Verse 1

{ "verseID": "Jeremiah.23.1", "source": "הוֹי רֹעִים מְאַבְּדִים וּמְפִצִים אֶת־צֹאן מַרְעִיתִי נְאֻם־יְהוָה", "text": "*Hôy* *rōʿîm* *məʾabbədîm* *ûməp̄îṣîm* *ʾet*-*ṣōʾn* *marʿîtî* *nəʾum*-*YHWH*", "grammar": { "*Hôy*": "interjection - woe/alas", "*rōʿîm*": "masculine plural participle - shepherds/pastors", "*məʾabbədîm*": "piel masculine plural participle - destroying/causing to perish", "*ûməp̄îṣîm*": "conjunction + hiphil masculine plural participle - and scattering/dispersing", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ṣōʾn*": "feminine singular collective noun - flock/sheep", "*marʿîtî*": "noun + 1st person singular possessive suffix - my pasture", "*nəʾum*": "construct state - declaration/utterance of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD" }, "variants": { "*Hôy*": "woe/alas/ah", "*rōʿîm*": "shepherds/pastors/those who tend", "*məʾabbədîm*": "destroying/causing to perish/ruining", "*məp̄îṣîm*": "scattering/dispersing/spreading abroad", "*marʿîtî*": "my pasture/my pasturage/my flock" } }

Other Translations

Referenced Verses

  • Jer 10:21 : 21 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.10.21", "source": "כִּ֤י נִבְעֲרוּ֙ הָֽרֹעִ֔ים וְאֶת־יְהוָ֖ה לֹ֣א דָרָ֑שׁוּ עַל־כֵּן֙ לֹ֣א הִשְׂכִּ֔ילוּ וְכָל־מַרְעִיתָ֖ם נָפֽוֹצָה׃", "text": "*Kî* *nibʿărû* *hā-rōʿîm* and-*ʾet*-*YHWH* not *dārāšû* upon-thus not *hiśkîlû* and-all-*marʿîtām* *nāfôṣāh*", "grammar": { "*nibʿărû*": "niphal perfect, 3rd common plural - they are brutish/stupid", "*hā-rōʿîm*": "definite article + qal participle, masculine plural - the shepherds", "*dārāšû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they have sought", "*hiśkîlû*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd common plural - they have prospered/succeeded", "*marʿîtām*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their flock/pasture", "*nāfôṣāh*": "niphal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - it is scattered/dispersed" }, "variants": { "*nibʿărû*": "are brutish/stupid/senseless/ignorant", "*hā-rōʿîm*": "the shepherds/pastors/rulers", "*dārāšû*": "have sought/inquired of/consulted/investigated", "*hiśkîlû*": "have prospered/succeeded/acted wisely/had insight", "*marʿîtām*": "their flock/pasture/feeding place", "*nāfôṣāh*": "is scattered/dispersed/spread abroad" } }
  • Zech 11:15-17 : 15 { "verseID": "Zechariah.11.15", "source": "וַיֹּ֥אמֶר יְהוָ֖ה אֵלָ֑י ע֣וֹד קַח־לְךָ֔ כְּלִ֖י רֹעֶ֥ה אֱוִלִֽי׃", "text": "*wayyōʾmer* *YHWH* *ʾēlāy* *ʿôḏ* *qaḥ-ləḵā* *kəlî* *rōʿeh* *ʾĕwîlî*", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "conjunction + imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular, qal - and said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾēlāy*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - to me", "*ʿôḏ*": "adverb - again/still/yet", "*qaḥ-ləḵā*": "imperative, masculine singular, qal + preposition with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - take for yourself", "*kəlî*": "noun, masculine singular construct - implements/equipment of", "*rōʿeh*": "participle, masculine singular, qal - shepherd", "*ʾĕwîlî*": "adjective, masculine singular - foolish" }, "variants": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "and said/spoke", "*ʾēlāy*": "to me", "*ʿôḏ*": "again/still/yet/furthermore", "*qaḥ-ləḵā*": "take for yourself/get for yourself", "*kəlî*": "implements/equipment/instruments of", "*rōʿeh*": "shepherd/pastor", "*ʾĕwîlî*": "foolish/worthless/good-for-nothing" } } 16 { "verseID": "Zechariah.11.16", "source": "כִּ֣י הִנֵּֽה־אָנֹכִי֩ מֵקִ֨ים רֹעֶ֜ה בָּאָ֗רֶץ הַנִּכְחָד֤וֹת לֹֽא־יִפְקֹד֙ הַנַּ֣עַר לֹֽא־יְבַקֵּ֔שׁ וְהַנִּשְׁבֶּ֖רֶת לֹ֣א יְרַפֵּ֑א הַנִּצָּבָה֙ לֹ֣א יְכַלְכֵּ֔ל וּבְשַׂ֤ר הַבְּרִיאָה֙ יֹאכַ֔ל וּפַרְסֵיהֶ֖ן יְפָרֵֽק׃ ס", "text": "*kî* *hinnēh-ʾānōḵî* *mēqîm* *rōʿeh* *bāʾāreṣ* *hannikḥāḏôṯ* *lōʾ-yip̄qōḏ* *hannaʿar* *lōʾ-yəḇaqqēš* *wəhannišbereṯ* *lōʾ* *yərappēʾ* *hanniṣṣāḇāh* *lōʾ* *yəḵalkēl* *ûḇəśar* *habbrîʾāh* *yōʾḵal* *ûp̄arsêhen* *yəp̄ārēq*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*hinnēh-ʾānōḵî*": "demonstrative particle + personal pronoun, 1st person singular - behold I", "*mēqîm*": "participle, masculine singular, hiphil - raising up", "*rōʿeh*": "participle, masculine singular, qal - shepherd", "*bāʾāreṣ*": "preposition + article + noun, feminine singular - in the land", "*hannikḥāḏôṯ*": "article + participle, feminine plural, niphal - the ones being cut off", "*lōʾ-yip̄qōḏ*": "negative particle + imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular, qal - he will not visit/attend to", "*hannaʿar*": "article + noun, masculine singular - the young one", "*lōʾ-yəḇaqqēš*": "negative particle + imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular, piel - he will not seek", "*wəhannišbereṯ*": "conjunction + article + participle, feminine singular, niphal - and the broken one", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yərappēʾ*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular, piel - he will heal", "*hanniṣṣāḇāh*": "article + participle, feminine singular, niphal - the one standing/healthy", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yəḵalkēl*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular, pilpel - he will sustain", "*ûḇəśar*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - and flesh of", "*habbrîʾāh*": "article + adjective, feminine singular - the fat one", "*yōʾḵal*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular, qal - he will eat", "*ûp̄arsêhen*": "conjunction + noun, feminine dual construct with 3rd person feminine plural suffix - and their hooves", "*yəp̄ārēq*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular, piel - he will tear off" }, "variants": { "*kî*": "for/because/indeed", "*hinnēh*": "behold/look", "*ʾānōḵî*": "I/myself", "*mēqîm*": "raising up/establishing/appointing", "*rōʿeh*": "shepherd/pastor", "*bāʾāreṣ*": "in the land/in the country", "*hannikḥāḏôṯ*": "the ones being cut off/the perishing/the lost", "*yip̄qōḏ*": "will visit/attend to/care for", "*hannaʿar*": "the young one/the straying/the scattered", "*yəḇaqqēš*": "will seek/search for", "*hannišbereṯ*": "the broken one/the injured", "*yərappēʾ*": "will heal/cure", "*hanniṣṣāḇāh*": "the one standing/the healthy/the sound", "*yəḵalkēl*": "will sustain/nourish/support", "*bəśar*": "flesh/meat of", "*habbrîʾāh*": "the fat one/the healthy one", "*yōʾḵal*": "will eat/devour/consume", "*p̄arsêhen*": "their hooves/their feet", "*yəp̄ārēq*": "will tear off/break/tear in pieces" } } 17 { "verseID": "Zechariah.11.17", "source": "ה֣וֹי רֹעִ֤י הֽ͏ָאֱלִיל֙ עֹזְבִ֣י הַצֹּ֔אן חֶ֥רֶב עַל־זְרוֹע֖וֹ וְעַל־עֵ֣ין יְמִינ֑וֹ זְרֹעוֹ֙ יָב֣וֹשׁ תִּיבָ֔שׁ וְעֵ֥ין יְמִינ֖וֹ כָּהֹ֥ה תִכְהֶֽה׃ ס", "text": "*hôy* *rōʿî* *hāʾĕlîl* *ʿōzəḇî* *haṣṣōʾn* *ḥereḇ* *ʿal-zərôʿô* *wəʿal-ʿên* *yəmînô* *zərōʿô* *yāḇôš* *tîḇāš* *wəʿên* *yəmînô* *kāhōh* *ṯiḵheh*", "grammar": { "*hôy*": "interjection - woe", "*rōʿî*": "participle, masculine singular construct, qal - shepherd of", "*hāʾĕlîl*": "article + noun, masculine singular - the worthlessness", "*ʿōzəḇî*": "participle, masculine singular construct, qal - one abandoning", "*haṣṣōʾn*": "article + noun, feminine singular - the flock", "*ḥereḇ*": "noun, feminine singular - sword", "*ʿal-zərôʿô*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - against his arm", "*wəʿal-ʿên*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - and against eye of", "*yəmînô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his right", "*zərōʿô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his arm", "*yāḇôš*": "infinitive absolute, qal - withering", "*tîḇāš*": "imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular, qal - it shall wither", "*wəʿên*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular construct - and eye of", "*yəmînô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his right", "*kāhōh*": "infinitive absolute, qal - dimming", "*ṯiḵheh*": "imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular, qal - it shall be dimmed" }, "variants": { "*hôy*": "woe/alas", "*rōʿî*": "shepherd of/pastor of", "*hāʾĕlîl*": "the worthlessness/the nothingness/the idol", "*ʿōzəḇî*": "one abandoning/deserting/leaving", "*haṣṣōʾn*": "the flock/the sheep", "*ḥereḇ*": "sword/drought", "*zərôʿô*": "his arm/his power", "*ʿên*": "eye of", "*yəmînô*": "his right (eye)", "*yāḇôš tîḇāš*": "shall completely wither/shall surely dry up", "*kāhōh ṯiḵheh*": "shall be completely dimmed/shall surely be darkened" } }
  • Ezek 34:2-9 : 2 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.34.2", "source": "בֶּן־אָדָ֕ם הִנָּבֵ֖א עַל־רוֹעֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל הִנָּבֵ֣א וְאָמַרְתָּ֩ אֲלֵיהֶ֨ם לָרֹעִ֜ים כֹּ֥ה אָמַ֣ר ׀ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֗ה ה֤וֹי רֹעֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ אֲשֶׁ֤ר הָיוּ֙ רֹעִ֣ים אוֹתָ֔ם הֲל֣וֹא הַצֹּ֔אן יִרְע֖וּ הָרֹעִֽים׃", "text": "*ben*-*ʾādām* *hinnāḇēʾ* against-*rôʿê* *Yiśrāʾēl* *hinnāḇēʾ* and-*ʾāmartā* unto-them to-the-*rōʿîm* thus *ʾāmar* *ʾădōnāy* *YHWH* *hôy* *rōʿê*-*Yiśrāʾēl* who *hāyû* *rōʿîm* them, *hălôʾ* the-*ṣōʾn* *yirʿû* the-*rōʿîm*?", "grammar": { "*ben*": "construct state, masculine singular - son of", "*ʾādām*": "proper noun, masculine singular - man/Adam/mankind", "*hinnāḇēʾ*": "niphal imperative, masculine singular - prophesy", "*rôʿê*": "plural construct state - shepherds of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun", "*ʾāmartā*": "qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular with waw-consecutive - and you will say", "*rōʿîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - shepherds", "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - said/spoke", "*ʾădōnāy*": "proper noun, divine title - my Lord", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*hôy*": "interjection - woe/alas", "*hāyû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they were", "*hălôʾ*": "interrogative particle - is it not?", "*ṣōʾn*": "common noun, feminine singular collective - flock/sheep", "*yirʿû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they feed/shepherd" }, "variants": { "*ben*-*ʾādām*": "son of man/human", "*hinnāḇēʾ*": "prophesy/speak as a prophet", "*rôʿê*": "shepherds/pastors/rulers", "*ʾāmartā*": "you shall say/speak", "*rōʿîm*": "shepherds/those who feed", "*hôy*": "woe/alas/ah", "*hālôʾ*": "is it not?/shouldn't?", "*ṣōʾn*": "flock/sheep/small cattle", "*yirʿû*": "they should feed/tend/shepherd" } } 3 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.34.3", "source": "אֶת־הַחֵ֤לֶב תֹּאכֵ֙לוּ֙ וְאֶת־הַצֶּ֣מֶר תִּלְבָּ֔שׁוּ הַבְּרִיאָ֖ה תִּזְבָּ֑חוּ הַצֹּ֖אן לֹ֥א תִרְעֽוּ׃", "text": "*ʾēṯ*-the-*ḥēleḇ* *tōʾḵēlû* and-*ʾēṯ*-the-*ṣemer* *tilbāšû*, the-*bərîʾâ* *tizbāḥû*, the-*ṣōʾn* not *ṯirʿû*.", "grammar": { "*ʾēṯ*": "direct object marker", "*ḥēleḇ*": "common noun, masculine singular - fat", "*tōʾḵēlû*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you eat", "*ṣemer*": "common noun, masculine singular - wool", "*tilbāšû*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you clothe/wear", "*bərîʾâ*": "adjective, feminine singular - fat/fattened", "*tizbāḥû*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you slaughter/sacrifice", "*ṣōʾn*": "common noun, feminine singular collective - flock/sheep", "*ṯirʿû*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you feed/shepherd" }, "variants": { "*ḥēleḇ*": "fat/best part", "*tōʾḵēlû*": "you eat/consume/devour", "*ṣemer*": "wool/fleece", "*tilbāšû*": "you wear/clothe yourselves with", "*bərîʾâ*": "fat/fattened/plump [animal]", "*tizbāḥû*": "you slaughter/kill/sacrifice", "*ṯirʿû*": "you shepherd/feed/tend" } } 4 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.34.4", "source": "אֶֽת־הַנַּחְלוֹת֩ לֹ֨א חִזַּקְתֶּ֜ם וְאֶת־הַחוֹלָ֣ה לֹֽא־רִפֵּאתֶ֗ם וְלַנִּשְׁבֶּ֙רֶת֙ לֹ֣א חֲבַשְׁתֶּ֔ם וְאֶת־הַנִּדַּ֙חַת֙ לֹ֣א הֲשֵׁבֹתֶ֔ם וְאֶת־הָאֹבֶ֖דֶת לֹ֣א בִקַּשְׁתֶּ֑ם וּבְחָזְקָ֛ה רְדִיתֶ֥ם אֹתָ֖ם וּבְפָֽרֶךְ׃", "text": "*ʾēṯ*-the-*naḥlôṯ* not *ḥizzaqtem* and-*ʾēṯ*-the-*ḥôlâ* not-*rippēʾṯem* and-to-the-*nišbereṯ* not *ḥăḇaštem* and-*ʾēṯ*-the-*niddaḥaṯ* not *hăšēḇōṯem* and-*ʾēṯ*-the-*ʾōḇedeṯ* not *biqqaštem*, and-in-*ḥozqâ* *rəḏîṯem* them and-in-*pāreḵ*.", "grammar": { "*ʾēṯ*": "direct object marker", "*naḥlôṯ*": "niphal participle, feminine plural - weak/sick ones", "*ḥizzaqtem*": "piel perfect, 2nd masculine plural - you strengthened", "*ḥôlâ*": "qal participle, feminine singular - sick one", "*rippēʾṯem*": "piel perfect, 2nd masculine plural - you healed", "*nišbereṯ*": "niphal participle, feminine singular - broken one", "*ḥăḇaštem*": "qal perfect, 2nd masculine plural - you bound up", "*niddaḥaṯ*": "niphal participle, feminine singular - driven away/scattered one", "*hăšēḇōṯem*": "hiphil perfect, 2nd masculine plural - you brought back", "*ʾōḇedeṯ*": "qal participle, feminine singular - lost one", "*biqqaštem*": "piel perfect, 2nd masculine plural - you sought", "*ḥozqâ*": "noun, feminine singular - strength/force", "*rəḏîṯem*": "qal perfect, 2nd masculine plural - you ruled", "*pāreḵ*": "noun, masculine singular - harshness/severity" }, "variants": { "*naḥlôṯ*": "weak/sick/diseased ones", "*ḥizzaqtem*": "you strengthened/made strong/supported", "*ḥôlâ*": "sick/ill/diseased one", "*rippēʾṯem*": "you healed/cured", "*nišbereṯ*": "broken/injured/fractured one", "*ḥăḇaštem*": "you bound up/bandaged", "*niddaḥaṯ*": "driven away/banished/outcast one", "*hăšēḇōṯem*": "you brought back/returned/restored", "*ʾōḇedeṯ*": "lost/straying/perishing one", "*biqqaštem*": "you sought/searched for", "*ḥozqâ*": "force/harshness/severity", "*rəḏîṯem*": "you ruled/dominated/governed", "*pāreḵ*": "harshness/rigor/cruelty" } } 5 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.34.5", "source": "וַתְּפוּצֶ֖ינָה מִבְּלִ֣י רֹעֶ֑ה וַתִּהְיֶ֧ינָה לְאָכְלָ֛ה לְכָל־חַיַּ֥ת הַשָּׂדֶ֖ה וַתְּפוּצֶֽינָה׃", "text": "And-*wattəp̄ûṣeynâ* from-without *rōʿeh*, and-*wattiḥyeynâ* for-*ʾoḵlâ* to-all-*ḥayyaṯ* the-*śāḏeh* and-*wattəp̄ûṣeynâ*.", "grammar": { "*wattəp̄ûṣeynâ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine plural with waw-consecutive - and they were scattered", "*rōʿeh*": "qal participle, masculine singular - shepherd", "*wattiḥyeynâ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine plural with waw-consecutive - and they became", "*ʾoḵlâ*": "noun, feminine singular - food", "*ḥayyaṯ*": "construct state, feminine singular - living thing/beast of", "*śāḏeh*": "noun, masculine singular - field" }, "variants": { "*wattəp̄ûṣeynâ*": "and they were scattered/dispersed", "*rōʿeh*": "shepherd/herdsman/pastor", "*wattiḥyeynâ*": "and they became/were", "*ʾoḵlâ*": "food/prey/consumption", "*ḥayyaṯ*": "beasts/animals of", "*śāḏeh*": "field/open country/wild" } } 6 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.34.6", "source": "יִשְׁגּ֤וּ צֹאנִי֙ בְּכָל־הֶ֣הָרִ֔ים וְעַ֖ל כָּל־גִּבְעָ֣ה רָמָ֑ה וְעַ֨ל כָּל־פְּנֵ֤י הָאָ֙רֶץ֙ נָפֹ֣צוּ צֹאנִ֔י וְאֵ֥ין דּוֹרֵ֖שׁ וְאֵ֥ין מְבַקֵּֽשׁ׃", "text": "*yišgû* *ṣōʾnî* in-all-the-*hehārîm* and-on all-*giḇʿâ* *rāmâ*, and-on all-*pənê* the-*ʾāreṣ* *nāp̄ōṣû* *ṣōʾnî* and-*ʾên* *dôrēš* and-*ʾên* *məḇaqqēš*.", "grammar": { "*yišgû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd common plural - they wander/go astray", "*ṣōʾnî*": "common noun, feminine singular construct with 1st singular suffix - my flock", "*hehārîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the mountains", "*giḇʿâ*": "noun, feminine singular - hill", "*rāmâ*": "adjective, feminine singular - high/lofty", "*pənê*": "noun, common plural construct - faces of", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the land/earth", "*nāp̄ōṣû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they were scattered", "*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there