Verse 31

{ "verseID": "Leviticus.16.31", "source": "שַׁבַּ֨ת שַׁבָּת֥וֹן הִיא֙ לָכֶ֔ם וְעִנִּיתֶ֖ם אֶת־נַפְשֹׁתֵיכֶ֑ם חֻקַּ֖ת עוֹלָֽם׃", "text": "*Shabbat shabbātôn* it to-you, *wə-ʿinnîtem* *ʾet*-*naphshōtêkem*; *ḥuqqat* *ʿôlām*.", "grammar": { "*Shabbat shabbātôn*": "construct state + absolute noun, 'sabbath of sabbaths/complete rest'", "*hîʾ*": "3rd person feminine singular pronoun - 'it/she'", "*lākem*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - 'to/for you'", "*wə-ʿinnîtem*": "conjunction + Piel perfect 2nd person masculine plural - 'and you shall afflict/humble'", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*naphshōtêkem*": "feminine plural noun + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - 'your souls/selves'", "*ḥuqqat*": "feminine singular construct noun - 'statute of'", "*ʿôlām*": "masculine singular noun - 'eternity/perpetuity'" }, "variants": { "*shabbātôn*": "complete rest/solemn rest/cessation", "*ʿinnîtem*": "afflict/humble/deny/practice self-denial", "*naphshōtêkem*": "souls/selves/persons/lives", "*ḥuqqat ʿôlām*": "perpetual statute/everlasting ordinance/eternal decree" } }

Other Translations

Referenced Verses

  • Lev 23:32 : 32 { "verseID": "Leviticus.23.32", "source": "שַׁבַּ֨ת שַׁבָּת֥וֹן הוּא֙ לָכֶ֔ם וְעִנִּיתֶ֖ם אֶת־נַפְשֹׁתֵיכֶ֑ם בְּתִשְׁעָ֤ה לַחֹ֙דֶשׁ֙ בָּעֶ֔רֶב מֵעֶ֣רֶב עַד־עֶ֔רֶב תִּשְׁבְּת֖וּ שַׁבַּתְּכֶֽם׃ פ", "text": "*šabbat* *šabbātôn* he to-you *wə-'innîtem* *'et*-*nap̄šōtêkem* in-ninth to-the-*ḥōdeš* in-the-*'erev* from-*'erev* until-*'erev* *tišbətû* *šabbatkem*", "grammar": { "*šabbat*": "feminine singular construct noun - sabbath/rest", "*šabbātôn*": "masculine singular noun - sabbath rest/complete rest", "*wə-'innîtem*": "conjunction + piel perfect 2nd person masculine plural - and you shall afflict", "*nap̄šōtêkem*": "feminine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your souls/lives/selves", "*ḥōdeš*": "masculine singular noun - month/new moon", "*'erev*": "masculine singular noun - evening/sunset", "*tišbətû*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - you shall rest/cease", "*šabbatkem*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your sabbath" }, "variants": { "*šabbat* *šabbātôn*": "sabbath of complete rest/most solemn sabbath/sabbath of sabbaths", "*wə-'innîtem*": "and you shall afflict/humble/deny", "*nap̄šōtêkem*": "your souls/lives/selves", "*ḥōdeš*": "month/new moon/lunar month", "*'erev*": "evening/dusk/sunset", "*tišbətû*": "you shall rest/cease/observe sabbath", "*šabbatkem*": "your sabbath/your rest" } }
  • Isa 58:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Isaiah.58.5", "source": "הֲכָזֶ֗ה יִֽהְיֶה֙ צ֣וֹם אֶבְחָרֵ֔הוּ י֛וֹם עַנּ֥וֹת אָדָ֖ם נַפְשׁ֑וֹ הֲלָכֹ֨ף כְּאַגְמֹ֜ן רֹאשׁ֗וֹ וְשַׂ֤ק וָאֵ֙פֶר֙ יַצִּ֔יעַ הֲלָזֶה֙ תִּקְרָא־צ֔וֹם וְי֥וֹם רָצ֖וֹן לַיהוָֽה׃", "text": "*hă*-like-*zeh* *yihyeh* *ṣôm* *ʾebḥārēhû* day *ʿannôt* *ʾādām* *napšô* *hă*-to bend like-*ʾagmōn* *rōʾšô* *wə*-*śaq* *wā*-*ʾēper* *yaṣṣîaʿ* *hă*-to this *tiqrāʾ*-*ṣôm* *wə*-day *rāṣôn* for-*YHWH*", "grammar": { "*hă*-*kā*-*zeh*": "interrogative particle with preposition with demonstrative - like this?", "*yihyeh*": "imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - will be", "*ṣôm*": "noun - fast", "*ʾebḥārēhû*": "imperfect 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - I choose it", "*yôm*": "noun - day", "*ʿannôt*": "infinitive construct - afflicting of", "*ʾādām*": "noun - man/person", "*napšô*": "noun with 3rd person masculine singular possessive suffix - his soul", "*hă*-*lākōp*": "interrogative particle with infinitive construct - to bend?", "*kə*-*ʾagmōn*": "preposition with noun - like reed", "*rōʾšô*": "noun with 3rd person masculine singular possessive suffix - his head", "*wə*-*śaq*": "conjunction with