Verse 2

{ "verseID": "Hosea.10.2", "source": "חָלַ֥ק לִבָּ֖ם עַתָּ֣ה יֶאְשָׁ֑מוּ ה֚וּא יַעֲרֹ֣ף מִזְבְּחוֹתָ֔ם יְשֹׁדֵ֖ד מַצֵּבוֹתָֽם׃", "text": "*Ḥālaq* their heart; now they *yeʾšāmû*; he *yaʿărōp* their *mizbəḥōtām*, he *yəšōdēd* their *maṣṣēbōtām*.", "grammar": { "*Ḥālaq*": "verb, Qal, perfect, 3rd person, masculine, singular - divided/smooth", "*yeʾšāmû*": "verb, Qal, imperfect, 3rd person, masculine, plural - they will be guilty/bear punishment", "*yaʿărōp*": "verb, Qal, imperfect, 3rd person, masculine, singular - he will break down/behead", "*yəšōdēd*": "verb, Piel, imperfect, 3rd person, masculine, singular - he will destroy/devastate", "*mizbəḥōtām*": "noun, masculine, plural construct with 3rd person, masculine, plural suffix - their altars", "*maṣṣēbōtām*": "noun, feminine, plural construct with 3rd person, masculine, plural suffix - their sacred pillars" }, "variants": { "*Ḥālaq*": "divided/smooth/flattering/deceitful", "*yaʿărōp*": "break down/break the neck/destroy" } }

Other Translations

Referenced Verses

  • Mic 5:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Micah.5.13", "source": "וְנָתַשְׁתִּ֥י אֲשֵׁירֶ֖יךָ מִקִּרְבֶּ֑ךָ וְהִשְׁמַדְתִּ֖י עָרֶֽיךָ׃", "text": "*wə-nātaštî* *ʾăšêreykā* from-*qirbekā* *wə-hišmadtî* *ʿāreykā*", "grammar": { "*wə-nātaštî*": "conjunction + perfect, 1st person singular - and I will pluck up", "*ʾăšêreykā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your Asherim", "*qirbekā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your midst", "*wə-hišmadtî*": "conjunction + hiphil perfect, 1st person singular - and I will destroy", "*ʿāreykā*": "feminine plural noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your cities" }, "variants": { "*nātaštî*": "I will pluck up/I will uproot/I will tear out", "*ʾăšêreykā*": "your Asherim/your sacred poles/your wooden images", "*hišmadtî*": "I will destroy/I will demolish/I will annihilate" } }
  • 1 Kgs 18:21 : 21 { "verseID": "1 Kings.18.21", "source": "וַיִּגַּ֨שׁ אֵלִיָּ֜הוּ אֶל־כָּל־הָעָ֗ם וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ עַד־מָתַ֞י אַתֶּ֣ם פֹּסְחִים֮ עַל־שְׁתֵּ֣י הַסְּעִפִּים֒ אִם־יְהוָ֤ה הָֽאֱלֹהִים֙ לְכ֣וּ אַחֲרָ֔יו וְאִם־הַבַּ֖עַל לְכ֣וּ אַחֲרָ֑יו וְלֹֽא־עָנ֥וּ הָעָ֛ם אֹת֖וֹ דָּבָֽר׃", "text": "*wə-yiggaš* *ʾēliyyāhû* to-all-the-*ʿām* *wə-yōʾmer* until-*mātay* *ʾattem* *pōsəḥîm* on-*štê* the-*səʿippîm* if-*YHWH* the-*ʾĕlōhîm* *lekû* after-him and-if-the-*baʿal* *lekû* after-him and-*lōʾ*-*ʿānû* the-*ʿām* him *dābār*", "grammar": { "*wə-yiggaš*": "conjunction + narrative imperfect, 3rd masculine singular of *nāgaš* - and he approached", "*ʾēliyyāhû*": "proper noun, masculine - Elijah", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to", "*kol*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all of", "*hā-ʿām*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the people", "*wə-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + narrative imperfect, 3rd masculine singular of *ʾāmar* - and he said", "*ʿad*": "preposition - until", "*mātay*": "interrogative adverb - when/how long", "*ʾattem*": "personal pronoun, 2nd masculine plural - you", "*pōsəḥîm*": "Qal participle, masculine plural of *pāsaḥ* - limping/hesitating", "*ʿal*": "preposition - on/over", "*štê*": "number, feminine dual construct - two of", "*ha-səʿippîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the divided opinions/branches", "*ʾim*": "conditional particle - if", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/the LORD", "*hā-ʾĕlōhîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural (intensive) - the God", "*lekû*": "Qal imperative, masculine plural of *hālak* - go/walk", "*ʾaḥărāyw*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - after him", "*wə-ʾim*": "conjunction + conditional particle - and if", "*ha-baʿal*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the Baal", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*ʿānû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd common plural of *ʿānâ* - they answered", "*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine singular suffix - him", "*dābār*": "noun, masculine singular - word/thing" }, "variants": { "*pōsəḥîm*": "limping/wavering/hesitating/skipping between", "*səʿippîm*": "divided opinions/branches/forks in the road/thoughts", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings" } }
