Verse 20

{ "verseID": "Isaiah.13.20", "source": "לֹֽא־תֵשֵׁ֣ב לָנֶ֔צַח וְלֹ֥א תִשְׁכֹּ֖ן עַד־דּ֣וֹר וָד֑וֹר וְלֹֽא־יַהֵ֥ל שָׁם֙ עֲרָבִ֔י וְרֹעִ֖ים לֹא־יַרְבִּ֥צוּ שָֽׁם׃", "text": "Not-*ṯēšēḇ* for-*neṣaḥ* *wə*-not *ṯiškōn* until-*dôr* *wā*-*ḏôr* *wə*-not-*yahēl* there *ʿĂrāḇî* *wə*-*rōʿîm* not-*yarbîṣû* there", "grammar": { "*lōʾ-ṯēšēḇ*": "negative particle + verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - she will not dwell/sit", "*lāneṣaḥ*": "preposition + noun, masculine, singular - for eternity/forever", "*wəlōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*ṯiškōn*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - she will be inhabited/dwell", "*ʿaḏ-dôr*": "preposition + noun, masculine, singular - until generation", "*wāḏôr*": "conjunction + noun, masculine, singular - and generation", "*wəlōʾ-yahēl*": "conjunction + negative particle + verb, Piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and will not pitch tent", "*šām*": "adverb - there", "*ʿărāḇî*": "noun, masculine, singular - Arab/nomad", "*wərōʿîm*": "conjunction + verb, Qal participle, masculine plural - and shepherds", "*lōʾ-yarbîṣû*": "negative particle + verb, Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - will not make lie down", "*šām*": "adverb - there" }, "variants": { "*ṯēšēḇ*": "will dwell/sit/remain", "*neṣaḥ*": "eternity/forever/perpetuity", "*ṯiškōn*": "will be inhabited/will dwell/will abide", "*dôr wāḏôr*": "generation and generation/generation to generation/all generations", "*yahēl*": "will pitch tent/will camp/will dwell temporarily", "*ʿărāḇî*": "Arab/nomad/desert dweller", "*rōʿîm*": "shepherds/herdsmen/pastors", "*yarbîṣû*": "will make lie down/will cause to rest/will let their flocks rest" } }

Other Translations

• GT, oversatt fra Hebraisk

  Den skal aldri mer bebos, fra generasjon til generasjon skal den legges øde. Ingen araber vil slå opp sitt telt der, og ingen hyrder vil la sine flokker hvile der.

• Moderne oversettelse av Bibelen fra 1611 KJV med hebraisk kontekst

  Hun skal aldri mer bli bebodd, og ingen skal bo der i generasjon etter generasjon: ingen araber skal slå opp sitt telt der, og ingen gjetere skal la sine flokker hvile der.

• Norsk King James

  Det skal aldri bli bebodd, heller ikke bli bosatt fra generasjon til generasjon: verken araberne skal slå opp telt der, eller gjeterne lage sin boplass der.

• Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866

  Den skal aldri mer bli bebodd, og fra slekt til slekt skal den være øde; ingen araber vil slå opp telt der, og ingen gjetere vil la flokken ligge der.

• Oversettelse av hebraiske Bibeltekster til moderne norsk bokmål

  Det skal aldri mer bebos, fra slekt til slekt, og araberne skal ikke slå opp telt der, heller ikke skal gjeterne la sine flokker hvile der.

• Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611

  Det skal aldri mer bli bebodd, ingen skal bo der fra generasjon til generasjon; ikke engang arabere skal slå opp telt der, heller ikke skal gjeterne la flokkene hvile der.

• o3-mini KJV Norsk

  Det skal aldri bli bebodd, og ingen vil bo der fra slekt til slekt; verken araberne skal slå opp telt eller hyrdene etablere sitt gjeteområde der.

• En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)

  Det skal aldri mer bli bebodd, ingen skal bo der fra generasjon til generasjon; ikke engang arabere skal slå opp telt der, heller ikke skal gjeterne la flokkene hvile der.

• Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst

  Den vil aldri mer bli bebodd, fra slekt til slekt, ingen araber skal slå opp telt der, ingen hyrder skal la sine flokker hvile der.

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  It will never be inhabited or lived in through all generations; no Arab will pitch his tent there, and no shepherds will let their flocks lie down there.

• GT, oversatt fra hebraisk Aug2024

  Det vil aldri mer bli bebodd, det vil aldri mer bli bosatt gjennom generasjoner. Der vil ingen arabere reise telt, og gjetere vil ikke la sine flokker hvile der.

• Original Norsk Bibel 1866

  Den skal i Evighed ikke blive til, og den skal fra Slægt til Slægt ikke beboes, og ingen Araber skal udslaae Paulun der, ei heller Hyrder lade (Qvæg) ligge der.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  It shall never be inhabited, neither shall it be dwelt in from generation to generation: neither shall the Arabian pitch tent there; neither shall the shepherds make their fold there.

• KJV 1769 norsk

  Det skal aldri mer bli bebodd, og ingen skal bo der fra generasjon til generasjon: heller ikke skal araberen slå opp telt der, heller ikke skal gjetere sette opp sin flokk der.

• KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk

  It will never be inhabited, nor will it be dwelt in from generation to generation: nor will the Arabian pitch tent there; nor will the shepherds make their fold there.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  It shall never be inhabited, neither shall it be dwelt in from generation to generation: neither shall the Arabian pitch tent there; neither shall the shepherds make their fold there.

• Norsk oversettelse av Webster

  Det skal aldri mer være bebodd, og ingen skal bo der fra slekt til slekt: ikke engang arabere skal slå opp telt der; heller ikke skal gjetere la flokkene sine hvile der.

• Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation

  Den skal aldri bli bosatt igjen, Heller ikke befolket i generasjoner, Araberen skal ikke slå opp telt der, Og hyrdene skal ikke hvile der.

• Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901

  Det skal aldri mer bli bebodd, heller ikke bli bosatt i fra slekt til slekt; heller ikke skal arabere slå opp telt der, og gjeterne skal ikke legge flokkene sine der.

• Norsk oversettelse av BBE

  Mennesker vil aldri igjen bo der, og det vil ikke ha flere menn fra slekt til slekt: araberne vil ikke sette opp sitt telt der; og de som holder sauer, vil ikke gjøre det til hvilested for sine flokker.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  It shal neuer be more inhabited, nether shal there be eny more dwellinge there, from generacion to generacion. The Arabians shall make no mo tentes there, nether shall the shepardes make their foldes there eny more:

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  It shall not bee inhabited for euer, neither shall it be dwelled in from generation to generation: neither shall the Arabian pitch his tents there, neither shall the shepheardes make their foldes there.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  It shall not endure for euer, neither shall there be any more dwelling there from generation to generation: The Arabians shall pitche no tentes there, neither shall the sheepheardes make their foldes there any more.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  It shall never be inhabited, neither shall it be dwelt in from generation to generation: neither shall the Arabian pitch tent there; neither shall the shepherds make their fold there.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  It shall never be inhabited, neither shall it be lived in from generation to generation: neither shall the Arabian pitch tent there; neither shall shepherds make their flocks to lie down there.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  She doth not sit for ever, Nor continueth unto many generations, Nor doth Arab pitch tent there, And shepherds lie not down there.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  It shall never be inhabited, neither shall it be dwelt in from generation to generation: neither shall the Arabian pitch tent there; neither shall shepherds make their flocks to lie down there.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  People will never be living in it again, and it will have no more men from generation to generation: the Arab will not put up his tent there; and those who keep sheep will not make it a resting-place for their flocks.

