Romans 2:9

NET Bible® (New English Translation)

There will be affliction and distress on everyone who does evil, on the Jew first and also the Greek,

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

Θλῖψις καὶ στενοχωρία, ἐπὶ πᾶσαν ψυχὴν ἀνθρώπου τοῦ κατεργαζομένου τὸ κακόν, Ἰουδαίου τε πρῶτον, καὶ Ἕλληνος·

Transliteration

Thlipsis and stenochōria, upon every psychēn of anthrōpou of the one katergazomenou the kakon, of Ioudaiou te first, and of Hellēnos;

Grammar Details

• *Thlipsis*: noun, nominative, feminine, singular - tribulation/affliction
• *stenochōria*: noun, nominative, feminine, singular - distress/anguish
• *psychēn*: noun, accusative, feminine, singular - soul/life
• *anthrōpou*: noun, genitive, masculine, singular - man/human
• *katergazomenou*: participle, present middle, genitive, masculine, singular - working/producing
• *kakon*: adjective used as noun, accusative, neuter, singular - evil/wrong
• *Ioudaiou*: noun, genitive, masculine, singular - Jew
• *te*: particle - and/both (paired)
• *Hellēnos*: noun, genitive, masculine, singular - Greek/Gentile

Word Meanings

• *Thlipsis*: tribulation/affliction/distress
• *stenochōria*: distress/anguish/calamity
• *psychēn*: soul/life/inner person
• *anthrōpou*: human/person/man
• *katergazomenou*: working/producing/carrying out
• *kakon*: evil/bad/wrong
• *Ioudaiou*: Jew/Jewish person
• *Hellēnos*: Greek/Gentile/non-Jewish person

