20 {
"verseID": "1 Samuel.30.20",
"source": "וַיִּקַּ֣ח דָּוִ֔ד אֶת־כָּל־הַצֹּ֖אן וְהַבָּקָ֑ר נָהֲג֗וּ לִפְנֵי֙ הַמִּקְנֶ֣ה הַה֔וּא וַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ זֶ֖ה שְׁלַ֥ל דָּוִֽד",
"text": "And *wayyiqqaḥ* *dāwiḏ* *ʾeṯ*-all-the *kāl-haṣṣōʾn* and the *wəhabbāqār*; they *nāhăḡû* before *lip̄nê* the *hammiqneh* the *hahûʾ*, and they *wayyōʾmərû*, \"This *zeh* is spoil *šəlal* of *dāwiḏ*\"",
"grammar": {
"*wayyiqqaḥ*": "consecutive imperfect qal, 3rd masculine singular - and he took",
"*dāwiḏ*": "proper noun - David",
"*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker",
"*kāl*": "noun masculine singular construct - all of",
"*haṣṣōʾn*": "definite article + noun feminine singular - the flock",
"*wəhabbāqār*": "conjunction + definite article + noun masculine singular - and the herd",
"*nāhăḡû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they drove/led",
"*lip̄nê*": "preposition + noun masculine plural construct - before/in front of",
"*hammiqneh*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the livestock/cattle",
"*hahûʾ*": "definite article + independent personal pronoun, 3rd masculine singular - that",
"*wayyōʾmərû*": "consecutive imperfect qal, 3rd common plural - and they said",
"*zeh*": "demonstrative pronoun masculine singular - this",
"*šəlal*": "noun masculine singular construct - spoil of",
"*dāwiḏ*": "proper noun - David"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyiqqaḥ*": "took/captured/seized",
"*haṣṣōʾn*": "the flock/the sheep and goats",
"*wəhabbāqār*": "and the herd/and the cattle",
"*nāhăḡû*": "drove/led/conducted",
"*hammiqneh*": "livestock/cattle/property",
"*šəlal*": "spoil/plunder/booty"
}
}
21 {
"verseID": "1 Samuel.30.21",
"source": "וַיָּבֹ֣א דָוִ֗ד אֶל־מָאתַ֨יִם הָאֲנָשִׁ֜ים אֲשֶֽׁר־פִּגְּר֣וּ ׀ מִלֶּ֣כֶת ׀ אַחֲרֵ֣י דָוִ֗ד וַיֹּֽשִׁיבֻם֙ בְּנַ֣חַל הַבְּשׂ֔וֹר וַיֵּֽצְאוּ֙ לִקְרַ֣את דָּוִ֔ד וְלִקְרַ֖את הָעָ֣ם אֲשֶׁר־אִתּ֑וֹ וַיִּגַּ֤שׁ דָּוִד֙ אֶת־הָעָ֔ם וַיִּשְׁאַ֥ל לָהֶ֖ם לְשָׁלֽוֹם",
"text": "And *wayyāḇōʾ* *dāwiḏ* to two hundred *māʾṯayim* the *hāʾănāšîm* who-*ʾăšer*-*piggərû* from going *millekeṯ* after *ʾaḥărê* *dāwiḏ* and they *wayyōšîḇum* in *bənaḥal* the *habbeśôr*; and they *wayyēṣəʾû* to meet *liqraṯ* *dāwiḏ* and to meet *wəliqraṯ* the *hāʿām* who-*ʾăšer*-with him; and *wayyiggaš* *dāwiḏ* *ʾeṯ*-the *hāʿām* and *wayyišʾal* to them for *ləšālôm*",
"grammar": {
"*wayyāḇōʾ*": "consecutive imperfect qal, 3rd masculine singular - and he came",
"*dāwiḏ*": "proper noun - David",
"*māʾṯayim*": "cardinal number - two hundred",
"*hāʾănāšîm*": "definite article + noun masculine plural - the men",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/that",
"*piggərû*": "piel perfect, 3rd common plural - they were too exhausted",
"*millekeṯ*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - from going",
"*ʾaḥărê*": "preposition - after",
"*dāwiḏ*": "proper noun - David",
"*wayyōšîḇum*": "consecutive imperfect hiphil, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - and he had left them",
"*bənaḥal*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - in the brook/wadi of",
"*habbeśôr*": "definite article + proper noun - the Besor",
"*wayyēṣəʾû*": "consecutive imperfect qal, 3rd common plural - and they went out",
"*liqraṯ*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to meet",
"*dāwiḏ*": "proper noun - David",
"*wəliqraṯ*": "conjunction + preposition + qal infinitive construct - and to meet",
"*hāʿām*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the people",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/that",
"*wayyiggaš*": "consecutive imperfect qal, 3rd masculine singular - and he approached/drew near",
"*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker",
"*hāʿām*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the people",
"*wayyišʾal*": "consecutive imperfect qal, 3rd masculine singular - and he asked",
"*ləšālôm*": "preposition + noun masculine singular - concerning welfare/peace"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyāḇōʾ*": "came/returned/arrived",
"*piggərû*": "were too exhausted/were too weary/lagged behind",
"*millekeṯ*": "from going/from walking/from following",
"*wayyōšîḇum*": "had left them/had made them stay",
"*wayyēṣəʾû*": "went out/came out/came forward",
"*liqraṯ*": "to meet/to greet",
"*wayyiggaš*": "approached/drew near/came close",
"*wayyišʾal ləšālôm*": "asked concerning welfare/greeted/asked of their well-being"
}
}
22 {
"verseID": "1 Samuel.30.22",
"source": "וַיַּ֜עַן כָּל־אִֽישׁ־רָ֣ע וּבְלִיַּ֗עַל מֵֽהָאֲנָשִׁים֮ אֲשֶׁ֣ר הָלְכ֣וּ עִם־דָּוִד֒ וַיֹּאמְר֗וּ יַ֚עַן אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹֽא־הָלְכ֣וּ עִמִּ֔י לֹֽא־נִתֵּ֣ן לָהֶ֔ם מֵהַשָּׁלָ֖ל אֲשֶׁ֣ר הִצַּ֑לְנוּ כִּֽי־אִם־אִ֤ישׁ אֶת־אִשְׁתּוֹ֙ וְאֶת־בָּנָ֔יו וְיִנְהֲג֖וּ וְיֵלֵֽכוּ",
"text": "And *wayyaʿan* all-*kāl*-man-*ʾîš*-evil *rāʿ* and *ûḇəliyyaʿal* from the *mēhāʾănāšîm* who *ʾăšer* had gone *hāləḵû* with *ʿim*-*dāwiḏ*, and they *wayyōʾmərû*, \"Because *yaʿan* that *ʾăšer* not-*lōʾ*-they went *hāləḵû* with us, not-*lōʾ*-we will give *nittēn* to them from the *mēhaššālāl* which *ʾăšer* we *hiṣṣalnû*; but-only *kî-ʾim*-each man *ʾîš* *ʾeṯ*-his *ʾištô* and *wəʾeṯ*-his *bānāyw*, and let them *wəyinhăḡû* and let them *wəyēlēḵû*\"",
"grammar": {
"*wayyaʿan*": "consecutive imperfect qal, 3rd masculine singular - and he answered",
"*kāl*": "noun masculine singular construct - all of",
"*ʾîš*": "noun masculine singular construct - man of",
"*rāʿ*": "adjective masculine singular - evil/wicked",
"*ûḇəliyyaʿal*": "conjunction + noun masculine singular - and worthlessness/wickedness",
"*mēhāʾănāšîm*": "preposition + definite article + noun masculine plural - from the men",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/that",
"*hāləḵû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they had gone/walked",
"*ʿim*": "preposition - with",
"*dāwiḏ*": "proper noun - David",
"*wayyōʾmərû*": "consecutive imperfect qal, 3rd common plural - and they said",
"*yaʿan*": "conjunction - because",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - that/which",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*hāləḵû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they went",
"*nittēn*": "qal imperfect, 1st common plural - we will give",
"*mēhaššālāl*": "preposition + definite article + noun masculine singular - from the spoil",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that",
"*hiṣṣalnû*": "hiphil perfect, 1st common plural - we rescued/delivered",
"*kî-ʾim*": "conjunction + conditional particle - but/except",
"*ʾîš*": "noun masculine singular - each man",
"*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker",
"*ʾištô*": "noun feminine singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his wife",
"*wəʾeṯ*": "conjunction + direct object marker",
"*bānāyw*": "noun masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his sons",
"*wəyinhăḡû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd common plural - and let them lead away",
"*wəyēlēḵû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd common plural - and let them go"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾîš-rāʿ ûḇəliyyaʿal*": "evil and worthless men/wicked and worthless men",
"*hāləḵû*": "had gone/had walked/had followed",
"*yaʿan ʾăšer*": "because that/since/for the reason that",
"*nittēn*": "will give/shall give",
"*hiṣṣalnû*": "we rescued/we recovered/we delivered",
"*wəyinhăḡû wəyēlēḵû*": "let them lead away and go/let them take them and depart"
}
}
23 {
"verseID": "1 Samuel.30.23",
"source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר דָּוִ֔ד לֹֽא־תַעֲשׂ֥וּ כֵ֖ן אֶחָ֑י אֵ֠ת אֲשֶׁר־נָתַ֨ן יְהוָ֥ה לָ֙נוּ֙ וַיִּשְׁמֹ֣ר אֹתָ֔נוּ וַיִּתֵּ֗ן אֶֽת־הַגְּד֛וּד הַבָּ֥א עָלֵ֖ינוּ בְּיָדֵֽנוּ",
"text": "And *wayyōʾmer* *dāwiḏ*, \"Not-*lōʾ*-you shall *ṯaʿăśû* thus, *ʾeḥāy*, with *ʾēṯ* that *ʾăšer*-has given *nāṯan* *yəhwāh* to us; and he *wayyišmōr* us, and he *wayyittēn* *ʾeṯ*-the *haggəḏûḏ* that *habbāʾ* against us into our *bəyāḏēnû*\"",
"grammar": {
"*wayyōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect qal, 3rd masculine singular - and he said",
"*dāwiḏ*": "proper noun - David",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*ṯaʿăśû*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall do",
"*ʾeḥāy*": "noun masculine plural construct with 1st common singular suffix - my brothers",
"*ʾēṯ*": "direct object marker",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - that/which",
"*nāṯan*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he has given",
"*yəhwāh*": "divine name - Yahweh",
"*wayyišmōr*": "consecutive imperfect qal, 3rd masculine singular - and he kept/protected",
"*wayyittēn*": "consecutive imperfect qal, 3rd masculine singular - and he gave",
"*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker",
"*haggəḏûḏ*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the troop/band",
"*habbāʾ*": "definite article + qal participle, masculine singular - the coming/who came",
"*bəyāḏēnû*": "preposition + noun feminine singular construct with 1st common plural suffix - into our hand"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyōʾmer*": "said/spoke",
"*ṯaʿăśû*": "do/act",
"*ʾeḥāy*": "my brothers/my kinsmen",
"*nāṯan*": "has given/granted/provided",
"*wayyišmōr*": "protected/kept/preserved",
"*haggəḏûḏ*": "the troop/the band/the raiding party",
"*bəyāḏēnû*": "into our hand/into our power"
}
}