Exodus 28:15

Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

Make a breastpiece for decision-making, the work of a skilled artisan. It is to be made like the ephod, of gold, blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, and finely twisted linen.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וְעָשִׂ֜יתָ חֹ֤שֶׁן מִשְׁפָּט֙ מַעֲשֵׂ֣ה חֹשֵׁ֔ב כְּמַעֲשֵׂ֥ה אֵפֹ֖ד תַּעֲשֶׂ֑נּוּ זָ֠הָב תְּכֵ֨לֶת וְאַרְגָּמָ֜ן וְתוֹלַ֧עַת שָׁנִ֛י וְשֵׁ֥שׁ מָשְׁזָ֖ר תַּעֲשֶׂ֥ה אֹתֽוֹ׃

Transliteration

And wəʿāśîtā ḥōšen mišpāṭ maʿăśēh ḥōšēb, like kəmaʿăśēh ʾēpōd taʿăśennû: zāhāb, təkēlet and ʾargāmān and tôlaʿat šānî and šēš mošzār taʿăśeh it.

Grammar Details

• *wəʿāśîtā*: conjunction + qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - and you shall make
• *ḥōšen*: noun masculine singular construct - breastpiece of
• *mišpāṭ*: noun masculine singular - judgment
• *maʿăśēh*: noun masculine singular construct - work of
• *ḥōšēb*: qal active participle masculine singular - skillful workman
• *kəmaʿăśēh*: preposition + noun masculine singular construct - like work of
• *ʾēpōd*: noun masculine singular - ephod
• *taʿăśennû*: qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - you shall make it
• *zāhāb*: noun masculine singular - gold
• *təkēlet*: noun feminine singular - blue
• *wəʾargāmān*: conjunction + noun masculine singular - and purple
• *wətôlaʿat*: conjunction + noun feminine singular construct - and worm of
• *šānî*: noun masculine singular - scarlet
• *wəšēš*: conjunction + noun masculine singular - and fine linen
• *mošzār*: hophal participle masculine singular - twisted
• *taʿăśeh*: qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you shall make
• *ʾōtô*: direct object marker with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - it

Word Meanings

• *ḥōšen mišpāṭ*: breastpiece of judgment, breastplate of decision, pouch of justice
• *maʿăśēh ḥōšēb*: skillful work, designer's work, artistic work
• *kəmaʿăśēh ʾēpōd*: like the work of the ephod, in the same style as the ephod

Other Translations

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And thou shalt make the breastplate of judgment with cunning work; after the work of the ephod thou shalt make it; of gold, of blue, and of purple, and of scarlet, and of fine twined linen, shalt thou make it.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  And you shall make the breastplate of judgment with skillful work. According to the design of the ephod you shall make it: of gold, blue, purple, and scarlet thread, and fine woven linen, you shall make it.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And thou shalt make the breastplate of judgment with cunning work; after the work of the ephod thou shalt make it; of gold, of blue, and of purple, and of scarlet, and of fine twined linen, shalt thou make it.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  And thou shalt make a breastplate of judgment, the work of the skilful workman; like the work of the ephod thou shalt make it; of gold, of blue, and purple, and scarlet, and fine twined linen, shalt thou make it.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And thou shalt make the breastplate of judgment with cunning work; after the work of the ephod thou shalt make it; of gold, of blue, and of purple, and of scarlet, and of fine twined linen, shalt thou make it.