• World English Bible (2000)

  It will never be inhabited, neither will it be lived in from generation to generation. The Arabian will not pitch a tent there, neither will shepherds make their flocks lie down there.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  No one will live there again; no one will ever reside there again. No bedouin will camp there, no shepherds will rest their flocks there.

Referenced Verses

• Isa 14:23 : 23 { "verseID": "Isaiah.14.23", "source": "וְשַׂמְתִּ֛יהָ לְמוֹרַ֥שׁ קִפֹּ֖ד וְאַגְמֵי־מָ֑יִם וְטֵֽאטֵאתִ֙יהָ֙ בְּמַטְאֲטֵ֣א הַשְׁמֵ֔ד נְאֻ֖ם יְהוָ֥ה צְבָאֽוֹת׃", "text": "And-*śamtîhā* for-*môraš* *qippōd* and-*ʾaḡmê*-*māyim*; and-*ṭēʾṭētîhā* with-*maṭʾăṭēʾ* the-*hašmēd*, *nǝʾum* *YHWH* *ṣǝḇāʾôt*.", "grammar": { "*śamtîhā*": "qal perfect with suffix, 1st singular - I will make it", "*môraš*": "masculine singular construct - possession of", "*qippōd*": "masculine singular noun - hedgehog/porcupine", "*ʾaḡmê*": "masculine plural construct - marshes/swamps of", "*māyim*": "masculine plural noun - waters", "*ṭēʾṭētîhā*": "pilpel perfect with suffix, 1st singular - I will sweep it", "*maṭʾăṭēʾ*": "masculine singular construct - broom of", "*hašmēd*": "hiphil infinitive with definite article - the destruction/extermination" }, "variants": { "*śamtîhā*": "I will make it/I will set it/I will turn it into", "*môraš*": "possession/inheritance/property", "*qippōd*": "hedgehog/porcupine/bittern", "*ʾaḡmê*": "marshes/swamps/pools", "*ṭēʾṭētîhā*": "I will sweep it/I will clean it out", "*maṭʾăṭēʾ*": "broom/besom", "*hašmēd*": "destruction/annihilation/extermination" } }
• Jer 51:43 : 43 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.51.43", "source": "הָי֤וּ עָרֶ֙יהָ֙ לְשַׁמָּ֔ה אֶ֖רֶץ צִיָּ֣ה וַעֲרָבָ֑ה אֶ֗רֶץ לֹֽא־יֵשֵׁ֤ב בָּהֵן֙ כָּל־אִ֔ישׁ וְלֹֽא־יַעֲבֹ֥ר בָּהֵ֖ן בֶּן־אָדָֽם", "text": "*hāyû* *ʿārêhā* to-*šammāh* *ʾereṣ* *ṣiyyāh* and-*ʿărābāh* *ʾereṣ* not-*yēšēb* in-them any-*ʾîš* and-not-*yaʿăbōr* in-them *ben*-*ʾādām*", "grammar": { "*hāyû*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd plural - they have become", "*ʿārêhā*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her cities", "*šammāh*": "noun, feminine singular - horror/astonishment", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular - land", "*ṣiyyāh*": "noun, feminine singular - drought/dry place", "*ʿărābāh*": "noun, feminine singular - desert plain", "*yēšēb*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd singular masculine - he will dwell", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man", "*yaʿăbōr*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd singular masculine - he will pass through", "*ben*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of", "*ʾādām*": "noun, masculine singular - mankind/humanity" }, "variants": { "*šammāh*": "horror/astonishment/desolation", "*ṣiyyāh*": "drought/dry place/parched land", "*ʿărābāh*": "desert plain/wilderness/desolate place", "*ben-ʾādām*": "son of man/human being/person" } }
• Jer 51:62-64 : 62 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.51.62", "source": "וְאָמַרְתָּ֗ יְהוָה֙ אַתָּ֨ה דִבַּ֜רְתָּ אֶל־הַמָּק֤וֹם הַזֶּה֙ לְהַכְרִית֔וֹ לְבִלְתִּ֤י הֱיֽוֹת־בּוֹ֙ יוֹשֵׁ֔ב לְמֵאָדָ֖ם וְעַד־בְּהֵמָ֑ה כִּֽי־שִׁמְמ֥וֹת עוֹלָ֖ם תִּֽהְיֶֽה׃", "text": "*wəʾāmartā* *YHWH* *ʾattāh* *dibbartā* *ʾel*-*hammāqôm* *hazzeh* *ləhaḵrîtô* *ləḇiltî* *hĕyôt*-*bô* *yôšēḇ* *lēmēʾādām* *wəʿad*-*bəhēmāh* *kî*-*šimămôt* *ʿôlām* *tihyeh*", "grammar": { "*wəʾāmartā*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - and you shall say", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*ʾattāh*": "2nd person masculine singular pronoun - you", "*dibbartā*": "Piel perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you have spoken", "*ʾel*": "preposition - concerning", "*hammāqôm*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the place", "*hazzeh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun masculine singular - this", "*ləhaḵrîtô*": "preposition + Hiphil infinitive construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to cut it off", "*ləḇiltî*": "preposition + negative particle - so that not", "*hĕyôt*": "Qal infinitive construct - being", "*bô*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in it", "*yôšēḇ*": "Qal participle masculine singular - one dwelling/inhabitant", "*lēmēʾādām*": "preposition + preposition + masculine singular noun - from man", "*wəʿad*": "conjunction + preposition - and unto", "*bəhēmāh*": "feminine singular noun - beast/cattle", "*kî*": "conjunction - but/for/that", "*šimămôt*": "feminine plural noun - desolations", "*ʿôlām*": "masculine singular noun - perpetuity/forever", "*tihyeh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - it will be" }, "variants": { "*dibbartā*": "you have spoken/you have declared", "*ləhaḵrîtô*": "to cut it off/to destroy it/to bring it to an end", "*yôšēḇ*": "one dwelling/inhabitant/resident", "*šimămôt* *ʿôlām*": "perpetual desolations/everlasting wastes" } } 63 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.51.63", "source": "וְהָיָה֙ כְּכַלֹּ֣תְךָ֔ לִקְרֹ֖א אֶת־הַסֵּ֣פֶר הַזֶּ֑ה תִּקְשֹׁ֤ר עָלָיו֙ אֶ֔בֶן וְהִשְׁלַכְתּ֖וֹ אֶל־תּ֥וֹךְ פְּרָֽת׃", "text": "*wəhāyāh* *kəḵallōtəḵā* *liqrōʾ* *ʾet*-*hassēper* *hazzeh* *tiqšōr* *ʿālāyw* *ʾeḇen* *wəhišlaḵtô* *ʾel*-*tôḵ* *pərāt*", "grammar": { "*wəhāyāh*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - and it shall be", "*kəḵallōtəḵā*": "preposition + Piel infinitive construct + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - when you finish", "*liqrōʾ*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - reading", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*hassēper*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the scroll/book", "*hazzeh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun masculine singular - this", "*tiqšōr*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you