Jeremiah 40:8

Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

they and their men came to Gedaliah at Mizpah: Ishmael son of Nethaniah, Johanan and Jonathan the sons of Kareah, Seraiah son of Tanhumeth, the sons of Ephai the Netophathite, and Jezaniah son of the Maacathite.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיָּבֹ֥אוּ אֶל־גְּדַלְיָ֖ה הַמִּצְפָּ֑תָה וְיִשְׁמָעֵ֣אל בֶּן־נְתַנְיָ֡הוּ וְיוֹחָנָ֣ן וְיוֹנָתָ֣ן בְּנֵֽי־קָ֠רֵחַ וּשְׂרָיָ֨ה בֶן־תַּנְחֻ֜מֶת וּבְנֵ֣י ׀ עֵיפַ֣י הַנְּטֹפָתִ֗י וִֽיזַנְיָ֙הוּ֙ בֶּן־הַמַּ֣עֲכָתִ֔י הֵ֖מָּה וְאַנְשֵׁיהֶֽם׃

Transliteration

And wayyābōʾû to gədalyāh to hammişpātâ: yišmāʿēʾl ben-nətanyāhû and yôḥānān and yônātān bənê-qārēaḥ and śərāyāh ben-tanḥumet and the sons of ʿêfay hanəṭōfātî and wîzanyāhû ben-hammaʿăkātî, they and their ʾanšêhem.

Grammar Details

• *wayyābōʾû*: verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine plural - and they came
• *gədalyāh*: proper noun - Gedaliah
• *hammişpātâ*: proper noun with definite article and directional he - to Mizpah
• *yišmāʿēʾl ben-nətanyāhû*: proper noun with patronymic - Ishmael son of Nethaniah
• *yôḥānān*: proper noun - Johanan
• *yônātān bənê-qārēaḥ*: proper nouns with construct - Jonathan sons of Kareah
• *śərāyāh ben-tanḥumet*: proper noun with patronymic - Seraiah son of Tanhumeth
• *ʿêfay hanəṭōfātî*: proper noun with gentilic - Ephai the Netophathite
• *wîzanyāhû ben-hammaʿăkātî*: proper noun with patronymic - Jezaniah son of the Maacathite
• *ʾanšêhem*: noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their men

Word Meanings

• *wayyābōʾû*: and they came/went/entered/arrived
• *hammişpātâ*: to Mizpah (a place name meaning 'watchtower')
• *hanəṭōfātî*: the Netophathite (from Netophah, a place near Bethlehem)
• *hammaʿăkātî*: the Maacathite (from Maacah, a region northeast of Galilee)

Other Translations

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  Then they came to Gedaliah to Mizpah, even Ishmael the son of Nethaniah, and Johanan and Jonathan the sons of Kareah, and Seraiah the son of Tanhumeth, and the sons of Ephai the Netophathite, and Jezaniah the son of a Maachathite, they and their men.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  Then they came to Gedaliah to Mizpah, even Ishmael the son of Nethaniah, and Johanan and Jonathan the sons of Kareah, and Seraiah the son of Tanhumeth, and the sons of Ephai the Netophathite, and Jezaniah the son of a Maachathite, they and their men.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  Then they came to Gedaliah to Mizpah, even Ishmael the son of Nethaniah, and Johanan and Jonathan the sons of Kareah, and Seraiah the son of Tanhumeth, and the sons of Ephai the Netophathite, and Jezaniah the son of a Maachathite, they and their men.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  then they came{H935} to Gedaliah{H1436} to Mizpah,{H4708} [to wit], Ishmael{H3458} the son{H1121} of Nethaniah,{H5418} and Johanan{H3110} and Jonathan{H3129} the sons{H1121} of Kareah,{H7143} and Seraiah{H8304} the son{H1121} of Tanhumeth,{H8576} and the sons{H1121} of Ephai{H5778} the Netophathite,{H5200} and Jezaniah{H3153} the son{H1121} of the Maacathite,{H4602} they and their men.{H582}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  Then they came{H935}{(H8799)} to Gedaliah{H1436} to Mizpah{H4708}, even Ishmael{H3458} the son{H1121} of Nethaniah{H5418}, and Johanan{H3110} and Jonathan{H3129} the sons{H1121} of Kareah{H7143}, and Seraiah{H8304} the son{H1121} of Tanhumeth{H8576}, and the sons{H1121} of Ephai{H5778} the Netophathite{H5200}, and Jezaniah{H3153} the son{H1121} of a Maachathite{H4602}, they and their men{H582}.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  They came to Godolias vnto Masphat: Namely, Ismael the sonne of Nathanias, Iohana & Ionathas the sonnes of Carea, Sareas the sonne of Tanhometh, the sonnes of Opheus ye Netophetite, Iesanias ye sonne of Machati, wt their copanyons.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Then they came to Gedaliah to Mizpah, euen Ishmael the sonne of Nethaniah, and Iohanan, and Ionathan the sonnes of Kareah, and Seraiah the sonne of Tanehumeth, and the sonnes of Ephai, the Netophathite, and Iezaniah the sonne of Maachathi, they and their men.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  They came to Gedaliah vnto Mispa, namely Ismael the sonne of Nathaniah, Iohanan and Ionathan the sonnes of Careah, Sareah the sonne of Thanehumeth, the sonnes of Ephai the Netophatite, Iezaniah the sonne of Maachati, with their companions.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  Then they came to Gedaliah to Mizpah, even Ishmael the son of Nethaniah, and Johanan and Jonathan the sons of Kareah, and Seraiah the son of Tanhumeth, and the sons of Ephai the Netophathite, and Jezaniah the son of a Maachathite, they and their men.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  then they came to Gedaliah to Mizpah, [to wit], Ishmael the son of Nethaniah, and Johanan and Jonathan the sons of Kareah, and Seraiah the son of Tanhumeth, and the sons of Ephai the Netophathite, and Jezaniah the son of the Maacathite, they and their men.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  and they come in unto Gedaliah to Mizpah, even Ishmael son of Nethaniah, and Johanan and Jonathan sons of Kareah, and Seraiah son of Tanhumeth, and the sons of Ephai the Netophathite, and Jezaniah son of the Maachathite, they and their men.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  then they came to Gedaliah to Mizpah, `to wit', Ishmael the son of Nethaniah, and Johanan and Jonathan the sons of Kareah, and Seraiah the son of Tanhumeth, and the sons of Ephai the Netophathite, and Jezaniah the son of the Maacathite, they and their men.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  then they came to Gedaliah to Mizpah, [to wit], Ishmael the son of Nethaniah, and Johanan and Jonathan the sons of Kareah, and Seraiah the son of Tanhumeth, and the sons of Ephai the Netophathite, and Jezaniah the son of the Maacathite, they and their men.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  Then they came to Gedaliah in Mizpah, even Ishmael, the son of Nethaniah, and Johanan, the son of Kareah, and Seraiah, the son of Tanhumeth, and the sons of Ephai the Netophathite, and Jezaniah, the son of the Maacathite, they and their men.

