Verse 15

{ "verseID": "Ezekiel.27.15", "source": "בְּנֵ֤י דְדָן֙ רֹֽכְלַ֔יִךְ אִיִּ֥ים רַבִּ֖ים סְחֹרַ֣ת יָדֵ֑ךְ קַרְנ֥וֹת שֵׁן֙ וְהָבְנִ֔ים הֵשִׁ֖יבוּ אֶשְׁכָּרֵֽךְ׃", "text": "*bənê* *Dədān* *rōkəlayik* *ʾiyyîm* many *səḥōrat* *yādēk*; *qarnôt* *šēn* and-*hābnîm* *hēšîbû* *ʾeškārēk*", "grammar": { "*bənê*": "construct state, masculine plural - sons of", "*Dədān*": "proper noun - Dedan", "*rōkəlayik*": "masculine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your merchants", "*ʾiyyîm*": "masculine plural - islands/coastlands", "*səḥōrat*": "construct state, feminine singular - merchandise of", "*yādēk*": "feminine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your hand", "*qarnôt*": "construct state, feminine plural - horns of", "*šēn*": "feminine singular - ivory/tooth", "*hābnîm*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - ebony/black wood", "*hēšîbû*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd plural - they returned/brought back", "*ʾeškārēk*": "masculine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your payment" }, "variants": { "*bənê*": "sons/men/people of", "*səḥōrat yādēk*": "merchandise of your hand/trade under your control", "*qarnôt šēn*": "horns of ivory/ivory tusks", "*hābnîm*": "ebony/black wood", "*hēšîbû*": "they returned/brought back/paid", "*ʾeškārēk*": "your payment/tribute/present" } }

Other Translations

• GT, oversatt fra Hebraisk

  Dedans sønner handlet med deg; mange kystfolk var kjøpmenn for dine produkter. De byttet med deg elefantbein og ibenholt.

• Moderne oversettelse av Bibelen fra 1611 KJV med hebraisk kontekst

  Dedans menn var dine handelsmenn; mange øyer var kjøpmenn ved din hånd. De brakte deg i betaling elfenben og ibenholt.

• Norsk King James

  Mennene fra Dedan var dine handelsmenn; mange øyer brakte varer til deg: de ga deg elfenbenshorn og ebenholt som gaver.

• Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866

  Dedans folk var dine handelsfolk, og mange kystland var ditt marked; de betalte deg med elfenben og ibenholt.

• Oversettelse av hebraiske Bibeltekster til moderne norsk bokmål

  Dedans etterkommere handlet med deg, mange øyer som kjøpmenn. De betalte med elfenben og ibenholt for strømmen av din handel.

• Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611

  Mennene fra Dedan var dine kjøpmenn; mange øyer var din handelsvare: de brakte deg som gave, horn av elfenben og ibenholt.

• o3-mini KJV Norsk

  Mennene fra Dedan var dine kjøpmenn; din handel omfattet mange øyer, og de brakte deg gaver i form av horn av elfenben og ebony.

• En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)

  Mennene fra Dedan var dine kjøpmenn; mange øyer var din handelsvare: de brakte deg som gave, horn av elfenben og ibenholt.

• Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst

  Dedans sønner handlet med deg. Mange kyster var din merkevare. De byttet elfenben og ibenholt for din betaling.

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  The men of Dedan were your merchants; many coastlands were your clients; they paid you with ivory tusks and ebony wood as your payments.

• GT, oversatt fra hebraisk Aug2024

  Dedans sønner handlet med deg; mange kystland handlet på ditt marked; de førte deg elfenben og ibenholt som betaling.

• Original Norsk Bibel 1866

  Dedans Børn vare dine Kræmmere, din Haands Handel var paa mange Øer; de gjengave dig Horn af Elfenbeen og Ebentræ til Betaling.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  The men of Dedan were thy merchants; many isles were the merchandise of thine hand: they brought thee for a present horns of ivory and ebony.

• KJV 1769 norsk

  Mennene fra Dedan var dine handelsmenn; mange øyer var i handel med deg: de brakte deg i gave elfenbenshorn og ibenholt.

• KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk

  The men of Dedan were your merchants; many islands were the merchandise of your hand: they brought you in exchange horns of ivory and ebony.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  The men of Dedan were thy merchants; many isles were the merchandise of thine hand: they brought thee for a present horns of ivory and ebony.

• Norsk oversettelse av Webster

  Mennene fra Dedan handlet med deg; mange øyer var markedet for ditt håndverk: de brakte deg i bytte elfenben og ibenholt.

• Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation

  Dedans sønner er dine handelsmenn, mange øyer er markedsplassen for deg, horn av elfenben og ibenholt sendte de tilbake som betaling.

• Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901

  Mennene fra Dedan var dine handelsfolk; mange øyer var marked for dine hender: de brakte deg i bytte elfenben og ibenholt.

• Norsk oversettelse av BBE

  Mennene fra Rodan var dine handelsmenn: et stort antall sjøfolk handlet med deg: de ga deg elfenbenshorn og ibenholt som gaver.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  They off Dedan were thy marchautes: and many other Iles that occupyed with the, brought the wethers, elephat bones and Paycockes for a present

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  The men of Dedan were thy marchantes: and the marchandise of many yles were in thine handes: they brought thee for a present hornes, teeth, and peacockes.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  They of Dedan were thy marchaunts, and many iles the marchaundise of thy handes, & brought thee hornes, teeth, and Hebenus, for presentes.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  The men of Dedan [were] thy merchants; many isles [were] the merchandise of thine hand: they brought thee [for] a present horns of ivory and ebony.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  The men of Dedan were your traffickers; many isles were the market of your hand: they brought you in exchange horns of ivory and ebony.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  Sons of Dedan `are' thy merchants, Many isles `are' the mart of thy hand, Horns of ivory and ebony they sent back thy reward.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  The men of Dedan were thy traffickers; many isles were the mart of thy hand: they brought thee in exchange horns of ivory and ebony.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  The men of Rodan were your traders: a great number of sea-lands did business with you: they gave you horns of ivory and ebony as an offering.

• World English Bible (2000)

  The men of Dedan were your traffickers; many islands were the market of your hand: they brought you in exchange horns of ivory and ebony.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  The Dedanites were your clients. Many coastlands were your customers; they paid you with ivory tusks and ebony.