  • Zeph 1:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Zephaniah.1.5", "source": "וְאֶת־הַמִּשְׁתַּחֲוִ֥ים עַל־הַגַּגּ֖וֹת לִצְבָ֣א הַשָּׁמָ֑יִם וְאֶת־הַמִּֽשְׁתַּחֲוִים֙ הַנִּשְׁבָּעִ֣ים לַֽיהוָ֔ה וְהַנִּשְׁבָּעִ֖ים בְּמַלְכָּֽם׃", "text": "*wəʾeṯ*-*hammištaḥăwîm* *ʿal*-*haggaggôṯ* *liṣḇā* *haššāmāyim*, *wəʾeṯ*-*hammištaḥăwîm* *hannišbāʿîm* *la-YHWH* *wəhannišbāʿîm* *bəmalkām*.", "grammar": { "*wəʾeṯ*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*hammištaḥăwîm*": "hitpael participle, masculine plural with definite article - the ones bowing down/worshipping", "*ʿal*": "preposition - on/upon", "*haggaggôṯ*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the roofs", "*liṣḇā*": "preposition + construct state, masculine singular - to/for host/army of", "*haššāmāyim*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the heavens/sky", "*hannišbāʿîm*": "niphal participle, masculine plural with definite article - the ones swearing/taking oaths", "*la-YHWH*": "preposition + divine name - to/by YHWH", "*wəhannišbāʿîm*": "conjunction + niphal participle, masculine plural with definite article - and the ones swearing/taking oaths", "*bəmalkām*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - by their king/Milcom" }, "variants": { "*hammištaḥăwîm*": "the ones worshipping/bowing down/prostrating themselves", "*liṣḇā*": "to host/army/multitude", "*haššāmāyim*": "the heavens/the sky/the celestial bodies", "*hannišbāʿîm*": "the ones swearing/taking oaths", "*bəmalkām*": "by their king/by Milcom/Molech (Ammonite deity)/by their Molech" } }
  • Zech 13:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Zechariah.13.2", "source": "וְהָיָה֩ בַיּ֨וֹם הַה֜וּא נְאֻ֣ם ׀ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֗וֹת אַכְרִ֞ית אֶת־שְׁמ֤וֹת הָֽעֲצַבִּים֙ מִן־הָאָ֔רֶץ וְלֹ֥א יִזָּכְר֖וּ ע֑וֹד וְגַ֧ם אֶת־הַנְּבִיאִ֛ים וְאֶת־ר֥וּחַ הַטֻּמְאָ֖ה אַעֲבִ֥יר מִן־הָאָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "And *hāyâ* in *yôm* the *hû'* *nə'um* *YHWH* *ṣəḇā'ôṯ*, *'aḵrîṯ* *'eṯ*-*šəmôṯ* the *hā'ăṣabbîm* from *hā'āreṣ* and not *yizzāḵərû* *'ôḏ*, and also *'eṯ*-the *nəḇî'îm* and *'eṯ*-*rûaḥ* the *ṭum'â* *'a'ăḇîr* from *hā'āreṣ*.", "grammar": { "*hāyâ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and it will come to pass/and it will be", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - day", "*hû'*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine, singular - that", "*nə'um*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - declaration/utterance of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*ṣəḇā'ôṯ*": "noun, feminine, plural - hosts/armies", "*'aḵrîṯ*": "verb, hiphil imperfect, 1st person singular - I will cut off/I will destroy", "*'eṯ*": "direct object marker", "*šəmôṯ*": "noun, masculine, plural, construct - names of", "*hā'ăṣabbîm*": "noun, masculine, plural with definite article - the idols", "*hā'āreṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular with definite article - the land/the earth", "*yizzāḵərû*": "verb, niphal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will be remembered", "*'ôḏ*": "adverb - again/anymore/still", "*nəḇî'îm*": "noun, masculine, plural with definite article - the prophets", "*rûaḥ*": "noun, feminine, singular, construct - spirit of", "*ṭum'â*": "noun, feminine, singular with definite article - the uncleanness/impurity", "*'a'ăḇîr*": "verb, hiphil imperfect, 1st person singular - I will cause to pass away/I will remove" }, "variants": { "*nə'um*": "declaration/utterance/oracle", "*'aḵrîṯ*": "I will cut off/I will destroy/I will eliminate", "*hā'ăṣabbîm*": "the idols/the false gods/the images", "*hā'āreṣ*": "the land/the earth/the country", "*'a'ăḇîr*": "I will cause to pass away/I will remove/I will expel" } }