is not", "*dôrēš*": "qal participle, masculine singular - seeking", "*məḇaqqēš*": "piel participle, masculine singular - searching" }, "variants": { "*yišgû*": "they wander/go astray/err", "*ṣōʾnî*": "my flock/sheep", "*hehārîm*": "the mountains/hills", "*giḇʿâ*": "hill/height", "*rāmâ*": "high/lofty/exalted", "*pənê*": "face/surface of", "*ʾāreṣ*": "land/earth/ground", "*nāp̄ōṣû*": "they were scattered/dispersed", "*dôrēš*": "one seeking/inquiring/caring for", "*məḇaqqēš*": "one searching for/looking for" } } 7 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.34.7", "source": "לָכֵ֣ן רֹעִ֔ים שִׁמְע֖וּ אֶת־דְּבַ֥ר יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "Therefore, *rōʿîm*, *šimʿû* *ʾēṯ*-*dəḇar* *YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*rōʿîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - shepherds", "*šimʿû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - hear/listen", "*ʾēṯ*": "direct object marker", "*dəḇar*": "construct state, masculine singular - word of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name" }, "variants": { "*rōʿîm*": "shepherds/pastors/rulers", "*šimʿû*": "hear/listen to/obey", "*dəḇar*": "word/speech/matter" } } 8 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.34.8", "source": "חַי־אָ֜נִי נְאֻ֣ם ׀ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֗ה אִם־לֹ֣א יַ֣עַן הֱיֽוֹת־צֹאנִ֣י ׀ לָבַ֡ז וַתִּֽהְיֶינָה֩ צֹאנִ֨י לְאָכְלָ֜ה לְכָל־חַיַּ֤ת הַשָּׂדֶה֙ מֵאֵ֣ין רֹעֶ֔ה וְלֹֽא־דָרְשׁ֥וּ רֹעַ֖י אֶת־צֹאנִ֑י וַיִּרְע֤וּ הָֽרֹעִים֙ אוֹתָ֔ם וְאֶת־צֹאנִ֖י לֹ֥א רָעֽוּ׃", "text": "*ḥay*-I, *nəʾum* *ʾăḏōnāy* *YHWH*, *ʾim*-not, *yaʿan* *hĕyôṯ*-*ṣōʾnî* for-*baz*, and-*wattiḥyeynâ* *ṣōʾnî* for-*ʾoḵlâ* to-all-*ḥayyaṯ* the-*śāḏeh* from-*ʾên* *rōʿeh*, and-not-*dārəšû* *rōʿay* *ʾēṯ*-*ṣōʾnî*, and-*wayyirʿû* the-*rōʿîm* them, and-*ʾēṯ*-*ṣōʾnî* not *rāʿû*.", "grammar": { "*ḥay*": "adjective, masculine singular - living/alive", "*nəʾum*": "noun, masculine singular construct - declaration of", "*ʾăḏōnāy*": "proper noun, divine title - my Lord", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*ʾim*": "conditional particle - if", "*yaʿan*": "conjunction - because", "*hĕyôṯ*": "qal infinitive construct - being", "*ṣōʾnî*": "common noun, feminine singular construct with 1st singular suffix - my flock", "*baz*": "noun, masculine singular - spoil/plunder", "*wattiḥyeynâ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine plural with waw-consecutive - and they became", "*ʾoḵlâ*": "noun, feminine singular - food", "*ḥayyaṯ*": "construct state, feminine singular - beast of", "*śāḏeh*": "noun, masculine singular - field", "*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there is not", "*rōʿeh*": "qal participle, masculine singular - shepherd", "*dārəšû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they sought", "*rōʿay*": "qal participle, masculine plural with 1st singular suffix - my shepherds", "*wayyirʿû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd common plural with waw-consecutive - and they fed", "*rōʿîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - shepherds", "*rāʿû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they fed" }, "variants": { "*ḥay*": "as I live/living", "*nəʾum*": "utterance/declaration/oracle of", "*yaʿan*": "because/on account of", "*hĕyôṯ*": "being/becoming", "*baz*": "prey/spoil/plunder", "*wattiḥyeynâ*": "and they became/were", "*ʾoḵlâ*": "food/prey", "*rōʿay*": "my shepherds/pastors", "*dārəšû*": "they sought/cared for/inquired after", "*wayyirʿû*": "and they fed/tended/shepherded", "*rāʿû*": "they fed/tended/shepherded" } } 9 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.34.9", "source": "לָכֵן֙ הָֽרֹעִ֔ים שִׁמְע֖וּ דְּבַר־יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "Therefore, the-*rōʿîm*, *šimʿû* *dəḇar*-*YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*rōʿîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural with definite article - the shepherds", "*šimʿû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - hear/listen", "*dəḇar*": "construct state, masculine singular - word of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name" }, "variants": { "*rōʿîm*": "shepherds/pastors/rulers", "*šimʿû*": "hear/listen to/obey", "*dəḇar*": "word/speech/matter" } } 10 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.34.10", "source": "כֹּה־אָמַ֞ר אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֗ה הִנְנִ֨י אֶֽל־הָרֹעִ֜ים וְֽדָרַשְׁתִּ֧י אֶת־צֹאנִ֣י מִיָּדָ֗ם וְהִשְׁבַּתִּים֙ מֵרְע֣וֹת צֹ֔אן וְלֹא־יִרְע֥וּ ע֛וֹד הָרֹעִ֖ים אוֹתָ֑ם וְהִצַּלְתִּ֤י צֹאנִי֙ מִפִּיהֶ֔ם וְלֹֽא־תִהְיֶ֥יןָ לָהֶ֖ם לְאָכְלָֽה׃", "text": "Thus-*ʾāmar* *ʾăḏōnāy* *YHWH*: *hinənî* against-the-*rōʿîm* and-*ḏārašətî* *ʾēṯ*-*ṣōʾnî* from-*yāḏām*, and-*hišbattîm* from-*rəʿôṯ* *ṣōʾn*, and-not-*yirʿû* again the-*rōʿîm* them, and-*hiṣṣaltî* *ṣōʾnî* from-*pîhem*, and-not-*ṯihyeynā* to-them for-*ʾoḵlâ*.", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - said", "*ʾăḏōnāy*": "proper noun, divine title - my Lord", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*hinənî*": "interjection with 1st singular suffix - behold me", "*rōʿîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural with definite article - the shepherds", "*ḏārašətî*": "qal perfect, 1st singular - I will require/demand", "*ʾēṯ*": "direct object marker", "*ṣōʾnî*": "common noun, feminine singular with 1st singular suffix - my flock", "*yāḏām*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their hand", "*hišbattîm*": "hiphil perfect, 1st singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - I will cause them to cease", "*rəʿôṯ*": "qal infinitive construct - shepherding/feeding", "*ṣōʾn*": "common noun, feminine singular - flock", "*yirʿû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they feed", "*hiṣṣaltî*": "hiphil perfect, 1st singular - I will deliver", "*pîhem*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their mouth", "*ṯihyeynā*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine plural - they will be", "*ʾoḵlâ*": "noun, feminine singular - food" }, "variants": { "*ʾāmar*": "said/spoke/declared", "*hinənî*": "behold me/here I am", "*ḏārašətî*": "I will require/demand/seek", "*yāḏām*": "their hand/power/control", "*hišbattîm*": "I will cause them to cease/stop/end", "*rəʿôṯ*": "feeding/shepherding/tending", "*yirʿû*": "they will feed/shepherd/tend", "*hiṣṣaltî*": "I will deliver/rescue/save", "*pîhem*": "their mouth/command", "*ṯihyeynā*": "they will be/become/exist", "*ʾoḵlâ*": "food/prey/meal" } }
  • Matt 9:36 : 36 { "verseID": "Matthew.9.36", "source": "¶Ἰδὼν δὲ τοὺς ὄχλους, ἐσπλαγχνίσθη περὶ αὐτῶν, ὅτι ἦσαν ἐκλελυμένοι, καὶ ἐρριμμένοι, ὡσεὶ πρόβατα μὴ ἔχοντα ποιμένα.", "text": "But having *idōn* the *ochlous*, he was *esplanchnisthē* concerning them, because they were *eklelymenoi*, and *errimmenoi*, like *probata* not having a *poimena*.", "grammar": { "*idōn*": "aorist active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having seen", "*ochlous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - crowds", "*esplanchnisthē*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person singular - was moved with compassion", "*eklelymenoi*": "perfect passive participle, nominative, masculine, plural - exhausted/weary", "*errimmenoi*": "perfect passive participle, nominative, masculine, plural - cast down/scattered", "*probata*": "nominative, neuter, plural - sheep", "*poimena*": "accusative, masculine, singular - shepherd" }, "variants": { "*idōn*": "having seen/seeing", "*ochlous*": "crowds/multitudes", "*esplanchnisthē*": "was moved with compassion/felt compassion", "*eklelymenoi*": "exhausted/weary/harassed/distressed", "*errimmenoi*": "cast down/scattered/thrown down/helpless", "*probata*": "sheep", "*poimena*": "shepherd/pastor" } }
  • Ezek 13:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.13.3", "source": "כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֔ה ה֖וֹי עַל־הַנְּבִיאִ֣ים הַנְּבָלִ֑ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר הֹלְכִ֛ים אַחַ֥ר רוּחָ֖ם וּלְבִלְתִּ֥י רָאֽוּ׃", "text": "*kōh* *ʾāmar* *ʾĂdōnāy* *YHWH* *hôy* *ʿal*-*ha-nəḇîʾîm* *ha-nəḇālîm* *ʾăšer* *hōləḵîm* *ʾaḥar* *rûḥām* *û-ləḇiltî* *rāʾû*", "grammar": { "*kōh*": "adverb - thus/so", "*ʾāmar*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - said/says", "*ʾĂdōnāy*": "noun + 1st person plural suffix used as divine title - my Lord", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*hôy*": "interjection - woe", "*ʿal*": "preposition - against/upon", "*ha-nəḇîʾîm*": "article + masculine plural noun - the prophets", "*ha-nəḇālîm*": "article + adjective masculine plural - the foolish/senseless", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who", "*hōləḵîm*": "Qal participle masculine plural - walking/following", "*ʾaḥar*": "preposition - after", "*rûḥām*": "noun feminine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their spirit", "*û-ləḇiltî*": "conjunction + preposition - and without", "*rāʾû*": "Qal perfect 3rd common plural - they have seen" }, "variants": { "*hôy*": "woe/alas/ah", "*ha-nəḇālîm*": "foolish/senseless/disgraceful", "*rûḥām*": "their spirit/wind/breath/mind", "*ləḇiltî*": "without/not/so as not to" } }
  • Isa 56:9-9 : 9 { "verseID": "Isaiah.56.9", "source": "כֹּ֖ל חַיְת֣וֹ שָׂדָ֑י אֵתָ֕יוּ לֶאֱכֹ֥ל כָּל־חַיְת֖וֹ בַּיָּֽעַר׃ ס", "text": "All *ḥaytô* *śādāy*, *ʾētāyû* to-*ʾĕkōl*, all-*ḥaytô* in-*yaʿar*.", "grammar": { "*kōl*": "noun, construct state - all of/every", "*ḥaytô*": "feminine singular construct noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his beast of", "*śādāy*": "masculine singular noun - field", "*ʾētāyû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - come", "*leʾĕkōl*": "preposition with qal infinitive construct - to eat/devour", "*kol*": "noun, construct state - all of/every", "*ḥaytô*": "feminine singular construct noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his beast of", "*bayyaʿar*": "preposition with definite article and masculine singular noun - in the forest" }, "variants": { "*ḥaytô śādāy*": "beasts of the field/wild animals", "*ʾētāyû*": "come!/arrive!/enter!", "*leʾĕkōl*": "to eat/devour/consume", "*ḥaytô bayyaʿar*": "beasts in the forest/wild animals in the woods" } } 10 { "verseID": "Isaiah.56.10", "source": "*צפו **צֹפָ֞יו עִוְרִ֤ים כֻּלָּם֙ לֹ֣א יָדָ֔עוּ כֻּלָּם֙ כְּלָבִ֣ים אִלְּמִ֔ים לֹ֥א יוּכְל֖וּ לִנְבֹּ֑חַ הֹזִים֙ שֹֽׁכְבִ֔ים אֹהֲבֵ֖י לָנֽוּם׃", "text": "*ṣōpāyw* *ʿiwrîm* *kullām*, not *yādāʿû*; *kullām* *kĕlābîm* *ʾillĕmîm*, not *yûklû* *linbōaḥ*; *hōzîm* *šōkĕbîm*, *ʾōhăbê* *lānûm*.", "grammar": { "*ṣōpāyw*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his watchmen", "*ʿiwrîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - blind", "*kullām*": "noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - all of them", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yādāʿû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they know/knew", "*kullām*": "noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - all of them", "*kĕlābîm*": "masculine plural noun - dogs", "*ʾillĕmîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - mute/unable to speak", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yûklû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they are able", "*linbōaḥ*": "preposition with qal infinitive construct - to bark", "*hōzîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - dreaming/seeing visions", "*šōkĕbîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - lying down", "*ʾōhăbê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - loving", "*lānûm*": "preposition with qal infinitive construct - to slumber" }, "variants": { "*ṣōpāyw*": "his watchmen/lookouts/sentinels", "*ʿiwrîm*": "blind/sightless", "*yādāʿû*": "they know/understand/perceive", "*kĕlābîm*": "dogs/scavengers", "*ʾillĕmîm*": "mute/silent/unable to speak", "*hōzîm*": "dreamers/visionaries/those seeing visions", "*šōkĕbîm*": "lying down/reclining", "*ʾōhăbê lānûm*": "loving to slumber/fond of sleeping" } } 11 { "verseID": "Isaiah.56.11", "source": "וְהַכְּלָבִ֣ים עַזֵּי־נֶ֗פֶשׁ לֹ֤א יָֽדְעוּ֙ שָׂבְעָ֔ה וְהֵ֣מָּה רֹעִ֔ים לֹ֥א יָדְע֖וּ הָבִ֑ין כֻּלָּם֙ לְדַרְכָּ֣ם פָּנ֔וּ אִ֥ישׁ לְבִצְע֖וֹ מִקָּצֵֽהוּ׃", "text": "And *hakkĕlābîm* *ʿazzê*-*nepeš*, not *yādĕʿû* *śobʿāh*; and they [are] *rōʿîm* [who] not *yādĕʿû* *hābîn*; *kullām* to-*darkām* *pānû*, *ʾîš* to-*biṣʿô* from-*qāṣēhû*.", "grammar": { "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*hakkĕlābîm*": "definite article with masculine plural noun - the dogs", "*ʿazzê*": "adjective, masculine plural construct - fierce/strong/greedy of", "*nepeš*": "feminine singular noun - soul/appetite/desire", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yādĕʿû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they know", "*śobʿāh*": "feminine singular noun - satisfaction/fullness", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*hēmmāh*": "3rd masculine plural pronoun - they", "*rōʿîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - shepherds/pastors", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yādĕʿû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they know", "*hābîn*": "hiphil infinitive construct - to understand/discern", "*kullām*": "noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - all of them", "*lĕdarkām*": "preposition with feminine singular noun and 3rd masculine plural suffix - to their way", "*pānû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they turned", "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - each man/each one", "*lĕbiṣʿô*": "preposition with masculine singular noun and 3rd masculine singular suffix - to his gain", "*miqqāṣēhû*": "preposition with masculine singular noun and 3rd masculine singular suffix - from his end/extremity" }, "variants": { "*hakkĕlābîm*": "the dogs/scavengers", "*ʿazzê-nepeš*": "greedy of appetite/fierce in soul/strong in desire", "*śobʿāh*": "satisfaction/fullness/contentment", "*rōʿîm*": "shepherds/pastors/leaders", "*hābîn*": "to understand/discern/have insight", "*pānû*": "they turned/faced/looked", "*lĕbiṣʿô*": "to his gain/profit/unjust gain", "*miqqāṣēhû*": "from his end/extremity/quarter (idiom: every one of them without exception)" } } 12 { "verseID": "Isaiah.56.12", "source": "אֵתָ֥יוּ אֶקְחָה־יַ֖יִן וְנִסְבְּאָ֣ה שֵׁכָ֑ר וְהָיָ֤ה כָזֶה֙ י֣וֹם מָחָ֔ר גָּד֖וֹל יֶ֥תֶר מְאֹֽד׃", "text": "*ʾētāyû*, *ʾeqḥāh*-*yayin* and *nisbbĕʾāh* *šēkār*; and *hāyāh* like-this *yôm* *māḥār*, *gādôl* *yeter* *mĕʾōd*.", "grammar": { "*ʾētāyû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - come", "*ʾeqḥāh*": "qal imperfect, 1st person singular, cohortative - let me take/fetch", "*yayin*": "masculine singular noun - wine", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*nisbbĕʾāh*": "qal imperfect, 1st person plural, cohortative - let us drink our fill", "*šēkār*": "masculine singular noun - strong drink/intoxicating drink", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*hāyāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - it will be", "*kāzeh*": "preposition with demonstrative pronoun - like this", "*yôm*": "masculine singular noun - day", "*māḥār*": "adverb - tomorrow", "*gādôl*": "adjective, masculine singular - great/large", "*yeter*": "masculine singular noun - exceeding/abundant/remnant", "*mĕʾōd*": "adverb - very/exceedingly" }, "variants": { "*ʾētāyû*": "come!/arrive!/enter!", "*ʾeqḥāh-yayin*": "let me fetch wine/I will take wine", "*nisbbĕʾāh*": "let us drink our fill/let us be intoxicated/let us carouse", "*šēkār*": "strong drink/intoxicating drink/beer", "*kāzeh yôm māḥār*": "like this day tomorrow/tomorrow will be like today", "*gādôl yeter mĕʾōd*": "exceedingly great/very abundant/even much better" } }