Referenced Verses

• Gen 10:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Genesis.10.7", "source": "וּבְנֵ֣י כ֔וּשׁ סְבָא֙ וֽ͏ַחֲוִילָ֔ה וְסַבְתָּ֥ה וְרַעְמָ֖ה וְסַבְתְּכָ֑א וּבְנֵ֥י רַעְמָ֖ה שְׁבָ֥א וּדְדָֽן׃", "text": "And *bənê Kûš Səbāʾ waḤăwîlāh wəSabtāh wəRaʿəmāh wəSabtəkāʾ* and *bənê Raʿəmāh Šəbāʾ ûDədān*", "grammar": { "*û-bənê*": "conjunction wə- + masculine plural noun, construct state - and sons of", "*Kûš*": "proper noun - Cush", "*Səbāʾ*": "proper noun - Seba", "*wa-Ḥăwîlāh*": "conjunction wə- + proper noun - and Havilah", "*wə-Sabtāh*": "conjunction wə- + proper noun - and Sabtah", "*wə-Raʿəmāh*": "conjunction wə- + proper noun - and Raamah", "*wə-Sabtəkāʾ*": "conjunction wə- + proper noun - and Sabteca", "*û-bənê*": "conjunction wə- + masculine plural noun, construct state - and sons of", "*Raʿəmāh*": "proper noun - Raamah", "*Šəbāʾ*": "proper noun - Sheba", "*û-Dədān*": "conjunction wə- + proper noun - and Dedan" }, "variants": { "*bənê*": "sons/descendants" } }
• 1 Kgs 10:22 : 22 { "verseID": "1 Kings.10.22", "source": "כִּי֩ אֳנִ֨י תַרְשִׁ֤ישׁ לַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ בַּיָּ֔ם עִ֖ם אֳנִ֣י חִירָ֑ם אַחַת֩ לְשָׁלֹ֨שׁ שָׁנִ֜ים תָּב֣וֹא ׀ אֳנִ֣י תַרְשִׁ֗ישׁ נֹֽשְׂאֵת֙ זָהָ֣ב וָכֶ֔סֶף שֶׁנְהַבִּ֥ים וְקֹפִ֖ים וְתֻכִּיִּֽים׃", "text": "For *oni* *Tarshish* to the *melek* in the *yam* with *oni* *Ḥiram*; once in *shalosh* *shanim* *tavo* *oni* *Tarshish* *noseʾt* *zahav* and *kesef*, *shenhabbim* and *qofim* and *tukkiyyim*.", "grammar": { "*oni*": "noun, feminine, singular construct - ships of", "*Tarshish*": "proper noun - Tarshish", "*melek*": "noun, masculine, singular - king", "*yam*": "noun, masculine, singular - sea", "*Ḥiram*": "proper noun - Hiram", "*shalosh*": "number, feminine - three", "*shanim*": "noun, feminine plural - years", "*tavo*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - it came", "*noseʾt*": "Qal participle, feminine singular - carrying", "*zahav*": "noun, masculine, singular - gold", "*kesef*": "noun, masculine, singular - silver", "*shenhabbim*": "noun, masculine plural - ivory/elephant tusks", "*qofim*": "noun, masculine plural - apes/monkeys", "*tukkiyyim*": "noun, masculine plural - peacocks/baboons" }, "variants": { "*oni*": "ships/fleet", "*noseʾt*": "carrying/bearing/bringing", "*shenhabbim*": "ivory/elephant tusks", "*qofim*": "apes/monkeys", "*tukkiyyim*": "peacocks/baboons/exotic birds" } }
• Rev 18:12 : 12 { "verseID": "Revelation.18.12", "source": "Γόμον χρυσοῦ, καὶ ἀργύρου, καὶ λίθου τιμίου, καὶ μαργαριτῶν, καὶ βύσσου, καὶ πορφύρας, καὶ σηρικοῦ, καὶ κοκκίνου, καὶ πᾶν ξύλον θύϊνον, καὶ πᾶν σκεῦος ἐλεφάντινον, καὶ πᾶν σκεῦος ἐκ ξύλου τιμιωτάτου, καὶ χαλκοῦ, καὶ σιδήρου, καὶ μαρμάρου,", "text": "*Gomon* of *chrysou*, and of *argyrou*, and of *lithou timiou*, and of *margaritōn*, and of *byssou*, and of *porphyras*, and of *sērikou*, and of *kokkinou*, and every *xylon thyïnon*, and every *skeuos elephantinon*, and every *skeuos* of *xylou timiōtatou*, and of *chalkou*, and of *sidērou*, and of *marmarou*,", "grammar": { "*gomon*": "noun, accusative, masculine, singular - cargo/merchandise", "*chrysou*": "noun, genitive, masculine, singular - gold", "*argyrou*": "noun, genitive, masculine, singular - silver", "*lithou timiou*": "noun + adjective, genitive, masculine, singular - precious stone", "*margaritōn*": "noun, genitive, masculine, plural - pearls", "*byssou*": "noun, genitive, feminine, singular - fine linen", "*porphyras*": "noun, genitive, feminine, singular - purple cloth", "*sērikou*": "noun, genitive, neuter, singular - silk", "*kokkinou*": "adjective used as noun, genitive, neuter, singular - scarlet cloth", "*pan*": "adjective, nominative, neuter, singular - every/all", "*xylon thyïnon*": "noun + adjective, nominative, neuter, singular - citron/thyine wood", "*skeuos*": "noun, nominative, neuter, singular - vessel/article", "*elephantinon*": "adjective, nominative, neuter, singular - of ivory", "*ek*": "preposition + genitive - from/of", "*xylou timiōtatou*": "noun + adjective, genitive, neuter, singular - most costly/precious wood", "*chalkou*": "noun, genitive, masculine, singular - bronze/copper", "*sidērou*": "noun, genitive, masculine, singular - iron", "*marmarou*": "noun, genitive, masculine, singular - marble" }, "variants": { "*gomon*": "cargo/merchandise/freight", "*chrysou*": "gold", "*argyrou*": "silver", "*lithou timiou*": "precious stone/gemstone", "*margaritōn*": "pearls", "*byssou*": "fine linen/expensive cloth", "*porphyras*": "purple cloth/purple-dyed material", "*sērikou*": "silk/silken fabric", "*kokkinou*": "scarlet cloth/red fabric", "*xylon thyïnon*": "citron wood/thyine wood/scented wood", "*skeuos*": "vessel/article/container/object", "*elephantinon*": "of ivory/ivory-made", "*xylou timiōtatou*": "most costly wood/most precious wood", "*chalkou*": "bronze/copper/brass", "*sidērou*": "iron", "*marmarou*": "marble" } }
• Ezek 27:20 : 20 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.27.20", "source": "דְּדָן֙ רֹֽכַלְתֵּ֔ךְ בְבִגְדֵי־חֹ֖פֶשׁ לְרִכְבָּֽה׃", "text": "*Dədān* *rōkaltēk* in-*bigdê*-*ḥōpeš* *lərikbāh*", "grammar": { "*Dədān*": "proper noun - Dedan", "*rōkaltēk*": "feminine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your merchant", "*bigdê*": "construct state, masculine plural - clothes of", "*ḥōpeš*": "masculine singular - freedom/leisure/finery", "*lərikbāh*": "preposition + feminine singular - for riding/for chariots" }, "variants": { "*rōkaltēk*": "your merchant/trader", "*bigdê-ḥōpeš*": "clothes of freedom/valuable garments/fancy clothes", "*lərikbāh*": "for riding/for saddles/for chariots" } }
• Jer 25:23 : 23 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.25.23", "source": "וְאֶת־דְּדָ֤ן וְאֶת־תֵּימָא֙ וְאֶת־בּ֔וּז וְאֵ֖ת כָּל־קְצוּצֵ֥י פֵאָֽה׃", "text": "And *ʾet*-*Dədān* and *ʾet*-*Têmāʾ* and *ʾet*-*Bûz* and *ʾēt* all-*qəṣûṣê* *pēʾâ*.", "grammar": { "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*Dədān*": "proper noun - Dedan", "*Têmāʾ*": "proper noun - Tema", "*Bûz*": "proper noun - Buz", "*qəṣûṣê*": "Qal passive participle, masculine plural construct - ones cut off of", "*pēʾâ*": "feminine singular noun - corner/side/edge" }, "variants": { "*qəṣûṣê pēʾâ*": "ones with corners [of hair] cut/those who clip the corners [of their hair]/edge dwellers" } }