  • Matt 6:24 : 24 { "verseID": "Matthew.6.24", "source": "Οὐδεὶς δύναται δυσὶ κυρίοις δουλεύειν: ἢ γὰρ τὸν ἕνα μισήσει, καὶ τὸν ἕτερον ἀγαπήσει· ἢ ἑνὸς ἀνθέξεται, καὶ τοῦ ἑτέρου καταφρονήσει. Οὐ δύνασθε Θεῷ δουλεύειν καὶ μαμωνᾷ.", "text": "*Oudeis dynatai dysi kyriois douleuein*: *ē gar* the *hena misēsei*, and the *heteron agapēsei*; *ē henos anthexetai*, and the *heterou kataphronēsei*. Not *dynasthe Theō douleuein* and *mamōna*.", "grammar": { "*Oudeis dynatai*": "negative adjective, nominative, masculine, singular + present passive/middle indicative, 3rd singular - no one is able", "*dysi kyriois*": "dative, masculine, plural + dative, masculine, plural - two masters", "*douleuein*": "present active infinitive - to serve", "*ē gar*": "disjunctive particle + causal conjunction - for either", "*hena*": "accusative, masculine, singular - one", "*misēsei*": "future active indicative, 3rd singular - will hate", "*heteron*": "accusative, masculine, singular - other", "*agapēsei*": "future active indicative, 3rd singular - will love", "*ē*": "disjunctive particle - or", "*henos*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of one", "*anthexetai*": "future middle indicative, 3rd singular - will hold to/be devoted to", "*heterou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of other", "*kataphronēsei*": "future active indicative, 3rd singular - will despise", "*dynasthe*": "present passive/middle indicative, 2nd plural - you are able", "*Theō*": "dative, masculine, singular - to God", "*douleuein*": "present active infinitive - to serve", "*mamōna*": "dative, masculine, singular - to mammon/wealth/money" }, "variants": { "*Oudeis*": "no one/nobody", "*dynatai*": "is able/can/has power", "*kyriois*": "masters/lords/owners", "*douleuein*": "to serve/to be a slave to", "*misēsei*": "will hate/will detest", "*agapēsei*": "will love/will be devoted to", "*anthexetai*": "will hold to/will be devoted to/will cling to", "*kataphronēsei*": "will despise/will think down upon/will disregard", "*dynasthe*": "you are able/you can", "*Theō*": "God/Deity", "*mamōna*": "mammon/wealth/riches/money as an object of worship" } }
  • Luke 16:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Luke.16.13", "source": "¶Οὐδεὶς οἰκέτης δύναται δυσὶ κυρίοις δουλεύειν: ἢ γὰρ τὸν ἕνα μισήσει, καὶ τὸν ἕτερον ἀγαπήσει· ἢ ἑνὸς ἀνθέξεται, καὶ τοῦ ἑτέρου καταφρονήσει. Οὐ δύνασθε Θεῷ δουλεύειν καὶ μαμωνᾷ.", "text": "No *oiketēs dynatai dysi kyriois douleuein*: *ē gar* the *hena misēsei*, and the *heteron agapēsei*; *ē henos anthexetai*, and the *heterou kataphronēsei*. Not *dynasthe Theō douleuein* and *mamōna*.", "grammar": { "*oiketēs*": "nominative singular masculine - servant/household slave", "*dynatai*": "present middle/passive indicative, 3rd singular - is able", "*dysi*": "dative plural masculine - two", "*kyriois*": "dative plural masculine - masters/lords", "*douleuein*": "present active infinitive - to serve/be a slave to", "*ē*": "disjunctive conjunction - either/or", "*gar*": "postpositive conjunction - for/because", "*hena*": "accusative singular masculine - one", "*misēsei*": "future active indicative, 3rd singular - will hate", "*heteron*": "accusative singular masculine - other/another", "*agapēsei*": "future active indicative, 3rd singular - will love", "*henos*": "genitive singular masculine - of one", "*anthexetai*": "future middle indicative, 3rd singular - will hold to/be devoted to", "*heterou*": "genitive singular masculine - of other/another", "*kataphronēsei*": "future active indicative, 3rd singular - will despise", "*dynasthe*": "present middle/passive indicative, 2nd plural - you are able", "*Theō*": "dative singular masculine - to God", "*mamōna*": "dative singular masculine - to mammon/wealth" }, "variants": { "*oiketēs*": "servant/household slave/domestic", "*dynatai*": "is able/can", "*douleuein*": "to serve/to be a slave to/to be in bondage to", "*misēsei*": "will hate/will detest", "*agapēsei*": "will love/will be devoted to", "*anthexetai*": "will hold to/will be devoted to/will cling to", "*kataphronēsei*": "will despise/will disregard/will think little of", "*Theō*": "God/Deity", "*mamōna*": "mammon/wealth/money/riches" } }