  • Jer 2:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.2.8", "source": "הַכֹּהֲנִ֗ים לֹ֤א אָֽמְרוּ֙ אַיֵּ֣ה יְהוָ֔ה וְתֹפְשֵׂ֤י הַתּוֹרָה֙ לֹ֣א יְדָע֔וּנִי וְהָרֹעִ֖ים פָּ֣שְׁעוּ בִ֑י וְהַנְּבִיאִים֙ נִבְּא֣וּ בַבַּ֔עַל וְאַחֲרֵ֥י לֹֽא־יוֹעִ֖לוּ הָלָֽכוּ׃", "text": "*Ha-kōhănîm* *lōʾ* *ʾāmərû* *ʾayyēh* *YHWH* *wə-tōpśê* *ha-tôrāh* *lōʾ* *yədāʿûnî* *wə-hā-rōʿîm* *pāšəʿû* *bî* *wə-ha-nəbîʾîm* *nibbəʾû* *ba-Baʿal* *wə-ʾaḥărê* *lōʾ*-*yôʿîlû* *hālākû*", "grammar": { "*Ha-kōhănîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the priests", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ʾāmərû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they said", "*ʾayyēh*": "interrogative adverb - where", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - LORD/Yahweh", "*wə-tōpśê*": "conjunction + qal participle, masculine plural construct - and handlers of", "*ha-tôrāh*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the law/instruction", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yədāʿûnî*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural + 1st singular suffix - they knew me", "*wə-hā-rōʿîm*": "conjunction + definite article + qal participle, masculine plural - and the shepherds", "*pāšəʿû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they rebelled", "*bî*": "preposition + 1st singular suffix - against me", "*wə-ha-nəbîʾîm*": "conjunction + definite article + noun, masculine plural - and the prophets", "*nibbəʾû*": "niphal perfect, 3rd common plural - they prophesied", "*ba-Baʿal*": "preposition + definite article + proper noun - by Baal", "*wə-ʾaḥărê*": "conjunction + preposition - and after", "*lōʾ*-*yôʿîlû*": "negative particle + hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they do not profit", "*hālākû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they walked" }, "variants": { "*tōpśê*": "handlers of/those who grasp/those who hold", "*tôrāh*": "law/instruction/teaching/direction", "*yədāʿûnî*": "they knew me/they recognized me/they acknowledged me", "*rōʿîm*": "shepherds/pastors/rulers", "*pāšəʿû*": "rebelled/transgressed/revolted", "*nibbəʾû*": "prophesied/spoke as prophets", "*yôʿîlû*": "profit/benefit/help" } }
  • Jer 12:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.12.10", "source": "רֹעִ֤ים רַבִּים֙ שִֽׁחֲת֣וּ כַרְמִ֔י בֹּסְס֖וּ אֶת־חֶלְקָתִ֑י נָֽתְנ֛וּ אֶת־חֶלְקַ֥ת חֶמְדָּתִ֖י לְמִדְבַּ֥ר שְׁמָמָֽה׃", "text": "*rōʿîm* *rabbîm* *šiḥătû* my-*karmî* they-*bōsəsû* *ʾet*-my-*ḥelqātî* they-*nātnû* *ʾet*-*ḥelqat* my-*ḥemdātî* for-*midbar* *šəmāmāh*", "grammar": { "*rōʿîm*": "verb, Qal participle, masculine plural - shepherds", "*rabbîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - many", "*šiḥătû*": "verb, Piel perfect, 3rd person plural - they have destroyed", "*karmî*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my vineyard", "*bōsəsû*": "verb, Polel perfect, 3rd person plural - they have trampled", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ḥelqātî*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my portion", "*nātnû*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they have made/given", "*ḥelqat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - portion", "*ḥemdātî*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my desire/pleasant", "*midbar*": "noun, masculine singular - wilderness/desert", "*šəmāmāh*": "noun, feminine singular - desolation" }, "variants": { "*rōʿîm*": "shepherds/rulers/leaders", "*šiḥătû*": "destroyed/ruined/corrupted", "*bōsəsû*": "trampled/trodden down", "*ḥelqat ḥemdātî*": "portion of my delight/pleasant field/desired parcel", "*midbar šəmāmāh*": "desolate wilderness/desert waste" } }
  • Jer 22:22 : 22 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.22.22", "source": "׃22 22 כָּל־רֹעַ֙יִךְ֙ תִּרְעֶה־ר֔וּחַ וּֽמְאַהֲבַ֖יִךְ בַּשְּׁבִ֣י יֵלֵ֑כוּ כִּ֣י אָ֤ז תֵּבֹ֙שִׁי֙ וְנִכְלַ֔מְתְּ מִכֹּ֖ל רָעָתֵֽךְ׃", "text": "All *rōʿayik* *tirʿeh-rûaḥ* and *mᵉʾahăbayik* in *šᵉbî* *yēlēkû*, for then *tēbōšî* and *niklamt* from all *rāʿātēk*.", "grammar": { "*kol-rōʿayik*": "noun, masculine singular construct + participle, masculine plural, qal with 2nd feminine singular suffix - all your shepherds", "*tirʿeh-rûaḥ*": "imperfect, 3rd feminine singular, qal + noun, feminine singular - will shepherd wind", "*û-mᵉʾahăbayik*": "conjunction + participle, piel masculine plural with 2nd feminine singular suffix - and your lovers", "*ba-ššᵉbî*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - into captivity", "*yēlēkû*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural, qal - they will go", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʾāz*": "adverb - then", "*tēbōšî*": "imperfect, 2nd feminine singular, qal - you will be ashamed", "*wᵉ-niklamt*": "conjunction + perfect, 2nd feminine singular, niphal - and be humiliated", "*mi-kkōl*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - from all", "*rāʿātēk*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your wickedness" }, "variants": { "*rōʿayik*": "your shepherds/rulers/leaders", "*tirʿeh-rûaḥ*": "will shepherd wind/feed on wind/be futile", "*mᵉʾahăbayik*": "your lovers/allies", "*šᵉbî*": "captivity/exile", "*yēlēkû*": "they will go/depart/walk", "*tēbōšî*": "you will be ashamed/disgraced", "*niklamt*": "be humiliated/dishonored", "*rāʿātēk*": "your wickedness/evil/trouble" } }
  • Matt 15:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Matthew.15.14", "source": "Ἄφετε αὐτούς: ὁδηγοί εἰσιν τυφλοὶ τυφλῶν. Τυφλὸς δὲ τυφλὸν ἐὰν ὁδηγῇ, ἀμφότεροι εἰς βόθυνον πεσοῦνται.", "text": "*Aphete* them: *hodēgoi* they are *tuphloi* of *tuphlōn*. *Tuphlos* *de* *tuphlon* if *hodēgē*, *amphoteroi* into *bothunon* *pesountai*.", "grammar": { "*Aphete*": "aorist imperative, active, 2nd person plural - leave/let go", "*autous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - them", "*hodēgoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - guides/leaders", "*eisin*": "present, indicative, active, 3rd person plural - they are", "*tuphloi*": "adjective, nominative, masculine, plural - blind", "*tuphlōn*": "adjective, genitive, masculine, plural - of blind [ones]", "*Tuphlos*": "adjective, nominative, masculine, singular - blind [one]", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and", "*tuphlon*": "adjective, accusative, masculine, singular - blind [one]", "*ean*": "conditional particle - if", "*hodēgē*": "present, subjunctive, active, 3rd person singular - he might guide", "*amphoteroi*": "adjective, nominative, masculine, plural - both", "*eis*": "preposition + accusative - into", "*bothunon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - pit/ditch", "*pesountai*": "future, indicative, middle, 3rd person plural - they will fall" }, "variants": { "*Aphete*": "leave/let go/permit", "*hodēgoi*": "guides/leaders/directors", "*tuphloi*": "blind/unable to see", "*hodēgē*": "might guide/lead/direct", "*amphoteroi*": "both/both together", "*bothunon*": "pit/ditch/hole", "*pesountai*": "will fall/drop/collapse" } }
  • Matt 23:13-29 : 13 { "verseID": "Matthew.23.13", "source": "¶Οὐαὶ δὲ ὑμῖν, γραμματεῖς καὶ Φαρισαῖοι, ὑποκριταί! ὅτι κλείετε τὴν βασιλείαν τῶν οὐρανῶν ἔμπροσθεν τῶν ἀνθρώπων: ὑμεῖς γὰρ οὐκ εἰσέρχεσθε, οὐδὲ τοὺς εἰσερχομένους ἀφίετε εἰσελθεῖν.", "text": "*Ouai* *de* to-you, *grammateis* and *Pharisaioi*, *hypokritai*! because *kleiete* the *basileian* of-the *ouranōn* *emprosthen* of-the *anthrōpōn*: you *gar* not *eiserchesthe*, *oude* the ones *eiserchomenous* *aphiete* *eiselthein*.", "grammar": { "*Ouai*": "interjection - woe/alas", "*de*": "conjunctive particle - but/and", "*hymin*": "dative, plural - to you (indirect object)", "*grammateis*": "vocative, masculine, plural - scribes (direct address)", "*Pharisaioi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - Pharisees (direct address)", "*hypokritai*": "vocative, masculine, plural - hypocrites (direct address)", "*hoti*": "conjunction - because/that/since", "*kleiete*": "present, active, indicative, 2nd person plural - you shut/close", "*basileian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - kingdom", "*ouranōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - of heavens", "*emprosthen*": "preposition with genitive - before/in front of", "*anthrōpōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - of men/people", "*hymeis*": "nominative, plural - emphatic you (subject)", "*gar*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ouk eiserchesthe*": "present, middle, indicative, 2nd person plural with negative - you do not enter", "*oude*": "negative conjunction - nor/neither/and not", "*eiserchomenous*": "present, middle, participle, accusative, masculine, plural - the ones entering", "*aphiete*": "present, active, indicative, 2nd person plural - you permit/allow", "*eiselthein*": "aorist, active, infinitive - to enter" }, "variants": { "*Ouai*": "woe/alas/grief", "*grammateis*": "scribes/scholars/experts in law", "*Pharisaioi*": "Pharisees/separated ones", "*hypokritai*": "hypocrites/actors/pretenders", "*kleiete*": "shut/close/lock", "*basileian*": "kingdom/reign/rule", "*ouranōn*": "heavens/sky/celestial realm", "*eiserchesthe*": "enter/go in", "*aphiete*": "permit/allow/let", "*eiselthein*": "to enter/go in" } } 14 { "verseID": "Matthew.23.14", "source": "Οὐαὶ ὑμῖν, γραμματεῖς καὶ Φαρισαῖοι, ὑποκριταί! ὅτι κατεσθίετε τὰς οἰκίας τῶν χηρῶν, καὶ προφάσει μακρὰ προσευχόμενοι: διὰ τοῦτο λήψεσθε περισσότερον κρίμα.", "text": "*Ouai* to-you, *grammateis* and *Pharisaioi*, *hypokritai*! because *katesthiete* the *oikias* of-the *chērōn*, and *prophasei* *makra* *proseuchomenoi*: because-of this *lēpsesthe* *perissoteron* *krima*.", "grammar": { "*Ouai*": "interjection - woe/alas", "*hymin*": "dative, plural - to you (indirect object)", "*grammateis*": "vocative, masculine, plural - scribes (direct address)", "*Pharisaioi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - Pharisees (direct address)", "*hypokritai*": "vocative, masculine, plural - hypocrites (direct address)", "*hoti*": "conjunction - because/that/since", "*katesthiete*": "present, active, indicative, 2nd person plural - you devour/consume", "*oikias*": "accusative, feminine, plural - houses/homes", "*chērōn*": "genitive, feminine, plural - of widows", "*prophasei*": "dative, feminine, singular - for a pretext/appearance (dative of manner)", "*makra*": "accusative, neuter, plural - long/lengthy", "*proseuchomenoi*": "present, middle, participle, nominative, masculine, plural - praying", "*dia touto*": "prepositional phrase - because of this/therefore", "*lēpsesthe*": "future, middle, indicative, 2nd person plural - you will receive", "*perissoteron*": "accusative, neuter, singular, comparative - greater/more severe", "*krima*": "accusative, neuter, singular - judgment/condemnation" }, "variants": { "*katesthiete*": "devour/consume/eat up", "*oikias*": "houses/homes/households", "*chērōn*": "widows/bereaved women", "*prophasei*": "for a pretext/as a pretense/under the appearance", "*makra*": "long/lengthy/extended", "*proseuchomenoi*": "praying/making prayers", "*lēpsesthe*": "will receive/get/obtain", "*perissoteron*": "greater/more severe/abundant", "*krima*": "judgment/condemnation/sentence" } } 15 { "verseID": "Matthew.23.15", "source": "Οὐαὶ ὑμῖν, γραμματεῖς καὶ Φαρισαῖοι, ὑποκριταί! ὅτι περιάγετε τὴν θάλασσαν καὶ τὴν ξηρὰν ποιῆσαι ἕνα προσήλυτον, καὶ ὅταν γένηται, ποιεῖτε αὐτὸν υἱὸν γεέννης διπλότερον ὑμῶν.", "text": "*Ouai* to-you, *grammateis* and *Pharisaioi*, *hypokritai*! because *periagete* the *thalassan* and the *xēran* *poiēsai* one *prosēlyton*, and when *genētai*, *poieite* him *huion* *geennēs* *diploteron* of-you.", "grammar": { "*Ouai*": "interjection - woe/alas", "*hymin*": "dative, plural - to you (indirect object)", "*grammateis*": "vocative, masculine, plural - scribes (direct address)", "*Pharisaioi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - Pharisees (direct address)", "*hypokritai*": "vocative, masculine, plural - hypocrites (direct address)", "*hoti*": "conjunction - because/that/since", "*periagete*": "present, active, indicative, 2nd person plural - you travel around", "*thalassan*": "accusative, feminine, singular - sea", "*xēran*": "accusative, feminine, singular - dry land", "*poiēsai*": "aorist, active, infinitive - to make", "*hena*": "accusative, masculine, singular - one", "*prosēlyton*": "accusative, masculine, singular - proselyte/convert", "*hotan*": "temporal conjunction - when/whenever", "*genētai*": "aorist, middle, subjunctive, 3rd person singular - he becomes/happens", "*poieite*": "present, active, indicative, 2nd person plural - you make", "*auton*": "accusative, masculine, singular - him", "*huion*": "accusative, masculine, singular - son", "*geennēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of Gehenna/hell", "*diploteron*": "accusative, masculine, singular, comparative - twice more/twofold more", "*hymōn*": "genitive, plural - than you" }, "variants": { "*periagete*": "travel around/go about/traverse", "*thalassan*": "sea/ocean", "*xēran*": "dry land/earth", "*poiēsai*": "to make/create/produce", "*prosēlyton*": "proselyte/convert/one who has come over", "*genētai*": "becomes/is made/happens", "*huion*": "son/child/descendant", "*geennēs*": "of Gehenna/hell/place of punishment", "*diploteron*": "twice as much/twofold more/doubled" } } 16 { "verseID": "Matthew.23.16", "source": "Οὐαὶ ὑμῖν, ὁδηγοὶ τυφλοὶ, οἱ λέγοντες, Ὃς ἂν ὀμόσῃ ἐν τῷ ναῷ, οὐδέν ἐστιν· ὃς δʼ ἂν ὀμόσῃ ἐν τῷ χρυσῷ τοῦ ναοῦ, ὀφείλει!", "text": "*Ouai* to-you, *hodēgoi* *typhloi*, the ones *legontes*, Whoever *an omosē* by the *naō*, nothing *estin*; whoever *d' an omosē* by the *chrysō* of-the *naou*, *opheilei*!", "grammar": { "*Ouai*": "interjection - woe/alas", "*hymin*": "dative, plural - to you (indirect object)", "*hodēgoi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - guides (direct address)", "*typhloi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - blind (direct address)", "*hoi legontes*": "present, active, participle, nominative, masculine, plural with article - the ones saying", "*Hos an*": "relative pronoun with conditional particle - whoever", "*omosē*": "aorist, active, subjunctive, 3rd person singular - might swear/take oath", "*en*": "preposition with dative - by/in", "*naō*": "dative, masculine, singular - temple/sanctuary", "*ouden*": "nominative, neuter, singular - nothing", "*estin*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - it is", "*hos d' an*": "relative pronoun with particle and conditional particle - but whoever", "*omosē*": "aorist, active, subjunctive, 3rd person singular - might swear/take oath", "*chrysō*": "dative, masculine, singular - gold", "*naou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of the temple/sanctuary", "*opheilei*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - he is obligated/bound" }, "variants": { "*hodēgoi*": "guides/leaders", "*typhloi*": "blind/unable to see", "*legontes*": "saying/speaking/declaring", "*omosē*": "swears/takes an oath", "*naō*": "temple/sanctuary/shrine", "*ouden estin*": "is nothing/amounts to nothing/is not binding", "*chrysō*": "gold/golden ornaments", "*opheilei*": "is obligated/is bound/must fulfill the oath" } } 17 { "verseID": "Matthew.23.17", "source": "Μωροὶ καὶ τυφλοί: τίς γὰρ μείζων ἐστίν, ὁ χρυσὸς, ἢ ὁ ναὸς ὁ ἁγιάζων τὸν χρυσόν;", "text": "*Mōroi* and *typhloi*: which *gar* *meizōn* *estin*, the *chrysos*, or the *naos* the one *hagiazōn* the *chryson*?", "grammar": { "*Mōroi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - fools (direct address)", "*typhloi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - blind (direct address)", "*tis*": "interrogative pronoun, nominative - which/what", "*gar*": "conjunction - for/because", "*meizōn*": "nominative, masculine/feminine, singular, comparative - greater", "*estin*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - is", "*chrysos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - gold", "*ē*": "disjunctive particle - or/than", "*naos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - temple/sanctuary", "*ho hagiazōn*": "present, active, participle, nominative, masculine, singular with article - the one sanctifying", "*chryson*": "accusative, masculine, singular - gold" }, "variants": { "*Mōroi*": "fools/foolish ones/morons", "*typhloi*": "blind/unable to see", "*meizōn*": "greater/more important", "*chrysos*": "gold/golden ornaments", "*naos*": "temple/sanctuary/shrine", "*hagiazōn*": "sanctifying/making holy/consecrating" } } 18 { "verseID": "Matthew.23.18", "source": "Καί, Ὃς ἐὰν ὀμόσῃ ἐν τῷ θυσιαστηρίῳ, οὐδέν ἐστιν· ὃς δʼ ἂν ὀμόσῃ ἐν τῷ δώρῳ τῷ ἐπάνω αὐτοῦ, ὀφείλει.", "text": "And, Whoever *ean omosē* by the *thysiastēriō*, nothing *estin*; whoever *d' an omosē* by the *dōrō* the one *epanō* of-it, *opheilei*.", "grammar": { "*Kai*": "conjunction - and", "*Hos ean*": "relative pronoun with conditional particle - whoever", "*omosē*": "aorist, active, subjunctive, 3rd person singular - might swear/take oath", "*en*": "preposition with dative - by/in", "*thysiastēriō*": "dative, neuter, singular - altar", "*ouden*": "nominative, neuter, singular - nothing", "*estin*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - it is", "*hos d' an*": "relative pronoun with particle and conditional particle - but whoever", "*omosē*": "aorist, active, subjunctive, 3rd person singular - might swear/take oath", "*dōrō*": "dative, neuter, singular - gift/offering", "*tō epanō*": "article with adverb - the (one) upon/above", "*autou*": "genitive, neuter, singular - of it", "*opheilei*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - he is obligated/bound" }, "variants": { "*omosē*": "swears/takes an oath", "*thysiastēriō*": "altar/place of sacrifice", "*ouden estin*": "is nothing/amounts to nothing/is not binding", "*dōrō*": "gift/offering/sacrifice", "*epanō*": "upon/above/on top of", "*opheilei*": "is obligated/is bound/must fulfill the oath" } } 19 { "verseID": "Matthew.23.19", "source": "Μωροὶ καὶ τυφλοί: τί γὰρ μεῖζον, τὸ δῶρον, ἢ τὸ θυσιαστήριον τὸ ἁγιάζον τὸ δῶρον;", "text": "*Mōroi* and *typhloi*: what *gar* *meizon*, the *dōron*, or the *thysiastērion* the one *hagiazon* the *dōron*?", "grammar": { "*Mōroi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - fools (direct address)", "*typhloi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - blind (direct address)", "*ti*": "interrogative pronoun, nominative, neuter - what/which", "*gar*": "conjunction - for/because", "*meizon*": "nominative, neuter, singular, comparative - greater", "*dōron*": "nominative, neuter, singular - gift/offering", "*ē*": "disjunctive particle - or/than", "*thysiastērion*": "nominative, neuter, singular - altar", "*to hagiazon*": "present, active, participle, nominative, neuter, singular with article - the one sanctifying", "*dōron*": "accusative, neuter, singular - gift/offering" }, "variants": { "*Mōroi*": "fools/foolish ones/morons", "*typhloi*": "blind/unable to see", "*meizon*": "greater/more important", "*dōron*": "gift/offering/sacrifice", "*thysiastērion*": "altar/place of sacrifice", "*hagiazon*": "sanctifying/making holy/consecrating" } } 20 { "verseID": "Matthew.23.20", "source": "Ὁ οὖν ὀμόσας ἐν τῷ θυσιαστηρίῳ, ὀμνύει ἐν αὐτῷ, καὶ ἐν πᾶσιν τοῖς ἐπάνω αὐτοῦ.", "text": "The one *oun* *omosas* by the *thysiastēriō*, *omnuei* by it, and by all the things *epanō* of-it.", "grammar": { "*Ho oun*": "article with conjunction - therefore the one", "*omosas*": "aorist, active, participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having sworn", "*en*": "preposition with dative - by/in", "*thysiastēriō*": "dative, neuter, singular - altar", "*omnuei*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - swears", "*en autō*": "preposition with dative - by it", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*pasin*": "dative, neuter, plural - all (things)", "*tois epanō*": "article with adverb - the (ones) upon/above", "*autou*": "genitive, neuter, singular - of it" }, "variants": { "*omosas*": "having sworn/taken an oath", "*thysiastēriō*": "altar/place of sacrifice", "*omnuei*": "swears/takes oath by", "*epanō*": "upon/above/on top of" } } 21 { "verseID": "Matthew.23.21", "source": "Καὶ ὁ ὀμόσας ἐν τῷ ναῷ, ὀμνύει ἐν αὐτῷ, καὶ ἐν τῷ κατοικοῦντι αὐτόν.", "text": "And the one *omosas* by the *naō*, *omnuei* by it, and by the one *katoikounti* it.", "grammar": { "*Kai*": "conjunction - and", "*ho omosas*": "aorist, active, participle, nominative, masculine, singular with article - the one having sworn", "*en*": "preposition with dative - by/in", "*naō*": "dative, masculine, singular - temple/sanctuary", "*omnuei*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - swears", "*en autō*": "preposition with dative - by it", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*tō katoikounti*": "present, active, participle, dative, masculine, singular with article - by the one dwelling in", "*auton*": "accusative, masculine, singular - it" }, "variants": { "*omosas*": "having sworn/taken an oath", "*naō*": "temple/sanctuary/shrine", "*omnuei*": "swears/takes oath by", "*katoikounti*": "dwelling in/inhabiting/residing in" } } 22 { "verseID": "Matthew.23.22", "source": "Καὶ ὁ ὀμόσας ἐν τῷ οὐρανῷ, ὀμνύει ἐν τῷ θρόνῳ τοῦ Θεοῦ, καὶ ἐν τῷ καθημένῳ ἐπάνω αὐτοῦ.", "text": "And the one *omosas* by the *ouranō*, *omnuei* by the *thronō* of-the *Theou*, and by the one *kathēmenō* *epanō* of-it.", "grammar": { "*Kai*": "conjunction - and", "*ho omosas*": "aorist, active, participle, nominative, masculine, singular with article - the one having sworn", "*en*": "preposition with dative - by/in", "*ouranō*": "dative, masculine, singular - heaven", "*omnuei*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - swears", "*thronō*": "dative, masculine, singular - throne", "*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of God", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*tō kathēmenō*": "present, middle, participle, dative, masculine, singular with article - by the one sitting", "*epanō*": "adverb - above/upon", "*autou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of it" }, "variants": { "*omosas*": "having sworn/taken an oath", "*ouranō*": "heaven/sky/celestial realm", "*omnuei*": "swears/takes oath by", "*thronō*": "throne/seat of authority", "*Theou*": "God/deity", "*kathēmenō*": "sitting/seated/enthroned", "*epanō*": "above/upon/on top of" } } 23 { "verseID": "Matthew.23.23", "source": "Οὐαὶ ὑμῖν, γραμματεῖς καὶ Φαρισαῖοι, ὑποκριταί! ὅτι ἀποδεκατοῦτε τὸ ἡδύοσμον καὶ τὸ ἄνηθον καὶ τὸ κύμινον, καὶ ἀφήκατε τὰ βαρύτερα τοῦ νόμου, τὴν κρίσιν, καὶ τὸν ἔλεον, καὶ τὴν πίστιν: ταῦτα ἔδει ποιῆσαι, κἀκεῖνα μὴ ἀφιέναι.", "text": "*Ouai* to-you, *grammateis* and *Pharisaioi*, *hypokritai*! because *apodekatoute* the *hēdyosmon* and the *anēthon* and the *kyminon*, and *aphēkate* the *barutera* of-the *nomou*, the *krisin*, and the *eleon*, and the *pistin*: these *edei* *poiēsai*, and-those *mē aphienai*.", "grammar": { "*Ouai*": "interjection - woe/alas", "*hymin*": "dative, plural - to you (indirect object)", "*grammateis*": "vocative, masculine, plural - scribes (direct address)", "*Pharisaioi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - Pharisees (direct address)", "*hypokritai*": "vocative, masculine, plural - hypocrites (direct address)", "*hoti*": "conjunction - because/that/since", "*apodekatoute*": "present, active, indicative, 2nd person plural - you tithe/give tenth", "*hēdyosmon*": "accusative, neuter, singular - mint", "*anēthon*": "accusative, neuter, singular - dill", "*kyminon*": "accusative, neuter, singular - cumin", "*aphēkate*": "aorist, active, indicative, 2nd person plural - you left/neglected", "*barutera*": "accusative, neuter, plural, comparative - weightier/more important", "*nomou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of the law", "*krisin*": "accusative, feminine, singular - justice/judgment", "*eleon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - mercy", "*pistin*": "accusative, feminine, singular - faith/faithfulness", "*tauta*": "accusative, neuter, plural - these things", "*edei*": "imperfect, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - it was necessary", "*poiēsai*": "aorist, active, infinitive - to do", "*kakeina*": "accusative, neuter, plural - and those things", "*mē aphienai*": "present, active, infinitive with negative - not to leave/neglect" }, "variants": { "*apodekatoute*": "tithe/give a tenth of/pay tithes on", "*hēdyosmon*": "mint/aromatic herb", "*anēthon*": "dill/herb", "*kyminon*": "cumin/spice", "*aphēkate*": "left/neglected/abandoned", "*barutera*": "weightier/more important/more significant", "*nomou*": "law/Torah", "*krisin*": "justice/judgment/legal decision", "*eleon*": "mercy/compassion", "*pistin*": "faith/faithfulness/trust", "*edei*": "it was necessary/ought/should", "*poiēsai*": "to do/practice/perform", "*aphienai*": "to leave/neglect/omit" } } 24 { "verseID": "Matthew.23.24", "source": "Ὁδηγοὶ τυφλοί, οἱ διϋλίζοντες τὸν κώνωπα, τὴν δὲ κάμηλον καταπίνοντες.", "text": "*Hodēgoi* *typhloi*, the ones *diülizontes* the *kōnōpa*, the *de* *kamēlon* *katapinontes*.", "grammar": { "*Hodēgoi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - guides (direct address)", "*typhloi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - blind (direct address)", "*hoi diülizontes*": "present, active, participle, nominative, masculine, plural with article - the ones straining out", "*kōnōpa*": "accusative, masculine, singular - gnat/mosquito", "*tēn de*": "accusative with adversative particle - but the", "*kamēlon*": "accusative, feminine, singular - camel", "*katapinontes*": "present, active, participle, nominative, masculine, plural - swallowing" }, "variants": { "*Hodēgoi*": "guides/leaders", "*typhloi*": "blind/unable to see", "*diülizontes*": "filtering out/straining out/removing by filtering", "*kōnōpa*": "gnat/mosquito/tiny insect", "*kamēlon*": "camel/large animal", "*katapinontes*": "swallowing/gulping down/consuming whole" } } 25 { "verseID": "Matthew.23.25", "source": "Οὐαὶ ὑμῖν, γραμματεῖς καὶ Φαρισαῖοι, ὑποκριταί! ὅτι καθαρίζετε τὸ ἔξωθεν τοῦ ποτηρίου καὶ τῆς παροψίδος, ἔσωθεν δὲ γέμουσιν ἐξ ἁρπαγῆς καὶ ἀκρασίας.", "text": "*Ouai* to-you, *grammateis* and *Pharisaioi*, *hypokritai*! because *katharizete* the *exōthen* of-the *potēriou* and of-the *paropsidos*, *esōthen* *de* they-*gemousin* from *harpagēs* and *akrasias*.", "grammar": { "*Ouai*": "interjection - woe/alas", "*hymin*": "dative, plural - to you (indirect object)", "*grammateis*": "vocative, masculine, plural - scribes (direct address)", "*Pharisaioi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - Pharisees (direct address)", "*hypokritai*": "vocative, masculine, plural - hypocrites (direct address)", "*hoti*": "conjunction - because/that/since", "*katharizete*": "present, active, indicative, 2nd person plural - you clean", "*exōthen*": "adverb - outside/exterior", "*potēriou*": "genitive, neuter, singular - of cup", "*paropsidos*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of dish/platter", "*esōthen*": "adverb - inside/interior", "*de*": "adversative particle - but/yet/however", "*gemousin*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd person plural - they are full", "*ex*": "preposition with genitive - from/out of", "*harpagēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - robbery/plunder", "*akrasias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - excess/lack of self-control" }, "variants": { "*katharizete*": "clean/cleanse/purify", "*exōthen*": "outside/exterior/outer part", "*potēriou*": "cup/drinking vessel", "*paropsidos*": "dish/platter/bowl", "*esōthen*": "inside/interior/inner part", "*gemousin*": "are full/filled/laden with", "*harpagēs*": "robbery/plunder/extortion", "*akrasias*": "self-indulgence/excess/lack of self-control" } } 26 { "verseID": "Matthew.23.26", "source": "Φαρισαῖε τυφλέ, καθάρισον πρῶτον τὸ ἐντὸς τοῦ ποτηρίου καὶ τῆς παροψίδος, ἵνα γένηται καὶ τὸ ἐκτὸς αὐτῶν καθαρόν.", "text": "*Pharisaie* *typhle*, *katharison* first the *entos* of-the *potēriou* and of-the *paropsidos*, *hina* *genētai* also the *ektos* of-them *katharon*.", "grammar": { "*Pharisaie*": "vocative, masculine, singular - Pharisee (direct address)", "*typhle*": "vocative, masculine, singular - blind (direct address)", "*katharison*": "aorist, active, imperative, 2nd person singular - clean!", "*prōton*": "adverb - first/firstly", "*entos*": "adverb - inside/interior", "*potēriou*": "genitive, neuter, singular - of cup", "*paropsidos*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of dish/platter", "*hina*": "conjunction - so that/in order that", "*genētai*": "aorist, middle, subjunctive, 3rd person singular - might become", "*kai*": "adverb - also/too", "*ektos*": "adverb - outside/exterior", "*autōn*": "genitive, neuter, plural - of them", "*katharon*": "nominative, neuter, singular - clean/pure" }, "variants": { "*Pharisaie*": "Pharisee/separated one", "*typhle*": "blind/unable to see", "*katharison*": "clean/cleanse/purify!", "*entos*": "inside/interior/inner part", "*potēriou*": "cup/drinking vessel", "*paropsidos*": "dish/platter/bowl", "*genētai*": "might become/might be/might be made", "*ektos*": "outside/exterior/outer part", "*katharon*": "clean/pure/undefiled" } } 27 { "verseID": "Matthew.23.27", "source": "Οὐαὶ ὑμῖν, γραμματεῖς καὶ Φαρισαῖοι, ὑποκριταί! ὅτι παρομοιάζετε τάφοις κεκονιαμένοις, οἵτινες ἔξωθεν μὲν φαίνονται ὡραῖοι, ἔσωθεν δὲ γέμουσιν ὀστέων νεκρῶν, καὶ πάσης ἀκαθαρσίας.", "text": "*Ouai* to-you, *grammateis* and *Pharisaioi*, *hypokritai*! because *paromoiazete* *taphois* *kekoniamenois*, which *exōthen* *men* *phainontai* *hōraioi*, *esōthen* *de* *gemousin* *osteōn* *nekrōn*, and of-all *akatharsias*.", "grammar": { "*Ouai*": "interjection - woe/alas", "*hymin*": "dative, plural - to you (indirect object)", "*grammateis*": "vocative, masculine, plural - scribes (direct address)", "*Pharisaioi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - Pharisees (direct address)", "*hypokritai*": "vocative, masculine, plural - hypocrites (direct address)", "*hoti*": "conjunction - because/that/since", "*paromoiazete*": "present, active, indicative, 2nd person plural - you are like/resemble", "*taphois*": "dative, masculine, plural - tombs/graves", "*kekoniamenois*": "perfect, passive, participle, dative, masculine, plural - having been whitewashed", "*hoitines*": "nominative, masculine, plural, relative pronoun - which", "*exōthen*": "adverb - outside/exterior", "*men*": "particle - on the one hand (correlates with de)", "*phainontai*": "present, middle/passive, indicative, 3rd person plural - appear/seem", "*hōraioi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - beautiful/attractive", "*esōthen*": "adverb - inside/interior", "*de*": "particle - on the other hand (correlates with men)", "*gemousin*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd person plural - they are full", "*osteōn*": "genitive, neuter, plural - of bones", "*nekrōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - of dead (persons)", "*pasēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of all/every", "*akatharsias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of uncleanness/impurity" }, "variants": { "*paromoiazete*": "are like/resemble/compare to", "*taphois*": "tombs/graves/sepulchers", "*kekoniamenois*": "whitewashed/plastered with lime", "*exōthen*": "outside/on the