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  And thou shalt make the brestlappe of ensample with broderd worke: eue after the worke of the Ephod shalt thou make it: of golde, Iacyncte, scarlet, purple ad twyned bysse shalt thou make it.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  The brestlappe of iudgment shalt thou make of broderd worke, euen after the worke of the ouerbody cote: of golde, yalow sylke, scarlet, purple, and whyte twyned sylke.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Also thou shalt make the brest plate of iudgement with broydred worke: like the worke of the Ephod shalt thou make it: of gold, blewe silke, and purple, and skarlet, and fine twined linen shalt thou make it.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And thou shalt make the brestlap of iudgement with brodered worke: euen after the worke of the ephod thou shalt make it namely of golde, blewe silke, purple, scarlet, and whyte twined silke.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  ¶ And thou shalt make the breastplate of judgment with cunning work; after the work of the ephod thou shalt make it; [of] gold, [of] blue, and [of] purple, and [of] scarlet, and [of] fine twined linen, shalt thou make it.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  "You shall make a breastplate of judgment, the work of the skillful workman; like the work of the ephod you shall make it; of gold, of blue, and purple, and scarlet, and fine twined linen, shall you make it.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  `And thou hast made a breastplate of judgment, work of a designer; according to the work of the ephod thou dost make it; of gold, blue, and purple, and scarlet, and twined linen thou dost make it;

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And thou shalt make a breastplate of judgment, the work of the skilful workman; like the work of the ephod thou shalt make it; of gold, of blue, and purple, and scarlet, and fine twined linen, shalt thou make it.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And thou shalt make a breastplate of judgment, the work of the skilful workman; like the work of the ephod thou shalt make it; of gold, of blue, and purple, and scarlet, and fine twined linen, shalt thou make it.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And make a priest's bag for giving decisions, designed like the ephod, made of gold and blue and purple and red and the best linen.

• World English Bible (2000)

  "You shall make a breastplate of judgment, the work of the skillful workman; like the work of the ephod you shall make it; of gold, of blue, and purple, and scarlet, and fine twined linen, you shall make it.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  “You are to make a breastpiece for use in making decisions, the work of an artistic designer; you are to make it in the same fashion as the ephod; you are to make it of gold, blue, purple, scarlet, and fine twisted linen.

Referenced Verses

• Exod 26:1 : 1 You shall make the tabernacle out of ten curtains made of finely twisted linen, along with blue, purple, and crimson yarn, and you shall create them with designs of cherubim, the work of skilled craftsmen.
• Exod 28:4 : 4 These are the garments they shall make: a breastpiece, an ephod, a robe, a finely woven tunic, a turban, and a sash. They are to make these holy garments for your brother Aaron and his sons, so they may serve me as priests.
• Exod 28:6 : 6 They must make the ephod of finely woven gold, blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, and finely twisted linen, the work of a skilled artisan.
• Exod 28:30 : 30 Place the Urim and the Thummim into the breastpiece of decision, so they will be over Aaron's heart whenever he comes before the LORD. Thus, Aaron will carry the means of making decisions for the Israelites over his heart before the LORD continually.
• Exod 39:8-9 : 8 They made the breastpiece, skillfully crafted like the ephod, from gold, blue, purple, and scarlet fabric, and finely twisted linen. 9 They made the breastpiece square by folding it double; it was a span long and a span wide when folded. 10 They mounted four rows of stones on it: the first row was a ruby, topaz, and emerald. 11 The second row had a turquoise, a sapphire, and a diamond. 12 The third row was a jacinth, an agate, and an amethyst. 13 The fourth row was a beryl, an onyx, and a jasper. They were mounted in gold filigree settings. 14 The stones corresponded to the names of the sons of Israel, twelve stones for their twelve names, each engraved like a seal with its name to represent the twelve tribes. 15 They made chains of pure gold, like braided cords, for the breastpiece. 16 They made two gold filigree settings and two gold rings, and attached the two rings to the two corners of the breastpiece. 17 They fastened the two gold braided chains to the two rings at the corners of the breastpiece. 18 They attached the two ends of the braided chains to the two gold settings and fastened them to the shoulder pieces of the ephod at the front. 19 They made two gold rings and attached them to the two ends of the breastpiece, on its inner edge that faces the ephod. 20 They made two more gold rings and attached them to the bottom of the shoulder pieces of the ephod, on its front, near its seam above the waistband of the ephod. 21 They tied the breastpiece to the rings of the ephod with a blue cord, so that it would rest above the ephod’s waistband and not come loose from the ephod, just as the LORD had commanded Moses.
• Lev 8:8 : 8 He placed the breastpiece on Aaron and put the Urim and Thummim into the breastpiece.