Referenced Verses

• 1 Pet 4:17 : 17 For it is time for judgment to begin, starting with the house of God. And if it starts with us, what will be the fate of those who are disobedient to the gospel of God?
• Rom 9:24 : 24 even us, whom he has called, not only from the Jews but also from the Gentiles?
• Rom 15:8-9 : 8 For I tell you that Christ has become a servant of the circumcised on behalf of God’s truth to confirm the promises made to the fathers, 9 and thus the Gentiles glorify God for his mercy. As it is written,“Because of this I will confess you among the Gentiles, and I will sing praises to your name.”
• Luke 24:47 : 47 and repentance for the forgiveness of sins would be proclaimed in his name to all nations, beginning from Jerusalem.
• Acts 3:26 : 26 God raised up his servant and sent him first to you, to bless you by turning each one of you from your iniquities.”
• Acts 13:46-47 : 46 Both Paul and Barnabas replied courageously,“It was necessary to speak the word of God to you first. Since you reject it and do not consider yourselves worthy of eternal life, we are turning to the Gentiles. 47 For this is what the Lord has commanded us:‘I have appointed you to be a light for the Gentiles, to bring salvation to the ends of the earth.’”
• Acts 18:5-6 : 5 Now when Silas and Timothy arrived from Macedonia, Paul became wholly absorbed with proclaiming the word, testifying to the Jews that Jesus was the Christ. 6 When they opposed him and reviled him, he protested by shaking out his clothes and said to them,“Your blood be on your own heads! I am guiltless! From now on I will go to the Gentiles!”
• Rom 1:16 : 16 The Power of the Gospel For I am not ashamed of the gospel, for it is God’s power for salvation to everyone who believes, to the Jew first and also to the Greek.
• Rom 2:10 : 10 but glory and honor and peace for everyone who does good, for the Jew first and also the Greek.
• Rom 3:29-30 : 29 Or is God the God of the Jews only? Is he not the God of the Gentiles too? Yes, of the Gentiles too! 30 Since God is one, he will justify the circumcised by faith and the uncircumcised through faith.
• Rom 4:9-9 : 9 Is this blessedness then for the circumcision or also for the uncircumcision? For we say,“faith was credited to Abraham as righteousness.” 10 How then was it credited to him? Was he circumcised at the time, or not? No, he was not circumcised but uncircumcised! 11 And he received the sign of circumcision as a seal of the righteousness that he had by faith while he was still uncircumcised, so that he would become the father of all those who believe but have never been circumcised, that they too could have righteousness credited to them. 12 And he is also the father of the circumcised, who are not only circumcised, but who also walk in the footsteps of the faith that our father Abraham possessed when he was still uncircumcised.
• Acts 20:21 : 21 testifying to both Jews and Greeks about repentance toward God and faith in our Lord Jesus.
• Acts 26:20 : 20 but I declared to those in Damascus first, and then to those in Jerusalem and in all Judea, and to the Gentiles, that they should repent and turn to God, performing deeds consistent with repentance.
• Acts 28:17 : 17 Paul Addresses the Jewish Community in Rome After three days Paul called the local Jewish leaders together. When they had assembled, he said to them,“Brothers, although I had done nothing against our people or the customs of our ancestors, from Jerusalem I was handed over as a prisoner to the Romans.
• Acts 28:28 : 28 “Therefore be advised that this salvation from God has been sent to the Gentiles; they will listen!”
• Acts 11:18 : 18 When they heard this, they ceased their objections and praised God, saying,“So then, God has granted the repentance that leads to life even to the Gentiles.”
• Acts 13:26 : 26 Brothers, descendants of Abraham’s family, and those Gentiles among you who fear God, the message of this salvation has been sent to us.
• Prov 1:27-28 : 27 when what you dread comes like a whirlwind, and disaster strikes you like a devastating storm, when distressing trouble comes on you. 28 Then they will call to me, but I will not answer; they will diligently seek me, but they will not find me.
• Ezek 18:4 : 4 Indeed! All lives are mine– the life of the father as well as the life of the son is mine. The one who sins will die.
• Amos 3:2 : 2 “I have chosen you alone from all the clans of the earth. Therefore I will punish you for all your sins.”
• Matt 11:20-24 : 20 Woes on Unrepentant Cities Then Jesus began to criticize openly the cities in which he had done many of his miracles, because they did not repent. 21 “Woe to you, Chorazin! Woe to you, Bethsaida! If the miracles done in you had been done in Tyre and Sidon, they would have repented long ago in sackcloth and ashes. 22 But I tell you, it will be more bearable for Tyre and Sidon on the day of judgment than for you! 23 And you, Capernaum, will you be exalted to heaven? No, you will be thrown down to Hades! For if the miracles done among you had been done in Sodom, it would have continued to this day. 24 But I tell you, it will be more bearable for the region of Sodom on the day of judgment than for you!”
• Matt 16:26 : 26 For what does it benefit a person if he gains the whole world but forfeits his life? Or what can a person give in exchange for his life?
• Luke 2:30-32 : 30 For my eyes have seen your salvation 31 that you have prepared in the presence of all peoples: 32 a light, for revelation to the Gentiles, and for glory to your people Israel.”
• Luke 12:47-48 : 47 That servant who knew his master’s will but did not get ready or do what his master asked will receive a severe beating. 48 But the one who did not know his master’s will and did things worthy of punishment will receive a light beating. From everyone who has been given much, much will be required, and from the one who has been entrusted with much, even more will be asked.
• Gal 2:15-16 : 15 The Justification of Jews and Gentiles We are Jews by birth and not Gentile sinners, 16 yet we know that no one is justified by the works of the law but by the faithfulness of Jesus Christ. And we have come to believe in Christ Jesus, so that we may be justified by the faithfulness of Christ and not by the works of the law, because by the works of the law no one will be justified.
• Gal 3:28 : 28 There is neither Jew nor Greek, there is neither slave nor free, there is neither male nor female– for all of you are one in Christ Jesus.
• Eph 2:11-17 : 11 New Life Corporately Therefore remember that formerly you, the Gentiles in the flesh– who are called“uncircumcision” by the so-called“circumcision” that is performed on the body by human hands– 12 that you were at that time without the Messiah, alienated from the citizenship of Israel and strangers to the covenants of promise, having no hope and without God in the world. 13 But now in Christ Jesus you who used to be far away have been brought near by the blood of Christ. 14 For he is our peace, the one who made both groups into one and who destroyed the middle wall of partition, the hostility, 15 when he nullified in his flesh the law of commandments in decrees. He did this to create in himself one new man out of two, thus making peace, 16 and to reconcile them both in one body to God through the cross, by which the hostility has been killed. 17 And he came and preached peace to you who were far off and peace to those who were near,
• Col 3:11 : 11 Here there is neither Greek nor Jew, circumcised or uncircumcised, barbarian, Scythian, slave or free, but Christ is all and in all.
• 2 Thess 1:6 : 6 For it is right for God to repay with affliction those who afflict you,
• Rom 10:12 : 12 For there is no distinction between the Jew and the Greek, for the same Lord is Lord of all, who richly blesses all who call on him.