shall bind", "*ʿālāyw*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to it", "*ʾeḇen*": "feminine singular noun - stone", "*wəhišlaḵtô*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect 2nd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and you shall throw it", "*ʾel*": "preposition - into", "*tôḵ*": "masculine singular construct - middle of", "*pərāt*": "proper noun - Euphrates" }, "variants": { "*kəḵallōtəḵā*": "when you finish/when you complete", "*tiqšōr*": "you shall bind/you shall tie" } } 64 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.51.64", "source": "וְאָמַרְתָּ֗ כָּ֠כָה תִּשְׁקַ֨ע בָּבֶ֤ל וְלֹֽא־תָקוּם֙ מִפְּנֵ֣י הָרָעָ֗ה אֲשֶׁ֧ר אָנֹכִ֛י מֵבִ֥יא עָלֶ֖יהָ וְיָעֵ֑פוּ עַד־הֵ֖נָּה דִּבְרֵ֥י יִרְמְיָֽהוּ׃ ס", "text": "*wəʾāmartā* *kāḵāh* *tišqaʿ* *bāḇel* *wəlōʾ*-*tāqûm* *mippənê* *hārāʿāh* *ʾăšer* *ʾānōḵî* *mēḇîʾ* *ʿālêhā* *wəyāʿēpû* *ʿad*-*hēnnāh* *diḇrê* *yirmiyāhû*", "grammar": { "*wəʾāmartā*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - and you shall say", "*kāḵāh*": "adverb - thus", "*tišqaʿ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - will sink", "*bāḇel*": "proper noun - Babylon", "*wəlōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*tāqûm*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - will rise", "*mippənê*": "preposition + construct - from the face of/because of", "*hārāʿāh*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the disaster/evil", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*ʾānōḵî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I", "*mēḇîʾ*": "Hiphil participle masculine singular - am bringing", "*ʿālêhā*": "preposition + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - upon her", "*wəyāʿēpû*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person common plural - and they will be weary/exhausted", "*ʿad*": "preposition - until", "*hēnnāh*": "adverb - here/thus far", "*diḇrê*": "masculine plural construct - words of", "*yirmiyāhû*": "proper noun - Jeremiah" }, "variants": { "*tišqaʿ*": "will sink/will drown", "*tāqûm*": "will rise/will recover", "*hārāʿāh*": "the disaster/the evil/the calamity", "*mēḇîʾ*": "am bringing/will bring", "*wəyāʿēpû*": "and they will be weary/they will faint", "*ʿad*-*hēnnāh*": "thus far/to this point" } }
• Rev 18:21-23 : 21 { "verseID": "Revelation.18.21", "source": "Καὶ ἦρεν εἷς ἄγγελος ἰσχυρὸς λίθον ὡς μύλον μέγαν, καὶ ἔβαλεν εἰς τὴν θάλασσαν, λέγων, Οὕτως ὁρμήματι βληθήσεται Βαβυλὼν ἡ μεγάλη πόλις, καὶ οὐ μὴ εὑρεθῇ ἔτι.", "text": "And *ēren* one *angelos* *ischyros* *lithon* as *mylon* *megan*, and *ebalen* into the *thalassan*, *legōn*, Thus with *hormēmati* *blēthēsetai* *Babylōn* the *megalē* *polis*, and *ou mē* *heurethē* *eti*.", "grammar": { "*ēren*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - lifted/took up", "*heis*": "numeral, nominative, masculine, singular - one", "*angelos*": "noun, nominative, masculine, singular - angel/messenger", "*ischyros*": "adjective, nominative, masculine, singular - strong/mighty", "*lithon*": "noun, accusative, masculine, singular - stone", "*hōs*": "comparative particle - as/like", "*mylon*": "noun, accusative, masculine, singular - millstone", "*megan*": "adjective, accusative, masculine, singular - great/large", "*ebalen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - threw/cast", "*eis*": "preposition + accusative - into", "*tēn thalassan*": "noun, accusative, feminine, singular - sea", "*legōn*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - saying", "*houtōs*": "adverb - thus/in this manner", "*hormēmati*": "noun, dative, neuter, singular - violence/force/impulse", "*blēthēsetai*": "future passive indicative, 3rd person singular - will be thrown/cast", "*Babylōn*": "noun, nominative, feminine, singular - Babylon", "*hē megalē*": "adjective, nominative, feminine, singular - great", "*polis*": "noun, nominative, feminine, singular - city", "*ou mē*": "emphatic negation - by no means/certainly not", "*heurethē*": "aorist passive subjunctive, 3rd person singular - might be found", "*eti*": "adverb - anymore/any longer" }, "variants": { "*ēren*": "lifted/took up/raised", "*angelos*": "angel/messenger", "*ischyros*": "strong/mighty/powerful", "*lithon*": "stone/rock", "*mylon*": "millstone", "*megan*": "great/large/massive", "*ebalen*": "threw/cast/hurled", "*thalassan*": "sea/ocean", "*legōn*": "saying/speaking/declaring", "*houtōs*": "thus/in this manner/so", "*hormēmati*": "violence/impulse/rush/force", "*blēthēsetai*": "will be thrown/will be cast/will be hurled", "*Babylōn*": "Babylon (proper name)", "*megalē*": "great/large/mighty", "*polis*": "city/town", "*heurethē*": "might be found/might be discovered", "*eti*": "anymore/any longer/still" } } 22 { "verseID": "Revelation.18.22", "source": "Καὶ φωνὴ κιθαρῳδῶν, καὶ μουσικῶν, καὶ αὐλητῶν, καὶ σαλπιστῶν, οὐ μὴ ἀκουσθῇ ἐν σοὶ ἔτι· καὶ πᾶς τεχνίτης, πάσης τέχνης, οὐ μὴ εὑρεθῇ ἐν σοὶ ἔτι· καὶ φωνὴ μύλου οὐ μὴ ἀκουσθῇ ἐν σοὶ ἔτι·", "text": "And *phōnē* of *kitharōdōn*, and of *mousikōn*, and of *aulētōn*, and of *salpistōn*, *ou mē* *akousthē* in you *eti*; and every *technitēs* of every *technēs*, *ou mē* *heurethē* in you *eti*; and *phōnē* of *mylou* *ou mē* *akousthē* in you *eti*;", "grammar": { "*phōnē*": "noun, nominative, feminine, singular - sound/voice", "*kitharōdōn*": "noun, genitive, masculine, plural - harpists", "*mousikōn*": "noun/adjective, genitive, masculine, plural - musicians", "*aulētōn*": "noun, genitive, masculine, plural - flute players", "*salpistōn*": "noun, genitive, masculine, plural - trumpeters", "*ou mē*": "emphatic negation - by no means/certainly not", "*akousthē*": "aorist passive subjunctive, 3rd person singular - might be heard", "*en*": "preposition + dative - in", "*soi*": "personal pronoun, dative, 2nd person singular - you", "*eti*": "adverb - anymore/any longer", "*pas*": "adjective, nominative, masculine, singular - every/all", "*technitēs*": "noun, nominative, masculine, singular - craftsman/artisan", "*pasēs*": "adjective, genitive, feminine, singular - every/all", "*technēs*": "noun, genitive, feminine, singular - craft/art/trade", "*heurethē*": "aorist passive subjunctive, 3rd person singular - might be found", "*mylou*": "noun, genitive, masculine, singular - millstone/mill" }, "variants": { "*phōnē*": "sound/voice/noise", "*kitharōdōn*": "harpists/lyre players", "*mousikōn*": "musicians/musical performers", "*aulētōn*": "flute players/flautists", "*salpistōn*": "trumpeters/bugle players", "*akousthē*": "might be heard/will be heard", "*technitēs*": "craftsman/artisan/skilled worker", "*technēs*": "craft/art/trade/skill", "*heurethē*": "might be found/will be found", "*mylou*": "millstone/mill/grinding sound" } } 23 { "verseID": "Revelation.18.23", "source": "Καὶ φῶς λύχνου οὐ μὴ φάνῃ ἐν σοὶ ἔτι· καὶ φωνὴ νυμφίου καὶ νύμφης οὐ μὴ ἀκουσθῇ ἐν σοὶ ἔτι: ὅτι οἱ ἔμποροί σου ἦσαν οἱ μεγιστᾶνες τῆς γῆς· ὅτι ἐν τῇ φαρμακείᾳ σου ἐπλανήθησαν πάντα τὰ ἔθνη.", "text": "And *phōs* of *lychnou* *ou mē* *phanē* in you *eti*; and *phōnē* of *nymphiou* and of *nymphēs* *ou mē* *akousthē* in you *eti*: because the *emporoi* of you *ēsan* the *megistanes* of the *gēs*; because in the *pharmakeia* of you *eplanēthēsan* all the *ethnē*.", "grammar": { "*phōs*": "noun, nominative, neuter, singular - light", "*lychnou*": "noun, genitive, masculine, singular - lamp", "*ou mē*": "emphatic negation - by no means/certainly not", "*phanē*": "aorist passive subjunctive, 3rd person singular - might shine/appear", "*en*": "preposition + dative - in", "*soi*": "personal pronoun, dative, 2nd person singular - you", "*eti*": "adverb - anymore/any longer", "*phōnē*": "noun, nominative, feminine, singular - voice/sound", "*nymphiou*": "noun, genitive, masculine, singular - bridegroom", "*nymphēs*": "noun, genitive, feminine, singular - bride", "*akousthē*": "aorist passive subjunctive, 3rd person singular - might be heard", "*hoti*": "conjunction - because/for", "*hoi emporoi*": "noun, nominative, masculine, plural - merchants", "*sou*": "personal pronoun, genitive, 2nd person singular - of you", "*ēsan*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person plural - were", "*hoi megistanes*": "adjective used as noun, nominative, masculine, plural - great ones/magnates", "*tēs gēs*": "noun, genitive, feminine, singular - earth/land", "*en*": "preposition + dative - by", "*tē pharmakeia*": "noun, dative, feminine, singular - sorcery/magic arts", "*sou*": "personal pronoun, genitive, 2nd person singular - of you", "*eplanēthēsan*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person plural - were deceived/led astray", "*panta*": "adjective, nominative, neuter, plural - all", "*ta ethnē*": "noun, nominative, neuter, plural - nations/peoples" }, "variants": { "*phōs*": "light/brightness", "*lychnou*": "lamp/light", "*phanē*": "might shine/might appear/might be seen", "*phōnē*": "voice/sound/noise", "*nymphiou*": "bridegroom", "*nymphēs*": "bride", "*akousthē*": "might be heard/will be heard", "*emporoi*": "merchants/traders/businessmen", "*ēsan*": "were", "*megistanes*": "great ones/magnates/nobles/mighty men", "*gēs*": "earth/land/ground", "*pharmakeia*": "sorcery/magic arts/witchcraft/drug use", "*eplanēthēsan*": "were deceived/were led astray/were misled", "*ethnē*": "nations/peoples/gentiles" } }
• 2 Chr 17:11 : 11 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.17.11", "source": "וּמִן־פְּלִשְׁתִּ֗ים מְבִיאִ֧ים לִֽיהוֹשָׁפָ֛ט מִנְחָ֖ה וְכֶ֣סֶף מַשָּׂ֑א גַּ֣ם הָֽעַרְבִיאִ֗ים מְבִיאִ֥ים לוֹ֙ צֹ֔אן אֵילִ֔ים שִׁבְעַ֤ת אֲלָפִים֙ וּשְׁבַ֣ע מֵא֔וֹת וּתְיָשִׁ֕ים שִׁבְעַ֥ת אֲלָפִ֖ים וּשְׁבַ֥ע מֵאֽוֹת׃", "text": "And-from-*Pəlištîm* *məḇîʾîm* to-*Yəhôšāp̄āṭ* *minḥāh* and-*kesep̄* *maśśāʾ* also the-*hāʿarḇîʾîm* *məḇîʾîm* to-him *ṣōʾn* *ʾêlîm* *šiḇʿaṯ* *ʾălāp̄îm* and-*šəḇaʿ* *mēʾôṯ* and-*təyāšîm* *šiḇʿaṯ* *ʾălāp̄îm* and-*šəḇaʿ* *mēʾôṯ*", "grammar": { "*Pəlištîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - 'Philistines'", "*məḇîʾîm*": "hiphil participle, masculine plural - 'bringing'", "*Yəhôšāp̄āṭ*": "proper noun - 'Jehoshaphat'", "*minḥāh*": "noun, feminine singular - 'gift/tribute/offering'", "*kesep̄*": "noun, masculine singular - 'silver/money'", "*maśśāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular - 'burden/load/tribute'", "*hāʿarḇîʾîm*": "definite article + proper noun, masculine plural - 'the Arabians'", "*ṣōʾn*": "noun, common singular - 'flocks/sheep'", "*ʾêlîm*": "noun, masculine plural - 'rams'", "*šiḇʿaṯ*": "cardinal number, feminine construct - 'seven of'", "*ʾălāp̄îm*": "noun, masculine plural - 'thousands'", "*šəḇaʿ*": "cardinal number, feminine - 'seven'", "*mēʾôṯ*": "noun, feminine plural - 'hundreds'", "*təyāšîm*": "noun, masculine plural - 'he-goats/male goats'", "*šiḇʿaṯ*": "cardinal number, feminine construct - 'seven of'", "*ʾălāp̄îm*": "noun, masculine plural - 'thousands'", "*šəḇaʿ*": "cardinal number, feminine - 'seven'", "*mēʾôṯ*": "noun, feminine plural - 'hundreds'" }, "variants": { "*minḥāh*": "gift/tribute/offering/present", "*kesep̄ maśśāʾ*": "silver of tribute/burden/load/levy of silver" } }
