Exodus 28:4

Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

These are the garments they shall make: a breastpiece, an ephod, a robe, a finely woven tunic, a turban, and a sash. They are to make these holy garments for your brother Aaron and his sons, so they may serve me as priests.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וְאֵ֨לֶּה הַבְּגָדִ֜ים אֲשֶׁ֣ר יַעֲשׂ֗וּ חֹ֤שֶׁן וְאֵפוֹד֙ וּמְעִ֔יל וּכְתֹ֥נֶת תַּשְׁבֵּ֖ץ מִצְנֶ֣פֶת וְאַבְנֵ֑ט וְעָשׂ֨וּ בִגְדֵי־קֹ֜דֶשׁ לְאַהֲרֹ֥ן אָחִ֛יךָ וּלְבָנָ֖יו לְכַהֲנוֹ־לִֽי׃

Transliteration

And these habbəgādîm which they shall make: ḥōšen and ʾēpôd and məʿîl and kətōnet tašbēṣ, miṣnepet and ʾabnēṭ. And they shall make bigdê-qōdeš for ʾahărōn ʾāḥîkā and for bānāyw to kăhănô-to me.

Grammar Details

• *wəʾēlleh*: conjunction + demonstrative pronoun - and these
• *habbəgādîm*: definite article + noun masculine plural - the garments
• *ʾăšer*: relative pronoun - which, that
• *yaʿăśû*: qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they shall make
• *ḥōšen*: noun masculine singular - breastpiece
• *wəʾēpôd*: conjunction + noun masculine singular - and ephod
• *ûməʿîl*: conjunction + noun masculine singular - and robe
• *ûkətōnet*: conjunction + noun feminine singular construct - and tunic of
• *tašbēṣ*: noun masculine singular - checkered work, setting
• *miṣnepet*: noun feminine singular - turban
• *wəʾabnēṭ*: conjunction + noun masculine singular - and sash
• *wəʿāśû*: conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd person plural - and they shall make
• *bigdê-qōdeš*: noun masculine plural construct + noun masculine singular - garments of holiness
• *ləʾahărōn*: preposition + proper noun - for Aaron
• *ʾāḥîkā*: noun masculine singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your brother
• *ûləbānāyw*: conjunction + preposition + noun masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and for his sons
• *ləkăhănô-lî*: preposition + piel infinitive construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix + preposition with 1st person singular suffix - to serve as priest for me

Word Meanings

• *ḥōšen*: breastpiece, breastplate, pouch
• *ʾēpôd*: ephod (priestly vestment)
• *məʿîl*: robe, mantle, cloak
• *kətōnet tašbēṣ*: checkered tunic, embroidered tunic, tunic of settings
• *miṣnepet*: turban, headdress
• *ʾabnēṭ*: sash, belt, girdle
• *bigdê-qōdeš*: holy garments, sacred vestments

Other Translations

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And these are the garments which they shall make; a breastplate, and an ephod, and a robe, and a broidered coat, a mitre, and a girdle: and they shall make holy garments for Aaron thy brother, and his sons, that he may minister unto me in the priest's office.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  And these are the garments which they shall make: a breastplate, an ephod, a robe, a woven tunic, a turban, and a sash. They shall make holy garments for Aaron your brother, and his sons, that he may serve Me as priest.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And these are the garments which they shall make; a breastplate, and an ephod, and a robe, and a broidered coat, a mitre, and a girdle: and they shall make holy garments for Aaron thy brother, and his sons, that he may minister unto me in the priest's office.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  And these are the garments which they shall make: a breastplate, and an ephod, and a robe, and a coat of checker work, a mitre, and a girdle: and they shall make holy garments for Aaron thy brother, and his sons, that he may minister unto me in the priest's office.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And these are the garments which they shall make; a breastplate, and an ephod, and a robe, and a broidered coat, a mitre, and a girdle: and they shall make holy garments for Aaron thy brother, and his sons, that he may minister unto me in the priest's office.