noun - and sackcloth", "*wā*-*ʾēper*": "conjunction with noun - and ashes", "*yaṣṣîaʿ*": "imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he spreads", "*hă*-*lā*-*zeh*": "interrogative particle with preposition with demonstrative - to this?", "*tiqrāʾ*-*ṣôm*": "imperfect 2nd person masculine singular with noun - you call fast", "*wə*-*yôm*": "conjunction with noun - and day", "*rāṣôn*": "noun - favor/acceptance", "*la*-*YHWH*": "preposition with divine name - for YHWH" }, "variants": { "*zeh*": "this/such", "*yihyeh*": "will be/shall be/becomes", "*ṣôm*": "fast/fasting", "*ʾebḥārēhû*": "I choose it/I select it/I prefer it", "*ʿannôt*": "afflicting/humbling/oppressing", "*ʾādām*": "man/person/humankind", "*napšô*": "his soul/his self/his being", "*lākōp*": "to bend/to bow down", "*ʾagmōn*": "reed/rush/bulrush", "*rōʾšô*": "his head", "*śaq*": "sackcloth/coarse cloth", "*ʾēper*": "ashes/dust", "*yaṣṣîaʿ*": "he spreads/he makes a bed", "*tiqrāʾ*": "you call/you name/you proclaim", "*rāṣôn*": "favor/acceptance/will/pleasure" } }
  • Lev 25:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Leviticus.25.4", "source": "וּבַשָּׁנָ֣ה הַשְּׁבִיעִ֗ת שַׁבַּ֤ת שַׁבָּתוֹן֙ יִהְיֶ֣ה לָאָ֔רֶץ שַׁבָּ֖ת לַיהוָ֑ה שָֽׂדְךָ֙ לֹ֣א תִזְרָ֔ע וְכַרְמְךָ֖ לֹ֥א תִזְמֹֽר׃", "text": "And-in-*haššānāh haššəbîʿît šabbat šabbātôn yihyeh* to-*hā-ʾāreṣ*, *šabbāt* to-*YHWH*; *śādəkā lōʾ tizrāʿ wə-karməkā lōʾ tizmōr*", "grammar": { "*haššānāh*": "definite article + common noun, feminine singular - the year", "*haššəbîʿît*": "definite article + ordinal number, feminine singular - the seventh", "*šabbat*": "construct form - sabbath of", "*šabbātôn*": "common noun, masculine singular - complete rest/solemn rest", "*yihyeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - it will be", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite article + common noun, feminine singular - the land", "*šabbāt*": "common noun, feminine singular - sabbath/rest", "*śādəkā*": "common noun + 2nd masculine singular possessive suffix - your field", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*tizrāʿ*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall sow", "*wə-karməkā*": "conjunction + common noun + 2nd masculine singular possessive suffix - and your vineyard", "*tizmōr*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall prune" }, "variants": { "*šabbat šabbātôn*": "sabbath of complete rest/solemn sabbath/absolute cessation", "*yihyeh*": "will be/shall be/is to be", "*tizrāʿ*": "you shall sow/you may sow/you are to sow", "*tizmōr*": "you shall prune/you may prune/you are to prune" } }
  • Isa 58:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Isaiah.58.3", "source": "לָ֤מָּה צַּ֙מְנוּ֙ וְלֹ֣א רָאִ֔יתָ עִנִּ֥ינוּ נַפְשֵׁ֖נוּ וְלֹ֣א תֵדָ֑ע הֵ֣ן בְּי֤וֹם צֹֽמְכֶם֙ תִּמְצְאוּ־חֵ֔פֶץ וְכָל־עַצְּבֵיכֶ֖ם תִּנְגֹּֽשׂוּ׃", "text": "*lāmmāh* *ṣṣamnû* *wə*-not *rāʾîtā* *ʿinnînû* *napšēnû* *wə*-not *tēdāʿ* *hēn* in-day *ṣōməkem* *timṣəʾû*-*ḥēpeṣ* *wə*-all-*ʿaṣṣəbêkem* *tingōśû*", "grammar": { "*lāmmāh*": "interrogative particle - why", "*ṣṣamnû*": "perfect 1st person common plural - we fasted", "*wə*-*lōʾ*": "conjunction with negative particle - and not", "*rāʾîtā*": "perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you saw", "*ʿinnînû*": "perfect 1st person common plural - we afflicted", "*napšēnû*": "noun with 1st person common plural possessive suffix - our soul", "*wə*-*lōʾ*": "conjunction with negative particle - and not", "*tēdāʿ*": "imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you know", "*hēn*": "demonstrative particle - behold/look", "*bə*-*yôm*": "preposition with noun - in day of", "*ṣōməkem*": "infinitive construct with 2nd person masculine plural possessive suffix - your fasting", "*timṣəʾû*-*ḥēpeṣ*": "imperfect 