1 Kings 10:22

Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

The king had a fleet of ships of Tarshish at sea with Hiram’s fleet. Once every three years, the ships of Tarshish would arrive bearing gold, silver, ivory, apes, and peacocks.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

כִּי֩ אֳנִ֨י תַרְשִׁ֤ישׁ לַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ בַּיָּ֔ם עִ֖ם אֳנִ֣י חִירָ֑ם אַחַת֩ לְשָׁלֹ֨שׁ שָׁנִ֜ים תָּב֣וֹא ׀ אֳנִ֣י תַרְשִׁ֗ישׁ נֹֽשְׂאֵת֙ זָהָ֣ב וָכֶ֔סֶף שֶׁנְהַבִּ֥ים וְקֹפִ֖ים וְתֻכִּיִּֽים׃

Transliteration

For oni Tarshish to the melek in the yam with oni Ḥiram; once in shalosh shanim tavo oni Tarshish noseʾt zahav and kesef, shenhabbim and qofim and tukkiyyim.

Grammar Details

• *oni*: noun, feminine, singular construct - ships of
• *Tarshish*: proper noun - Tarshish
• *melek*: noun, masculine, singular - king
• *yam*: noun, masculine, singular - sea
• *Ḥiram*: proper noun - Hiram
• *shalosh*: number, feminine - three
• *shanim*: noun, feminine plural - years
• *tavo*: Qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - it came
• *noseʾt*: Qal participle, feminine singular - carrying
• *zahav*: noun, masculine, singular - gold
• *kesef*: noun, masculine, singular - silver
• *shenhabbim*: noun, masculine plural - ivory/elephant tusks
• *qofim*: noun, masculine plural - apes/monkeys
• *tukkiyyim*: noun, masculine plural - peacocks/baboons

Word Meanings

• *oni*: ships/fleet
• *noseʾt*: carrying/bearing/bringing
• *shenhabbim*: ivory/elephant tusks
• *qofim*: apes/monkeys
• *tukkiyyim*: peacocks/baboons/exotic birds

Other Translations

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  For the king had at sea a navy of Tharshish with the navy of Hiram: once in three years came the navy of Tharshish, bringing gold, and silver, ivory, and apes, and peacocks.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  For the king had a fleet of ships of Tarshish with the fleet of Hiram: once every three years the fleet of Tarshish came, bringing gold, and silver, ivory, and apes, and peacocks.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  For the king had at sea a navy of Tharshish with the navy of Hiram: once in three years came the navy of Tharshish, bringing gold, and silver, ivory, and apes, and peacocks.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  For the king{H4428} had at sea{H3220} a navy{H590} of Tarshish{H8659} with the navy{H590} of Hiram:{H2438} once{H259} every three{H7969} years{H8141} came{H935} the navy{H590} of Tarshish,{H8659} bringing{H5375} gold,{H2091} and silver,{H3701} ivory,{H8143} and apes,{H6971} and peacocks.{H8500}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  For the king{H4428} had at sea{H3220} a navy{H590} of Tharshish{H8659} with the navy{H590} of Hiram{H2438}: once{H259} in three{H7969} years{H8141} came{H935}{(H8799)} the navy{H590} of Tharshish{H8659}, bringing{H5375}{(H8802)} gold{H2091}, and silver{H3701}, ivory{H8143}, and apes{H6971}, and peacocks{H8500}.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  For the kynges Seeshippe yt sayled vpon the See with ye shippe of Hiram, came once in thre yeare, and broughte golde, syluer, Yuery, Apes, and Pecockes.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  For the King had on the sea the nauie of Tharshish with the nauie of Hiram: once in three yere came the nauie of Tharshish, and brought golde & siluer, yuorie, and apes and peacockes.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  For the kinges nauie of shippes went on the sea vnto Tharsis with the nauie of Hirams shippes: euen once in three yeres went the nauie to Tharsis, and brought golde and siluer, Elephantes teeth, apes, and pecockes.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  For the king had at sea a navy of Tharshish with the navy of Hiram: once in three years came the navy of Tharshish, bringing gold, and silver, ivory, and apes, and peacocks.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  For the king had at sea a navy of Tarshish with the navy of Hiram: once every three years came the navy of Tarshish, bringing gold, and silver, ivory, and apes, and peacocks.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  for a navy of Tarshish hath the king at sea with a navy of Hiram; once in three years cometh the navy of Tarshish, bearing gold, and silver, ivory, and apes, and peacocks.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  For the king had at sea a navy of Tarshish with the navy of Hiram: once every three years came the navy of Tarshish, bringing gold, and silver, ivory, and apes, and peacocks.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  For the king had at sea a navy of Tarshish with the navy of Hiram: once every three years came the navy of Tarshish, bringing gold, and silver, ivory, and apes, and peacocks.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  For the king had Tarshish-ships at sea with the ships of Hiram; once every three years the Tarshish-ships came with gold and silver and ivory and monkeys and peacocks.

