15{
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.4.15",
"source": "וְנִשְׁמַרְתֶּ֥ם מְאֹ֖ד לְנַפְשֹׁתֵיכֶ֑ם כִּ֣י לֹ֤א רְאִיתֶם֙ כָּל־תְּמוּנָ֔ה בְּי֗וֹם דִּבֶּ֨ר יְהוָ֧ה אֲלֵיכֶ֛ם בְּחֹרֵ֖ב מִתּ֥וֹךְ הָאֵֽשׁ׃",
"text": "*wə-nišmartem məʾōd lə-napšōtêkem kî lōʾ rəʾîtem kol-təmûnāh bə-yôm dibber YHWH ʾălêkem bə-ḥōrēb mittôk hā-ʾēš*.",
"grammar": {
"*wə-nišmartem*": "conjunction + Niphal perfect, 2nd masculine plural - and you shall guard/watch",
"*məʾōd*": "adverb - very/exceedingly/greatly",
"*lə-napšōtêkem*": "preposition + feminine plural noun with 2nd masculine plural suffix - for your souls/selves",
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*rəʾîtem*": "Qal perfect, 2nd masculine plural - you saw",
"*kol-təmûnāh*": "construct chain: noun + feminine singular noun - any form/likeness",
"*bə-yôm*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - in day/when",
"*dibber*": "Piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - spoke",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh",
"*ʾălêkem*": "preposition with 2nd masculine plural suffix - to you",
"*bə-ḥōrēb*": "preposition + proper noun - in Horeb",
"*mittôk*": "preposition + masculine singular construct noun - from midst of",
"*hā-ʾēš*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the fire"
},
"variants": {
"*nišmartem*": "guard yourselves/watch yourselves/take heed for yourselves",
"*məʾōd*": "exceedingly/greatly/diligently/very",
"*napšōtêkem*": "your souls/your lives/yourselves",
"*təmûnāh*": "form/likeness/image/representation",
"*yôm*": "day/time/when",
"*dibber*": "spoke/talked/uttered",
"*ḥōrēb*": "Horeb (alternative name for Mount Sinai)",
"*tôk*": "midst/middle/among",
"*ʾēš*": "fire/flame"
}
}
16{
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.4.16",
"source": "פֶּ֨ן־תַּשְׁחִת֔וּן וַעֲשִׂיתֶ֥ם לָכֶ֛ם פֶּ֖סֶל תְּמוּנַ֣ת כָּל־סָ֑מֶל תַּבְנִ֥ית זָכָ֖ר א֥וֹ נְקֵבָֽה׃",
"text": "*pen-tašḥitûn wa-ʿăśîtem lākem pesel təmûnat kol-sāmel tabnît zākār ʾô nəqēbāh*.",
"grammar": {
"*pen*": "conjunction - lest/that not",
"*tašḥitûn*": "Hiphil imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you corrupt/destroy",
"*wa-ʿăśîtem*": "conjunction + Qal perfect, 2nd masculine plural - and make",
"*lākem*": "preposition with 2nd masculine plural suffix - for yourselves",
"*pesel*": "masculine singular noun - carved image/idol",
"*təmûnat*": "feminine singular construct noun - likeness of",
"*kol-sāmel*": "construct chain: noun + masculine singular noun - any figure/image",
"*tabnît*": "feminine singular construct noun - pattern/form of",
"*zākār*": "masculine singular noun - male",
"*ʾô*": "conjunction - or",
"*nəqēbāh*": "feminine singular noun - female"
},
"variants": {
"*pen*": "lest/that not/beware that not",
"*tašḥitûn*": "corrupt yourselves/act corruptly/deal corruptly",
"*ʿăśîtem*": "make/fashion/create",
"*pesel*": "carved image/idol/sculpture",
"*təmûnat*": "likeness/form/representation",
"*sāmel*": "figure/image/idol/symbol",
"*tabnît*": "pattern/form/figure/model",
"*zākār*": "male/man",
"*nəqēbāh*": "female/woman"
}
}
17{
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.4.17",
"source": "תַּבְנִ֕ית כָּל־בְּהֵמָ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר בָּאָ֑רֶץ תַּבְנִית֙ כָּל־צִפּ֣וֹר כָּנָ֔ף אֲשֶׁ֥ר תָּע֖וּף בַּשָּׁמָֽיִם׃",
"text": "*tabnît kol-bəhēmāh ʾăšer bā-ʾāreṣ tabnît kol-ṣippôr kānāp ʾăšer tāʿûp ba-šāmāyim*.",
"grammar": {
"*tabnît*": "feminine singular construct noun - pattern/form of",
"*kol-bəhēmāh*": "construct chain: noun + feminine singular noun - any beast",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that",
"*bā-ʾāreṣ*": "preposition + definite article + feminine singular noun - on the earth",
"*tabnît*": "feminine singular construct noun - pattern/form of",
"*kol-ṣippôr*": "construct chain: noun + feminine singular noun - any bird",
"*kānāp*": "masculine singular noun in construct state - winged",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that",
"*tāʿûp*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - flies",
"*ba-šāmāyim*": "preposition + definite article + masculine plural noun - in the heavens"
},
"variants": {
"*tabnît*": "pattern/form/likeness/figure",
"*bəhēmāh*": "beast/animal/livestock",
"*ʾāreṣ*": "earth/land/ground",
"*ṣippôr*": "bird/sparrow/winged creature",
"*kānāp*": "wing/winged",
"*tāʿûp*": "flies/soars",
"*šāmāyim*": "heavens/sky"
}
}