  • 2 Thess 2:11-12 : 11 { "verseID": "2Thessalonians.2.11", "source": "Καὶ διὰ τοῦτο πέμψει αὐτοῖς ὁ Θεὸς ἐνέργειαν πλάνης, εἰς τὸ πιστεῦσαι αὐτοὺς τῷ ψεύδει:", "text": "And through this *pempsei* to them the *Theos* *energeian* of *planēs*, to the *pisteusai* them in the *pseudei*:", "grammar": { "*pempsei*": "verb, future active indicative, 3rd person singular - will send", "*Theos*": "nominative, masculine singular - God", "*energeian*": "accusative, feminine singular - working/operation", "*planēs*": "genitive, feminine singular - error/delusion", "*pisteusai*": "aorist active infinitive - to believe", "*pseudei*": "dative, neuter singular - lie/falsehood" }, "variants": { "*pempsei*": "will send/dispatch", "*energeian*": "working/operation/active power", "*planēs*": "error/delusion/deception/wandering", "*pisteusai*": "believe/trust/have faith in", "*pseudei*": "lie/falsehood/untruth" } } 12 { "verseID": "2Thessalonians.2.12", "source": "Ἵνα κριθῶσιν πάντες οἱ μὴ πιστεύσαντες τῇ ἀληθείᾳ, ἀλλʼ εὐδοκήσαντες ἐν τῇ ἀδικίᾳ.", "text": "So that *krithōsin* all the not *pisteusantes* in the *alētheia*, but *eudokēsantes* in the *adikia*.", "grammar": { "*krithōsin*": "verb, aorist passive subjunctive, 3rd person plural - they might be judged", "*pisteusantes*": "aorist active participle, nominative masculine plural - having believed", "*alētheia*": "dative, feminine singular - truth", "*eudokēsantes*": "aorist active participle, nominative masculine plural - having taken pleasure", "*adikia*": "dative, feminine singular - unrighteousness/wickedness" }, "variants": { "*krithōsin*": "might be judged/condemned/separated", "*pisteusantes*": "having believed/trusted", "*alētheia*": "truth/reality", "*eudokēsantes*": "having taken pleasure/delighted in/approved of", "*adikia*": "unrighteousness/wickedness/injustice" } }
  • Jas 1:8 : 8 { "verseID": "James.1.8", "source": "Ἀνὴρ δίψυχος ἀκατάστατος ἐν πάσαις ταῖς ὁδοῖς αὐτοῦ.", "text": "*Anēr dipsychos akatastatos* in all the *hodois* of him.", "grammar": { "*Anēr*": "nominative, masculine, singular - subject", "*dipsychos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - adjective modifying *anēr*", "*akatastatos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - adjective modifying *anēr*", "*hodois*": "dative, feminine, plural - location (in ways)" }, "variants": { "*Anēr*": "man/male/husband", "*dipsychos*": "double-minded/two-souled/wavering", "*akatastatos*": "unstable/unsteady/vacillating", "*hodois*": "ways/paths/roads/journeys" } }
  • Jas 4:4 : 4 { "verseID": "James.4.4", "source": "Μοιχοὶ καὶ μοιχαλίδες, οὐκ οἴδατε ὅτι ἡ φιλία τοῦ κόσμου ἔχθρα τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐστιν; ὃς ἂν οὖν βουληθῇ φίλος εἶναι τοῦ κόσμου ἐχθρὸς τοῦ Θεοῦ καθίσταται.", "text": "*Moichoi* and *moichalides*, not you *oidate* that the *philia* of the *kosmou echtra* of the *Theou estin*? whoever therefore may *boulēthē philos einai* of the *kosmou echthros* of the *Theou kathistatai*.", "grammar": { "*Moichoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - adulterers", "*moichalides*": "nominative, feminine, plural - adulteresses", "*oidate*": "perfect active indicative, 2nd plural - know/understand", "*philia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - friendship/love", "*kosmou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - world/universe/ornamentation", "*echtra*": "nominative, feminine, singular - enmity/hostility", "*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - God", "*estin*": "present active indicative, 3rd singular - is", "*boulēthē*": "aorist passive subjunctive, 3rd singular - desire/wish/intend", "*philos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - friend/beloved", "*einai*": "present active infinitive - to be", "*echthros*": "nominative, masculine, singular - enemy/hostile", "*kathistatai*": "present middle/passive indicative, 3rd singular - becomes/is appointed" }, "variants": { "*Moichoi*": "adulterers/unfaithful ones", "*moichalides*": "adulteresses/unfaithful women", "*oidate*": "know/understand/perceive", "*philia*": "friendship/love/affection", "*kosmou*": "world/universe/worldly system", "*echtra*": "enmity/hostility/hatred", "*boulēthē*": "wishes/desires/intends", "*philos*": "friend/beloved/dear one", "*echthros*": "enemy/hostile/opposed", "*kathistatai*": "becomes/is constituted/is established" } }