exterior", "*phainontai*": "appear/seem/look", "*hōraioi*": "beautiful/attractive/handsome", "*esōthen*": "inside/on the interior", "*gemousin*": "are full/filled with/laden with", "*osteōn*": "bones/skeletal remains", "*nekrōn*": "dead (persons)/corpses", "*akatharsias*": "uncleanness/impurity/filthiness" } } 28 { "verseID": "Matthew.23.28", "source": "Οὕτως καὶ ὑμεῖς ἔξωθεν μὲν φαίνεσθε τοῖς ἀνθρώποις δίκαιοι, ἔσωθεν δὲ μεστοί ἐστε ὑποκρίσεως καὶ ἀνομίας.", "text": "*Houtōs* also you *exōthen* *men* *phainesthe* to-the *anthrōpois* *dikaioi*, *esōthen* *de* *mestoi* *este* *hypokriseōs* and *anomias*.", "grammar": { "*Houtōs*": "adverb - thus/in this way", "*kai*": "adverb - also/too", "*hymeis*": "nominative, plural - you (emphatic, subject)", "*exōthen*": "adverb - outside/exterior", "*men*": "particle - on the one hand (correlates with de)", "*phainesthe*": "present, middle/passive, indicative, 2nd person plural - you appear/seem", "*anthrōpois*": "dative, masculine, plural - to men/people", "*dikaioi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - righteous/just", "*esōthen*": "adverb - inside/interior", "*de*": "particle - on the other hand (correlates with men)", "*mestoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - full/filled", "*este*": "present, active, indicative, 2nd person plural - you are", "*hypokriseōs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of hypocrisy", "*anomias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of lawlessness/iniquity" }, "variants": { "*Houtōs*": "thus/in this way/likewise", "*exōthen*": "outside/outwardly/on the exterior", "*phainesthe*": "appear/seem/look", "*dikaioi*": "righteous/just/upright", "*esōthen*": "inside/inwardly/on the interior", "*mestoi*": "full/filled with/complete with", "*hypokriseōs*": "hypocrisy/pretense/play-acting", "*anomias*": "lawlessness/iniquity/unrighteousness" } } 29 { "verseID": "Matthew.23.29", "source": "Οὐαὶ ὑμῖν, γραμματεῖς καὶ Φαρισαῖοι, ὑποκριταί! ὅτι οἰκοδομεῖτε τοὺς τάφους τῶν προφητῶν, καὶ κοσμεῖτε τὰ μνημεῖα τῶν δικαίων,", "text": "*Ouai* to-you, *grammateis* and *Pharisaioi*, *hypokritai*! because *oikodomeite* the *taphous* of-the *prophētōn*, and *kosmeite* the *mnēmeia* of-the *dikaiōn*,", "grammar": { "*Ouai*": "interjection - woe/alas", "*hymin*": "dative, plural - to you (indirect object)", "*grammateis*": "vocative, masculine, plural - scribes (direct address)", "*Pharisaioi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - Pharisees (direct address)", "*hypokritai*": "vocative, masculine, plural - hypocrites (direct address)", "*hoti*": "conjunction - because/that/since", "*oikodomeite*": "present, active, indicative, 2nd person plural - you build", "*taphous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - tombs/graves", "*prophētōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - of prophets", "*kosmeite*": "present, active, indicative, 2nd person plural - you adorn/decorate", "*mnēmeia*": "accusative, neuter, plural - monuments/memorials", "*dikaiōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - of righteous (persons)" }, "variants": { "*oikodomeite*": "build/construct/erect", "*taphous*": "tombs/graves/sepulchers", "*prophētōn*": "prophets/those who speak for God", "*kosmeite*": "adorn/decorate/beautify", "*mnēmeia*": "monuments/memorials/tombs", "*dikaiōn*": "righteous/just/upright persons" } }
  • Luke 11:42-52 : 42 { "verseID": "Luke.11.42", "source": "Ἀλλʼ οὐαὶ ὑμῖν, τοῖς Φαρισαίοις! ὅτι ἀποδεκατοῦτε τὸ ἡδύοσμον καὶ τὸ πήγανον καὶ πᾶν λάχανον, καὶ παρέρχεσθε τὴν κρίσιν καὶ τὴν ἀγάπην τοῦ Θεοῦ: ταῦτα ἔδει ποιῆσαι, κἀκεῖνα μὴ ἀφιέναι.", "text": "But *ouai* to you, the *Pharisaiois*! because *apodekatoute* the *hēdyosmon* and the *pēganon* and all *lachanon*, and *parerchesthe* the *krisin* and the *agapēn* of the *Theou*: these things *edei* *poiēsai*, and those not *aphienai*.", "grammar": { "*ouai*": "interjection - woe/alas", "*Pharisaiois*": "dative, masculine, plural - to the Pharisees", "*apodekatoute*": "present, indicative, active, 2nd person plural - you tithe/give tenth", "*hēdyosmon*": "accusative, neuter, singular - mint", "*pēganon*": "accusative, neuter, singular - rue", "*lachanon*": "accusative, neuter, singular - herb/vegetable", "*parerchesthe*": "present, indicative, middle/passive, 2nd person plural - you pass by/neglect", "*krisin*": "accusative, feminine, singular - judgment/justice", "*agapēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - love", "*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of God", "*edei*": "imperfect, indicative, active, 3rd person singular - it was necessary", "*poiēsai*": "aorist, infinitive, active - to do/perform", "*aphienai*": "present, infinitive, active - to leave/neglect" }, "variants": { "*parerchesthe*": "pass by/neglect/disregard/bypass", "*krisin*": "judgment/justice/discernment", "*edei*": "was necessary/ought/should", "*aphienai*": "leave/neglect/abandon/let go" } } 43 { "verseID": "Luke.11.43", "source": "Οὐαὶ ὑμῖν τοῖς Φαρισαίοις! ὅτι ἀγαπᾶτε τὴν πρωτοκαθεδρίαν ἐν ταῖς συναγωγαῖς, καὶ τοὺς ἀσπασμοὺς ἐν ταῖς ἀγοραῖς.", "text": "*Ouai* to you the *Pharisaiois*! because *agapate* the *prōtokathedrian* in the *synagōgais*, and the *aspasmous* in the *agorais*.", "grammar": { "*Ouai*": "interjection - woe/alas", "*Pharisaiois*": "dative, masculine, plural - to the Pharisees", "*agapate*": "present, indicative, active, 2nd person plural - you love", "*prōtokathedrian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - chief seat/place of honor", "*synagōgais*": "dative, feminine, plural - in synagogues", "*aspasmous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - greetings/salutations", "*agorais*": "dative, feminine, plural - in marketplaces/public squares" }, "variants": { "*prōtokathedrian*": "chief seat/place of honor/most important seat", "*aspasmous*": "greetings/salutations/respectful acknowledgments", "*agorais*": "marketplaces/public squares/places of public meeting" } } 44 { "verseID": "Luke.11.44", "source": "Οὐαὶ ὑμῖν, γραμματεῖς καὶ Φαρισαῖοι, ὑποκριταί! ὅτι ἐστὲ ὡς τὰ μνημεῖα τὰ ἄδηλα, καὶ οἱ ἄνθρωποι οἱ περιπατοῦντες ἐπάνω οὐκ οἴδασιν.", "text": "*Ouai* to you, *grammateis* and *Pharisaioi*, *hypokritai*! because *este* as the *mnēmeia* the *adēla*, and the *anthrōpoi* the *peripatountes* *epanō* not *oidasin*.", "grammar": { "*Ouai*": "interjection - woe/alas", "*grammateis*": "nominative, masculine, plural - scribes", "*Pharisaioi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - Pharisees", "*hypokritai*": "nominative, masculine, plural - hypocrites/actors", "*este*": "present, indicative, active, 2nd person plural - you are", "*mnēmeia*": "accusative, neuter, plural - tombs/graves", "*adēla*": "accusative, neuter, plural - unclear/unmarked/invisible", "*anthrōpoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - men/people", "*peripatountes*": "present, participle, active, nominative, masculine, plural - walking", "*epanō*": "adverb - over/above", "*oidasin*": "perfect, indicative, active, 3rd person plural - they know/have known" }, "variants": { "*hypokritai*": "hypocrites/actors/pretenders", "*adēla*": "unmarked/invisible/concealed/hidden", "*peripatountes*": "walking/traveling/going about", "*oidasin*": "know/have known/are aware" } } 45 { "verseID": "Luke.11.45", "source": "¶Ἀποκριθεὶς δέ τις τῶν νομικῶν, λέγει αὐτῷ, Διδάσκαλε, ταῦτα λέγων καὶ ἡμᾶς ὑβρίζεις.", "text": "*Apokritheis* *de* *tis* of the *nomikōn*, *legei* to him, *Didaskale*, these things *legōn* also us *hybrizeis*.", "grammar": { "*Apokritheis*": "aorist, participle, passive, nominative, masculine, singular - having answered", "*de*": "conjunction - but/and/now", "*tis*": "indefinite pronoun, nominative, masculine, singular - someone/a certain one", "*nomikōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - of the lawyers/experts in the law", "*legei*": "present, indicative, active, 3rd person singular - says/speaks", "*Didaskale*": "vocative, masculine, singular - Teacher/Master", "*legōn*": "present, participle, active, nominative, masculine, singular - saying/speaking", "*hybrizeis*": "present, indicative, active, 2nd person singular - you insult/reproach" }, "variants": { "*Apokritheis*": "having answered/responding/replying", "*nomikōn*": "lawyers/experts in the law/legal scholars", "*Didaskale*": "Teacher/Master/Instructor", "*hybrizeis*": "insult/reproach/mistreat/offend" } } 46 { "verseID": "Luke.11.46", "source": "Ὁ δὲ εἶπεν, Καὶ ὑμῖν τοῖς νομικοῖς, Οὐαί! ὅτι φορτίζετε τοὺς ἀνθρώπους φορτία δυσβάστακτα, καὶ αὐτοὶ ἑνὶ τῶν δακτύλων ὑμῶν οὐ προσψαύετε τοῖς φορτίοις.", "text": "He *de* *eipen*, Also to you the *nomikois*, *Ouai*! because *phortizete* the *anthrōpous* *phortia* *dysbastakta*, and *autoi* with one of the *daktylōn* of you not *prospsauete* the *phortiois*.", "grammar": { "*de*": "conjunction - but/and/now", "*eipen*": "aorist, indicative, active, 3rd person singular - said/spoke", "*nomikois*": "dative, masculine, plural - to the lawyers/experts in the law", "*Ouai*": "interjection - woe/alas", "*phortizete*": "present, indicative, active, 2nd person plural - you burden/load", "*anthrōpous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - men/people", "*phortia*": "accusative, neuter, plural - burdens/loads", "*dysbastakta*": "accusative, neuter, plural - hard to bear/difficult to carry", "*autoi*": "personal pronoun, nominative, masculine, plural - yourselves", "*daktylōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - of fingers", "*prospsauete*": "present, indicative, active, 2nd person plural - you touch/approach", "*phortiois*": "dative, neuter, plural - to the burdens/loads" }, "variants": { "*phortizete*": "burden/load/weigh down", "*phortia*": "burdens/loads/cargo", "*dysbastakta*": "hard to bear/difficult to carry/burdensome", "*prospsauete*": "touch/approach/come near to" } } 47 { "verseID": "Luke.11.47", "source": "Οὐαὶ ὑμῖν! ὅτι οἰκοδομεῖτε τὰ μνημεῖα τῶν προφητῶν, οἱ δὲ πατέρες ὑμῶν ἀπέκτειναν αὐτούς.", "text": "*Ouai* to you! because *oikodomeite* the *mnēmeia* of the *prophētōn*, the *de* *pateres* of you *apekteinan* them.", "grammar": { "*Ouai*": "interjection - woe/alas", "*oikodomeite*": "present, indicative, active, 2nd person plural - you build", "*mnēmeia*": "accusative, neuter, plural - tombs/graves/monuments", "*prophētōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - of the prophets", "*de*": "conjunction - but/and/now", "*pateres*": "nominative, masculine, plural - fathers/ancestors", "*apekteinan*": "aorist, indicative, active, 3rd person plural - they killed" }, "variants": { "*oikodomeite*": "build/construct/erect", "*mnēmeia*": "tombs/graves/monuments/memorials", "*pateres*": "fathers/ancestors/forefathers" } } 48 { "verseID": "Luke.11.48", "source": "Ἄρα μάρτυρεῖτε καὶ συνευδοκεῖτε τοῖς ἔργοις τῶν πατέρων ὑμῶν: ὅτι αὐτοὶ μὲν ἀπέκτειναν αὐτούς, ὑμεῖς δὲ οἰκοδομεῖτε αὐτῶν τὰ μνημεῖα.", "text": "*Ara* *martyreite* and *syneudokeite* to the *ergois* of the *paterōn* of you: because *autoi* *men* *apekteinan* them, *hymeis* *de* *oikodomeite* of them the *mnēmeia*.", "grammar": { "*Ara*": "conjunction/particle - therefore/then/consequently", "*martyreite*": "present, indicative, active, 2nd person plural - you witness/testify", "*syneudokeite*": "present, indicative, active, 2nd person plural - you approve/consent together", "*ergois*": "dative, neuter, plural - to the works/deeds", "*paterōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - of the fathers/ancestors", "*autoi*": "personal pronoun, nominative, masculine, plural - they themselves", "*men*": "particle - on the one hand/indeed", "*apekteinan*": "aorist, indicative, active, 3rd person plural - they killed", "*hymeis*": "personal pronoun, nominative, plural - you", "*de*": "conjunction - but/and/on the other hand", "*oikodomeite*": "present, indicative, active, 2nd person plural - you build", "*mnēmeia*": "accusative, neuter, plural - tombs/graves/monuments" }, "variants": { "*Ara*": "therefore/consequently/then/so", "*martyreite*": "witness/testify/bear witness", "*syneudokeite*": "approve/consent together/agree with/approve of", "*ergois*": "works/deeds/actions", "*men... de*": "paired particles indicating contrast - on one hand... on the other hand" } } 49 { "verseID": "Luke.11.49", "source": "Διὰ τοῦτο καὶ ἡ σοφία τοῦ Θεοῦ εἶπεν, Ἀποστελῶ εἰς αὐτοὺς προφήτας καὶ ἀποστόλους, καὶ ἐξ αὐτῶν ἀποκτενοῦσιν καὶ ἐκδιώξουσιν:", "text": "Through *touto* also the *sophia* of the *Theou* *eipen*, *Apostelō* unto them *prophētas* and *apostolous*, and from them *apoktenousin* and *ekdiōxousin*:", "grammar": { "*touto*": "demonstrative pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular - this", "*sophia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - wisdom", "*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of God", "*eipen*": "aorist, indicative, active, 3rd person singular - said/spoke", "*Apostelō*": "future, indicative, active, 1st person singular - I will send", "*prophētas*": "accusative, masculine, plural - prophets", "*apostolous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - apostles/messengers", "*apoktenousin*": "future, indicative, active, 3rd person plural - they will kill", "*ekdiōxousin*": "future, indicative, active, 3rd person plural - they will persecute/drive out" }, "variants": { "*sophia*": "wisdom/knowledge/insight", "*Apostelō*": "will send/will dispatch", "*apostolous*": "apostles/messengers/sent ones", "*ekdiōxousin*": "will persecute/drive out/expel/banish" } } 50 { "verseID": "Luke.11.50", "source": "Ἵνα ἐκζητηθῇ τὸ αἷμα πάντων τῶν προφητῶν, τὸ ἐκχυνόμενον ἀπὸ καταβολῆς κόσμου, ἀπὸ τῆς γενεᾶς ταύτης·", "text": "So that *ekzētēthē* the *haima* of all the *prophētōn*, the *ekchynomenon* from *katabolēs* *kosmou*, from the *geneas* this;", "grammar": { "*ekzētēthē*": "aorist, subjunctive, passive, 3rd person singular - might be required/demanded", "*haima*": "nominative, neuter, singular - blood", "*prophētōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - of prophets", "*ekchynomenon*": "present, participle, passive, nominative, neuter, singular - being shed/poured out", "*katabolēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - foundation/establishment", "*kosmou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of world/universe", "*geneas*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of generation" }, "variants": { "*ekzētēthē*": "might be required/demanded/sought after", "*haima*": "blood/bloodshed/life", "*ekchynomenon*": "being shed/poured out/spilled", "*katabolēs*": "foundation/establishment/creation", "*kosmou*": "world/universe/order", "*geneas*": "generation/race/family/age" } } 51 { "verseID": "Luke.11.51", "source": "Ἀπὸ τοῦ αἵματος Ἅβελ ἕως τοῦ αἵματος Ζαχαρίου, τοῦ ἀπολομένου μεταξὺ τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου καὶ τοῦ οἴκου: ναί λέγω ὑμῖν, Ἐκζητηθήσεται ἀπὸ τῆς γενεᾶς ταύτης.", "text": "From the *haimatos* of *Abel* until the *haimatos* of *Zachariou*, the *apolomenou* *metaxy* the *thysiastēriou* and the *oikou*: *nai* *legō* to you, *Ekzētēthēsetai* from the *geneas* this.", "grammar": { "*haimatos*": "genitive, neuter, singular - of blood", "*Abel*": "genitive, masculine - of Abel", "*Zachariou*": "genitive, masculine - of Zachariah", "*apolomenou*": "aorist, participle, middle, genitive, masculine, singular - having perished/died", "*metaxy*": "preposition - between", "*thysiastēriou*": "genitive, neuter, singular - of altar", "*oikou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of house/temple", "*nai*": "particle of affirmation - yes/indeed", "*legō*": "present, indicative, active, 1st person singular - I say/tell", "*Ekzētēthēsetai*": "future, indicative, passive, 3rd person singular - it will be required/demanded", "*geneas*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of generation" }, "variants": { "*apolomenou*": "having perished/died/been destroyed", "*metaxy*": "between/amid/among", "*thysiastēriou*": "altar/place of sacrifice", "*oikou*": "house/temple/dwelling", "*Ekzētēthēsetai*": "will be required/demanded/sought after", "*geneas*": "generation/race/family/age" } } 52 { "verseID": "Luke.11.52", "source": "Οὐαὶ ὑμῖν, τοῖς νομικοῖς! ὅτι ᾔρατε τὴν κλεῖδα τῆς γνώσεως: αὐτοὶ οὐκ εἰσήλθετε, καὶ τοὺς εἰσερχομένους ἐκωλύσατε.", "text": "*Ouai* to you, the *nomikois*! because *ērate* the *kleida* of the *gnōseōs*: *autoi* not *eisēlthete*, and the *eiserchomenous* *ekōlysate*.", "grammar": { "*Ouai*": "interjection - woe/alas", "*nomikois*": "dative, masculine, plural - to the lawyers/experts in the law", "*ērate*": "aorist, indicative, active, 2nd person plural - you took away/removed", "*kleida*": "accusative, feminine, singular - key", "*gnōseōs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of knowledge", "*autoi*": "personal pronoun, nominative, masculine, plural - yourselves", "*eisēlthete*": "aorist, indicative, active, 2nd person plural - you entered", "*eiserchomenous*": "present, participle, middle, accusative, masculine, plural - entering/those entering", "*ekōlysate*": "aorist, indicative, active, 2nd person plural - you hindered/prevented" }, "variants": { "*ērate*": "took away/removed/lifted up", "*kleida*": "key/means of access", "*gnōseōs*": "knowledge/understanding/insight", "*eisēlthete*": "entered/went in", "*ekōlysate*": "hindered/prevented/stopped" } }
