Exodus 36:8

Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

All the skilled workers among them made the tabernacle with ten curtains of finely twisted linen, blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, with cherubim skillfully woven into them.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיַּעֲשׂ֨וּ כָל־חֲכַם־לֵ֜ב בְּעֹשֵׂ֧י הַמְּלָאכָ֛ה אֶת־הַמִּשְׁכָּ֖ן עֶ֣שֶׂר יְרִיעֹ֑ת שֵׁ֣שׁ מָשְׁזָ֗ר וּתְכֵ֤לֶת וְאַרְגָּמָן֙ וְתוֹלַ֣עַת שָׁנִ֔י כְּרֻבִ֛ים מַעֲשֵׂ֥ה חֹשֵׁ֖ב עָשָׂ֥ה אֹתָֽם׃

Transliteration

And wayyaʿăśû all-ḥăkam-lēb among-ʿōśê hamməlāʾkāh ʾet-hammiškān ten yərîʿōt of-šēš mošzār and təkēlet and ʾargāmān and tôlaʿat šānî with-kərūbîm maʿăśēh ḥōšēb ʿāśāh ʾōtām.

Grammar Details

• *wayyaʿăśû*: qal imperfect consecutive 3rd masculine plural - and they made
• *ḥăkam-lēb*: adjective-noun compound - wise-hearted
• *ʿōśê*: qal participle masculine plural construct - doers of
• *hamməlāʾkāh*: article + noun feminine singular - the work
• *ʾet*: direct object marker
• *hammiškān*: article + noun masculine singular - the tabernacle
• *yərîʿōt*: noun feminine plural - curtains
• *šēš*: noun masculine singular - fine linen
• *mošzār*: hophal participle masculine singular - twisted
• *təkēlet*: noun feminine singular - blue
• *ʾargāmān*: noun masculine singular - purple
• *tôlaʿat*: noun feminine singular construct - worm of
• *šānî*: noun masculine singular - scarlet
• *kərūbîm*: noun masculine plural - cherubim
• *maʿăśēh*: noun masculine singular construct - work of
• *ḥōšēb*: qal participle masculine singular - designer/skilled workman
• *ʿāśāh*: qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he made
• *ʾōtām*: direct object marker with 3rd masculine plural suffix - them

Word Meanings

• *wayyaʿăśû*: and they made/constructed/produced
• *ḥăkam-lēb*: wise-hearted/skillful/expert
• *ʿōśê*: doers of/makers of/workers of
• *hamməlāʾkāh*: the work/labor/craftsmanship
• *hammiškān*: the tabernacle/dwelling place
• *yərîʿōt*: curtains/hangings/sheets
• *šēš*: fine linen/white linen
• *mošzār*: twisted/braided/spun
• *təkēlet*: blue/violet-blue
• *ʾargāmān*: purple/reddish-purple
• *tôlaʿat*: worm of/crimson/scarlet
• *šānî*: scarlet/bright red
• *kərūbîm*: cherubim/angelic figures
• *maʿăśēh*: work of/craftsmanship of
• *ḥōšēb*: designer/skilled workman/artisan/embroiderer

Other Translations

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And every wise hearted man among them that wrought the work of the tabernacle made ten curtains of fine twined linen, and blue, and purple, and scarlet: with cherubims of cunning work made he them.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  And every wise-hearted man among them who did the work of the tabernacle made ten curtains of finely twisted linen, and blue, and purple, and scarlet: he made them with cherubim, the work of a skilled craftsman.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And every wise hearted man among them that wrought the work of the tabernacle made ten curtains of fine twined linen, and blue, and purple, and scarlet: with cherubims of cunning work made he them.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  And all the wise-hearted{H2450} men{H3820} among them that wrought{H6213} the work{H4399} made{H6213} the tabernacle{H4908} with ten{H6235} curtains;{H3407} of fine twined{H7806} linen,{H8336} and blue,{H8504} and purple,{H713} and scarlet,{H8144} with cherubim,{H3742} the work{H4639} of the skilful{H2803} workman, [Bezalel] made{H6213} them.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And every wise{H2450} hearted man{H3820} among them that wrought{H6213}{(H8802)} the work{H4399} of the tabernacle{H4908} made{H6213}{(H8799)} ten{H6235} curtains{H3407} of fine twined{H7806}{(H8716)} linen{H8336}, and blue{H8504}, and purple{H713}, and scarlet{H8144}{H8438}: with cherubims{H3742} of cunning{H2803}{(H8802)} work{H4639} made{H6213}{(H8804)} he them.