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  These are the garmentes which they shall make: a brestlappe, Ephod, a tunycle, a strayte cote, a myter and a girdell. And they shall make holye garmentes for Aaron thi brother ad his sones, that he maye mynistre vnto me.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  These are ye garmentes which they shal make: a brestlappe, an ouerbody cote, a tunycle, an albe, a myter and girdell. Thus shal they make holy garmentes for yi brother Aaro and his sonnes, that he maye be my prest.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Nowe these shall be the garments, which they shall make, a brest plate, and an Ephod, and a robe, and a broydred coate, a miter, and a girdle. so these holy garments shall they make for Aaron thy brother, and for his sonnes, that he may serue me in the Priests office.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  These are the garmentes which they shall make, a brestlap and an ephod, a tunicle, a brodered coate, a miter, and a girdle, these holy garmentes shall they make for Aaron thy brother and his sonnes, that they may minister vnto me in the priestes office.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  And these [are] the garments which they shall make; a breastplate, and an ephod, and a robe, and a broidered coat, a mitre, and a girdle: and they shall make holy garments for Aaron thy brother, and his sons, that he may minister unto me in the priest's office.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  These are the garments which they shall make: a breastplate, and an ephod, and a robe, and a coat of checker work, a turban, and a sash: and they shall make holy garments for Aaron your brother, and his sons, that he may minister to me in the priest's office.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  `And these `are' the garments which they make: a breastplate, and an ephod, and an upper robe, and an embroidered coat, a mitre, and a girdle; yea, they have made holy garments for Aaron thy brother, and for his sons, for his being priest to Me.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And these are the garments which they shall make: a breastplate, and an ephod, and a robe, and a coat of checker work, a mitre, and a girdle: and they shall make holy garments for Aaron thy brother, and his sons, that he may minister unto me in the priest's office.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And these are the garments which they shall make: a breastplate, and an ephod, and a robe, and a coat of checker work, a mitre, and a girdle: and they shall make holy garments for Aaron thy brother, and his sons, that he may minister unto me in the priest's office.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  This is what they are to make: a priest's bag, an ephod, and a robe, and a coat of coloured needlework, a head-dress, and a linen band; they are to make holy robes for Aaron your brother and for his sons, so that they may do the work of priests for me.

• World English Bible (2000)

  These are the garments which they shall make: a breastplate, and an ephod, and a robe, and a coat of checker work, a turban, and a sash: and they shall make holy garments for Aaron your brother, and his sons, that he may minister to me in the priest's office.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  Now these are the garments that they are to make: a breastpiece, an ephod, a robe, a fitted tunic, a turban, and a sash. They are to make holy garments for your brother Aaron and for his sons, that they may minister as my priests.