• Isa 34:10-15 : 10 { "verseID": "Isaiah.34.10", "source": "לַ֤יְלָה וְיוֹמָם֙ לֹ֣א תִכְבֶּ֔ה לְעוֹלָ֖ם יַעֲלֶ֣ה עֲשָׁנָ֑הּ מִדּ֤וֹר לָדוֹר֙ תֶּחֱרָ֔ב לְנֵ֣צַח נְצָחִ֔ים אֵ֥ין עֹבֵ֖ר בָּֽהּ׃", "text": "*laylâ* *wĕyômām* *lōʾ* *tikbeh* *lĕʿôlām* *yaʿăleh* *ʿăšānāh* *middôr* *lādôr* *teḥĕrāb* *lĕnēṣaḥ* *nĕṣāḥîm* *ʾên* *ʿōbēr* *bāh*", "grammar": { "*laylâ*": "masculine singular noun - night", "*wĕyômām*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun - and day", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*tikbeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - it will be extinguished/quenched", "*lĕʿôlām*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - forever/eternity", "*yaʿăleh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - will go up/ascend", "*ʿăšānāh*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - its smoke", "*middôr*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - from generation", "*lādôr*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - to generation", "*teḥĕrāb*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - it will be desolate/waste", "*lĕnēṣaḥ*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - for perpetuity", "*nĕṣāḥîm*": "masculine plural noun - perpetuities/eternities", "*ʾên*": "negative particle - there is not", "*ʿōbēr*": "qal participle, masculine singular - one passing through", "*bāh*": "preposition + 3rd feminine singular suffix - in it" }, "variants": { "*laylâ*": "night/nighttime", "*yômām*": "day/daytime", "*tikbeh*": "will be extinguished/will be quenched/will go out", "*lĕʿôlām*": "forever/for eternity/for all time", "*yaʿăleh*": "will go up/will ascend/will rise", "*ʿăšānāh*": "its smoke/its vapor", "*middôr*": "from generation", "*lādôr*": "to generation/to age", "*teḥĕrāb*": "will be desolate/will be waste/will be in ruins", "*nēṣaḥ*": "perpetuity/eternity/forever", "*nĕṣāḥîm*": "perpetuities/eternities/forevers", "*ʿōbēr*": "one passing through/traveler/passer-by" } } 11 { "verseID": "Isaiah.34.11", "source": "וִירֵשׁ֙וּהָ֙ קָאַ֣ת וְקִפּ֔וֹד וְיַנְשׁ֥וֹף וְעֹרֵ֖ב יִשְׁכְּנוּ־בָ֑הּ וְנָטָ֥ה עָלֶ֛יהָ קַֽו־תֹ֖הוּ וְאַבְנֵי־בֹֽהוּ׃", "text": "*wîrēšûhā* *qāʾat* *wĕqippôd* *wĕyanšôp* *wĕʿōrēb* *yiškĕnû*-*bāh* *wĕnāṭâ* *ʿālêhā* *qaw*-*tōhû* *wĕʾabnê*-*bōhû*", "grammar": { "*wîrēšûhā*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd common plural + 3rd feminine singular suffix - and they will possess it", "*qāʾat*": "feminine singular noun - pelican", "*wĕqippôd*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun - and hedgehog/porcupine", "*wĕyanšôp*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun - and owl", "*wĕʿōrēb*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun - and raven", "*yiškĕnû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they will dwell", "*bāh*": "preposition + 3rd feminine singular suffix - in it", "*wĕnāṭâ*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he will stretch out", "*ʿālêhā*": "preposition + 3rd feminine singular suffix - over it", "*qaw*": "masculine singular construct - line of", "*tōhû*": "masculine singular noun - chaos/emptiness", "*wĕʾabnê*": "conjunction + feminine plural construct - and stones of", "*bōhû*": "masculine singular noun - void/emptiness" }, "variants": { "*wîrēšûhā*": "will possess it/will inherit it/will take possession of it", "*qāʾat*": "pelican/desert owl/cormorant", "*qippôd*": "hedgehog/porcupine/bittern", "*yanšôp*": "owl/eagle owl/ibis", "*ʿōrēb*": "raven/crow", "*yiškĕnû*": "will dwell/will inhabit/will reside", "*nāṭâ*": "will stretch out/will extend/will measure", "*qaw*": "line/measuring line/cord", "*tōhû*": "chaos/emptiness/waste/formlessness", "*ʾabnê*": "stones/weights", "*bōhû*": "void/emptiness/desolation" } } 12 { "verseID": "Isaiah.34.12", "source": "חֹרֶ֥יהָ וְאֵֽין־שָׁ֖ם מְלוּכָ֣ה יִקְרָ֑אוּ וְכָל־שָׂרֶ֖יהָ יִ֥הְיוּ אָֽפֶס׃", "text": "*ḥōrêhā* *wĕʾên*-*šām* *mĕlûkâ* *yiqrāʾû* *wĕkāl*-*śārêhā* *yihyû* *ʾāpes*", "grammar": { "*ḥōrêhā*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - its nobles", "*wĕʾên*": "conjunction + negative particle - and there is not", "*šām*": "adverb - there", "*mĕlûkâ*": "feminine singular noun - kingdom/kingship", "*yiqrāʾû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they will call", "*wĕkāl*": "conjunction + masculine singular construct - and all of", "*śārêhā*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - its princes/officials", "*yihyû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they will be", "*ʾāpes*": "masculine singular noun - nothing/end" }, "variants": { "*ḥōrêhā*": "its nobles/its freemen/its nobility", "*ʾên*": "there is not/there is no", "*šām*": "there", "*mĕlûkâ*": "kingdom/kingship/royalty", "*yiqrāʾû*": "they will call/they will proclaim/they will invite", "*śārêhā*": "its princes/its officials/its chiefs", "*yihyû*": "they will be/they will become", "*ʾāpes*": "nothing/nonexistence/end/cessation" } } 13 { "verseID": "Isaiah.34.13", "source": "וְעָלְתָ֤ה אַרְמְנֹתֶ֙יהָ֙ סִירִ֔ים קִמּ֥וֹשׂ וָח֖וֹחַ בְּמִבְצָרֶ֑יהָ וְהָיְתָה֙ נְוֵ֣ה תַנִּ֔ים חָצִ֖יר לִבְנ֥וֹת יַעֲנָֽה׃", "text": "*wĕʿālĕtâ* *ʾarmĕnōtêhā* *sîrîm* *qimmôś* *wāḥôaḥ* *bĕmibṣārêhā* *wĕhāyĕtâ* *nĕwēh* *tannîm* *ḥāṣîr* *libnôt* *yaʿănâ*", "grammar": { "*wĕʿālĕtâ*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - and it will grow/come up", "*ʾarmĕnōtêhā*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - its citadels/palaces", "*sîrîm*": "masculine plural noun - thorns/briars", "*qimmôś*": "masculine singular noun - nettle/thorny weed", "*wāḥôaḥ*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun - and thistle/thorn", "*bĕmibṣārêhā*": "preposition + masculine plural noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - in its fortresses", "*wĕhāyĕtâ*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - and it will be/become", "*nĕwēh*": "masculine singular construct - habitation of", "*tannîm*": "masculine plural noun - jackals/dragons", "*ḥāṣîr*": "masculine singular noun - grass/enclosure", "*libnôt*": "preposition + feminine plural construct - for daughters of", "*yaʿănâ*": "feminine singular noun - ostrich" }, "variants": { "*ʿālĕtâ*": "will grow/will come up/will spring up", "*ʾarmĕnōtêhā*": "its citadels/its palaces/its fortified towers", "*sîrîm*": "thorns/briars/brambles", "*qimmôś*": "nettle/thorny weed/wild weeds", "*ḥôaḥ*": "thistle/thorn/bramble", "*mibṣārêhā*": "its fortresses/its strongholds", "*nĕwēh*": "habitation/dwelling place/pasture", "*tannîm*": "jackals/dragons/wolves", "*ḥāṣîr*": "grass/court/enclosure", "*banôt*": "daughters", "*yaʿănâ*": "ostrich/owl" } } 