  • John 10:10 : 10 { "verseID": "John.10.10", "source": "Ὁ κλέπτης οὐκ ἔρχεται, εἰ μὴ ἵνα κλέψῃ, καὶ θύσῃ, καὶ ἀπολέσῃ: ἐγὼ ἦλθον ἵνα ζωὴν ἔχωσιν, καὶ περισσὸν ἔχωσιν.", "text": "The *kleptēs* not *erchetai*, if not in order that *klepsē*, and *thysē*, and *apolesē*: *egō ēlthon* in order that *zōēn echōsin*, and *perisson echōsin*.", "grammar": { "*kleptēs*": "nominative, masculine, singular - thief", "*erchetai*": "present middle indicative, 3rd person singular - comes/goes", "*klepsē*": "aorist active subjunctive, 3rd person singular - he might steal", "*thysē*": "aorist active subjunctive, 3rd person singular - he might kill/slaughter", "*apolesē*": "aorist active subjunctive, 3rd person singular - he might destroy", "*egō ēlthon*": "aorist active indicative, 1st person singular with pronoun - I came", "*zōēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - life", "*echōsin*": "present active subjunctive, 3rd person plural - they might have", "*perisson*": "accusative, neuter, singular - abundance/more than enough" }, "variants": { "*kleptēs*": "thief/stealer", "*erchetai*": "comes/goes/arrives", "*klepsē*": "might steal/take secretly", "*thysē*": "might kill/slaughter/sacrifice", "*apolesē*": "might destroy/ruin/kill", "*ēlthon*": "came/arrived", "*zōēn*": "life/existence", "*echōsin*": "might have/possess/hold", "*perisson*": "abundance/excess/more than enough" } }
  • Zeph 3:3-4 : 3 { "verseID": "Zephaniah.3.3", "source": "שָׂרֶ֣יהָ בְקִרְבָּ֔הּ אֲרָי֖וֹת שֹֽׁאֲגִ֑ים שֹׁפְטֶ֙יהָ֙ זְאֵ֣בֵי עֶ֔רֶב לֹ֥א גָרְמ֖וּ לַבֹּֽקֶר", "text": "*śārêhā* in *qirbāh* *ʾărāyôt* *šōʾăgîm*; *šōpṭêhā* *zeʾēbê* *ʿereb* not *gāremû* to *bōqer*", "grammar": { "*śārêhā*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her princes/officials", "*qirbāh*": "noun with preposition and 3rd feminine singular suffix - in her midst", "*ʾărāyôt*": "masculine plural noun - lions", "*šōʾăgîm*": "qal participle masculine plural - roaring", "*šōpṭêhā*": "masculine plural qal participle with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her judges", "*zeʾēbê*": "masculine plural construct - wolves of", "*ʿereb*": "masculine singular noun - evening", "*gāremû*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - they left/gnawed", "*bōqer*": "masculine singular noun with preposition - for/until morning" }, "variants": { "*śārêhā*": "her princes/officials/rulers", "*qirbāh*": "in her midst/among her", "*ʾărāyôt*": "lions/predators", "*šōʾăgîm*": "roaring/growling", "*šōpṭêhā*": "her judges/rulers", "*zeʾēbê*": "wolves of", "*ʿereb*": "evening/night", "*gāremû*": "left over/gnawed/reserved [bones]" } } 4 { "verseID": "Zephaniah.3.4", "source": "נְבִיאֶ֙יהָ֙ פֹּֽחֲזִ֔ים אַנְשֵׁ֖י בֹּֽגְד֑וֹת כֹּהֲנֶ֙יהָ֙ חִלְּלוּ־קֹ֔דֶשׁ חָמְס֖וּ תּוֹרָֽה", "text": "*nebîʾêhā* *pōḥăzîm* *ʾanšê* *bōgedôt*; *kōhănêhā* *ḥilelû*-*qōdeš*, *ḥāmesû* *tôrâ*", "grammar": { "*nebîʾêhā*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her prophets", "*pōḥăzîm*": "qal participle masculine plural - reckless/wanton/arrogant", "*ʾanšê*": "masculine plural construct - men of", "*bōgedôt*": "feminine plural noun - treacheries/betrayals", "*kōhănêhā*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her priests", "*ḥilelû*": "piel perfect 3rd common plural - they profaned/violated", "*qōdeš*": "masculine singular noun - holy things/sanctuary", "*ḥāmesû*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - they did violence to", "*tôrâ*": "feminine singular noun - law/instruction" }, "variants": { "*nebîʾêhā*": "her prophets", "*pōḥăzîm*": "reckless/wanton/arrogant/light", "*ʾanšê*": "men of", "*bōgedôt*": "treacheries/betrayals/faithlessness", "*kōhănêhā*": "her priests", "*ḥilelû*": "profaned/violated/desecrated", "*qōdeš*": "holy things/sanctuary/what is holy", "*ḥāmesû*": "did violence to/violated/twisted" } }
  • Zech 11:5-7 : 5 { "verseID": "Zechariah.11.5", "source": "אֲשֶׁ֨ר קֹנֵיהֶ֤ן יַֽהֲרְגֻן֙ וְלֹ֣א יֶאְשָׁ֔מוּ וּמֹכְרֵיהֶ֣ן יֹאמַ֔ר בָּר֥וּךְ יְהוָ֖ה וַאעְשִׁ֑ר וְרֹ֣עֵיהֶ֔ם לֹ֥א יַחְמ֖וֹל עֲלֵיהֶֽן׃", "text": "*ʾăšer* *qōnêhen* *yahărḡun* *wəlōʾ* *yeʾšāmû* *ûmōḵərêhen* *yōʾmar* *bārûḵ* *YHWH* *waʿšir* *wərōʿêhem* *lōʾ* *yaḥmôl* *ʿălêhen*", "grammar": { "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - which/whom", "*qōnêhen*": "participle, masculine plural construct with 3rd person feminine plural suffix, qal - their buyers", "*yahărḡun*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural, qal - they kill/slay", "*wəlōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*yeʾšāmû*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural, qal - they feel guilty", "*ûmōḵərêhen*": "conjunction + participle, masculine plural construct with 3rd person feminine plural suffix, qal - and their sellers", "*yōʾmar*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular, qal - says/will say", "*bārûḵ*": "passive participle, masculine singular, qal - blessed", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*waʿšir*": "conjunction + imperfect, 1st person singular, qal - and I become rich", "*wərōʿêhem*": "conjunction + participle, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix, qal - and their shepherds", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yaḥmôl*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular, qal - he has pity/compassion", "*ʿălêhen*": "preposition with 3rd person feminine plural suffix - upon them" }, "variants": { "*qōnêhen*": "their buyers/purchasers", "*yahărḡun*": "they kill/slay/slaughter", "*yeʾšāmû*": "they feel guilty/acknowledge guilt/are held responsible", "*mōḵərêhen*": "their sellers/vendors", "*yōʾmar*": "says/will say", "*bārûḵ*": "blessed/praised", "*waʿšir*": "and I become rich/wealthy", "*rōʿêhem*": "their shepherds/pastors", "*yaḥmôl*": "has pity/shows compassion/spares", "*ʿălêhen*": "upon them/concerning them" } } 6 { "verseID": "Zechariah.11.6", "source": "כִּ֠י לֹ֣א אֶחְמ֥וֹל ע֛וֹד עַל־יֹשְׁבֵ֥י הָאָ֖רֶץ נְאֻם־יְהוָ֑ה וְהִנֵּ֨ה אָנֹכִ֜י מַמְצִ֣יא אֶת־הָאָדָ֗ם אִ֤ישׁ בְּיַד־רֵעֵ֙הוּ֙ וּבְיַ֣ד מַלְכּ֔וֹ וְכִתְּתוּ֙ אֶת־הָאָ֔רֶץ וְלֹ֥א אַצִּ֖יל מִיָּדָֽם׃", "text": "*kî* *lōʾ* *ʾeḥmôl* *ʿôḏ* *ʿal-yōšḇê* *hāʾāreṣ* *nəʾum-YHWH* *wəhinnēh* *ʾānōḵî* *mamṣîʾ* *ʾeṯ-hāʾāḏām* *ʾîš* *bəyaḏ-rēʿēhû* *ûḇəyaḏ* *malkô* *wəḵittəṯû* *ʾeṯ-hāʾāreṣ* *wəlōʾ* *ʾaṣṣîl* *miyyāḏām*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ʾeḥmôl*": "imperfect, 1st person singular, qal - I will have pity", "*ʿôḏ*": "adverb - any longer/still/again", "*ʿal-yōšḇê*": "preposition + participle, masculine plural construct, qal - on inhabitants of", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "article + noun, feminine singular - the land/earth", "*nəʾum-YHWH*": "construct noun + divine name - declaration of YHWH", "*wəhinnēh*": "conjunction + demonstrative particle - and behold", "*ʾānōḵî*": "personal pronoun, 1st person singular - I", "*mamṣîʾ*": "participle, masculine singular, hiphil - causing to come/delivering", "*ʾeṯ-hāʾāḏām*": "direct object marker + article + noun, masculine singular - the mankind/people", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man/each", "*bəyaḏ-rēʿēhû*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct + noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - into hand of his neighbor", "*ûḇəyaḏ*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - and into hand of", "*malkô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his king", "*wəḵittəṯû*": "conjunction + perfect, 3rd person common plural, piel - and they will crush/beat to pieces", "*ʾeṯ-hāʾāreṣ*": "direct object marker + article + noun, feminine singular - the land/earth", "*wəlōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*ʾaṣṣîl*": "imperfect, 1st person singular, hiphil - I will deliver/rescue", "*miyyāḏām*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - from their hand" }, "variants": { "*kî*": "for/because/indeed", "*ʾeḥmôl*": "I will have pity/show compassion/spare", "*ʿôḏ*": "any longer/still/again/yet", "*yōšḇê*": "inhabitants/dwellers of", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "the land/earth/ground/country", "*nəʾum-YHWH*": "declaration of YHWH/says the LORD", "*hinnēh*": "behold/look/see", "*ʾānōḵî*": "I/myself", "*mamṣîʾ*": "causing to come/delivering/handing over", "*hāʾāḏām*": "the mankind/humanity/people", "*ʾîš*": "man/each/each one", "*bəyaḏ*": "into hand of/into power of", "*rēʿēhû*": "his neighbor/companion/friend", "*malkô*": "his king/ruler", "*wəḵittəṯû*": "and they will crush/shatter/beat to pieces", "*ʾaṣṣîl*": "I will deliver/rescue/save", "*miyyāḏām*": "from their hand/from their power" } } 7 { "verseID": "Zechariah.11.7", "source": "וָֽאֶרְעֶה֙ אֶת־צֹ֣אן הַֽהֲרֵגָ֔ה לָכֵ֖ן עֲנִיֵּ֣י הַצֹּ֑אן וָאֶקַּֽח־לִ֞י שְׁנֵ֣י מַקְל֗וֹת לְאַחַ֞ד קָרָ֤אתִי נֹ֙עַם֙ וּלְאַחַד֙ קָרָ֣אתִי חֹֽבְלִ֔ים וָאֶרְעֶ֖ה אֶת־הַצֹּֽאן׃", "text": "*wāʾerʿeh* *ʾeṯ-ṣōʾn* *hahărēḡāh* *lāḵēn* *ʿăniyyê* *haṣṣōʾn* *wāʾeqqaḥ-lî* *šənê* *maqlôṯ* *ləʾaḥaḏ* *qārāʾṯî* *nōʿam* *ûləʾaḥaḏ* *qārāʾṯî* *ḥōḇəlîm* *wāʾerʿeh* *ʾeṯ-haṣṣōʾn*", "grammar": { "*wāʾerʿeh*": "conjunction + imperfect consecutive, 1st person singular, qal - and I shepherded", "*ʾeṯ-ṣōʾn*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular construct - the flock of", "*hahărēḡāh*": "article + noun, feminine singular - the slaughter", "*lāḵēn*": "preposition with adverbial force - therefore/for that reason", "*ʿăniyyê*": "adjective, masculine plural construct - poor/afflicted ones of", "*haṣṣōʾn*": "article + noun, feminine singular - the flock", "*wāʾeqqaḥ-lî*": "conjunction + imperfect consecutive, 1st person singular, qal + preposition with 1st person singular suffix - and I took for myself", "*šənê*": "number, masculine dual construct - two", "*maqlôṯ*": "noun, masculine plural - staffs/rods", "*ləʾaḥaḏ*": "preposition + cardinal number, masculine singular - to one", "*qārāʾṯî*": "perfect, 1st person singular, qal - I called/named", "*nōʿam*": "noun, masculine singular - pleasantness/favor", "*ûləʾaḥaḏ*": "conjunction + preposition + cardinal number, masculine singular - and to one", "*qārāʾṯî*": "perfect, 1st person singular, qal - I called/named", "*ḥōḇəlîm*": "participle, masculine plural, qal - binders/union", "*wāʾerʿeh*": "conjunction + imperfect consecutive, 1st person singular, qal - and I shepherded", "*ʾeṯ-haṣṣōʾn*": "direct object marker + article + noun, feminine singular - the flock" }, "variants": { "*wāʾerʿeh*": "and I shepherded/pastured/fed/tended", "*ṣōʾn*": "flock/sheep", "*hahărēḡāh*": "the slaughter/killing", "*lāḵēn*": "therefore/thus/for the sake of", "*ʿăniyyê*": "poor/afflicted/humble ones of", "*haṣṣōʾn*": "the flock/sheep", "*wāʾeqqaḥ*": "and I took/acquired", "*maqlôṯ*": "staffs/rods/sticks", "*qārāʾṯî*": "I called/named", "*nōʿam*": "pleasantness/beauty/favor/graciousness", "*ḥōḇəlîm*": "bands/binders/union/Binders/Severity (possible meaning)" } }
  • John 10:12 : 12 { "verseID": "John.10.12", "source": "Ὁ μισθωτὸς δέ, καὶ οὐκ ὢν ποιμήν, οὗ οὐκ εἰσὶν τὰ πρόβατα ἴδια, θεωρεῖ τὸν λύκον ἐρχόμενον, καὶ ἀφίησιν τὰ πρόβατα, καὶ φεύγει: καὶ ὁ λύκος ἁρπάζει αὐτά, καὶ σκορπίζει τὰ πρόβατα.", "text": "The *misthōtos de*, and not *ōn poimēn*, of whom not *eisin* the *probata idia*, *theōrei* the *lykon erchomenon*, and *aphiēsin* the *probata*, and *pheugei*: and the *lykos harpazei* them, and *skorpizei* the *probata*.", "grammar": { "*misthōtos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - hired man/hireling", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and/now", "*ōn*": "present active participle, nominative masculine singular - being", "*poimēn*": "nominative, masculine, singular - shepherd", "*eisin*": "present active indicative, 3rd person plural - they are", "*probata*": "nominative, neuter, plural - sheep", "*idia*": "nominative, neuter, plural - own/belonging to oneself", "*theōrei*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - sees/perceives", "*lykon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - wolf", "*erchomenon*": "present middle participle, accusative masculine singular - coming", "*aphiēsin*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - leaves/abandons", "*pheugei*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - flees/runs away", "*lykos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - wolf", "*harpazei*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - seizes/snatches", "*skorpizei*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - scatters/disperses" }, "variants": { "*misthōtos*": "hired man/hireling/wage earner", "*de*": "but/and/now", "*ōn*": "being/existing", "*poimēn*": "shepherd/herdsman", "*eisin*": "are/exist", "*probata*": "sheep", "*idia*": "own/belonging to oneself", "*theōrei*": "sees/observes/perceives", "*lykon*": "wolf", "*erchomenon*": "coming/approaching", "*aphiēsin*": "leaves/abandons/lets go", "*pheugei*": "flees/runs away/escapes", "*harpazei*": "seizes/snatches/takes by force", "*skorpizei*": "scatters/disperses/separates" } }