  • 1 John 2:15 : 15 { "verseID": "1 John.2.15", "source": "Μὴ ἀγαπᾶτε τὸν κόσμον, μηδὲ τὰ ἐν τῷ κόσμῳ. Ἐάν τις ἀγαπᾷ τὸν κόσμον, οὐκ ἔστιν ἡ ἀγάπη τοῦ Πατρὸς ἐν αὐτῷ.", "text": "Not *agapate* the *kosmon*, *mēde* the things in the *kosmō*. If anyone *agapa* the *kosmon*, not *estin* the *agapē* of the *Patros* in him.", "grammar": { "*agapate*": "present, imperative, active, 2nd person plural - love/do not love", "*kosmon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - world/universe", "*mēde*": "negative conjunction - nor/and not/not even", "*kosmō*": "dative, masculine, singular - world/universe", "*agapa*": "present, indicative, active, 3rd person singular - loves", "*estin*": "present, indicative, active, 3rd person singular - is/exists", "*agapē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - love", "*Patros*": "genitive, masculine, singular - Father" }, "variants": { "*agapate*": "love/cherish/be devoted to", "*kosmon*": "world/universe/worldly system/mankind", "*mēde*": "nor/and not/not even/neither", "*agapa*": "loves/cherishes/is devoted to", "*agapē*": "love/affection/benevolence", "*Patros*": "Father/originator/source" } }
  • Rev 3:15-16 : 15 { "verseID": "Revelation.3.15", "source": "Οἶδά σου τὰ ἔργα, ὅτι οὔτε ψυχρὸς εἶ οὔτε ζεστός: ὄφελον ψυχρὸς ἦς ἢ ζεστός.", "text": "*Oida* of-you the *erga*, that neither *psychros ei* nor *zestos*: *ophelon psychros ēs* or *zestos*.", "grammar": { "*Oida*": "perfect with present meaning, 1st singular - I know", "*erga*": "accusative, neuter, plural - works/deeds", "*psychros*": "nominative, masculine, singular - cold", "*ei*": "present active, 2nd singular - you are", "*zestos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - hot", "*ophelon*": "fixed form - would that/I wish", "*ēs*": "imperfect active, 2nd singular - you were" }, "variants": { "*Oida*": "know/am aware of", "*erga*": "works/deeds/actions", "*psychros*": "cold/chilly", "*zestos*": "hot/boiling/fervent", "*ophelon*": "would that/I wish/if only" } } 16 { "verseID": "Revelation.3.16", "source": "Οὕτως ὅτι χλιαρὸς εἶ, καὶ οὔτε ψυχρὸς οὔτε ζεστός, μέλλω σε ἐμέσαι ἐκ τοῦ στόματός μου.", "text": "Thus because *chliaros ei*, and neither *psychros* nor *zestos*, *mellō* you *emesai* from the *stomatos* of-me.", "grammar": { "*chliaros*": "nominative, masculine, singular - lukewarm", "*ei*": "present active, 2nd singular - you are", "*psychros*": "nominative, masculine, singular - cold", "*zestos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - hot", "*mellō*": "present active, 1st singular - I am about to", "*emesai*": "aorist active infinitive - to vomit/spit out", "*stomatos*": "genitive, neuter, singular - of mouth" }, "variants": { "*chliaros*": "lukewarm/tepid", "*psychros*": "cold/chilly", "*zestos*": "hot/boiling/fervent", "*mellō*": "am about to/intend to/going to", "*emesai*": "to vomit/spit out/reject", "*stomatos*": "mouth/opening" } }
  • Isa 44:18 : 18 { "verseID": "Isaiah.44.18", "source": "לֹ֥א יָדְע֖וּ וְלֹ֣א יָבִ֑ינוּ כִּ֣י טַ֤ח מֵֽרְאוֹת֙ עֵֽינֵיהֶ֔ם מֵהַשְׂכִּ֖יל לִבֹּתָֽם׃", "text": "*lōʾ* *yādʿû* *wəlōʾ* *yāḇînû* *kî* *ṭaḥ* *mērʾôṯ* *ʿênêhem* *mēhaśkîl* *libbōṯām*", "grammar": { "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yādʿû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they know", "*wəlōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*yāḇînû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they understand", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ṭaḥ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he has plastered/smeared", "*mērʾôṯ*": "preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct - from seeing", "*ʿênêhem*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their eyes", "*mēhaśkîl*": "preposition + verb, hiphil infinitive construct - from understanding/comprehending", "*libbōṯām*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their hearts" }, "variants": { "*yādʿû*": "they know/they are aware/they perceive", "*yāḇînû*": "they understand/they comprehend/they discern", "*ṭaḥ*": "he has plastered/he has smeared/he has covered/he has shut", "*mērʾôṯ*": "from seeing/from perceiving/to keep from seeing", "*mēhaśkîl*": "from understanding/from comprehending/from gaining insight" } }
