Luke 18:13

Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

`And the tax-gatherer, having stood afar off, would not even the eyes lift up to the heaven, but was smiting on his breast, saying, God be propitious to me -- the sinner!

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

Καὶ ὁ τελώνης, μακρόθεν ἑστὼς, οὐκ ἤθελεν οὐδὲ τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς εἰς τὸν οὐρανὸν ἐπᾶραι, ἀλλʼ ἔτυπτεν εἰς τὸ στῆθος αὐτοῦ, λέγων, Ὁ Θεός ἱλάσθητί μοι τῷ ἁμαρτωλῷ.

Transliteration

And the telōnēs, from-afar hestōs, not ēthelen not-even the ophthalmous into the ouranon eparai, but etypen into the stēthos of-him, legōn, The Theos hilasthēti to-me the hamartōlō.

Grammar Details

• *telōnēs*: nominative masculine singular - tax collector
• *hestōs*: perfect active participle, nominative masculine singular - standing
• *ēthelen*: imperfect active indicative, 3rd person singular - was willing
• *ophthalmous*: accusative masculine plural - eyes
• *ouranon*: accusative masculine singular - heaven/sky
• *eparai*: aorist active infinitive - to lift up/raise
• *etypen*: imperfect active indicative, 3rd person singular - was beating/striking
• *stēthos*: accusative neuter singular - chest/breast
• *legōn*: present active participle, nominative masculine singular - saying
• *Theos*: nominative masculine singular - God
• *hilasthēti*: aorist passive imperative, 2nd person singular - be merciful/propitious
• *hamartōlō*: dative masculine singular - sinner

Word Meanings

• *telōnēs*: tax collector/publican
• *hestōs*: standing/having stood
• *ēthelen*: was willing/wanted/desired
• *eparai*: to lift up/to raise
• *etypen*: was beating/was striking [repeatedly]
• *stēthos*: chest/breast
• *hilasthēti*: be merciful/be propitious/make atonement for
• *hamartōlō*: sinner/sinful person