14 { "verseID": "Isaiah.34.14", "source": "וּפָגְשׁ֤וּ צִיִּים֙ אֶת־אִיִּ֔ים וְשָׂעִ֖יר עַל־רֵעֵ֣הוּ יִקְרָ֑א אַךְ־שָׁם֙ הִרְגִּ֣יעָה לִּילִ֔ית וּמָצְאָ֥ה לָ֖הּ מָנֽוֹחַ׃", "text": "*ûpāgĕšû* *ṣiyyîm* *ʾet*-*ʾiyyîm* *wĕśāʿîr* *ʿal*-*rēʿēhû* *yiqrāʾ* *ʾak*-*šām* *hirgîʿâ* *lîlît* *ûmāṣĕʾâ* *lāh* *mānôaḥ*", "grammar": { "*ûpāgĕšû*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd common plural - and they will meet", "*ṣiyyîm*": "masculine plural noun - desert creatures", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾiyyîm*": "masculine plural noun - howling creatures", "*wĕśāʿîr*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun - and he-goat/satyr", "*ʿal*": "preposition - to/upon", "*rēʿēhû*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his companion/neighbor", "*yiqrāʾ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will call", "*ʾak*": "adverb - surely/only", "*šām*": "adverb - there", "*hirgîʿâ*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd feminine singular - she will rest/settle", "*lîlît*": "feminine singular noun - Lilith/night creature", "*ûmāṣĕʾâ*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - and she will find", "*lāh*": "preposition + 3rd feminine singular suffix - for herself", "*mānôaḥ*": "masculine singular noun - resting place" }, "variants": { "*pāgĕšû*": "will meet/will encounter/will confront", "*ṣiyyîm*": "desert creatures/wild beasts/wild cats", "*ʾiyyîm*": "howling creatures/hyenas/jackals", "*śāʿîr*": "he-goat/satyr/hairy one/demon", "*rēʿēhû*": "his companion/his neighbor/his fellow", "*yiqrāʾ*": "will call/will cry out/will proclaim", "*ʾak*": "surely/only/indeed", "*hirgîʿâ*": "will rest/will settle/will find repose", "*lîlît*": "Lilith/night creature/night monster", "*māṣĕʾâ*": "will find/will discover", "*mānôaḥ*": "resting place/place of rest" } } 15 { "verseID": "Isaiah.34.15", "source": "שָׁ֣מָּה קִנְּנָ֤ה קִפּוֹז֙ וַתְּמַלֵּ֔ט וּבָקְעָ֖ה וְדָגְרָ֣ה בְצִלָּ֑הּ אַךְ־שָׁ֛ם נִקְבְּצ֥וּ דַיּ֖וֹת אִשָּׁ֥ה רְעוּתָֽהּ׃", "text": "*šāmmâ* *qinnĕnâ* *qippôz* *watĕmallēṭ* *ûbāqĕʿâ* *wĕdāgĕrâ* *bĕṣillāh* *ʾak*-*šām* *niqbĕṣû* *dayyôt* *ʾiššâ* *rĕʿûtāh*", "grammar": { "*šāmmâ*": "adverb - there", "*qinnĕnâ*": "piel perfect, 3rd feminine singular - makes/built a nest", "*qippôz*": "feminine singular noun - arrow snake", "*watĕmallēṭ*": "conjunction + piel imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - and she will lay eggs", "*ûbāqĕʿâ*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - and she will hatch", "*wĕdāgĕrâ*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - and she will gather", "*bĕṣillāh*": "preposition + masculine singular noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - in her shadow", "*ʾak*": "adverb - surely/only", "*šām*": "adverb - there", "*niqbĕṣû*": "niphal perfect, 3rd common plural - they are gathered", "*dayyôt*": "feminine plural noun - kites/vultures", "*ʾiššâ*": "feminine singular noun - woman/each", "*rĕʿûtāh*": "feminine singular noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her companion" }, "variants": { "*šāmmâ*": "there", "*qinnĕnâ*": "makes a nest/builds a nest/nests", "*qippôz*": "arrow snake/owl/dartsnake", "*tĕmallēṭ*": "will lay eggs/will give birth/will deliver", "*bāqĕʿâ*": "will hatch/will break open", "*dāgĕrâ*": "will gather/will brood over/will incubate", "*ṣillāh*": "her shadow/her shade", "*niqbĕṣû*": "are gathered/are assembled/are collected", "*dayyôt*": "kites/vultures/birds of prey", "*ʾiššâ*": "woman/each one/each", "*rĕʿûtāh*": "her companion/her mate/her neighbor" } }
• Jer 50:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.50.3", "source": "כִּ֣י עָלָה֩ עָלֶ֨יהָ גּ֜וֹי מִצָּפ֗וֹן הֽוּא־יָשִׁ֤ית אֶת־אַרְצָהּ֙ לְשַׁמָּ֔ה וְלֹֽא־יִהְיֶ֥ה יוֹשֵׁ֖ב בָּ֑הּ מֵאָדָ֥ם וְעַד־בְּהֵמָ֖ה נָ֥דוּ הָלָֽכוּ׃", "text": "For *ʿālâ* against-her *gôy* from-*ṣāpôn* he-*yāšît* *ʾet*-*ʾarṣāh* to-*šammâ* and-not-*yihyê* *yôšēb* in-her from-*ʾādām* and-unto-*bĕhēmâ* *nādû* *hālākû*.", "grammar": { "*ʿālâ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - comes up/ascends/advances", "*gôy*": "noun, masculine singular - nation/people", "*ṣāpôn*": "noun, masculine singular - north", "*yāšît*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - will make/set/place", "*ʾarṣāh*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her land", "*šammâ*": "noun, feminine singular - desolation/waste", "*yihyê*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - will be", "*yôšēb*": "qal participle, masculine singular - one dwelling/inhabitant", "*ʾādām*": "noun, masculine singular - man/mankind/human", "*bĕhēmâ*": "noun, feminine singular - beast/cattle/animal", "*nādû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they flee/wander", "*hālākû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they go/walk/depart" }, "variants": { "*ʿālâ*": "comes up/ascends/advances/attacks", "*gôy*": "nation/people/gentiles", "*šammâ*": "desolation/waste/horror/astonishment", "*nādû*": "they flee/wander/depart" } }
• Jer 50:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.50.13", "source": "מִקֶּ֤צֶף יְהוָה֙ לֹ֣א תֵשֵׁ֔ב וְהָיְתָ֥ה שְׁמָמָ֖ה כֻּלָּ֑הּ כֹּ֚ל עֹבֵ֣ר עַל־בָּבֶ֔ל יִשֹּׁ֥ם וְיִשְׁרֹ֖ק עַל־כָּל־מַכּוֹתֶֽיהָ׃", "text": "From-*qeṣep* *YHWH* not *tēšēb* and-*hāyĕtâ* *šĕmāmâ* all-of-her all *ʿōbēr* upon-*Bābel* *yiššōm* and-*yišrōq* upon-all-*makkôtêhā*.", "grammar": { "*qeṣep*": "noun, masculine singular construct - wrath of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD/Yahweh", "*tēšēb*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - she will be inhabited", "*hāyĕtâ*": "qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - she will be", "*šĕmāmâ*": "noun, feminine singular - desolation", "*ʿōbēr*": "qal participle, masculine singular - one passing by", "*Bābel*": "proper noun - Babylon", "*yiššōm*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will be appalled", "*yišrōq*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will hiss/whistle", "*makkôtêhā*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her wounds/plagues" }, "variants": { "*qeṣep*": "wrath/anger/indignation", "*tēšēb*": "she will be inhabited/dwelt in", "*šĕmāmâ*": "desolation/waste/horror", "*yiššōm*": "he will be appalled/astonished/horrified", "*yišrōq*": "he will hiss/whistle (gesture of scorn or amazement)", "*makkôtêhā*": "her wounds/plagues/disasters" } }