  • Jer 43:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.43.13", "source": "וְשִׁבַּ֗ר אֶֽת־מַצְּבוֹת֙ בֵּ֣ית שֶׁ֔מֶשׁ אֲשֶׁ֖ר בְּאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרָ֑יִם וְאֶת־בָּתֵּ֥י אֱלֹהֵֽי־מִצְרַ֖יִם יִשְׂרֹ֥ף בָּאֵֽשׁ׃", "text": "And he will break *wə-šibbar* *ʾet*-*maṣṣəbôt* *bêt* *šemeš* which *ʾăšer* in *bə-ʾereṣ* *Miṣrāyim*, and *wə-ʾet*-*bāttê* *ʾĕlōhê*-*Miṣrayim* he will burn *yiśrōp* with *bā-ʾēš*.", "grammar": { "*wə-šibbar*": "conjunction + verb, perfect, 3rd masculine singular, Piel - and he will break", "*maṣṣəbôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - pillars/sacred stones of", "*bêt*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of", "*šemeš*": "noun - sun/Shemesh (Sun god)", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*bə-ʾereṣ*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - in the land of", "*Miṣrāyim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*wə-ʾet*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*bāttê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - houses of", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - gods of", "*yiśrōp*": "verb, imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will burn", "*bā-ʾēš*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - with the fire" }, "variants": { "*šibbar*": "break/shatter/smash", "*maṣṣəbôt*": "pillars/sacred stones/obelisks", "*bêt šemeš*": "house of the sun/temple of the sun/Heliopolis", "*šemeš*": "sun/sunlight/Sun god", "*bāttê*": "houses/temples", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "gods/deities", "*yiśrōp*": "burn/consume with fire" } }
  • Hos 7:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Hosea.7.8", "source": "אֶפְרַ֕יִם בָּעַמִּ֖ים ה֣וּא יִתְבּוֹלָ֑ל אֶפְרַ֛יִם הָיָ֥ה עֻגָ֖ה בְּלִ֥י הֲפוּכָֽה׃", "text": "*ʾep̄rayim* among the *ʿammîm* he *yiṯbôlāl* *ʾep̄rayim* *hāyâ* *ʿuḡâ* without *hăp̄ûḵâ*.", "grammar": { "*ʾep̄rayim*": "proper noun - Ephraim (northern kingdom)", "*ʿammîm*": "noun, masculine plural with prefix *ba* - among the peoples", "*yiṯbôlāl*": "hithpoel imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he mixes himself", "*hāyâ*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he has become", "*ʿuḡâ*": "noun, feminine singular - cake/bread", "*bəlî*": "preposition - without", "*hăp̄ûḵâ*": "qal passive participle feminine singular - turned/flipped" }, "variants": { "*yiṯbôlāl*": "mixes himself/mingles/assimilates", "*ʿuḡâ*": "cake/flatbread/round bread", "*hăp̄ûḵâ*": "turned/flipped over/rotated" } }
  • Hos 8:5-6 : 5 { "verseID": "Hosea.8.5", "source": "זָנַח֙ עֶגְלֵ֣ךְ שֹֽׁמְר֔וֹן חָרָ֥ה אַפִּ֖י בָּ֑ם עַד־מָתַ֕י לֹ֥א יוּכְל֖וּ נִקָּיֹֽן׃", "text": "*zānaḥ* your *ʿeḡlēḵ* *šōmərôn*; *ḥārāh* my *ʾappî* against them; until when not they *yûḵəlû* *niqqāyōn*?", "grammar": { "*zānaḥ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he has rejected", "*ʿeḡlēḵ*": "noun, masculine, singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your calf", "*šōmərôn*": "proper noun - Samaria", "*ḥārāh*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it has burned", "*ʾappî*": "noun, masculine, singular with 1st person singular suffix - my anger/nose", "*yûḵəlû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will be able", "*niqqāyōn*": "noun, masculine, singular absolute - innocence/cleanness" }, "variants": { "*zānaḥ*": "rejected/cast off/spurned", "*ʿeḡlēḵ*": "your calf/your young bull (idol)", "*ḥārāh*": "burned/kindled/became hot", "*ʾappî*": "my anger/my nose/my wrath", "*yûḵəlû*": "they