1 Samuel 21:7

Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

So the priest gave him the holy bread, since there was no bread there except the bread of the Presence that had been removed from before the Lord and replaced by hot bread on the day it was taken away.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיִּתֶּן־ל֥וֹ הַכֹּהֵ֖ן קֹ֑דֶשׁ כִּי֩ לֹא־הָ֨יָה שָׁ֜ם לֶ֗חֶם כִּֽי־אִם־לֶ֤חֶם הַפָּנִים֙ הַמּֽוּסָרִים֙ מִלִּפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה לָשׂוּם֙ לֶ֣חֶם חֹ֔ם בְּי֖וֹם הִלָּקְחֽוֹ׃

Transliteration

And wayyittēn-to him the hakkōhēn qōdeš for not-hāyâ there leḥem for-if-leḥem the happānîm the hammûsārîm from before YHWH to lāśûm leḥem ḥōm in beyôm taking it away

Grammar Details

• *wayyittēn*: waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he gave
• *hakkōhēn*: definite article + noun, masculine singular, absolute - the priest
• *qōdeš*: noun, masculine singular, absolute - holy/sacred [bread]
• *hāyâ*: qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - was/there was
• *leḥem*: noun, masculine singular, absolute - bread
• *happānîm*: definite article + noun, masculine plural - the presence/face
• *hammûsārîm*: definite article + hophal participle, masculine plural - the removed ones
• *YHWH*: proper noun - LORD/Yahweh
• *lāśûm*: preposition + qal infinitive construct - to place/put
• *ḥōm*: adjective, masculine singular - hot/warm
• *beyôm*: preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in day of
• *hillāqeḥô*: niphal infinitive construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - its being taken away

Word Meanings

• *qōdeš*: holy bread/sacred bread/consecrated bread
• *leḥem happānîm*: showbread/bread of presence/bread of the face
• *hammûsārîm*: the removed ones/those taken away
• *lāśûm*: to place/to put/to set out
• *ḥōm*: hot/warm/fresh

Other Translations

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  Now a certain man of the servants of Saul was there that day, detained before the LORD; and his name was Doeg, an Edomite, the chiefest of the herdmen that belonged to Saul.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  Now a certain man of the servants of Saul was there that day, detained before the LORD; and his name was Doeg, an Edomite, the chief of the herdsmen that belonged to Saul.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  Now a certain man of the servants of Saul was there that day, detained before the LORD; and his name was Doeg, an Edomite, the chiefest of the herdmen that belonged to Saul.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  Now a certain man of the servants of Saul was there that day, detained before Jehovah; and his name was Doeg the Edomite, the chiefest of the herdsmen that belonged to Saul.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  Now a certain man of the servants of Saul was there that day, detained before the LORD; and his name was Doeg, an Edomite, the chiefest of the herdmen that belonged to Saul.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  But the same daye was there a man sparred in before the LORDE, one of Sauls seruauntes, named Doeg an Edomite, ye mightiest amonge Sauls hyrdmen.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  (And there was the same day one of the seruants of Saul abiding before the Lorde, named Doeg the Edomite, the chiefest of Sauls heardmen)

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  (And there was there the same day a certaine man, of the seruautes of Saul, abyding before ye Lord, named Doeg, an Edomite, the chiefest of Sauls heardmen.)

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  Now a certain man of the servants of Saul [was] there that day, detained before the LORD; and his name [was] Doeg, an Edomite, the chiefest of the herdmen that [belonged] to Saul.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  Now a certain man of the servants of Saul was there that day, detained before Yahweh; and his name was Doeg the Edomite, the best of the herdsmen who belonged to Saul.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  And there `is' a man of the servants of Saul on that day detained before Jehovah, and his name `is' Doeg the Edomite, chief of the shepherds whom Saul hath.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Now a certain man of the servants of Saul was there that day, detained before Jehovah; and his name was Doeg the Edomite, the chiefest of the herdsmen that belonged to Saul.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Now a certain man of the servants of Saul was there that day, detained before Jehovah; and his name was Doeg the Edomite, the chiefest of the herdsmen that belonged to Saul.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  Now a certain man of the servants of Saul was there that day, kept back before the Lord; his name was Doeg, an Edomite, the strongest of Saul's runners.