Referenced Verses

• Exod 28:39-40 : 39 Weave the tunic out of fine linen, make the turban of fine linen, and make the sash, the work of an embroiderer. 40 Also make tunics, sashes, and caps for Aaron's sons, for glory and beauty.
• Exod 39:2-5 : 2 They made the ephod from gold, blue, purple, and scarlet fabric, and finely twisted linen. 3 They hammered sheets of gold, cut it into fine threads, and worked it into the blue, purple, and scarlet fabric, and into the finely twisted linen as a skilled craftsman would. 4 They made shoulder pieces for the ephod that were attached at its two edges and joined together. 5 The skillfully woven waistband on the ephod was made of the same materials—gold, blue, purple, and scarlet fabric, and finely twisted linen—just as the LORD had commanded Moses.
• Exod 39:8-9 : 8 They made the breastpiece, skillfully crafted like the ephod, from gold, blue, purple, and scarlet fabric, and finely twisted linen. 9 They made the breastpiece square by folding it double; it was a span long and a span wide when folded. 10 They mounted four rows of stones on it: the first row was a ruby, topaz, and emerald. 11 The second row had a turquoise, a sapphire, and a diamond. 12 The third row was a jacinth, an agate, and an amethyst. 13 The fourth row was a beryl, an onyx, and a jasper. They were mounted in gold filigree settings. 14 The stones corresponded to the names of the sons of Israel, twelve stones for their twelve names, each engraved like a seal with its name to represent the twelve tribes. 15 They made chains of pure gold, like braided cords, for the breastpiece. 16 They made two gold filigree settings and two gold rings, and attached the two rings to the two corners of the breastpiece. 17 They fastened the two gold braided chains to the two rings at the corners of the breastpiece. 18 They attached the two ends of the braided chains to the two gold settings and fastened them to the shoulder pieces of the ephod at the front. 19 They made two gold rings and attached them to the two ends of the breastpiece, on its inner edge that faces the ephod. 20 They made two more gold rings and attached them to the bottom of the shoulder pieces of the ephod, on its front, near its seam above the waistband of the ephod. 21 They tied the breastpiece to the rings of the ephod with a blue cord, so that it would rest above the ephod’s waistband and not come loose from the ephod, just as the LORD had commanded Moses. 22 They made the robe of the ephod completely of blue woven fabric.
• Exod 39:25-26 : 25 They also made bells of pure gold and placed them between the pomegranates along the hem of the robe. 26 A bell and a pomegranate alternated around the hem of the robe, to be worn while ministering, just as the LORD had commanded Moses.
• Exod 39:28 : 28 They also made the turban of fine linen, the ornamental headpieces of fine linen, and the linen undergarments of finely twisted linen.
• Lev 8:7-9 : 7 He put the tunic on Aaron, tied the sash around him, clothed him with the robe, and placed the ephod on him. He tied the skillfully woven band of the ephod around him, securing it in place. 8 He placed the breastpiece on Aaron and put the Urim and Thummim into the breastpiece. 9 He set the turban on his head and placed the golden plate, the holy crown, on the front of the turban, as the Lord had commanded Moses.
• 1 Sam 2:18 : 18 But Samuel was ministering before the LORD—a boy wearing a linen ephod.
• 1 Sam 22:18 : 18 The king then commanded Doeg, 'Turn and strike down the priests!' So Doeg the Edomite turned and struck them down. That day he killed eighty-five men who wore the linen ephod.
• 1 Sam 23:6 : 6 Now when Abiathar son of Ahimelech fled to David at Keilah, he brought the ephod with him.
• 1 Sam 30:7 : 7 David said to Abiathar the priest, the son of Ahimelech, "Bring me the ephod." So Abiathar brought the ephod to David.
• 2 Sam 6:14 : 14 David, wearing a linen ephod, danced with all his might before the LORD.
• Isa 11:5 : 5 Righteousness will be the belt around his waist, and faithfulness the belt around his hips.
• Isa 59:17 : 17 He put on righteousness as a breastplate and a helmet of salvation on His head. He clothed Himself in garments of vengeance and wrapped Himself in zeal as a cloak.
• Eph 6:14 : 14 Stand, then, with the belt of truth fastened around your waist and the breastplate of righteousness in place.
• 1 Thess 5:8 : 8 But since we belong to the day, let us be sober, putting on the breastplate of faith and love, and as a helmet, the hope of salvation.
• Rev 9:17 : 17 And this is how I saw the horses in my vision: Those who rode them had breastplates that were fiery red, dark blue, and sulfur yellow. The heads of the horses were like the heads of lions, and from their mouths came fire, smoke, and sulfur.
• Exod 28:6-9 : 6 They must make the ephod of finely woven gold, blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, and finely twisted linen, the work of a skilled artisan. 7 It shall have two shoulder pieces joined at its two edges, so it can be fastened together. 8 The waistband of the ephod, made to match it, shall also be of gold, blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, and finely twisted linen. 9 Take two onyx stones and engrave on them the names of the sons of Israel. 10 Engrave six of their names on one stone and the remaining six names on the other stone, in the order of their birth. 11 Engrave the two stones with the work of a gem cutter, as one would engrave a seal. Mount them in gold filigree settings. 12 Place the two stones on the shoulder pieces of the ephod as memorial stones for the sons of Israel. Aaron is to bear their names before the LORD on his shoulders as a memorial. 13 Make gold filigree settings. 14 Make two pure gold chains of braided work, and attach the braided chains to the settings. 15 Make a breastpiece for decision-making, the work of a skilled artisan. It is to be made like the ephod, of gold, blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, and finely twisted linen. 16 It shall be square when folded, a span in length and a span in width. 17 Mount on it a setting of stones, four rows of stones: the first row shall be a ruby, a topaz, and an emerald. 18 The second row shall be a turquoise, a sapphire, and a diamond. 19 The third row shall be a jacinth, an agate, and an amethyst. 20 The fourth row shall be a chrysolite, an onyx, and a jasper. They shall be mounted in gold settings. 21 The stones shall correspond to the names of the sons of Israel, twelve according to their names, engraved like a signet, each with its name representing one of the twelve tribes. 22 Make braided chains of pure gold for the breastpiece, twisted like cords. 23 Make two gold rings and attach them to the two corners of the breastpiece. 24 Attach the two gold cords to the two gold rings at the corners of the breastpiece. 25 Attach the other ends of the two cords to the two filigree settings, and fasten them to the shoulder pieces of the ephod, at its front. 26 Make two more gold rings and attach them to the other two corners of the breastpiece, on its edge that is next to the ephod. 27 Make two gold rings and attach them to the two shoulder pieces of the ephod, below, at the front, where it is joined, above the woven band of the ephod. 28 They shall bind the breastpiece by its rings to the rings of the ephod with a blue cord, so it may rest on the woven band of the ephod and not come loose from the ephod. 29 Whenever Aaron enters the Holy Place, he shall carry the names of the sons of Israel over his heart on the breastpiece of decision, as a continual memorial before the LORD. 30 Place the Urim and the Thummim into the breastpiece of decision, so they will be over Aaron's heart whenever he comes before the LORD. Thus, Aaron will carry the means of making decisions for the Israelites over his heart before the LORD continually. 31 You shall make the robe of the ephod entirely of blue fabric. 32 It shall have an opening for the head in its center, with a woven edge around the opening, like a collar, to prevent it from being torn. 33 Make pomegranates of blue, purple, and scarlet yarn around the hem of the robe, alternating with gold bells in between them. 34 The gold bells and the pomegranates shall alternate around the hem of the robe. 35 Aaron must wear it when he serves, so the sound of the bells will be heard when he enters the Holy Place before the LORD and when he comes out, so that he will not die.