will be able/capable/endure", "*niqqāyōn*": "innocence/cleanness/freedom from punishment" } } 6 { "verseID": "Hosea.8.6", "source": "כִּ֤י מִיִּשְׂרָאֵל֙ וְה֔וּא חָרָ֣שׁ עָשָׂ֔הוּ וְלֹ֥א אֱלֹהִ֖ים ה֑וּא כִּֽי־שְׁבָבִ֣ים יִֽהְיֶ֔ה עֵ֖גֶל שֹׁמְרֽוֹן׃", "text": "For from *yiśrāʾēl* and he, *ḥārāš* *ʿāśāhû* and not *ʾĕlōhîm* he; for *šəḇāḇîm* *yihyeh* *ʿēḡel* *šōmərôn*.", "grammar": { "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ḥārāš*": "noun, masculine, singular absolute - craftsman/artificer", "*ʿāśāhû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - he made it", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine, plural absolute - God/gods", "*šəḇāḇîm*": "noun, masculine, plural absolute - fragments/splinters", "*yihyeh*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he/it will be", "*ʿēḡel*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - calf of", "*šōmərôn*": "proper noun - Samaria" }, "variants": { "*ḥārāš*": "craftsman/artificer/workman", "*ʿāśāhû*": "made it/created it/fashioned it", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/deity", "*šəḇāḇîm*": "fragments/splinters/pieces" } }
  • Hos 10:5-8 : 5 { "verseID": "Hosea.10.5", "source": "לְעֶגְלוֹת֙ בֵּ֣ית אָ֔וֶן יָג֖וּרוּ שְׁכַ֣ן שֹֽׁמְר֑וֹן כִּי־אָבַ֨ל עָלָ֜יו עַמּ֗וֹ וּכְמָרָיו֙ עָלָ֣יו יָגִ֔ילוּ עַל־כְּבוֹד֖וֹ כִּֽי־גָלָ֥ה מִמֶּֽנּוּ׃", "text": "For *ʿeglôt* of *bêt ʾāwen* they *yāgûrû* [the] *šəkan* of *Šōmərôn*; for *ʾābal* over it its people, and its *kəmārāyw* over it they *yāgîlû* over its *kəbôdô*, for *gālāh* from it.", "grammar": { "*ʿeglôt*": "noun, feminine, plural construct - calves/heifers", "*bêt ʾāwen*": "proper noun - Beth-aven (House of Vanity/Wickedness)", "*yāgûrû*": "verb, Qal, imperfect, 3rd person, masculine, plural - they fear/dread", "*šəkan*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - inhabitant(s)", "*Šōmərôn*": "proper noun - Samaria", "*ʾābal*": "verb, Qal, perfect, 3rd person, masculine, singular - he mourns", "*kəmārāyw*": "noun, masculine, plural construct with 3rd person, masculine, singular suffix - its idolatrous priests", "*yāgîlû*": "verb, Qal, imperfect, 3rd person, masculine, plural - they rejoice/tremble", "*kəbôdô*": "noun, masculine, singular with 3rd person, masculine, singular suffix - its glory", "*gālāh*": "verb, Qal, perfect, 3rd person, masculine, singular - it departed/was exiled" }, "variants": { "*yāgûrû*": "they fear/dread/gather", "*yāgîlû*": "they rejoice/tremble/mourn", "*ʿeglôt*": "calves/heifers (referring to idols)", "*kəmārāyw*": "idolatrous priests/black-robed priests" } } 6 { "verseID": "Hosea.10.6", "source": "גַּם־אוֹתוֹ֙ לְאַשּׁ֣וּר יוּבָ֔ל מִנְחָ֖ה לְמֶ֣לֶךְ יָרֵ֑ב בָּשְׁנָה֙ אֶפְרַ֣יִם יִקָּ֔ח וְיֵב֥וֹשׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל מֵעֲצָתֽוֹ׃", "text": "Also it to *ʾAššûr* *yûbāl* [as] *minḥāh* to *melek yārēb*; *bāšnāh ʾEprayim yiqqāḥ*, and *yēbôš Yiśrāʾēl* from its own *ʿăṣātô*.", "grammar": { "*ʾAššûr*": "proper noun - Assyria", "*yûbāl*": "verb, Hophal, imperfect, 3rd person, masculine, singular - it will be carried/brought", "*minḥāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - gift/tribute/offering", "*melek*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - king", "*yārēb*": "proper noun/adjective - Jareb/contentious", "*bāšnāh*": "preposition + noun, feminine, singular - in/with shame", "*ʾEprayim*": "proper noun - Ephraim", "*yiqqāḥ*": "verb, Qal, imperfect, 3rd person, masculine, singular - he will receive/take", "*yēbôš*": "verb, Qal, imperfect, 3rd person, masculine, singular - he will be ashamed", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʿăṣātô*": "noun, feminine, singular with 3rd person, masculine, singular suffix - his counsel/advice" }, "variants": { "*yārēb*": "Jareb (possibly a title)/contentious/one who strives", "*bāšnāh*": "in shame/with disgrace (some read as 'boshnah')" } } 7 { "verseID": "Hosea.10.7", "source": "נִדְמֶ֥ה שֹׁמְר֖וֹן מַלְכָּ֑הּ כְּקֶ֖צֶף עַל־פְּנֵי־מָֽיִם׃", "text": "*Nidmeh Šōmərôn malkāh* like *qeṣep* upon *pənê*-*māyim*.", "grammar": { "*Nidmeh*": "verb, Niphal, perfect, 