Psalms 148:3

NET Bible® (New English Translation)

Praise him, O sun and moon! Praise him, all you shiny stars!

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

הַֽ֭לְלוּהוּ שֶׁ֣מֶשׁ וְיָרֵ֑חַ הַ֝לְל֗וּהוּ כָּל־כּ֥וֹכְבֵי אֽוֹר׃

Transliteration

Hallelûhû šemeš weyārēaḥ hallelûhû kol-kôkebê ʾôr

Grammar Details

• *Hallelûhû*: imperative plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - praise him
• *šemeš*: noun feminine singular - sun
• *weyārēaḥ*: conjunction + noun masculine singular - and moon
• *hallelûhû*: imperative plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - praise him
• *kol*: construct noun - all of
• *kôkebê*: noun masculine plural construct - stars of
• *ʾôr*: noun masculine singular - light

Word Meanings

• *šemeš*: sun/sunlight
• *yārēaḥ*: moon/lunar body
• *kôkebê*: stars/heavenly bodies
• *ʾôr*: light/brightness/illumination

Referenced Verses

• Ps 19:1-6 : 1 For the music director; a psalm of David. The heavens declare the glory of God; the sky displays his handiwork. 2 Day after day it speaks out; night after night it reveals his greatness. 3 There is no actual speech or word, nor is its voice literally heard. 4 Yet its voice echoes throughout the earth; its words carry to the distant horizon. In the sky he has pitched a tent for the sun. 5 Like a bridegroom it emerges from its chamber; like a strong man it enjoys running its course. 6 It emerges from the distant horizon, and goes from one end of the sky to the other; nothing can escape its heat.
• Ps 89:36-37 : 36 His dynasty will last forever. His throne will endure before me, like the sun, 37 it will remain stable, like the moon, his throne will endure like the skies.”(Selah)
• Ps 136:7-9 : 7 to the one who made the great lights, for his loyal love endures, 8 the sun to rule by day, for his loyal love endures, 9 the moon and stars to rule by night, for his loyal love endures,
• Jer 33:20 : 20 “I, the LORD, make the following promise:‘I have made a covenant with the day and with the night that they will always come at their proper times. Only if you people could break that covenant
• Gen 1:14-16 : 14 God said,“Let there be lights in the expanse of the sky to separate the day from the night, and let them be signs to indicate seasons and days and years, 15 and let them serve as lights in the expanse of the sky to give light on the earth.” It was so. 16 God made two great lights– the greater light to rule over the day and the lesser light to rule over the night. He made the stars also.
• Gen 8:22 : 22 “While the earth continues to exist, planting time and harvest, cold and heat, summer and winter, and day and night will not cease.”
• Deut 4:19 : 19 When you look up to the sky and see the sun, moon, and stars– the whole heavenly creation– you must not be seduced to worship and serve them, for the LORD your God has assigned them to all the people of the world.
• Ps 8:1-3 : 1 For the music director, according to the gittith style; a psalm of David. O LORD, our Lord, how magnificent is your reputation throughout the earth! You reveal your majesty in the heavens above! 2 From the mouths of children and nursing babies you have ordained praise on account of your adversaries, so that you might put an end to the vindictive enemy. 3 When I look up at the heavens, which your fingers made, and see the moon and the stars, which you set in place,