2nd person masculine plural with noun - you find pleasure", "*wə*-*kol*-*ʿaṣṣəbêkem*": "conjunction with construct form of noun 'all' with noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - and all your laborers", "*tingōśû*": "imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - you oppress/drive" }, "variants": { "*lāmmāh*": "why/for what reason", "*ṣṣamnû*": "we fasted/we abstained from food", "*rāʾîtā*": "you saw/you noticed/you observed", "*ʿinnînû*": "we afflicted/we humbled/we oppressed", "*napšēnû*": "our soul/our self/our being", "*tēdāʿ*": "you know/you understand/you notice", "*hēn*": "behold/look/indeed", "*ṣōməkem*": "your fasting/your abstinence", "*ḥēpeṣ*": "pleasure/delight/desire/business", "*ʿaṣṣəbêkem*": "your laborers/your workers/those who toil for you", "*tingōśû*": "you oppress/you drive/you exact" } }
  • Exod 31:15 : 15 { "verseID": "Exodus.31.15", "source": "שֵׁ֣שֶׁת יָמִים֮ יֵעָשֶׂ֣ה מְלָאכָה֒ וּבַיּ֣וֹם הַשְּׁבִיעִ֗י שַׁבַּ֧ת שַׁבָּת֛וֹן קֹ֖דֶשׁ לַיהוָ֑ה כָּל־הָעֹשֶׂ֧ה מְלָאכָ֛ה בְּי֥וֹם הַשַׁבָּ֖ת מ֥וֹת יוּמָֽת׃", "text": "Six *yāmîm* *ʿāśâ* *məlāʾkâ* and in-the-*yôm* the-seventh *šabbat* *šabbātôn* *qōdeš* to-*YHWH* all-the-*ʿāśâ* *məlāʾkâ* in-*yôm* the-*šabbāt* *môt* *mût*", "grammar": { "*yāmîm*": "noun, masculine plural construct - days of", "*ʿāśâ*": "niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - shall be done", "*məlāʾkâ*": "noun, feminine singular - work", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular with preposition *bə* and definite article - and in the day", "*šabbat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - sabbath of", "*šabbātôn*": "noun, masculine singular - solemn rest", "*qōdeš*": "noun, masculine singular - holiness", "*ʿāśâ*": "qal participle, masculine singular with definite article and quantifier *kol* - all the one doing", "*məlāʾkâ*": "noun, feminine singular - work", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular construct with preposition *bə* - in day of", "*šabbāt*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the sabbath", "*môt*": "infinitive absolute - surely", "*mût*": "hophal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he shall be put to death" }, "variants": { "*yāmîm*": "days", "*ʿāśâ*": "shall be done/shall be performed", "*məlāʾkâ*": "work/labor/occupation", "*šabbat* *šabbātôn*": "sabbath of complete rest/absolute sabbath", "*qōdeš*": "holy/sacred/set apart", "*môt* *mût*": "surely be put to death/certainly die" } }
  • Exod 35:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Exodus.35.2", "source": "שֵׁ֣שֶׁת יָמִים֮ תֵּעָשֶׂ֣ה מְלָאכָה֒ וּבַיּ֣וֹם הַשְּׁבִיעִ֗י יִהְיֶ֨ה לָכֶ֥ם קֹ֛דֶשׁ שַׁבַּ֥ת שַׁבָּת֖וֹן לַיהוָ֑ה כָּל־הָעֹשֶׂ֥ה ב֛וֹ מְלָאכָ֖ה יוּמָֽת׃", "text": "Six *yāmîm* *tēʿāśeh* *məlāʾkâ* *û-ba-yôm* the-seventh *yihyeh* to-you *qōdeš* *šabbat* *šabbātôn* to-*YHWH* all-the-one-doing in-it *məlāʾkâ* *yûmāt*", "grammar": { "*yāmîm*": "masculine plural - days", "*tēʿāśeh*": "niphal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - shall be done/made", "*məlāʾkâ*": "feminine singular - work/labor/occupation", "*û-ba-yôm*": "conjunction + preposition + definite article + masculine singular - and on the day", "*yihyeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - will be", "*qōdeš*": "masculine singular - holiness/holy thing", "*šabbat*": "feminine singular - sabbath/rest", "*šabbātôn*": "masculine singular - complete rest/solemn rest", "*yûmāt*": "hophal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - shall be put to death" }, "variants": { "*tēʿāśeh*": "shall be done/shall be made/is to be done", "*məlāʾkâ*": "work/labor/occupation/task", "*qōdeš*": "holiness/holy thing/sacredness", "*šabbat šabbātôn*": "sabbath of complete rest/solemn sabbath rest" } }