3rd person, masculine, singular - is cut off/destroyed/silenced", "*Šōmərôn*": "proper noun - Samaria", "*malkāh*": "noun, masculine, singular with 3rd person, feminine, singular suffix - her king", "*qeṣep*": "noun, masculine, singular - foam/splinter/twig", "*pənê*": "noun, masculine, plural construct - face/surface", "*māyim*": "noun, masculine, plural - water" }, "variants": { "*Nidmeh*": "is cut off/destroyed/silenced/made like", "*qeṣep*": "foam/splinter/twig/chip" } } 8 { "verseID": "Hosea.10.8", "source": "וְנִשְׁמְד֞וּ בָּמ֣וֹת אָ֗וֶן חַטַּאת֙ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל ק֣וֹץ וְדַרְדַּ֔ר יַעֲלֶ֖ה עַל־מִזְבְּחוֹתָ֑ם וְאָמְר֤וּ לֶֽהָרִים֙ כַּסּ֔וּנוּ וְלַגְּבָע֖וֹת נִפְל֥וּ עָלֵֽינוּ׃", "text": "And *wənišmədû bāmôt ʾāwen*, *ḥaṭṭaʾt Yiśrāʾēl*; *qôṣ wədardar yaʿăleh* upon their *mizbəḥôtām*; and they *wəʾāmərû* to the mountains, '*kassûnû*,' and to the hills, '*niplû* upon us.'", "grammar": { "*wənišmədû*": "conjunction + verb, Niphal, perfect, 3rd person, plural - and they will be destroyed", "*bāmôt*": "noun, feminine, plural construct - high places", "*ʾāwen*": "noun, masculine, singular - wickedness/vanity", "*ḥaṭṭaʾt*": "noun, feminine, singular construct - sin", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*qôṣ*": "noun, masculine, singular - thorn", "*wədardar*": "conjunction + noun, masculine, singular - and thistle", "*yaʿăleh*": "verb, Qal, imperfect, 3rd person, masculine, singular - it will grow/come up", "*mizbəḥôtām*": "noun, masculine, plural with 3rd person, masculine, plural suffix - their altars", "*wəʾāmərû*": "conjunction + verb, Qal, perfect, 3rd person, common, plural - and they will say", "*kassûnû*": "verb, Piel, imperative, masculine, plural with 1st person, plural suffix - cover us", "*niplû*": "verb, Qal, imperative, masculine, plural - fall" }, "variants": { "*bāmôt*": "high places/altars on heights/shrines" } }
  • 1 Sam 5:4 : 4 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.5.4", "source": "וַיַּשְׁכִּ֣מוּ בַבֹּקֶר֮ מִֽמָּחֳרָת֒ וְהִנֵּ֣ה דָג֗וֹן נֹפֵ֤ל לְפָנָיו֙ אַ֔רְצָה לִפְנֵ֖י אֲר֣וֹן יְהוָ֑ה וְרֹ֨אשׁ דָּג֜וֹן וּשְׁתֵּ֣י ׀ כַּפּ֣וֹת יָדָ֗יו כְּרֻתוֹת֙ אֶל־הַמִּפְתָּ֔ן רַ֥ק דָּג֖וֹן נִשְׁאַ֥ר עָלָֽיו׃", "text": "And-*wayyaškimû* in-the-*baboqer* from-the-*mimmāḥŏrāt* and-*wəhinnê* *dāgôn* *nōpēl* to-*pānāyw* *ʾarṣâ* to-*pənê* *ʾărôn* *YHWH* and-*rōʾš* *dāgôn* and-*šətê* palms-of *yādāyw* *kərutôt* to-the-*miptān* only *dāgôn* *nišʾar* upon-him", "grammar": { "*wayyaškimû*": "verb, hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they rose early", "*baboqer*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular with definite article - in the morning", "*mimmāḥŏrāt*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - from the next day", "*wəhinnê*": "conjunction + demonstrative particle - and behold", "*dāgôn*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Dagon", "*nōpēl*": "verb, qal active participle, masculine singular - falling/fallen", "*pānāyw*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his face", "*ʾarṣâ*": "noun, feminine singular with directional he suffix - to the ground", "*pənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - face/before", "*ʾărôn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - ark of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*rōʾš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - head of", "*dāgôn*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Dagon", "*šətê*": "numeral, feminine dual construct - two of", "*yādāyw*": "noun, feminine dual with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his hands", "*kərutôt*": "verb, qal passive participle, feminine plural - cut off", "*miptān*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the threshold", "*nišʾar*": "verb, niphal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - was left/remained", "*ʿālāyw*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - upon him" }, "variants": { "*miptān*": "threshold/doorway", "*raq dāgôn nišʾar ʿālāyw*": "only Dagon [the trunk/fish part] remained of him" } }