• World English Bible (2000)

  then they came to Gedaliah to Mizpah, [to wit], Ishmael the son of Nethaniah, and Johanan and Jonathan the sons of Kareah, and Seraiah the son of Tanhumeth, and the sons of Ephai the Netophathite, and Jezaniah the son of the Maacathite, they and their men.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  So all these officers and their troops came to Gedaliah at Mizpah. The officers who came were Ishmael son of Nethaniah, Johanan and Jonathan the sons of Kareah, Seraiah son of Tanhumeth, the sons of Ephai the Netophathite, and Jezaniah son of the Maacathite.

Referenced Verses

• Jer 42:1 : 1 Then all the military leaders, Johanan son of Kareah, Jezaniah son of Hoshaiah, and all the people, from the least to the greatest, approached.
• Deut 3:14 : 14 Jair, a descendant of Manasseh, took the whole region of Argob as far as the border of the Geshurites and the Maacathites. He named the villages of Bashan after himself, calling them Havvoth Jair, and they remain so to this day.
• Josh 12:5 : 5 ruled Mount Hermon, Salcah, all of Bashan, up to the borders of the Geshurites and the Maacathites, and half of Gilead, up to the border of Sihon, king of Heshbon.
• 2 Sam 10:6 : 6 When the Ammonites realized they had become odious to David, they hired twenty thousand Aramean foot soldiers from Beth-Rehob and Zobah, as well as the king of Maacah with one thousand men, and twelve thousand men from Tob.
• 2 Sam 10:8 : 8 The Ammonites came out and drew up in battle formation at the entrance of the city gate, while the Arameans from Zobah and Rehob, along with the men of Tob and Maacah, were stationed by themselves in the open field.
• 2 Sam 23:28-29 : 28 Zalmon the Ahohite, Maharai the Netophathite, 29 Heled son of Baanah the Netophathite, Ithai son of Ribai from Gibeah in Benjamin,
• Jer 42:8 : 8 So he summoned Johanan son of Kareah, all the military leaders with him, and all the people from the least to the greatest.
• Jer 43:2 : 2 Azariah son of Hoshaiah, Johanan son of Kareah, and all the arrogant men said to Jeremiah, 'You are lying! The LORD our God did not send you to say, ‘Do not go to Egypt to settle there.’
• Ezra 2:22 : 22 the men of Netophah, fifty-six.
• Neh 7:26 : 26 The men of Bethlehem and Netophah: 188.
• Jer 40:6 : 6 So Jeremiah went to Gedaliah son of Ahikam at Mizpah and stayed with him among the people who were left in the land.
• Jer 40:11-41:16 : 11 When all the Jews in Moab, Ammon, Edom, and all the other lands heard that the king of Babylon had allowed a remnant to remain in Judah and had appointed Gedaliah son of Ahikam son of Shaphan as governor over them, 12 all the Jews returned from all the places where they had been scattered. They came to the land of Judah, to Gedaliah at Mizpah, and gathered an abundance of wine and summer fruit. 13 Then Johanan son of Kareah and all the commanders of the forces in the countryside came to Gedaliah at Mizpah. 14 They said to him, 'Do you know that Baalis, the king of Ammon, has sent Ishmael son of Nethaniah to assassinate you?' But Gedaliah son of Ahikam did not believe them. 15 Johanan son of Kareah spoke privately to Gedaliah at Mizpah, saying, 'Let me go and kill Ishmael son of Nethaniah. No one will know about it. Why should he take your life, causing all the Jews who have gathered to you to scatter and leaving the remnant of Judah to perish?' 16 But Gedaliah son of Ahikam said to Johanan son of Kareah, 'Do not do this thing. What you are saying about Ishmael is a lie.' 1 In the seventh month, Ishmael son of Nethaniah, son of Elishama, from the royal family, along with some of the king's officials and ten men with him, came to Gedaliah son of Ahikam at Mizpah and ate a meal together there. 2 Then Ishmael son of Nethaniah and the ten men who were with him rose up and struck down Gedaliah son of Ahikam, son of Shaphan, with a sword, killing him—the one whom the king of Babylon had appointed over the land. 3 Ishmael also killed all the Jews who were with Gedaliah at Mizpah, as well as the Chaldean soldiers who were found there. 