• Jer 50:21 : 21 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.50.21", "source": "עַל־הָאָ֤רֶץ מְרָתַ֙יִם֙ עֲלֵ֣ה עָלֶ֔יהָ וְאֶל־יוֹשְׁבֵ֖י פְּק֑וֹד חֲרֹ֨ב וְהַחֲרֵ֤ם אַֽחֲרֵיהֶם֙ נְאֻם־יְהוָ֔ה וַעֲשֵׂ֕ה כְּכֹ֖ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר צִוִּיתִֽיךָ׃ ס", "text": "Against the *ʾarets* *məratayim* *ʿaleh* against her and against *yoshvey* *pəqod* *ḥarov* and *haḥarem* after them *nəʾum*-*YHWH* and *ʿaseh* according to all which *tsivviticha*.", "grammar": { "*ʾarets*": "noun, feminine singular + definite article - the land", "*məratayim*": "proper noun/place name - Merathaim", "*ʿaleh*": "imperative, masculine singular - go up", "*yoshvey*": "participle, masculine plural construct - inhabitants of", "*pəqod*": "proper noun/place name - Pekod", "*ḥarov*": "imperative, masculine singular - destroy/slay", "*haḥarem*": "Hiphil imperative, masculine singular - utterly destroy/devote to destruction", "*nəʾum*": "construct noun - declaration of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʿaseh*": "imperative, masculine singular - do", "*tsivviticha*": "Piel perfect, 1st person singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - I have commanded you" }, "variants": { "*ʾarets*": "land/earth/territory", "*məratayim*": "Double Rebellion/Double Bitterness (symbolic name for Babylon)", "*ʿaleh*": "go up/ascend/attack", "*pəqod*": "Visitation/Punishment (symbolic name for Babylonian region)", "*ḥarov*": "destroy/slay/waste", "*haḥarem*": "utterly destroy/ban/devote to destruction", "*ʿaseh*": "do/perform/accomplish" } }
• Jer 50:39 : 39 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.50.39", "source": "לָכֵ֗ן יֵשְׁב֤וּ צִיִּים֙ אֶת־אִיִּ֔ים וְיָ֥שְׁבוּ בָ֖הּ בְּנ֣וֹת יַֽעֲנָ֑ה וְלֹֽא־תֵשֵׁ֥ב עוֹד֙ לָנֶ֔צַח וְלֹ֥א תִשְׁכּ֖וֹן עַד־דּ֥וֹר וָדֽוֹר׃", "text": "Therefore *yēšbû* *ṣiyyîm* with-*ʾiyyîm*, and-*yāšbû* in-her *bĕnôt* *yaʿănâ*; and-not-*tēšēb* again *lāneṣaḥ*, and-not *tiškôn* unto-*dôr* *wādôr*.", "grammar": { "*lākēn*": "adverb - therefore/thus", "*yēšbû*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they will dwell/inhabit", "*ṣiyyîm*": "masculine plural noun - desert creatures/wild beasts", "*ʾet*": "preposition - with", "*ʾiyyîm*": "masculine plural noun - howling creatures/jackals", "*wĕ*": "conjunction - and", "*yāšbû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd plural - they will dwell", "*bāh*": "preposition with 3rd feminine singular suffix - in her", "*bĕnôt*": "feminine plural noun, construct - daughters of", "*yaʿănâ*": "feminine singular noun - ostrich", "*wĕ*": "conjunction - and", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*tēšēb*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - she will be inhabited", "*ʿôd*": "adverb - again/still/yet", "*lāneṣaḥ*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - forever", "*wĕ*": "conjunction - and", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*tiškôn*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - she will be inhabited/dwelt in", "*ʿad*": "preposition - until/unto", "*dôr*": "masculine singular noun - generation", "*wādôr*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun - and generation" }, "variants": { "*ṣiyyîm*": "desert creatures/wild beasts/wild cats", "*ʾiyyîm*": "howling creatures/jackals/hyenas", "*bĕnôt yaʿănâ*": "daughters of the ostrich/ostriches/owl", "*tēšēb*": "will be inhabited/dwelt in/lived in", "*lāneṣaḥ*": "forever/eternally/perpetually", "*tiškôn*": "will be inhabited/dwelt in", "*dôr wādôr*": "generation to generation/forever" } }
• Jer 50:45 : 45 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.50.45", "source": "לָכֵ֞ן שִׁמְע֣וּ עֲצַת־יְהוָ֗ה אֲשֶׁ֤ר יָעַץ֙ אֶל־בָּבֶ֔ל וּמַ֨חְשְׁבוֹתָ֔יו אֲשֶׁ֥ר חָשַׁ֖ב אֶל־אֶ֣רֶץ כַּשְׂדִּ֑ים אִם־לֹ֤א יִסְחָבוּם֙ צְעִירֵ֣י הַצֹּ֔אן אִם־לֹ֥א יַשִּׁ֛ים עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם נָוֶֽה׃", "text": "Therefore *šimʿû* *ʿăṣat*-*YHWH* which *yāʿaṣ* against-*bābel* and-*maḥšĕbôtāyw* which *ḥāšab* against-*ʾereṣ* *kaśdîm*: *ʾim*-not *yisḥābûm* *ṣĕʿîrê* *haṣṣōʾn*, *ʾim*-not *yaššîm* upon-them *nāweh*.", "grammar": { "*lākēn*": "adverb - therefore/thus", "*šimʿû*": "Qal imperative, masculine plural - hear/listen", "*ʿăṣat*": "feminine singular noun, construct - counsel/plan of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - personal name of God", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*yāʿaṣ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he has purposed/planned", "*ʾel*": "preposition - against/concerning", "*bābel*": "proper noun - Babylon", "*û*": "conjunction - and", "*maḥšĕbôtāyw*": "feminine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his thoughts/plans", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*ḥāšab*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he has devised", "*ʾel*": "preposition - against/concerning", "*ʾereṣ*": "feminine singular noun, construct - land of", "*kaśdîm*": "proper noun, plural - Chaldeans", "*ʾim*": "conditional particle - if", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yisḥābûm*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - they will drag them away", "*ṣĕʿîrê*": "adjective, masculine plural construct - little ones of", "*haṣṣōʾn*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the flock", "*ʾim*": "conditional particle - if", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yaššîm*": "Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will make desolate", "*ʿălêhem*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - upon them", "*nāweh*": "masculine singular noun - habitation/pasture" }, "variants": { "*šimʿû*": "hear/listen/heed", "*ʿăṣat*": "counsel/plan/purpose", "*yāʿaṣ*": "purposed/planned/devised", "*maḥšĕbôtāyw*": "his thoughts/plans/intentions", "*ḥāšab*": "devised/planned/purposed", "*kaśdîm*": "Chaldeans (people of Babylonia)", "*yisḥābûm*": "will drag them away/pull them/draw them", "*ṣĕʿîrê*": "little ones/young/least of", "*haṣṣōʾn*": "the flock/sheep (metaphor for weak ones)", "*yaššîm*": "make desolate/devastate/lay waste", "*nāweh*": "habitation/pasture/dwelling place" } }
