right before God to obey you rather than God, you decide, 20 for it is impossible for us not to speak about what we have seen and heard.”
• Acts 5:20 : 20 “Go and stand in the temple courts and proclaim to the people all the words of this life.”
• Acts 5:29-32 : 29 But Peter and the apostles replied,“We must obey God rather than people. 30 The God of our forefathers raised up Jesus, whom you seized and killed by hanging him on a tree. 31 God exalted him to his right hand as Leader and Savior, to give repentance to Israel and forgiveness of sins. 32 And we are witnesses of these events, and so is the Holy Spirit whom God has given to those who obey him.”
• 2 Tim 4:8 : 8 Finally the crown of righteousness is reserved for me. The Lord, the righteous Judge, will award it to me in that day– and not to me only, but also to all who have set their affection on his appearing.
• Rev 1:7 : 7 (Look! He is returning with the clouds, and every eye will see him, even those who pierced him, and all the tribes on the earth will mourn because of him. This will certainly come to pass! Amen.)
• Rev 20:11-15 : 11 The Great White Throne Then I saw a large white throne and the one who was seated on it; the earth and the heaven fled from his presence, and no place was found for them. 12 And I saw the dead, the great and the small, standing before the throne. Then books were opened, and another book was opened– the book of life. So the dead were judged by what was written in the books, according to their deeds. 13 The sea gave up the dead that were in it, and Death and Hades gave up the dead that were in them, and each one was judged according to his deeds. 14 Then Death and Hades were thrown into the lake of fire. This is the second death– the lake of fire. 15 If anyone’s name was not found written in the book of life, that person was thrown into the lake of fire.
• Rev 22:12 : 12 (Look! I am coming soon, and my reward is with me to pay each one according to what he has done!
• Matt 25:31-46 : 31 The Judgment“When the Son of Man comes in his glory and all the angels with him, then he will sit on his glorious throne. 32 All the nations will be assembled before him, and he will separate people one from another like a shepherd separates the sheep from the goats. 33 He will put the sheep on his right and the goats on his left. 34 Then the king will say to those on his right,‘Come, you who are blessed by my Father, inherit the kingdom prepared for you from the foundation of the world. 35 For I was hungry and you gave me food, I was thirsty and you gave me something to drink, I was a stranger and you invited me in, 36 I was naked and you gave me clothing, I was sick and you took care of me, I was in prison and you visited me.’ 37 Then the righteous will answer him,‘Lord, when did we see you hungry and feed you, or thirsty and give you something to drink? 38 When did we see you a stranger and invite you in, or naked and clothe you? 39 When did we see you sick or in prison and visit you?’ 40 And the king will answer them,‘I tell you the truth, just as you did it for one of the least of these brothers or sisters of mine, you did it for me.’ 41 “Then he will say to those on his left,‘Depart from me, you accursed, into the eternal fire that has been prepared for the devil and his angels! 42 For I was hungry and you gave me nothing to eat, I was thirsty and you gave me nothing to drink. 43 I was a stranger and you did not receive me as a guest, naked and you did not clothe me, sick and in prison and you did not visit me.’ 44 Then they too will answer,‘Lord, when did we see you hungry or thirsty or a stranger or naked or sick or in prison, and did not give you whatever you needed?’ 45 Then he will answer them,‘I tell you the truth, just as you did not do it for one of the least of these, you did not do it for me.’ 46 And these will depart into eternal punishment, but the righteous into eternal life.”
• John 21:21-22 : 21 So when Peter saw him, he asked Jesus,“Lord, what about him?” 22 Jesus replied,“If I want him to live until I come back, what concern is that of yours? You follow me!”