18{
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.4.18",
"source": "תַּבְנִ֕ית כָּל־רֹמֵ֖שׂ בָּאֲדָמָ֑ה תַּבְנִ֛ית כָּל־דָּגָ֥ה אֲשֶׁר־בַּמַּ֖יִם מִתַּ֥חַת לָאָֽרֶץ׃",
"text": "*tabnît kol-rōmēś bā-ʾădāmāh tabnît kol-dāgāh ʾăšer-ba-mmayim mittaḥat lā-ʾāreṣ*.",
"grammar": {
"*tabnît*": "feminine singular construct noun - pattern/form of",
"*kol-rōmēś*": "construct chain: noun + masculine singular participle - any creeping thing",
"*bā-ʾădāmāh*": "preposition + definite article + feminine singular noun - on the ground",
"*tabnît*": "feminine singular construct noun - pattern/form of",
"*kol-dāgāh*": "construct chain: noun + feminine singular noun - any fish",
"*ʾăšer-ba-mmayim*": "relative pronoun + preposition + definite article + masculine plural noun - which in the waters",
"*mittaḥat*": "preposition + preposition - from under",
"*lā-ʾāreṣ*": "preposition + definite article + feminine singular noun - to the earth"
},
"variants": {
"*tabnît*": "pattern/form/likeness/figure",
"*rōmēś*": "creeping thing/reptile/that which creeps",
"*ʾădāmāh*": "ground/soil/land/earth",
"*dāgāh*": "fish/sea creature",
"*mayim*": "waters/water",
"*mittaḥat*": "beneath/under/below",
"*ʾāreṣ*": "earth/land/ground"
}
}
19{
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.4.19",
"source": "וּפֶן־תִּשָּׂ֨א עֵינֶ֜יךָ הַשָּׁמַ֗יְמָה וְֽ֠רָאִיתָ אֶת־הַשֶּׁ֨מֶשׁ וְאֶת־הַיָּרֵ֜חַ וְאֶת־הַכּֽוֹכָבִ֗ים כֹּ֚ל צְבָ֣א הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם וְנִדַּחְתָּ֛ וְהִשְׁתַּחֲוִ֥יתָ לָהֶ֖ם וַעֲבַדְתָּ֑ם אֲשֶׁ֨ר חָלַ֜ק יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֙יךָ֙ אֹתָ֔ם לְכֹל֙ הָֽעַמִּ֔ים תַּ֖חַת כָּל־הַשָּׁמָֽיִם׃",
"text": "*û-pen-tiśśāʾ ʿênêkā ha-šāmaymāh wə-rāʾîtā ʾet-ha-ššemeš wə-ʾet-ha-yyārēaḥ wə-ʾet-ha-kkôkābîm kōl ṣəbāʾ ha-šāmayim wə-niddaḥtā wə-hištaḥăwîtā lāhem wa-ʿăbadtām ʾăšer ḥālaq YHWH ʾĕlōhêkā ʾōtām lə-kōl hā-ʿammîm taḥat kol-ha-šāmāyim*.",
"grammar": {
"*û-pen*": "conjunction + conjunction - and lest",
"*tiśśāʾ*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you lift up",
"*ʿênêkā*": "common dual noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your eyes",
"*ha-šāmaymāh*": "definite article + noun + directional suffix - to the heavens",
"*wə-rāʾîtā*": "conjunction + Qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - and see",
"*ʾet-ha-ššemeš*": "direct object marker + definite article + noun - the sun",
"*wə-ʾet-ha-yyārēaḥ*": "conjunction + direct object marker + definite article + noun - and the moon",
"*wə-ʾet-ha-kkôkābîm*": "conjunction + direct object marker + definite article + noun - and the stars",
"*kōl*": "noun - all",
"*ṣəbāʾ*": "masculine singular construct noun - host of",
"*ha-šāmayim*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the heavens",
"*wə-niddaḥtā*": "conjunction + Niphal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - and be drawn away",
"*wə-hištaḥăwîtā*": "conjunction + Hishtaphel perfect, 2nd masculine singular - and bow down",
"*lāhem*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - to them",
"*wa-ʿăbadtām*": "conjunction + Qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - and serve them",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which",
"*ḥālaq*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - allotted",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh",
"*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your God",
"*ʾōtām*": "direct object marker with 3rd masculine plural suffix - them",
"*lə-kōl*": "preposition + noun - to all",
"*hā-ʿammîm*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the peoples",
"*taḥat*": "preposition - under",
"*kol-ha-šāmāyim*": "construct chain: noun + definite article + masculine plural noun - all the heavens"
},
"variants": {
"*pen*": "lest/that not/beware that not",
"*tiśśāʾ*": "lift up/raise/look up",
"*ʿênêkā*": "your eyes/your sight",
"*šāmaymāh*": "heavenward/toward the sky",
"*rāʾîtā*": "see/observe/behold",
"*šemeš*": "sun/solar body",
"*yārēaḥ*": "moon/lunar body",
"*kôkābîm*": "stars/celestial bodies",
"*ṣəbāʾ*": "host/army/multitude",
"*niddaḥtā*": "be drawn away/be impelled/be led astray",
"*hištaḥăwîtā*": "bow down/prostrate yourself/worship",
"*ʿăbadtām*": "serve them/worship them",
"*ḥālaq*": "allotted/apportioned/assigned",
"*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings",
"*ʿammîm*": "peoples/nations",
"*taḥat*": "under/beneath"
}
}