• World English Bible (2000)

  Now a certain man of the servants of Saul was there that day, detained before Yahweh; and his name was Doeg the Edomite, the best of the herdsmen who belonged to Saul.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  (One of Saul’s servants was there that day, detained before the LORD. His name was Doeg the Edomite, who was in charge of Saul’s shepherds.)

Referenced Verses

• 1 Sam 22:9 : 9 Then Doeg the Edomite, who was standing with Saul's servants, answered, 'I saw the son of Jesse come to Nob, to Ahimelech son of Ahitub.'
• 1 Chr 27:29 : 29 Over the herds that grazed in Sharon was Shirtai the Sharonite; over the herds in the valleys was Shaphat son of Adlai.
• Ps 52:1-9 : 1 For the director of music, a contemplative psalm of David. 2 When Doeg the Edomite came and reported to Saul, saying, 'David has gone to the house of Ahimelech.' 3 Why do you boast about evil, O mighty man? The steadfast love of God endures all day long. 4 Your tongue devises destruction like a sharpened razor, you worker of deceit. 5 You love evil more than good, and falsehood more than speaking what is right. Selah. 6 You love all words that destroy, O deceitful tongue. 7 But God will tear you down forever; He will snatch and uproot you from your tent and dislodge you from the land of the living. Selah. 8 The righteous will see and fear, and they will laugh at him, saying, 9 'Behold, the man who would not make God his refuge, but trusted in the abundance of his wealth and sought refuge in his destructive ways.'
• Jer 7:9-9 : 9 Will you steal, murder, commit adultery, swear falsely, burn incense to Baal, and follow other gods that you have not known, 10 and then come and stand before me in this house, which bears my name, and say, ‘We are safe,’ only to go on doing all these detestable things? 11 Has this house, which bears my name, become a den of robbers in your eyes? Behold, I myself have seen it,’ declares the LORD.
• Ezek 33:31 : 31 They come to you as people come, and they sit before you as My people and hear your words, but they do not put them into practice. With their mouths they express love, but their hearts pursue unjust gain.
• Amos 8:5 : 5 saying, 'When will the new moon be over, so we may sell grain, and the Sabbath end, so we may market wheat, making the ephah small and the shekel large, and falsifying the scales with deceit?
• Matt 15:8 : 8 ‘These people honor me with their lips, but their hearts are far from me.
• Acts 21:26-27 : 26 The next day, Paul took the men and purified himself along with them. Then he went to the temple to give notice of the date when the days of purification would end and the offering would be made for each of them. 27 When the seven days were nearly over, some Jews from the province of Asia saw Paul at the temple. They stirred up the whole crowd and seized him,
• Gen 13:7-8 : 7 There was strife between the herdsmen of Abram's livestock and the herdsmen of Lot's livestock. The Canaanites and Perizzites were also dwelling in the land at that time. 8 So Abram said to Lot, "Let there be no conflict between you and me, or between your herdsmen and my herdsmen, for we are kin.
• Gen 26:20 : 20 But the herdsmen of Gerar quarreled with Isaac’s herdsmen and said, "The water is ours!" So he named the well Esek, because they disputed with him.
• 1 Sam 11:5 : 5 Just then, Saul was coming in from the field, following the oxen. He asked, "What is wrong with the people? Why are they all crying?" They told him what the men of Jabesh had said.
• 1 Sam 14:47 : 47 After Saul had taken over the kingship of Israel, he fought against all his enemies on every side—Moab, the Ammonites, Edom, the kings of Zobah, and the Philistines. Wherever he turned, he inflicted punishment.
• 2 Chr 26:10 : 10 He also built towers in the wilderness and dug many cisterns because he had large herds in the lowlands and the plains. He also had farmers and vinedressers in the hills and fertile lands, for he loved the soil.