• Jer 49:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.49.8", "source": "נֻ֤סוּ הָפְנוּ֙ הֶעְמִ֣יקוּ לָשֶׁ֔בֶת יֹשְׁבֵ֖י דְּדָ֑ן כִּ֣י אֵ֥יד עֵשָׂ֛ו הֵבֵ֥אתִי עָלָ֖יו עֵ֥ת פְּקַדְתִּֽיו׃", "text": "*Nusû* *hop̱nû* *heʿmîqû* *lāšebet* *yōšbê* *dədān*, because *ʾêd* *ʿēśāw* *hēbētî* upon him *ʿēt* *pəqadtîw*.", "grammar": { "*nusû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - flee", "*hop̱nû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - turn around", "*heʿmîqû*": "hiphil imperative, masculine plural - go deep/dwell deeply", "*lāšebet*": "qal infinitive construct + prefix - to dwell", "*yōšbê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - inhabitants of", "*dədān*": "proper noun - Dedan (region/tribe)", "*ʾêd*": "masculine singular noun - calamity/disaster", "*ʿēśāw*": "proper noun - Esau (progenitor of Edom)", "*hēbētî*": "hiphil perfect, 1st person singular - I have brought", "*ʿēt*": "feminine singular noun - time", "*pəqadtîw*": "qal perfect, 1st person singular + 3ms suffix - I visit/punish him" }, "variants": { "*ʾêd*": "calamity/disaster/destruction", "*heʿmîqû*": "go deep/dwell deeply/make deep", "*pəqadtîw*": "I visit/punish/inspect him" } }
• Ezek 25:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.25.13", "source": "לָכֵ֗ן כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֔ה וְנָטִ֤תִי יָדִי֙ עַל־אֱד֔וֹם וְהִכְרַתִּ֥י מִמֶּ֖נָּה אָדָ֣ם וּבְהֵמָ֑ה וּנְתַתִּ֤יהָ חָרְבָּה֙ מִתֵּימָ֔ן וּדְדָ֖נֶה בַּחֶ֥רֶב יִפֹּֽלוּ׃", "text": "*lākēn* *kōh* *ʾāmar* *ʾădōnāy* *YHWH* *wənāṭîtî* *yādî* *ʿal*-*ʾĕdôm* *wəhikrattî* *mimmennâ* *ʾādām* *ûbəhēmâ* *ûnətattîhā* *ḥārbâ* *mittêmān* *ûdədāneh* *baḥereb* *yippōlû*", "grammar": { "*lākēn*": "conjunction - therefore", "*kōh*": "adverb - thus", "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - says", "*ʾădōnāy* *YHWH*": "divine title + name - Lord YHWH/Sovereign LORD", "*wənāṭîtî*": "waw conjunction + qal perfect, 1st common singular - and I will stretch out", "*yādî*": "noun feminine singular construct + 1st common singular suffix - my hand", "*ʿal*-*ʾĕdôm*": "preposition + proper noun - against Edom", "*wəhikrattî*": "waw conjunction + hiphil perfect, 1st common singular - and I will cut off", "*mimmennâ*": "preposition + 3rd feminine singular suffix - from it", "*ʾādām*": "noun masculine singular - man", "*ûbəhēmâ*": "waw conjunction + noun feminine singular - and beast", "*ûnətattîhā*": "waw conjunction + qal perfect, 1st common singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - and I will make it", "*ḥārbâ*": "noun feminine singular - a ruin/waste", "*mittêmān*": "preposition + proper noun - from Teman", "*ûdədāneh*": "waw conjunction + proper noun - and Dedan", "*baḥereb*": "preposition + definite article + noun feminine singular - by the sword", "*yippōlû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they will fall" }, "variants": { "*wənāṭîtî* *yādî*": "I will stretch out my hand/I will extend my power", "*hikrattî* *mimmennâ* *ʾādām* *ûbəhēmâ*": "I will cut off from it man and beast/I will eliminate both humans and animals", "*ḥārbâ*": "desolation/ruins/wasteland", "*mittêmān* *ûdədāneh*": "from Teman to Dedan/across the whole territory" } }
• 1 Chr 1:9 : 9 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.1.9", "source": "וּבְנֵ֣י כ֔וּשׁ סְבָא֙ וַחֲוִילָ֔ה וְסַבְתָּ֥א וְרַעְמָ֖א וְסַבְתְּכָ֑א וּבְנֵ֥י רַעְמָ֖א שְׁבָ֥א וּדְדָֽן׃ ס", "text": "*û-bənê* *Kûš* *Səbāʾ* *wa-Ḥăwîlâ* *wə-Sabtāʾ* *wə-Raʿmāʾ* *wə-Sabtəkāʾ* *û-bənê* *Raʿmāʾ* *Šəbāʾ* *û-Dədān*", "grammar": { "*û-bənê*": "conjunction + noun, masculine, plural construct - and sons of", "*Kûš*": "proper noun, masculine, singular - Cush", "*Səbāʾ*": "proper noun, masculine, singular - Seba", "*wa-Ḥăwîlâ*": "conjunction + proper noun, masculine, singular - and Havilah", "*wə-Sabtāʾ*": "conjunction + proper noun, masculine, singular - and Sabta", "*wə-Raʿmāʾ*": "conjunction + proper noun, masculine, singular - and Raamah", "*wə-Sabtəkāʾ*": "conjunction + proper noun, masculine, singular - and Sabteca", "*û-bənê*": "conjunction + noun, masculine, plural construct - and sons of", "*Raʿmāʾ*": "proper noun, masculine, singular - Raamah", "*Šəbāʾ*": "proper noun, masculine, singular - Sheba", "*û-Dədān*": "conjunction + proper noun, masculine, singular - and Dedan", "ס": "paragraph marker" }, "variants": { "*û-bənê*": "and sons of/and descendants of" } }