4 On the second day after killing Gedaliah, and before anyone knew about it, 5 eighty men came from Shechem, Shiloh, and Samaria, with their beards shaved, their clothes torn, and their bodies cut, bringing grain offerings and incense in their hands to present at the house of the LORD. 6 Ishmael son of Nethaniah went out from Mizpah to meet them, weeping as he went. When he met them, he said to them, 'Come to Gedaliah son of Ahikam.' 7 But when they came into the city, Ishmael son of Nethaniah and the men with him slaughtered them and threw them into a cistern. 8 However, ten of them said to Ishmael, 'Do not kill us! We have hidden supplies of wheat, barley, oil, and honey in the field.' So he refrained and did not kill them along with their companions. 9 Now the cistern where Ishmael threw all the corpses of the men he had killed because of Gedaliah was the one Asa the king had made as a defense against Baasha king of Israel. Ishmael son of Nethaniah filled it with the dead. 10 Ishmael took captive all the remaining people in Mizpah, including the daughters of the king and everyone left there whom Nebuzaradan, the captain of the guard, had put under the care of Gedaliah son of Ahikam. Ishmael led them away, intending to cross over to the Ammonites. 11 When Johanan son of Kareah and all the army commanders with him heard of all the evil Ishmael son of Nethaniah had done, 12 they took their men and went to fight against Ishmael son of Nethaniah. They found him by the great pool at Gibeon. 13 When all the people with Ishmael saw Johanan son of Kareah and all the army commanders with him, they were glad. 14 All the people whom Ishmael had taken captive from Mizpah turned around and joined Johanan son of Kareah. 15 But Ishmael son of Nethaniah escaped from Johanan with eight of his men and fled to the Ammonites. 16 Then Johanan son of Kareah and all the army commanders with him took all the remnant of the people whom he had rescued from Ishmael son of Nethaniah after Ishmael had killed Gedaliah son of Ahikam—this included soldiers, women, children, and eunuchs, whom Johanan brought back from Gibeon.
• Jer 37:15 : 15 The officials were furious with Jeremiah, and they beat him and put him in prison, in the house of Jonathan the scribe, which had been made into a prison.
• Jer 37:20 : 20 Now please hear me, my lord the king. Let my plea come before you: Do not send me back to the house of Jonathan the scribe, or I will die there.
• Jer 38:26 : 26 then tell them, ‘I was pleading with the king not to send me back to Jonathan’s house to die there.’"
• Jer 43:5 : 5 Instead, Johanan son of Kareah and all the army commanders took all the remnant of Judah, those who had returned to live in the land of Judah from all the nations where they had been scattered,
• 2 Sam 23:34 : 34 Eliphelet son of Ahasbai the Maacathite, Eliam son of Ahithophel the Gilonite,
• 2 Kgs 25:23 : 23 When all the commanders of the armies and their men heard that the king of Babylon had appointed Gedaliah as governor, they came to Gedaliah at Mizpah—Ishmael son of Nethaniah, Johanan son of Kareah, Seraiah son of Tanhumeth the Netophathite, and Jaazaniah son of the Maacathite—and they and their men.
• 2 Kgs 25:25 : 25 In the seventh month, Ishmael son of Nethaniah, son of Elishama, of royal descent, came with ten men and struck down Gedaliah. They also killed the Jews and the Chaldeans who were with him at Mizpah.
• 1 Chr 2:48 : 48 Maacah, Caleb's concubine, bore Sheber and Tirhanah.
• 1 Chr 2:54 : 54 The descendants of Salma were Bethlehem, the Netophathites, Atroth-beth-joab, half the Manahathites, and the Zorites.
• 1 Chr 11:30 : 30 Maharai the Netophathite, Heled son of Baanah the Netophathite,
• Ezra 2:2 : 2 They came with Zerubbabel, Jeshua, Nehemiah, Seraiah, Reelaiah, Mordecai, Bilshan, Mispar, Bigvai, Rehum, and Baanah. The number of the men of Israel: