31{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.25.31",
"source": "וְלֹ֣א תִהְיֶ֣ה זֹ֣את ׀ לְךָ֡ לְפוּקָה֩ וּלְמִכְשׁ֨וֹל לֵ֜ב לַאדֹנִ֗י וְלִשְׁפָּךְ־דָּם֙ חִנָּ֔ם וּלְהוֹשִׁ֥יעַ אֲדֹנִ֖י ל֑וֹ וְהֵיטִ֤ב יְהוָה֙ לַֽאדֹנִ֔י וְזָכַרְתָּ֖ אֶת־אֲמָתֶֽךָ׃",
"text": "And not *tihyeh* this to you for *pûqāh* and for *mikšôl* *lēb* to my lord, and for *šāpak*-*dām* without cause, and for *hôšîaʿ* my lord to himself, and when *hêṭîb* *YHWH* to my lord, then *zākartā* *ʾet*-*ʾămātekā*.",
"grammar": {
"*tihyeh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - will be/become",
"*pûqāh*": "feminine singular noun - stumbling block/cause of grief",
"*mikšôl*": "masculine singular construct - stumbling block/occasion of stumbling",
"*lēb*": "masculine singular noun - heart/mind/inner person",
"*šāpak*": "Qal infinitive construct - to pour out/shed",
"*dām*": "masculine singular noun - blood",
"*ḥinnām*": "adverb - without cause/freely/in vain",
"*hôšîaʿ*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - to save/deliver/help",
"*hêṭîb*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular with waw-consecutive - will do good/deal well with",
"*YHWH*": "divine name",
"*zākartā*": "Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular with waw-consecutive - you will remember",
"*ʾămātekā*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your maidservant"
},
"variants": {
"*pûqāh*": "stumbling block/cause of grief/staggering",
"*mikšôl*": "stumbling block/offense/obstacle",
"*lēb*": "heart/mind/inner person/will",
"*šāpak*": "pour out/shed/spill",
"*ḥinnām*": "without cause/freely/gratuitously/in vain",
"*hôšîaʿ*": "save/deliver/help/rescue",
"*zākartā*": "remember/call to mind/mention"
}
}
32{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.25.32",
"source": "וַיֹּ֥אמֶר דָּוִ֖ד לַאֲבִיגַ֑ל בָּר֤וּךְ יְהוָה֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אֲשֶׁ֧ר שְׁלָחֵ֛ךְ הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּ֖ה לִקְרָאתִֽי׃",
"text": "And *yōʾmer* *Dāwid* to *ʾĂbîgal*: *bārûk* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhê* *Yiśrāʾēl*, who *šəlāḥēk* the day the this to *qirʾātî*.",
"grammar": {
"*yōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw-consecutive - said",
"*Dāwid*": "proper noun - David",
"*ʾĂbîgal*": "proper noun - Abigail",
"*bārûk*": "Qal passive participle, masculine singular - blessed",
"*YHWH*": "divine name",
"*ʾĕlōhê*": "masculine plural construct - God of",
"*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*šəlāḥēk*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular with 2nd feminine singular suffix - sent you",
"*qirʾātî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st singular suffix - to meet me"
},
"variants": {
"*bārûk*": "blessed/praised",
"*šəlāḥēk*": "sent you/dispatched you",
"*qirʾātî*": "meeting me/encountering me"
}
}
33{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.25.33",
"source": "וּבָר֥וּךְ טַעְמֵ֖ךְ וּבְרוּכָ֣ה אָ֑תְּ אֲשֶׁ֨ר כְּלִתִ֜נִי הַיּ֤וֹם הַזֶּה֙ מִבּ֣וֹא בְדָמִ֔ים וְהֹשֵׁ֥עַ יָדִ֖י לִֽי׃",
"text": "And *bārûk* *ṭaʿmēk* and *bərûkāh* *ʾātt*, who *kəlitinî* the day the this from *bôʾ* in *dāmîm*, and *hōšēaʿ* *yādî* to me.",
"grammar": {
"*bārûk*": "Qal passive participle, masculine singular - blessed",
"*ṭaʿmēk*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your discretion/discernment",
"*bərûkāh*": "Qal passive participle, feminine singular - blessed",
"*ʾātt*": "2nd feminine singular independent pronoun - you",
"*kəlitinî*": "Qal perfect 2nd feminine singular with 1st singular suffix - you have kept/restrained me",
"*bôʾ*": "Qal infinitive construct - coming/entering",
"*dāmîm*": "masculine plural noun - blood/bloodshed/bloodguilt",
"*hōšēaʿ*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - to save/deliver",
"*yādî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st singular suffix - my hand"
},
"variants": {
"*ṭaʿmēk*": "your discretion/discernment/judgment/good sense",
"*kəlitinî*": "restrained me/kept me/prevented me",
"*dāmîm*": "blood/bloodshed/bloodguilt/murder",
"*hōšēaʿ*": "save/deliver/help/rescue"
}
}
34{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.25.34",
"source": "וְאוּלָ֗ם חַי־יְהוָה֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אֲשֶׁ֣ר מְנָעַ֔נִי מֵהָרַ֖ע אֹתָ֑ךְ כִּ֣י ׀ לוּלֵ֣י מִהַ֗רְתְּ *ותבאתי **וַתָּבֹאת֙ לִקְרָאתִ֔י כִּ֣י אִם־נוֹתַ֧ר לְנָבָ֛ל עַד־א֥וֹר הַבֹּ֖קֶר מַשְׁתִּ֥ין בְּקִֽיר׃",
"text": "But *ʾûlām* *ḥay*-*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhê* *Yiśrāʾēl*, who *məuāʿanî* from *hāraʿ* to you, for unless *mihartə* and *tābōʾt* to *qirʾātî*, surely not would have *nôtar* to *Nābāl* until *ʾôr* the *bōqer* *maštîn* in *qîr*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾûlām*": "adverb - however/but/nevertheless",
"*ḥay*": "adjective, masculine singular construct - living/alive",
"*YHWH*": "divine name",
"*ʾĕlōhê*": "masculine plural construct - God of",
"*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*məuāʿanî*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - prevented me",
"*hāraʿ*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - to do evil/harm",
"*mihartə*": "Piel perfect 2nd feminine singular - you hurried/hastened",
"*tābōʾt*": "Qal perfect 2nd feminine singular - you came",
"*qirʾātî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st singular suffix - to meet me",
"*nôtar*": "Niphal perfect 3rd masculine singular - would have remained/been left",
"*Nābāl*": "proper noun - Nabal",
"*ʾôr*": "masculine singular construct - light of",
"*bōqer*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the morning",
"*maštîn*": "Hiphil participle, masculine singular - one who urinates",
"*qîr*": "masculine singular noun - wall"
},
"variants": {
"*ḥay*": "living/alive/as surely as lives",
"*məuāʿanî*": "prevented me/kept me from/restrained me",
"*hāraʿ*": "to do evil/harm/hurt",
"*nôtar*": "remained/been left/survived",
"*maštîn* in *qîr*": "one who urinates against a wall (idiom for male)"
}
}
35{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.25.35",
"source": "וַיִּקַּ֤ח דָּוִד֙ מִיָּדָ֔הּ אֵ֥ת אֲשֶׁר־הֵבִ֖יאָה ל֑וֹ וְלָ֣הּ אָמַ֗ר עֲלִ֤י לְשָׁלוֹם֙ לְבֵיתֵ֔ךְ רְאִי֙ שָׁמַ֣עְתִּי בְקוֹלֵ֔ךְ וָאֶשָּׂ֖א פָּנָֽיִךְ׃",
"text": "And *yiqqaḥ* *Dāwid* from *yādāh* *ʾēt* that *hēbîʾāh* to him, and to her *ʾāmar*: *ʿălî* to *šālôm* to *bêtēk*, see, *šāmaʿtî* to *qôlēk*, and *ʾeśśāʾ* *pānāyik*.",
"grammar": {
"*yiqqaḥ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw-consecutive - took",
"*Dāwid*": "proper noun - David",
"*yādāh*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her hand",
"*ʾēt*": "direct object marker",
"*hēbîʾāh*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd feminine singular - she brought",
"*ʾāmar*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - said",
"*ʿălî*": "Qal imperative feminine singular - go up",
"*šālôm*": "masculine singular noun - peace/welfare",
"*bêtēk*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your house",
"*šāmaʿtî*": "Qal perfect 1st singular - I have heard/listened to",
"*qôlēk*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your voice",
"*ʾeśśāʾ*": "Qal imperfect 1st singular with waw-consecutive - I have lifted up/shown favor to",
"*pānāyik*": "common plural noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your face"
},
"variants": {
"*šālôm*": "peace/welfare/safety/prosperity",
"*šāmaʿtî* to *qôlēk*": "I have heard your voice/heeded your words/listened to you",
"*ʾeśśāʾ* *pānāyik*": "lifted up your face/shown you favor/granted your request (idiom)"
}
}
36{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.25.36",
"source": "וַתָּבֹ֣א אֲבִיגַ֣יִל ׀ אֶל־נָבָ֡ל וְהִנֵּה־לוֹ֩ מִשְׁתֶּ֨ה בְּבֵית֜וֹ כְּמִשְׁתֵּ֣ה הַמֶּ֗לֶךְ וְלֵ֤ב נָבָל֙ ט֣וֹב עָלָ֔יו וְה֥וּא שִׁכֹּ֖ר עַד־מְאֹ֑ד וְלֹֽא־הִגִּ֣ידָה לּ֗וֹ דָּבָ֥ר קָטֹ֛ן וְגָד֖וֹל עַד־א֥וֹר הַבֹּֽקֶר׃",
"text": "And *tābōʾ* *ʾĂbîgayil* to-*Nābāl* and behold *lô* *mišteh* in *bêtô* like *mištēh* the *melek*, and *lēb* *Nābāl* *ṭôb* upon him, and he *šikkōr* unto-very much, and not *higgîdāh* to him *dābār* *qāṭōn* and *gādôl* until-*ʾôr* the *bōqer*.",
"grammar": {
"*tābōʾ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular with waw-consecutive - came",
"*ʾĂbîgayil*": "proper noun - Abigail",
"*Nābāl*": "proper noun - Nabal",
"*lô*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - to him",
"*mišteh*": "masculine singular noun - feast/banquet",
"*bêtô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his house",
"*mištēh*": "masculine singular construct - feast of",
"*melek*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the king",
"*lēb*": "masculine singular construct - heart of",
"*ṭôb*": "adjective, masculine singular - good/merry",
"*šikkōr*": "adjective, masculine singular - drunk",
"*higgîdāh*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd feminine singular - she told",
"*dābār*": "masculine singular noun - word/matter/thing",
"*qāṭōn*": "adjective, masculine singular - small",
"*gādôl*": "adjective, masculine singular - great/large",
"*ʾôr*": "masculine singular construct - light of",
"*bōqer*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the morning"
},
"variants": {
"*mišteh*": "feast/banquet/drinking party",
"*lēb* *ṭôb*": "heart was merry/cheerful/in good spirits",
"*šikkōr*": "drunk/intoxicated",
"*dābār* *qāṭōn* and *gādôl*": "anything at all (idiom: neither small nor great thing)"
}
}