Referenced Verses

• Ezra 9:6 : 6 and say, `O my God, I have been ashamed, and have blushed to lift up, O my God, my face unto Thee, for our iniquities have increased over the head, and our guilt hath become great unto the heavens.
• Luke 23:48 : 48 and all the multitudes who were come together to this sight, beholding the things that came to pass, smiting their breasts did turn back;
• Acts 2:37 : 37 And having heard, they were pricked to the heart; they say also to Peter, and to the rest of the apostles, `What shall we do, men, brethren?'
• Rom 5:8 : 8 and God doth commend His own love to us, that, in our being still sinners, Christ did die for us;
• 1 Tim 1:15 : 15 stedfast `is' the word, and of all acceptation worthy, that Christ Jesus came to the world to save sinners -- first of whom I am;
• Heb 4:16 : 16 we may come near, then, with freedom, to the throne of the grace, that we may receive kindness, and find grace -- for seasonable help.
• Luke 23:40-43 : 40 And the other answering, was rebuking him, saying, `Dost thou not even fear God, that thou art in the same judgment? 41 and we indeed righteously, for things worthy of what we did we receive back, but this one did nothing out of place;' 42 and he said to Jesus, `Remember me, lord, when thou mayest come in thy reign;' 43 and Jesus said to him, `Verily I say to thee, To-day with me thou shalt be in the paradise.'
• 1 John 1:8-9 : 8 if we may say -- `we have not sin,' ourselves we lead astray, and the truth is not in us; 9 if we may confess our sins, stedfast He is and righteous that He may forgive us the sins, and may cleanse us from every unrighteousness; 10 if we may say -- `we have not sinned,' a liar we make Him, and His word is not in us.
• Ezek 16:63 : 63 So that thou dost remember, And thou hast been ashamed, And there is not to thee any more an opening of the mouth because of thy shame, In My receiving atonement for thee, For all that thou hast done, An affirmation of the Lord Jehovah!'
• Isa 64:5-6 : 5 Thou hast met with the rejoicer And the doer of righteousness, In Thy ways they remember Thee, Lo, Thou hast been wroth when we sin, By them `is' continuance, and we are saved. 6 And we are as unclean -- all of us, And as a garment passing away, all our righteous acts; And we fade as a leaf -- all of us. And our iniquities as wind do take us away.
• Jer 31:18-19 : 18 I have surely heard Ephraim bemoaning himself, `Thou hast chastised me, And I am chastised, as a heifer not taught, Turn me back, and I turn back, For thou `art' Jehovah my God. 19 For after my turning back I repented, And after my being instructed I struck on the thigh, I have been ashamed, I have also blushed, For I have borne the reproach of my youth.
• Luke 5:8 : 8 And Simon Peter having seen, fell down at the knees of Jesus, saying, `Depart from me, because I am a sinful man, O lord;'
• Luke 7:6-7 : 6 And Jesus was going on with them, and now when he is not far distant from the house the centurion sent unto him friends, saying to him, `Sir, be not troubled, for I am not worthy that under my roof thou mayest enter; 7 wherefore not even myself thought I worthy to come unto thee, but say in a word, and my lad shall be healed;
• Luke 15:18-21 : 18 having risen, I will go on unto my father, and will say to him, Father, I did sin -- to the heaven, and before thee, 19 and no more am I worthy to be called thy son; make me as one of thy hirelings. 20 `And having risen, he went unto his own father, and he being yet far distant, his father saw him, and was moved with compassion, and having ran he fell upon his neck and kissed him; 21 and the son said to him, Father, I did sin -- to the heaven, and before thee, and no more am I worthy to be called thy son.
• Luke 17:12 : 12 and he entering into a certain village, there met him ten leprous men, who stood afar off,
• Rom 5:20-21 : 20 And law came in, that the offence might abound, and where the sin did abound, the grace did overabound, 21 that even as the sin did reign in the death, so also the grace may reign, through righteousness, to life age-during, through Jesus Christ our Lord.
• 2 Cor 7:11 : 11 for, lo, this same thing -- your being made sorry toward God -- how much diligence it doth work in you! but defence, but displeasure, but fear, but longing desire, but zeal, but revenge; in every thing ye did approve yourselves to be pure in the matter.
• Heb 8:12 : 12 because I will be merciful to their unrighteousness, and their sins and their lawlessnesses I will remember no more;' --
• 2 Chr 33:12-13 : 12 And when he is in distress he hath appeased the face of Jehovah his God, and is humbled exceedingly before the God of his fathers, 13 and prayeth unto Him, and He is entreated of him, and heareth his supplication, and bringeth him back to Jerusalem, to his kingdom, and Manasseh knoweth that Jehovah -- He `is' God.
• 2 Chr 33:19 : 19 and his prayer, and his entreaty, and all his sin, and his trespass, and the places in which he had built high places, and established the shrines and the graven images before his being humbled, lo, they are written beside the matters of Hozai.
• 2 Chr 33:23 : 23 and hath not been humbled before Jehovah, like the humbling of Manasseh his father, for Amon himself hath multiplied guilt.
• Dan 9:5 : 5 we have sinned, and done perversely, and done wickedly, and rebelled, to turn aside from Thy commands, and from Thy judgments:
• Dan 9:7-9 : 7 `To Thee, O Lord, `is' the righteousness, and to us the shame of face, as `at' this day, to the men of Judah, and to the inhabitants of Jerusalem, and to all Israel, who are near, and who are far off, in all the lands whither Thou hast driven them, in their trespass that they have trespassed against Thee. 8 `O Lord, to us `is' the shame of face, to our kings, to our heads, and to our fathers, in that we have sinned against Thee. 9 `To the Lord our God `are' the mercies and the forgivenesses, for we have rebelled against Him, 10 and have not hearkened to the voice of Jehovah our God, to walk in His laws, that He hath set before us by the hand of His servants the prophets; 11 and all Israel have transgressed Thy law, to turn aside so as not to hearken to Thy voice; and poured on us is the execration, and the oath, that is written in the law of Moses, servant of God, because we have sinned against Him.
• Dan 9:18-19 : 18 `Incline, O my God, Thine ear, and hear, open Thine eyes and see our desolations, and the city on which Thy name is called; for not for our righteous acts are we causing our supplications to fall before Thee, but for Thy mercies that `are' many. 19 O lord, hear, O Lord, forgive; O Lord, attend and do; do not delay, for Thine own sake, O my God, for Thy name is called on Thy city, and on Thy people.'
• Matt 9:13 : 13 but having gone, learn ye what is, Kindness I will, and not sacrifice, for I did not come to call righteous men, but sinners, to reformation.'
• Job 42:6 : 6 Therefore do I loathe `it', And I have repented on dust and ashes.
• Ps 25:7 : 7 Sins of my youth, and my transgressions, Do not Thou remember. According to Thy kindness be mindful of me, For Thy goodness' sake, O Jehovah.
• Ps 25:11 : 11 For Thy name's sake, O Jehovah, Thou hast pardoned mine iniquity, for it `is' great.
• Ps 40:12 : 12 For compassed me have evils innumerable, Overtaken me have mine iniquities, And I have not been able to see; They have been more than the hairs of my head, And my heart hath forsaken me.
• Ps 41:4 : 4 I -- I said, `O Jehovah, favour me, Heal my soul, for I did sin against Thee,'
• Ps 51:1-3 : 1 To the Overseer. -- A Psalm of David, in the coming inn unto him of Nathan the prophet, when he hath gone in unto Bath-Sheba. Favour me, O God, according to Thy kindness, According to the abundance of Thy mercies, Blot out my transgressions. 2 Thoroughly wash me from mine iniquity, And from my sin cleanse me, 3 For my transgressions I do know, And my sin `is' before me continually.
• Ps 86:15-16 : 15 And Thou, O Lord, `art' God, merciful and gracious, Slow to anger, and abundant in kindness and truth. 16 Look unto me, and favour me, Give Thy strength to Thy servant, And give salvation to a son of Thine handmaid.
• Ps 106:6 : 6 We have sinned with our fathers, We have done perversely, we have done wickedly.
• Ps 119:41 : 41 `Waw.' And meet me doth Thy kindness, O Jehovah, Thy salvation according to Thy saying.
• Ps 130:3-4 : 3 If iniquities Thou dost observe, O Lord, who doth stand? 4 But with Thee `is' forgiveness, that Thou mayest be feared.
• Ps 130:7 : 7 Israel doth wait on Jehovah, For with Jehovah `is' kindness, And abundant with Him `is' redemption.
• Isa 1:18 : 18 Come, I pray you, and we reason, saith Jehovah, If your sins are as scarlet, as snow they shall be white, If they are red as crimson, as wool they shall be!
• Isa 6:5 : 5 And I say, `Wo to me, for I have been silent, For a man -- unclean of lips `am' I, And in midst of a people unclean of lips I am dwelling, Because the King, Jehovah of Hosts, have my eyes seen.'