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  And all the wyse harted men amonge them that wroughte in the worke of the habytacyon made: euen.x. corteynes of twyned bysse, Iacyncte, scarlet and purple, and made them full of cherubyns with broderd worke.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  So all ye wyse herted men amonge the yt wrought in ye worke of the Habitacion, made ten curtaynes of whyte twyned sylke, yalow sylke, scarlet, purple, with Cherubyns of broderd worke.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  All the cunning men therefore among the workemen, made for the Tabernacle ten curtaines of fine twined linnen, and of blewe silke, and purple, and skarlet: Cherubims of broydred worke made they vpon them.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  ¶ And every wise hearted man among them that wrought the work of the tabernacle made ten curtains [of] fine twined linen, and blue, and purple, and scarlet: [with] cherubims of cunning work made he them.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  All the wise-hearted men among those who did the work made the tent with ten curtains; of fine twined linen, blue, purple, and scarlet, with cherubim, the work of the skillful workman, they made them.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  And all the wise-hearted ones among the doers of the work make the tabernacle; ten curtains of twined linen, and blue, and purple, and scarlet, `with' cherubs, work of a designer, he hath made them.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And all the wise-hearted men among them that wrought the work made the tabernacle with ten curtains; of fine twined linen, and blue, and purple, and scarlet, with cherubim, the work of the skilful workman, `Bezalel' made them.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And all the wise-hearted men among them that wrought the work made the tabernacle with ten curtains; of fine twined linen, and blue, and purple, and scarlet, with cherubim, the work of the skilful workman, [Bezalel] made them.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  Then all the expert workmen among them made the House with its ten curtains; of the best linen, blue and purple and red, they made them, with winged ones worked by expert designers.

• World English Bible (2000)

  All the wise-hearted men among those who did the work made the tabernacle with ten curtains; of fine twined linen, blue, purple, and scarlet, with cherubim, the work of the skillful workman, they made them.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  The Building of the Tabernacle All the skilled among those who were doing the work made the tabernacle with ten curtains of fine twisted linen and blue and purple and scarlet; they were made with cherubim that were the work of an artistic designer.

Referenced Verses

• Exod 25:18 : 18 Make two cherubim of gold; make them of hammered work at the two ends of the mercy seat.
• Exod 25:22 : 22 I will meet with you there and speak with you from above the mercy seat, from between the two cherubim that are on the ark of the testimony, about everything I will command you regarding the Israelites.
• Exod 26:1-9 : 1 You shall make the tabernacle out of ten curtains made of finely twisted linen, along with blue, purple, and crimson yarn, and you shall create them with designs of cherubim, the work of skilled craftsmen. 2 The length of each curtain shall be twenty-eight cubits, and the width shall be four cubits. All the curtains shall have the same measurements. 3 Five of the curtains shall be joined together as one set, and the other five curtains shall also be joined together as a second set. 4 You shall make loops of blue yarn on the edge of the end curtain in one set, and likewise on the edge of the corresponding end curtain in the other set. 5 You shall make fifty loops on the edge of the one curtain, and fifty loops on the edge of the second curtain. The loops shall be opposite one another. 6 You shall make fifty gold clasps and use them to join the curtains together so that the tabernacle forms a single unit. 7 You shall make curtains of goats' hair as a covering for the tabernacle. You shall make eleven of these curtains. 8 The length of each curtain shall be thirty cubits, and the width shall be four cubits. All eleven curtains shall have the same measurements. 9 You shall join five of the curtains into one set, and the other six curtains into another set. The sixth curtain you shall fold over at the front of the tent. 10 You shall make fifty loops on the edge of the outermost curtain in the first set and fifty loops on the edge of the outermost curtain in the second set. 11 You shall make fifty bronze clasps and insert them into the loops to join the tent together as one structure. 12 The overlapping part of the tent curtains, the extra half-curtain, shall hang down over the back of the tabernacle. 13 The cubit on one side and the cubit on the other side of what remains in the length of the tent curtains shall hang over the sides of the tabernacle on either side to cover it. 14 You shall make a covering for the tent of rams' skins dyed red and an additional covering of fine leather above it. 15 You shall make the frames for the tabernacle out of acacia wood, standing upright. 16 Each frame shall be ten cubits long and one and a half cubits wide. 17 Each frame shall have two projections, joined to one another. You shall make all the frames of the tabernacle in this way. 18 You shall make the frames for the tabernacle: twenty frames for the south side, facing south. 19 You shall make forty silver bases to go under the twenty frames: two bases under each frame for its two projections. 20 For the second side of the tabernacle, the north side, you shall make twenty frames. 21 And their forty silver bases—two bases under each frame. 22 For the rear side of the tabernacle, to the west, you shall make six frames. 23 You shall also make two frames for the corners at the rear of the tabernacle. 24 These two frames shall be doubled at the bottom and joined together at the top by a single ring. Both of them shall be made this way for the two corners. 25 Thus, there shall be eight frames with their sixteen silver bases—two bases under each frame. 26 You shall make five crossbars of acacia wood for the frames on one side of the tabernacle. 27 You shall make five crossbars for the frames on the second side of the tabernacle and five crossbars for the frames on the rear side of the tabernacle, toward the west. 28 The central crossbar shall pass through the middle of the frames, from one end to the other. 29 You shall overlay the frames with gold and make gold rings for them to hold the crossbars; you shall also overlay the crossbars with gold. 30 You shall set up the tabernacle according to the plan you were shown on the mountain. 31 You shall make a veil of blue, purple, and crimson yarn, and of finely twisted linen, with cherubim skillfully woven into it by a craftsman. 32 You shall hang it upon four pillars of acacia wood overlaid with gold, with gold hooks, set on four silver bases. 33 You shall hang the veil under the clasps and bring the Ark of the Testimony inside the veil, and the veil shall separate the Holy Place from the Most Holy Place for you. 34 You shall place the mercy seat on the Ark of the Testimony in the Most Holy Place. 35 You shall set the table outside the veil, and the lampstand opposite the table, on the south side of the tabernacle, with the table on the north side. 36 You shall make a screen for the entrance to the tent, of blue, purple, and crimson yarn, and finely twisted linen, the work of an embroiderer. 37 You shall make five pillars of acacia wood for the screen, overlay them with gold, and make their hooks of gold; and you shall cast five bronze bases for them.
• Exod 31:6 : 6 Moreover, I have appointed with him Oholiab son of Ahisamach, of the tribe of Dan. I have also given skills to all the skillful workers that they may make everything I have commanded you:
• Exod 35:10 : 10 All the skilled workers among you must come and make everything that the LORD has commanded:
• 1 Kgs 6:23 : 23 In the inner sanctuary, he made two cherubim of olive wood, each ten cubits high.
• 1 Chr 15:1 : 1 David built houses for himself in the City of David, prepared a place for the ark of God, and pitched a tent for it.
• 2 Chr 3:10 : 10 He made two cherubim in the Most Holy Place, crafted out of sculptured work, and overlaid them with gold.
• Ezek 1:5-9 : 5 From its center came the likeness of four living creatures, and this was their appearance: they had a human-like form. 6 Each of them had four faces and four wings. 7 Their legs were straight, and the soles of their feet were like the soles of a calf’s foot, gleaming like polished bronze. 8 Under their wings on their four sides were human hands. All four of them had faces and wings. 9 Their wings touched one another. They did not turn as they moved; each one went straight ahead. 10 Their faces had this appearance: Each of the four had the face of a human, on the right side the face of a lion, on the left side the face of an ox, and each also had the face of an eagle. 11 Their faces and their wings were spread out above. Each had two wings touching those of another and two covering their bodies. 12 Each went straight ahead in the direction the spirit was guiding them. They did not turn as they moved. 13 The appearance of the living creatures was like burning coals of fire or like torches. Fire moved back and forth among the living creatures. It was radiant, and lightning flashed out of it. 14 The living creatures darted back and forth like flashes of lightning. 15 As I looked at the living creatures, I saw one wheel on the ground beside each of the four living creatures. 16 The appearance of the wheels and their construction was like the gleam of beryl, and all four looked alike. Their appearance and structure were as if a wheel were within a wheel. 17 They could move in any of the four directions without turning as they moved. 18 Their rims were tall and awesome, and all four rims were full of eyes all around. 19 When the living creatures moved, the wheels moved beside them, and when the living creatures rose from the ground, the wheels also rose. 20 Wherever the spirit wanted to go, they went, and the wheels rose along with them, for the spirit of the living creatures was in the wheels. 21 When the creatures moved, the wheels moved; when they stood still, the wheels stood still; and when they rose from the ground, the wheels rose with them, because the spirit of the living creatures was in the wheels. 22 Over the heads of the living creatures there was something like an expanse, gleaming like awe-inspiring crystal, spread out above their heads. 23 Under the expanse, their wings were spread out straight, one toward another, and each creature had two wings covering its body on one side and two wings covering its body on the other side. 24 When they moved, I heard the sound of their wings like the roar of mighty waters, like the voice of the Almighty, a sound of tumult like the noise of an army. When they stood still, they let down their wings. 25 A voice came from above the expanse over their heads as they stood still with their wings lowered. 26 Above the expanse over their heads was something like a throne, resembling a sapphire stone. And on the likeness of the throne was a likeness with the appearance of a human seated above it. 27 I saw something like a gleaming metal, as if it were glowing amber, with a fiery appearance all around it. From what appeared to be his waist upward, and from his waist downward, I saw an appearance like fire and a brilliant radiance surrounding him. 28 Like the appearance of a rainbow in a cloud on a rainy day, so was the radiance around him. This was the appearance of the likeness of the glory of the LORD. When I saw it, I fell face down and heard the voice of one speaking.
• Ezek 10:1-9 : 1 I looked, and I saw above the expanse that was over the heads of the cherubim something like a sapphire stone, resembling the appearance of a throne, appearing over them. 2 And He said to the man clothed in linen, 'Go in among the wheels beneath the cherubim. Fill your hands with burning coals from among the cherubim and scatter them over the city.' And he went in as I watched. 3 The cherubim were standing on the south side of the temple when the man entered, and the cloud filled the inner court. 4 Then the glory of the Lord rose up from above the cherub and moved to the threshold of the temple. The temple was filled with the cloud, and the court was filled with the brightness of the Lord's glory. 5 The sound of the wings of the cherubim could be heard as far as the outer court, like the voice of God Almighty when He speaks. 6 When He commanded the man clothed in linen, saying, 'Take fire from within the wheels, from among the cherubim,' the man went in and stood beside a wheel. 7 Then one of the cherubim reached out his hand to the fire that was among them, took some, and put it into the hands of the man clothed in linen, who took it and went out. 8 Under the wings of the cherubim could be seen something like the form of a human hand. 9 I looked, and I saw four wheels beside the cherubim, one wheel beside each cherub. The appearance of the wheels was like the gleam of a beryl stone. 10 All four wheels looked alike in their appearance, resembling a wheel within a wheel. 11 When they moved, they went in any of the four directions without turning as they went. They followed the direction the head faced and did not turn as they moved. 12 Their entire bodies, backs, hands, wings, and the wheels were completely covered with eyes all around—the wheels belonged to all four of them. 13 I heard the wheels being called 'whirling wheels' in my hearing. 14 Each cherub had four faces: one was the face of a cherub, the second the face of a man, the third the face of a lion, and the fourth the face of an eagle. 15 The cherubim rose upward; they were the living beings I had seen by the Kebar River. 16 When the cherubim moved, the wheels would go beside them, and when the cherubim lifted their wings to rise from the ground, the wheels did not turn away but stayed close to them. 17 When the cherubim stood still, the wheels stood still, and when they rose, the wheels rose with them, because the spirit of the living creatures was in them. 18 Then the glory of the LORD departed from over the threshold of the temple and stopped above the cherubim. 19 As I watched, the cherubim lifted their wings and rose from the ground, with the wheels beside them. They stopped at the entrance to the eastern gate of the LORD's house, and the glory of the God of Israel was above them.