  • Jer 23:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.23.2", "source": "לָכֵן כֹּה־אָמַר יְהוָה אֱלֹהֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל עַל־הָרֹעִים הָרֹעִים אֶת־עַמִּי אַתֶּם הֲפִצֹתֶם אֶת־צֹאנִי וַתַּדִּחוּם וְלֹא פְקַדְתֶּם אֹתָם הִנְנִי פֹקֵד עֲלֵיכֶם אֶת־רֹעַ מַעַלְלֵיכֶם נְאֻם־יְהוָה", "text": "*Lākēn* *kōh*-*ʾāmar* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhê* *yiśrāʾēl* *ʿal*-*hārōʿîm* *hārōʿîm* *ʾet*-*ʿammî* *ʾattem* *hăp̄iṣōtem* *ʾet*-*ṣōʾnî* *wattaddîḥûm* *wəlōʾ* *pəqadtem* *ʾōtām* *hinənî* *p̄ōqēd* *ʿălêkem* *ʾet*-*rōaʿ* *maʿalləlêkem* *nəʾum*-*YHWH*", "grammar": { "*Lākēn*": "adverb - therefore/consequently", "*kōh*": "adverb - thus/so", "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he said/spoke", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "construct state - God of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʿal*": "preposition - concerning/against", "*hārōʿîm*": "definite article + masculine plural participle - the shepherds", "*hārōʿîm*": "definite article + qal participle masculine plural - those who shepherd", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʿammî*": "masculine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - my people", "*ʾattem*": "2nd person masculine plural pronoun - you", "*hăp̄iṣōtem*": "hiphil perfect 2nd masculine plural - you have scattered", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ṣōʾnî*": "feminine singular collective noun + 1st person singular suffix - my flock", "*wattaddîḥûm*": "conjunction + hiphil imperfect 2nd masculine plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - and you drove them away", "*wəlōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*pəqadtem*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine plural - you have attended to/visited", "*ʾōtām*": "direct object marker + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - them", "*hinənî*": "interjection + 1st person singular suffix - behold me/I am about to", "*p̄ōqēd*": "qal participle masculine singular - visiting/attending to", "*ʿălêkem*": "preposition + 2nd masculine plural suffix - upon you", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*rōaʿ*": "noun masculine singular construct - evil of", "*maʿalləlêkem*": "masculine plural noun + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your deeds/practices", "*nəʾum*": "construct state - declaration/utterance of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD" }, "variants": { "*pəqadtem*": "attended to/visited/taken care of/punished", "*p̄ōqēd*": "visiting/attending to/taking care of/punishing", "*rōaʿ*": "evil/wickedness/badness", "*maʿalləlêkem*": "your deeds/your practices/your actions" } }
  • Jer 23:11-15 : 11 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.23.11", "source": "כִּי־גַם־נָבִיא גַם־כֹּהֵן חָנֵפוּ גַּם־בְּבֵיתִי מָצָאתִי רָעָתָם נְאֻם־יְהוָה", "text": "*Kî*-*gam*-*nābîʾ* *gam*-*kōhēn* *ḥānēp̄û* *gam*-*bəbêtî* *māṣāʾtî* *rāʿātām* *nəʾum*-*YHWH*", "grammar": { "*Kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*gam*": "particle - also/even", "*nābîʾ*": "masculine singular noun - prophet", "*gam*": "particle - also/even", "*kōhēn*": "masculine singular noun - priest", "*ḥānēp̄û*": "qal perfect 3rd person common plural - are profane/polluted", "*gam*": "particle - also/even", "*bəbêtî*": "preposition + preposition + masculine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - in my house", "*māṣāʾtî*": "qal perfect 1st person singular - I have found", "*rāʿātām*": "feminine singular noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their evil/wickedness", "*nəʾum*": "construct state - declaration/utterance of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD" }, "variants": { "*ḥānēp̄û*": "are profane/are polluted/are godless/are hypocritical", "*rāʿātām*": "their evil/their wickedness/their wrongdoing" } } 12 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.23.12", "source": "לָכֵן יִהְיֶה דַרְכָּם לָהֶם כַּחֲלַקְלַקּוֹת בָּאֲפֵלָה יִדַּחוּ וְנָפְלוּ בָהּ כִּי־אָבִיא עֲלֵיהֶם רָעָה שְׁנַת פְּקֻדָּתָם נְאֻם־יְהוָה", "text": "*Lākēn* *yihyeh* *darkām* *lāhem* *kaḥălaqlaqqôt* *bāʾăp̄ēlâ* *yiddaḥû* *wənāp̄əlû* *bāh* *kî*-*ʾābîʾ* *ʿălêhem* *rāʿâ* *šənat* *pəquddātām* *nəʾum*-*YHWH*", "grammar": { "*Lākēn*": "adverb - therefore/consequently", "*yihyeh*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - it will be", "*darkām*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their way", "*lāhem*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to them", "*kaḥălaqlaqqôt*": "preposition + feminine plural noun - like slippery places", "*bāʾăp̄ēlâ*": "preposition + definite article + feminine singular noun - in the darkness", "*yiddaḥû*": "niphal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they will be driven/thrust", "*wənāp̄əlû*": "conjunction + qal perfect 3rd person common plural - and they will fall", "*bāh*": "preposition + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - in it", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʾābîʾ*": "hiphil imperfect 1st person singular - I will bring", "*ʿălêhem*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - upon them", "*rāʿâ*": "feminine singular noun - evil/calamity", "*šənat*": "feminine singular construct - year of", "*pəquddātām*": "feminine singular noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their visitation/punishment", "*nəʾum*": "construct state - declaration/utterance of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD" }, "variants": { "*ḥălaqlaqqôt*": "slippery places/slippery ways", "*ʾăp̄ēlâ*": "darkness/gloom/thick darkness", "*yiddaḥû*": "be driven/be thrust/be banished", "*rāʿâ*": "evil/calamity/disaster", "*pəquddātām*": "their visitation/their punishment/their reckoning" } } 13 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.23.13", "source": "וּבִנְבִיאֵי שֹׁמְרוֹן רָאִיתִי תִפְלָה הִנַּבְּאוּ בַבַּעַל וַיַּתְעוּ אֶת־עַמִּי אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵל", "text": "*Ûbinbîʾê* *šōmərôn* *rāʾîtî* *tip̄lâ* *hinnabbəʾû* *babbaʿal* *wayyatʿû* *ʾet*-*ʿammî* *ʾet*-*yiśrāʾēl*", "grammar": { "*Ûbinbîʾê*": "conjunction + preposition + masculine plural construct - and in the prophets of", "*šōmərôn*": "proper noun - Samaria", "*rāʾîtî*": "qal perfect 1st person singular - I have seen", "*tip̄lâ*": "feminine singular noun - unsavoriness/folly", "*hinnabbəʾû*": "hithpael perfect 3rd person common plural - they prophesied", "*babbaʿal*": "preposition + definite article + proper noun - by Baal", "*wayyatʿû*": "conjunction + hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they led astray", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʿammî*": "masculine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - my people", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel" }, "variants": { "*tip̄lâ*": "unsavoriness/folly/offensive thing", "*hinnabbəʾû*": "they prophesied/they acted as prophets", "*wayyatʿû*": "they led astray/they caused to err/they misled" } } 14 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.23.14", "source": "וּבִנְבִאֵי יְרוּשָׁלִַם רָאִיתִי שַׁעֲרוּרָה נָאוֹף וְהָלֹךְ בַּשֶּׁקֶר וְחִזְּקוּ יְדֵי מְרֵעִים לְבִלְתִּי־שָׁבוּ אִישׁ מֵרָעָתוֹ הָיוּ־לִי כֻלָּם כִּסְדֹם וְיֹשְׁבֶיהָ כַּעֲמֹרָה", "text": "*Ûbinbîʾê* *yərûšālaim* *rāʾîtî* *šaʿărûrâ* *nāʾôp̄* *wəhālōk* *baššeqer* *wəḥizzəqû* *yədê* *mərēʿîm* *ləbiltî*-*šābû* *ʾîš* *mērāʿātô* *hāyû*-*lî* *kullām* *kisdōm* *wəyōšəbêhā* *kaʿămōrâ*", "grammar": { "*Ûbinbîʾê*": "conjunction + preposition + masculine plural construct - and in the prophets of", "*yərûšālaim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem", "*rāʾîtî*": "qal perfect 1st person singular - I have seen", "*šaʿărûrâ*": "feminine singular noun - horrible thing", "*nāʾôp̄*": "qal infinitive absolute - committing adultery", "*wəhālōk*": "conjunction + qal infinitive absolute - and walking", "*baššeqer*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - in the falsehood/lie", "*wəḥizzəqû*": "conjunction + piel perfect 3rd person common plural - and they strengthen", "*yədê*": "feminine dual construct - hands of", "*mərēʿîm*": "hiphil participle masculine plural - evildoers", "*ləbiltî*": "preposition + conjunction - so that not", "*šābû*": "qal perfect 3rd person common plural - they return/repent", "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - each man", "*mērāʿātô*": "preposition + feminine singular noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - from his evil", "*hāyû*": "qal perfect 3rd person common plural - they have become", "*lî*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - to me", "*kullām*": "noun masculine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - all of them", "*kisdōm*": "preposition + proper noun - like Sodom", "*wəyōšəbêhā*": "conjunction + qal participle masculine plural construct + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - and her inhabitants", "*kaʿămōrâ*": "preposition + proper noun - like Gomorrah" }, "variants": { "*šaʿărûrâ*": "horrible thing/shocking thing/disgusting thing", "*nāʾôp̄*": "committing adultery/being unfaithful", "*šeqer*": "falsehood/lie/deception", "*ḥizzəqû*": "strengthen/encourage/support", "*mərēʿîm*": "evildoers/those doing evil", "*šābû*": "return/repent/turn back" } } 15 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.23.15", "source": "לָכֵ֞ן כֹּֽה־אָמַ֨ר יְהוָ֤ה צְבָאוֹת֙ עַל־הַנְּבִאִ֔ים הִנְנִ֨י מַאֲכִ֤יל אוֹתָם֙ לַֽעֲנָ֔ה וְהִשְׁקִתִ֖ים מֵי־רֹ֑אשׁ כִּ֗י מֵאֵת֙ נְבִיאֵ֣י יְרוּשָׁלִַ֔ם יָצְאָ֥ה חֲנֻפָּ֖ה לְכָל־הָאָֽרֶץ׃ פ", "text": "*Lākēn* thus *ʾāmar* *YHWH* *ṣəbāʾôt* upon-the-*nəbīʾîm*: *Hinənî* *maʾăkîl* them *laʿănâ* and-*hišqîtîm* *mê*-*rōʾš*, for from *nəbîʾê* *Yərûšālaim* *yāṣəʾâ* *ḥănuppâ* to-all-the-*ʾāreṣ*.", "grammar": { "*Lākēn*": "adverb - therefore", "*ʾāmar*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - said/declared", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*ṣəbāʾôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - hosts/armies", "*nəbīʾîm*": "noun, masculine plural - prophets", "*Hinənî*": "interjection + 1st singular suffix - behold me/I am about to", "*maʾăkîl*": "hiphil participle, masculine singular - causing to eat", "*laʿănâ*": "noun, feminine singular - wormwood (bitter herb)", "*hišqîtîm*": "hiphil perfect, 1st singular with 3rd plural suffix - I will cause them to drink", "*mê*": "noun, construct - waters of", "*rōʾš*": "noun, masculine singular - gall/poison/venom", "*nəbîʾê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - prophets of", "*Yərûšālaim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem", "*yāṣəʾâ*": "qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - went out/came forth", "*ḥănuppâ*": "noun, feminine singular - pollution/profaneness/ungodliness", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine singular - land/earth" }, "variants": { "*laʿănâ*": "wormwood/bitterness/curse", "*rōʾš*": "gall/poison/bitter herb/venom", "*ḥănuppâ*": "pollution/profaneness/ungodliness/hypocrisy", "*ʾāreṣ*": "land/earth/ground/territory" } }
  • Jer 25:34-36 : 34 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.25.34", "source": "הֵילִ֨ילוּ הָרֹעִ֜ים וְזַעֲק֗וּ וְהִֽתְפַּלְּשׁוּ֙ אַדִּירֵ֣י הַצֹּ֔אן כִּֽי־מָלְא֥וּ יְמֵיכֶ֖ם לִטְב֑וֹחַ וּתְפוֹצ֣וֹתִיכֶ֔ם וּנְפַלְתֶּ֖ם כִּכְלִ֥י חֶמְדָּֽה׃", "text": "*Hêlîlû* *hārōʿîm* and *zaʿăqû* and *hitpalləšû* *ʾaddîrê* *haṣṣōʾn* because-*māləʾû* *yəmêḵem* for-*ṭəbôaḥ* and *təpôṣôtîḵem* and *nəp̄altem* like-*kəlî* *ḥemdāh*.", "grammar": { "*Hêlîlû*": "verb, hiphil imperative, masculine plural - howl/wail", "*hārōʿîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the shepherds", "*zaʿăqû*": "verb, qal imperative, masculine plural - cry out", "*hitpalləšû*": "verb, hithpael imperative, masculine plural - roll yourselves", "*ʾaddîrê*": "adjective, masculine plural construct - mighty ones of", "*haṣṣōʾn*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the flock", "*māləʾû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they are fulfilled", "*yəmêḵem*": "noun, masculine plural + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your days", "*ṭəbôaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular - slaughter", "*təpôṣôtîḵem*": "noun, feminine plural + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your scatterings", "*nəp̄altem*": "verb, qal perfect, 2nd masculine plural - you will fall", "*kəlî*": "noun, masculine singular - vessel", "*ḥemdāh*": "noun, feminine singular - desire/delight/precious" }, "variants": { "*Hêlîlû*": "howl/wail/lament", "*hārōʿîm*": "the shepherds/the pastors/the rulers", "*zaʿăqû*": "cry out/shriek/call", "*hitpalləšû*": "roll yourselves/wallow (in dust or ashes as sign of mourning)", "*ʾaddîrê*": "mighty ones/nobles/principal ones", "*māləʾû*": "they are fulfilled/completed/accomplished", "*ṭəbôaḥ*": "slaughter/butchering", "*təpôṣôtîḵem*": "your scatterings/dispersions/breaking in pieces", "*nəp̄altem*": "you will fall/you will be cast down", "*kəlî*": "vessel/instrument/article", "*ḥemdāh*": "desirable/precious/pleasant" } } 35 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.25.35", "source": "וְאָבַ֥ד מָנ֖וֹס מִן־הֽ͏ָרֹעִ֑ים וּפְלֵיטָ֖ה מֵאַדִּירֵ֥י הַצֹּֽאן׃", "text": "And *ʾābad* *mānôs* from-*hārōʿîm* and *pəlêṭāh* from-*ʾaddîrê* *haṣṣōʾn*.", "grammar": { "*ʾābad*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - it has perished", "*mānôs*": "noun, masculine singular - flight/refuge", "*hārōʿîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the shepherds", "*pəlêṭāh*": "noun, feminine singular - escape/deliverance", "*ʾaddîrê*": "adjective, masculine plural construct - mighty ones of", "*haṣṣōʾn*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the flock" }, "variants": { "*ʾābad*": "perished/destroyed/vanished", "*mānôs*": "flight/refuge/escape", "*hārōʿîm*": "the shepherds/the pastors/the rulers", "*pəlêṭāh*": "escape/deliverance/remnant", "*ʾaddîrê*": "mighty ones/nobles/principal ones" } } 36 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.25.36", "source": "ק֚וֹל צַעֲקַ֣ת הָֽרֹעִ֔ים וִֽילְלַ֖ת אַדִּירֵ֣י הַצֹּ֑אן כִּֽי־שֹׁדֵ֥ד יְהוָ֖ה אֶת־מַרְעִיתָֽם׃", "text": "*Qôl* *ṣaʿăqat* *hārōʿîm* and *yîləlat* *ʾaddîrê* *haṣṣōʾn* because-*šōdēd* *YHWH* *ʾet*-*marʿîtām*.", "grammar": { "*Qôl*": "noun, masculine singular - sound/voice", "*ṣaʿăqat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - cry of", "*hārōʿîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the shepherds", "*yîləlat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - howling of", "*ʾaddîrê*": "adjective, masculine plural construct - mighty ones of", "*haṣṣōʾn*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the flock", "*šōdēd*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular - destroying", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*marʿîtām*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their pasture" }, "variants": { "*ṣaʿăqat*": "cry/outcry/shriek", "*hārōʿîm*": "the shepherds/the pastors/the rulers", "*yîləlat*": "howling/wailing/lamentation", "*ʾaddîrê*": "mighty ones/nobles/principal ones", "*šōdēd*": "destroying/laying waste/despoiling", "*marʿîtām*": "their pasture/their grazing place/their fold" } }
  • Jer 50:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.50.6", "source": "צֹ֤אן אֹֽבְדוֹת֙ *היה **הָי֣וּ עַמִּ֔י רֹעֵיהֶ֣ם הִתְע֔וּם הָרִ֖ים *שובבים **שֽׁוֹבְב֑וּם מֵהַ֤ר אֶל־גִּבְעָה֙ הָלָ֔כוּ שָׁכְח֖וּ רִבְצָֽם׃", "text": "*ṣōʾn* *ʾōbĕdôt* *hāyû* *ʿammî* *rōʿêhem* *hitʿûm* *hārîm* *šôbĕbûm* from-*har* to-*gibʿâ* *hālākû* *šākĕḥû* *ribṣām*.", "grammar": { "*ṣōʾn*": "noun, feminine singular - sheep/flock", "*ʾōbĕdôt*": "qal participle, feminine plural - lost/perishing/wandering", "*hāyû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they were/have been (Kethib/Qere variant in source)", "*ʿammî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - my people", "*rōʿêhem*": "qal participle, masculine plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their shepherds", "*hitʿûm*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd common plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - caused them to err/led them astray", "*hārîm*": "noun, masculine plural - mountains", "*šôbĕbûm*": "polel perfect, 3rd common plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - have turned them away/led them astray (Kethib/Qere variant in source)", "*har*": "noun, masculine singular - mountain", "*gibʿâ*": "noun, feminine singular - hill", "*hālākû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they went/walked", "*šākĕḥû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they forgot", "*ribṣām*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their resting place" }, "variants": { "*ṣōʾn* *ʾōbĕdôt*": "lost sheep/perishing flock", "*hitʿûm*": "caused them to err/led them astray/misled them", "*šôbĕbûm*": "turned them away/led them astray/made them backslide", "*ribṣām*": "their resting place/fold/pasture" } }