• World English Bible (2000)

  For the king had at sea a navy of Tarshish with the navy of Hiram: once every three years came the navy of Tarshish, bringing gold, and silver, ivory, and apes, and peacocks.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  Along with Hiram’s fleet, the king had a fleet of large merchant ships that sailed the sea. Once every three years the fleet came into port with cargoes of gold, silver, ivory, apes, and peacocks.

Referenced Verses

• 1 Kgs 22:48 : 48 There was no king in Edom; a deputy ruled in place of a king.
• Gen 10:4 : 4 The sons of Javan were Elishah, Tarshish, Kittim, and Dodanim.
• 2 Chr 20:36-37 : 36 He partnered with him to build ships to go to Tarshish, and they made the ships in Ezion Geber. 37 But Eliezer son of Dodavahu from Mareshah prophesied against Jehoshaphat, saying, 'Because you have allied yourself with Ahaziah, the LORD will destroy your works.' The ships were wrecked and were unable to sail to Tarshish.
• Ps 48:7 : 7 Trembling seized them there, anguish like a woman in labor.
• Ps 72:10 : 10 The kings of Tarshish and distant shores will bring tribute; the kings of Sheba and Seba will offer gifts.
• Isa 2:16 : 16 It will come against all the ships of Tarshish and against all the beautiful vessels.
• Isa 23:1 : 1 This is a message concerning Tyre: Wail, you ships of Tarshish, for your harbor has been destroyed. The news has reached them from the land of Cyprus.
• Isa 23:6 : 6 Cross over to Tarshish; wail, you inhabitants of the coastland.
• Isa 23:10 : 10 Overflow your land like the Nile, O daughter of Tarshish; there is no longer any harbor restraining you.
• Isa 60:9 : 9 Surely the coastlands will wait for me; the ships of Tarshish will come first, bringing your sons from afar, their silver and gold with them, for the name of the Lord your God, and for the Holy One of Israel, because He has glorified you.
• Isa 66:19 : 19 I will set a sign among them, and I will send some of the survivors to the nations: to Tarshish, Pul, and Lud (those who draw the bow), to Tubal and Javan, and to the distant coastlands that have not heard of My fame or seen My glory. And they will proclaim My glory among the nations.
• Ezek 27:12 : 12 Tarshish traded with you because of your great wealth of goods, exchanging silver, iron, tin, and lead for your wares.
• Amos 3:15 : 15 I will strike down the winter house along with the summer house, and the houses of ivory will perish, and the great houses will come to an end,” declares the Lord.
• Jonah 1:3 : 3 But Jonah rose to flee to Tarshish from the presence of the Lord. He went down to Joppa, found a ship going to Tarshish, paid the fare, and boarded it to go with them to Tarshish, away from the Lord.
• Job 39:13 : 13 The wings of the ostrich flap joyfully, but are they the pinions and plumage of a stork?
• 1 Kgs 9:26 : 26 King Solomon also built a fleet of ships at Ezion-geber, near Eloth, on the shore of the Red Sea in the land of Edom.
• 1 Kgs 10:18 : 18 The king made a great throne of ivory and overlaid it with refined gold.
• 2 Chr 9:21 : 21 The king's ships, operated with Huram’s servants, went to Tarshish once every three years. They brought back gold, silver, ivory, apes, and peacocks.