• Jer 51:25 : 25 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.51.25", "source": "הִנְנִ֨י אֵלֶ֜יךָ הַ֤ר הַמַּשְׁחִית֙ נְאֻם־יְהוָ֔ה הַמַּשְׁחִ֖ית אֶת־כָּל־הָאָ֑רֶץ וְנָטִ֨יתִי אֶת־יָדִ֜י עָלֶ֗יךָ וְגִלְגַּלְתִּ֙יךָ֙ מִן־הַסְּלָעִ֔ים וּנְתַתִּ֖יךָ לְהַ֥ר שְׂרֵפָֽה׃", "text": "*Hineni* to you, *har ha-mashchit*, *ne'um-YHWH*, *ha-mashchit 'et* all *ha-'arets*; and I shall *natah 'et-yadi* upon you, and I shall *gilgal* you from *ha-sela'im*, and I shall *natan* you to *har serefah*.", "grammar": { "*hineni*": "interjection + 1st person singular suffix - behold me/here I am", "*'eleyka*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - to you", "*har*": "noun, masculine singular construct - mountain/hill", "*ha-mashchit*": "article + participle, Hiphil active, masculine singular - the destroyer", "*ne'um-YHWH*": "construct phrase + proper noun - declaration of YHWH", "*ha-mashchit*": "article + participle, Hiphil active, masculine singular - the destroyer", "*'et*": "direct object marker", "*kol-ha-'arets*": "noun, masculine singular construct + article + noun, feminine singular - all the earth/land", "*we-natiti*": "conjunction + verb, Qal perfect, 1st person singular - and I will stretch out", "*'et-yadi*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my hand", "*'aleyka*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - upon you", "*we-gilgaltikha*": "conjunction + verb, Pilpel perfect, 1st person singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - and I will roll you down", "*min-ha-sela'im*": "preposition + article + noun, masculine plural - from the rocks/cliffs", "*u-netattikha*": "conjunction + verb, Qal perfect, 1st person singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - and I will make you", "*le-har*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - to a mountain of", "*serefah*": "noun, feminine singular - burning/combustion" }, "variants": { "*hineni*": "behold me/here I am/I am ready", "*har ha-mashchit*": "mountain of destruction/destroying mountain", "*mashchit*": "destroyer/destructor/one who causes ruin", "*natah yad*": "stretch out hand/extend power", "*gilgal*": "roll down/tumble/roll away", "*sela'im*": "rocks/cliffs/crags", "*har serefah*": "mountain of burning/burnt mountain/volcano" } }
• Jer 51:29 : 29 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.51.29", "source": "וַתִּרְעַ֥שׁ הָאָ֖רֶץ וַתָּחֹ֑ל כִּ֣י קָ֤מָה עַל־בָּבֶל֙ מַחְשְׁב֣וֹת יְהוָ֔ה לָשׂ֞וּם אֶת־אֶ֧רֶץ בָּבֶ֛ל לְשַׁמָּ֖ה מֵאֵ֥ין יוֹשֵֽׁב׃", "text": "And *ra'ash ha-'arets* and *chul*; for *qum* against *Babel machshevot YHWH*, to *sum 'et-'erets Babel le-shammah me'eyn yoshev*.", "grammar": { "*wa-tir'ash*": "conjunction + verb, Qal imperfect + consecutive, 3rd person feminine singular - and it trembles", "*ha-'arets*": "article + noun, feminine singular - the earth/land", "*wa-tachol*": "conjunction + verb, Qal imperfect + consecutive, 3rd person feminine singular - and it writhes", "*ki*": "conjunction - for/because", "*qamah*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - she arises/stands", "*'al-Babel*": "preposition + proper noun - against Babylon", "*machshevot*": "noun, feminine plural construct - plans/thoughts of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Divine Name", "*la-sum*": "preposition + verb, Qal infinitive construct - to make", "*'et-'erets*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular construct - the land of", "*Babel*": "proper noun - Babylon", "*le-shammah*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - for a desolation", "*me'eyn*": "preposition + construct particle - without", "*yoshev*": "participle, Qal active, masculine singular - inhabitant/dweller" }, "variants": { "*ra'ash*": "tremble/quake/shake", "*chul*": "writhe/twist/be in pain", "*qum*": "arise/stand/be established", "*machshevot*": "plans/thoughts/devices/designs", "*sum*": "put/place/set/make", "*shammah*": "desolation/waste/horror", "*me'eyn yoshev*": "without inhabitant/with no one dwelling" } }
• Jer 51:37 : 37 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.51.37", "source": "וְהָיְתָה֩ בָבֶ֨ל ׀ לְגַלִּ֧ים ׀ מְעוֹן־תַּנִּ֛ים שַׁמָּ֥ה וּשְׁרֵקָ֖ה מֵאֵ֥ין יוֹשֵֽׁב", "text": "And-*hāyətāh* *Bābel* to-*gallîm* *məʿôn*-*tannîm* *šammāh* and-*šərēqāh* from-*ʾên* *yôšēb*", "grammar": { "*hāyətāh*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd singular feminine - she will become/she will be", "*Bābel*": "proper noun - Babylon", "*gallîm*": "noun, masculine plural - heaps/ruins", "*məʿôn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - dwelling place of", "*tannîm*": "noun, masculine plural - jackals/dragons", "*šammāh*": "noun, feminine singular - horror/astonishment", "*šərēqāh*": "noun, feminine singular - hissing/derision", "*ʾên*": "particle of negation - without/there is not", "*yôšēb*": "participle, Qal masculine singular - inhabitant/dweller" }, "variants": { "*gallîm*": "heaps/ruins/piles", "*məʿôn*": "dwelling place/habitation/den", "*tannîm*": "jackals/dragons/serpents", "*šammāh*": "horror/astonishment/desolation", "*šərēqāh*": "hissing/derision/scorn" } }