  • Jer 2:26 : 26 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.2.26", "source": "כְּבֹ֤שֶׁת גַּנָּב֙ כִּ֣י יִמָּצֵ֔א כֵּ֥ן הֹבִ֖ישׁוּ בֵּ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל הֵ֤מָּה מַלְכֵיהֶם֙ שָֽׂרֵיהֶ֔ם וְכֹהֲנֵיהֶ֖ם וּנְבִיאֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "*kəbōšet* *gannāb* *kî* *yimmāṣēʾ* *kēn* *hōbîšû* *bêt* *yiśrāʾēl* *hēmmāh* *malkêhem* *śārêhem* *wəkōhănêhem* *ūnəbîʾêhem*", "grammar": { "*kəbōšet*": "preposition + feminine singular construct noun - like the shame of", "*gannāb*": "masculine singular noun - thief", "*kî*": "conjunction - when", "*yimmāṣēʾ*": "imperfect Niphal, 3rd masculine singular - he is found/caught", "*kēn*": "adverb - so/thus", "*hōbîšû*": "perfect Hiphil, 3rd common plural - they are put to shame", "*bêt*": "masculine singular construct noun - house of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*hēmmāh*": "3rd masculine plural pronoun - they", "*malkêhem*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their kings", "*śārêhem*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their princes/officials", "*wəkōhănêhem*": "conjunction + masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - and their priests", "*ūnəbîʾêhem*": "conjunction + masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - and their prophets" }, "variants": { "*bōšet*": "shame/disgrace/humiliation", "*gannāb*": "thief/robber", "*yimmāṣēʾ*": "he is found/caught/discovered", "*hōbîšû*": "they are put to shame/disgraced/humiliated", "*bêt*": "house/household/family/dynasty of", "*śārêhem*": "their princes/officials/leaders", "*kōhănêhem*": "their priests/religious leaders", "*nəbîʾêhem*": "their prophets/seers" } }
  • Ezek 22:25-29 : 25 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.22.25", "source": "קֶ֤שֶׁר נְבִיאֶ֙יהָ֙ בְּתוֹכָ֔הּ כַּאֲרִ֥י שׁוֹאֵ֖ג טֹ֣רֵֽף טָ֑רֶף נֶ֣פֶשׁ אָכָ֗לוּ חֹ֤סֶן וִיקָר֙ יִקָּ֔חוּ אַלְמְנוֹתֶ֖יהָ הִרְבּ֥וּ בְתוֹכָֽהּ׃", "text": "*Qešer* her *nəḇîʾeyhā* in *tôḵāh*, like the *ʾărî* *šôʾēḡ* *ṭōrēp̄* *ṭārep̄*; *nep̄eš* they *ʾāḵālû*, *ḥōsen* and *yəqār* they *yiqqāḥû*, her *ʾalmenôṯeyhā* they *hirbû* in *ṯôḵāh*", "grammar": { "*qešer*": "masculine singular noun - 'conspiracy'", "*nəḇîʾeyhā*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'her prophets'", "*tôḵāh*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'her midst'", "*ʾărî*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'the lion'", "*šôʾēḡ*": "qal participle, masculine singular - 'roaring'", "*ṭōrēp̄*": "qal participle, masculine singular - 'tearing'", "*ṭārep̄*": "masculine singular noun - 'prey'", "*nep̄eš*": "feminine singular noun - 'soul/life'", "*ʾāḵālû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - 'they devoured'", "*ḥōsen*": "masculine singular noun - 'wealth'", "*yəqār*": "masculine singular noun - 'precious thing'", "*yiqqāḥû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd plural - 'they take'", "*ʾalmenôṯeyhā*": "feminine plural noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'her widows'", "*hirbû*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd plural - 'they increased'" }, "variants": { "*qešer*": "conspiracy/plot/alliance", "*šôʾēḡ*": "roaring/growling", "*ṭōrēp̄*": "tearing/rending/ravening", "*nep̄eš*": "soul/life/person", "*ḥōsen*": "wealth/treasure/riches", "*yəqār*": "precious thing/value/splendor", "*hirbû*": "increased/multiplied/made many" } } 26 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.22.26", "source": "כֹּהֲנֶ֜יהָ חָמְס֣וּ תוֹרָתִי֮ וַיְחַלְּל֣וּ קָדָשַׁי֒ בֵּֽין־קֹ֤דֶשׁ לְחֹל֙ לֹ֣א הִבְדִּ֔ילוּ וּבֵין־הַטָּמֵ֥א לְטָה֖וֹר לֹ֣א הוֹדִ֑יעוּ וּמִשַׁבְּתוֹתַי֙ הֶעְלִ֣ימוּ עֵֽינֵיהֶ֔ם וָאֵחַ֖ל בְּתוֹכָֽם׃", "text": "Her *kōhăneyhā* *ḥāməsû* my *tôrāṯî* and *wayəḥalləlû* my *qāḏāšay*; between-*qōḏeš* to *ḥōl* not they *hiḇdîlû*, and between-the *ṭāmēʾ* to *ṭāhôr* not they *hôḏîʿû*; and from my *šabbəṯôṯay* they *heʿlîmû* their *ʿênêhem*, and I am *ʾēḥal* in *tôḵām*", "grammar": { "*kōhăneyhā*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'her priests'", "*ḥāməsû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - 'they did violence to'", "*tôrāṯî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st singular suffix - 'my law'", "*wayəḥalləlû*": "piel imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd plural - 'they profaned'", "*qāḏāšay*": "masculine plural noun with 1st singular suffix - 'my holy things'", "*qōḏeš*": "masculine singular noun - 'holy'", "*ḥōl*": "masculine singular noun - 'common/profane'", "*hiḇdîlû*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd plural - 'they distinguished'", "*ṭāmēʾ*": "adjective, masculine singular with definite article - 'the unclean'", "*ṭāhôr*": "adjective, masculine singular - 'clean'", "*hôḏîʿû*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd plural - 'they made known'", "*šabbəṯôṯay*": "feminine plural noun with 1st singular suffix - 'my sabbaths'", "*heʿlîmû*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd plural - 'they hid'", "*ʿênêhem*": "feminine dual noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - 'their eyes'", "*ʾēḥal*": "niphal imperfect, 1st singular - 'I am profaned'", "*tôḵām*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - 'their midst'" }, "variants": { "*ḥāməsû*": "did violence to/violated/treated violently", "*qāḏāšay*": "my holy things/my sacred things/my sanctuary", "*hiḇdîlû*": "distinguished/separated/made a distinction", "*hôḏîʿû*": "made known/taught/informed", "*heʿlîmû*": "hid/concealed/averted", "*ʾēḥal*": "am profaned/am dishonored/am desecrated" } } 27 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.22.27", "source": "שָׂרֶ֣יהָ בְקִרְבָּ֔הּ כִּזְאֵבִ֖ים טֹ֣רְפֵי טָ֑רֶף לִשְׁפָּךְ־דָּם֙ לְאַבֵּ֣ד נְפָשׁ֔וֹת לְמַ֖עַן בְּצֹ֥עַ בָּֽצַע׃", "text": "Her *śāreyhā* in *qirbāh* like *zəʾēḇîm* *ṭōrəp̄ê* *ṭārep̄*; to *lišpāḵ*-*dām*, to *ʾabbēḏ* *nəp̄āšôṯ*, for *ləmaʿan* *bəṣōaʿ* *bāṣaʿ*", "grammar": { "*śāreyhā*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'her princes'", "*qirbāh*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'her midst'", "*zəʾēḇîm*": "masculine plural noun - 'wolves'", "*ṭōrəp̄ê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - 'tearing of'", "*ṭārep̄*": "masculine singular noun - 'prey'", "*lišpāḵ*": "qal infinitive construct - 'to shed'", "*dām*": "masculine singular noun - 'blood'", "*ʾabbēḏ*": "piel infinitive construct - 'to destroy'", "*nəp̄āšôṯ*": "feminine plural noun - 'souls/lives'", "*ləmaʿan*": "preposition + conjunction - 'for the purpose of'", "*bəṣōaʿ*": "qal infinitive construct - 'to gain'", "*bāṣaʿ*": "masculine singular noun - 'profit/gain'" }, "variants": { "*śāreyhā*": "her princes/her officials/her rulers", "*ṭōrəp̄ê*": "tearing of/rending of/ravening", "*ṭārep̄*": "prey/torn flesh", "*ʾabbēḏ*": "to destroy/to cause to perish", "*nəp̄āšôṯ*": "souls/lives/persons", "*bəṣōaʿ* *bāṣaʿ*": "to gain unjust gain/to make dishonest profit" } } 28 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.22.28", "source": "וּנְבִיאֶ֗יהָ טָח֤וּ לָהֶם֙ תָּפֵ֔ל חֹזִ֣ים שָׁ֔וְא וְקֹסְמִ֥ים לָהֶ֖ם כָּזָ֑ב אֹמְרִ֗ים כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֔ה וַֽיהוָ֖ה לֹ֥א דִבֵּֽר׃", "text": "And her *nəḇîʾeyhā* *ṭāḥû* for them *tāp̄ēl*, *ḥōzîm* *šāwəʾ* and *qōsəmîm* for them *kāzāḇ*; *ʾōmərîm*, thus *ʾāmar* *ʾăḏōnāy* *YHWH*, though *YHWH* has not *dibbēr*", "grammar": { "*nəḇîʾeyhā*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'her prophets'", "*ṭāḥû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - 'they plastered'", "*tāp̄ēl*": "masculine singular noun - 'whitewash/untempered mortar'", "*ḥōzîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - 'seeing'", "*šāwəʾ*": "masculine singular noun - 'falsehood/vanity'", "*qōsəmîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - 'divining'", "*kāzāḇ*": "masculine singular noun - 'lie'", "*ʾōmərîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - 'saying'", "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'he said'", "*ʾăḏōnāy*": "noun with 1st plural suffix as divine title - 'my Lord'", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - 'Yahweh/LORD'", "*dibbēr*": "piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'he has spoken'" }, "variants": { "*ṭāḥû*": "plastered/coated/daubed", "*tāp̄ēl*": "whitewash/untempered mortar/plaster", "*šāwəʾ*": "falsehood/vanity/emptiness", "*qōsəmîm*": "divining/practicing divination", "*kāzāḇ*": "lie/falsehood/deception" } } 29 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.22.29", "source": "עַ֤ם הָאָ֙רֶץ֙ עָ֣שְׁקוּ עֹ֔שֶׁק וְגָזְל֖וּ גָּזֵ֑ל וְעָנִ֤י וְאֶבְיוֹן֙ הוֹנ֔וּ וְאֶת־הַגֵּ֥ר עָשְׁק֖וּ בְּלֹ֥א מִשְׁפָּֽט׃", "text": "*ʿAm* the *ʾāreṣ* *ʿāšəqû* *ʿōšeq* and *ḡāzəlû* *gāzēl*; and the *ʿānî* and *ʾeḇyôn* they have *hônû*, and *ʾeṯ*-the *gēr* they *ʿāšəqû* without *mišpāṭ*", "grammar": { "*ʿam*": "masculine singular noun - 'people'", "*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - 'the land'", "*ʿāšəqû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - 'they oppressed'", "*ʿōšeq*": "masculine singular noun - 'oppression'", "*ḡāzəlû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - 'they robbed'", "*gāzēl*": "masculine singular noun - 'robbery'", "*ʿānî*": "adjective, masculine singular with definite article - 'the poor'", "*ʾeḇyôn*": "adjective, masculine singular with definite article - 'the needy'", "*hônû*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd plural - 'they wronged'", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*gēr*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'the sojourner'", "*mišpāṭ*": "masculine singular noun - 'judgment/justice'" }, "variants": { "*ʿam* *ʾāreṣ*": "people of the land/common people", "*ʿāšəqû* *ʿōšeq*": "oppressed with oppression (idiom for severe oppression)", "*ḡāzəlû* *gāzēl*": "robbed with robbery (idiom for severe robbery)", "*hônû*": "wronged/oppressed/defrauded", "*gēr*": "sojourner/alien/foreigner", "*mišpāṭ*": "judgment/justice/legal right" } }
  • Mic 3:11-12 : 11 { "verseID": "Micah.3.11", "source": "רָאשֶׁ֣יהָ ׀ בְּשֹׁ֣חַד יִשְׁפֹּ֗טוּ וְכֹהֲנֶ֙יהָ֙ בִּמְחִ֣יר יוֹר֔וּ וּנְבִיאֶ֖יהָ בְּכֶ֣סֶף יִקְסֹ֑מוּ וְעַל־יְהוָה֙ יִשָּׁעֵ֣נוּ לֵאמֹ֔ר הֲל֤וֹא יְהוָה֙ בְּקִרְבֵּ֔נוּ לֹֽא־תָב֥וֹא עָלֵ֖ינוּ רָעָֽה׃", "text": "*rāʾšêhā* for-*šōḥad* *yišpōṭû* and-*kōhănêhā* for-*mĕḥîr* *yôrû* and-*nĕbîʾêhā* for-*kesep* *yiqsōmû* and-upon-*YHWH* *yiššāʿēnû* saying *hălôʾ* *YHWH* in-*qirbēnû* not-*tābôʾ* upon-us *rāʿâ*", "grammar": { "*rāʾšêhā*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her heads/leaders", "*šōḥad*": "masculine singular noun - bribe", "*yišpōṭû*": "3rd person plural qal imperfect - they judge", "*kōhănêhā*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her priests", "*mĕḥîr*": "masculine singular noun - price/payment", "*yôrû*": "3rd person plural hiphil imperfect - they teach", "*nĕbîʾêhā*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her prophets", "*kesep*": "masculine singular noun - silver/money", "*yiqsōmû*": "3rd person plural qal imperfect - they divine", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD", "*yiššāʿēnû*": "3rd person plural niphal imperfect - they lean", "*hălôʾ*": "interrogative particle - is not", "*qirbēnû*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person plural suffix - our midst", "*tābôʾ*": "3rd person feminine singular qal imperfect - she will come", "*rāʿâ*": "feminine singular noun/adjective - evil/disaster" }, "variants": { "*rāʾšêhā*": "her heads/leaders/chiefs", "*šōḥad*": "bribe/gift", "*yišpōṭû*": "they judge/govern", "*mĕḥîr*": "price/payment/hire", "*yôrû*": "they teach/instruct", "*kesep*": "silver/money/payment", "*yiqsōmû*": "they divine/practice divination", "*yiššāʿēnû*": "they lean/rely/depend", "*qirbēnû*": "our midst/among us", "*tābôʾ*": "she will come/arrive/happen", "*rāʿâ*": "evil/disaster/calamity" } } 12 { "verseID": "Micah.3.12", "source": "לָכֵן֙ בִּגְלַלְכֶ֔ם צִיּ֖וֹן שָׂדֶ֣ה תֵֽחָרֵ֑שׁ וִירוּשָׁלִַ֙ם֙ עִיִּ֣ין תִּֽהְיֶ֔ה וְהַ֥ר הַבַּ֖יִת לְבָמ֥וֹת יָֽעַר׃ פ", "text": "Therefore on-account-of-you *ṣiyyôn* *śādeh* *tēḥārēš* and-*yĕrûšālaim* *ʿiyyîn* *tihyeh* and-*har* the-*bayit* for-*bāmôt* *yāʿar*", "grammar": { "*ṣiyyôn*": "proper name - Zion", "*śādeh*": "masculine singular noun - field", "*tēḥārēš*": "3rd person feminine singular niphal imperfect - she will be plowed", "*yĕrûšālaim*": "proper name - Jerusalem", "*ʿiyyîn*": "masculine plural noun - ruins/heaps", "*tihyeh*": "3rd person feminine singular qal imperfect - she will be", "*har*": "masculine singular construct - mountain of", "*bayit*": "masculine singular noun - house", "*bāmôt*": "feminine plural construct - high places of", "*yāʿar*": "masculine singular noun - forest" }, "variants": { "*śādeh*": "field/country/land", "*tēḥārēš*": "she will be plowed/cultivated", "*ʿiyyîn*": "ruins/heaps/rubble", "*tihyeh*": "she will be/become", "*har*": "mountain/hill", "*bayit*": "house/temple", "*bāmôt*": "high places/heights", "*yāʿar*": "forest/thicket/wooded height" } }
  • Ezek 34:21 : 21 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.34.21", "source": "יַ֗עַן בְּצַ֤ד וּבְכָתֵף֙ תֶּהְדֹּ֔פוּ וּבְקַרְנֵיכֶ֥ם תְּנַגְּח֖וּ כָּל־הַנַּחְל֑וֹת עַ֣ד אֲשֶׁ֧ר הֲפִיצוֹתֶ֛ם אוֹתָ֖נָה אֶל־הַחֽוּצָה׃", "text": "*yaʿan* with-*ṣaḏ* and-with-*ḵāṯēp̄* *tehḏōp̄û* and-with-*qarnêḵem* *tənaggəḥû* all-the-*naḥlôṯ* until which *hăp̄îṣôṯem* them to-the-*ḥûṣâ*.", "grammar": { "*yaʿan*": "conjunction - because", "*ṣaḏ*": "noun, masculine singular - side", "*ḵāṯēp̄*": "noun, feminine singular - shoulder", "*tehḏōp̄û*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you push", "*qarnêḵem*": "noun, feminine dual with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your horns", "*tənaggəḥû*": "piel imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you gore", "*naḥlôṯ*": "niphal participle, feminine plural with definite article - the weak ones", "*hăp̄îṣôṯem*": "hiphil perfect, 2nd masculine plural - you scattered", "*ḥûṣâ*": "noun, masculine singular with directional he - to the outside" }, "variants": { "*yaʿan*": "because/since", "*ṣaḏ*": "side/flank", "*ḵāṯēp̄*": "shoulder/side", "*tehḏōp̄û*": "you push/thrust/shove", "*qarnêḵem*": "your horns", "*tənaggəḥû*": "you gore/butt/push", "*naḥlôṯ*": "weak/sick/diseased ones", "*hăp̄îṣôṯem*": "you scattered/dispersed", "*ḥûṣâ*": "outside/abroad/street" } }
  • Ezek 34:31 : 31 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.34.31", "source": "וְאַתֵּ֥ן צֹאנִ֛י צֹ֥אן מַרְעִיתִ֖י אָדָ֣ם אַתֶּ֑ם אֲנִי֙ אֱלֹ֣הֵיכֶ֔ם נְאֻ֖ם אֲדֹנָ֥י יְהוִֽה׃", "text": "And-*ʾattēn* *ṣōʾnî*, *ṣōʾn* *marʿîṯî*, *ʾāḏām* *ʾattem*; I *ʾĕlōhêḵem*, *nəʾum* *ʾăḏōnāy* *YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*ʾattēn*": "pronoun, 2nd feminine plural - you", "*ṣōʾnî*": "common noun, feminine singular with 1st singular suffix - my flock", "*ṣōʾn*": "common noun, feminine singular construct - flock of", "*marʿîṯî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st singular suffix - my pasture", "*ʾāḏām*": "noun, masculine singular - man/mankind", "*ʾattem*": "pronoun, 2nd masculine plural - you", "*ʾĕlōhêḵem*": "noun, masculine plural with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your God", "*nəʾum*": "noun, masculine singular construct - declaration of", "*ʾăḏōnāy*": "proper noun, divine title - my Lord", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name" }, "variants": { "*ʾattēn*": "you (feminine plural)", "*ṣōʾnî*": "my flock/sheep", "*ṣōʾn*": "flock/sheep of", "*marʿîṯî*": "my pasture/feeding place", "*ʾāḏām*": "man/mankind/human beings", "*ʾattem*": "you (masculine plural)", "*ʾĕlōhêḵem*": "your God/deity", "*nəʾum*": "declaration/utterance/oracle of" } }