• 1 Chr 1:32 : 32 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.1.32", "source": "וּבְנֵ֨י קְטוּרָ֜ה פִּילֶ֣גֶשׁ אַבְרָהָ֗ם יָלְדָ֞ה אֶת־זִמְרָ֧ן וְיָקְשָׁ֛ן וּמְדָ֥ן וּמִדְיָ֖ן וְיִשְׁבָּ֣ק וְשׁ֑וּחַ וּבְנֵ֥י יָקְשָׁ֖ן שְׁבָ֥א וּדְדָֽן׃ ס", "text": "*û-bənê* *Qəṭûrâ* *pîlegeš* *ʾAbrāhām* *yāldâ* *ʾet-Zimrān* *wə-Yoqšān* *û-Mədān* *û-Midyān* *wə-Yišbāq* *wə-Šûaḥ* *û-bənê* *Yoqšān* *Šəbāʾ* *û-Dədān*", "grammar": { "*û-bənê*": "conjunction + noun, masculine, plural construct - and sons of", "*Qəṭûrâ*": "proper noun, feminine, singular - Keturah", "*pîlegeš*": "noun, feminine, singular construct - concubine of", "*ʾAbrāhām*": "proper noun, masculine, singular - Abraham", "*yāldâ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - she bore", "*ʾet-Zimrān*": "direct object marker + proper noun, masculine, singular - Zimran", "*wə-Yoqšān*": "conjunction + proper noun, masculine, singular - and Jokshan", "*û-Mədān*": "conjunction + proper noun, masculine, singular - and Medan", "*û-Midyān*": "conjunction + proper noun, masculine, singular - and Midian", "*wə-Yišbāq*": "conjunction + proper noun, masculine, singular - and Ishbak", "*wə-Šûaḥ*": "conjunction + proper noun, masculine, singular - and Shuah", "*û-bənê*": "conjunction + noun, masculine, plural construct - and sons of", "*Yoqšān*": "proper noun, masculine, singular - Jokshan", "*Šəbāʾ*": "proper noun, masculine, singular - Sheba", "*û-Dədān*": "conjunction + proper noun, masculine, singular - and Dedan", "ס": "paragraph marker" }, "variants": { "*û-bənê*": "and sons of/and descendants of", "*pîlegeš*": "concubine/secondary wife", "*yāldâ*": "she bore/she gave birth to" } }
• Gen 25:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Genesis.25.3", "source": "וְיָקְשָׁ֣ן יָלַ֔ד אֶת־שְׁבָ֖א וְאֶת־דְּדָ֑ן וּבְנֵ֣י דְדָ֔ן הָי֛וּ אַשּׁוּרִ֥ם וּלְטוּשִׁ֖ים וּלְאֻמִּֽים׃", "text": "*wə-yāqšān* *yālad* *ʾet-šəḇāʾ* *wə-ʾet-dədān* *û-ḇənê* *dədān* *hāyû* *ʾaššûrîm* *û-ləṭûšîm* *û-ləʾummîm*", "grammar": { "*wə-yāqšān*": "waw conjunction + proper noun, masculine singular - and Jokshan", "*yālad*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - begot/fathered", "*ʾet-šəḇāʾ*": "direct object marker + proper noun, masculine singular - Sheba", "*wə-ʾet-dədān*": "waw conjunction + direct object marker + proper noun, masculine singular - and Dedan", "*û-ḇənê*": "waw conjunction + noun, masculine plural construct - and sons of", "*dədān*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Dedan", "*hāyû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd common plural - were/became", "*ʾaššûrîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - Asshurim", "*û-ləṭûšîm*": "waw conjunction + proper noun, masculine plural - and Letushim", "*û-ləʾummîm*": "waw conjunction + proper noun, masculine plural - and Leummim" }, "variants": { "*yālad*": "begot/fathered/gave birth to", "*hāyû*": "were/became/existed as" } }