Exodus 20:5

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Exodus.20.5", "source": "לֹֽא־תִשְׁתַּחְוֶ֥֣ה לָהֶ֖ם֮ וְלֹ֣א תָעָבְדֵ֑ם֒ כִּ֣י אֽ͏ָנֹכִ֞י יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֙יךָ֙ אֵ֣ל קַנָּ֔א פֹּ֠קֵד עֲוֺ֨ן אָבֹ֧ת עַל־בָּנִ֛ים עַל־שִׁלֵּשִׁ֥ים וְעַל־רִבֵּעִ֖ים לְשֹׂנְאָֽ֑י׃", "text": "*lōʾ-ṯishtaḥăweh lāhem wə-lōʾ ṯāʿāḇəḏēm kî ʾānōḵî YHWH ʾĕlōheḵā ʾēl qannāʾ pōqēḏ ʿăwōn ʾāḇōṯ ʿal-bānîm ʿal-shillēshîm wə-ʿal-ribēʿîm lə-śōnəʾāy*", "grammar": { "*lōʾ-ṯishtaḥăweh*": "negative particle + hishtaphel imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall not bow down", "*lāhem*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - to them", "*wə-lōʾ ṯāʿāḇəḏēm*": "conjunction + negative particle + qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - and you shall not serve them", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʾānōḵî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I", "*YHWH*": "proper name - LORD/YHWH", "*ʾĕlōheḵā*": "masculine plural noun construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your God", "*ʾēl qannāʾ*": "masculine singular noun + adjective - jealous God", "*pōqēḏ*": "qal participle, masculine singular - visiting/punishing", "*ʿăwōn*": "masculine singular construct - iniquity of", "*ʾāḇōṯ*": "masculine plural noun - fathers", "*ʿal-bānîm*": "preposition + masculine plural noun - upon children", "*ʿal-shillēshîm*": "preposition + masculine plural ordinal - upon third [generation]", "*wə-ʿal-ribēʿîm*": "conjunction + preposition + masculine plural ordinal - and upon fourth [generation]", "*lə-śōnəʾāy*": "preposition + qal participle plural construct with 1st singular suffix - to those hating me" }, "variants": { "*ṯishtaḥăweh*": "bow down/prostrate yourself/worship", "*ṯāʿāḇəḏēm*": "serve them/worship them/be enslaved to them", "*ʾēl qannāʾ*": "jealous God/zealous God/passionate God", "*pōqēḏ*": "visiting/punishing/attending to", "*ʿăwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/punishment", "*lə-śōnəʾāy*": "to those who hate me/to my enemies" } }

Additional Resources

Other Translations

  • Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

    You shall not bow down to them or serve them, for I, the LORD your God, am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers on the children to the third and fourth generations of those who hate Me,

  • King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

    Thou shalt not bow down thyself to them, nor serve them: for I the LORD thy God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation of them that hate me;

  • KJV1611 – Modern English

    You shall not bow down to them or serve them, for I, the LORD your God, am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children to the third and fourth generation of those who hate Me.

  • King James Version 1611 (Original)

    Thou shalt not bow down thyself to them, nor serve them: for I the LORD thy God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation of them that hate me;

  • American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

    thou shalt not bow down{H7812} thyself unto them, nor serve{H5647} them; for I Jehovah{H3068} thy God{H430} am a jealous{H7067} God,{H430} visiting{H6485} the iniquity{H5771} of the fathers{H1} upon the children,{H1121} upon the third{H8029} and upon the fourth{H7256} generation of them that hate{H8130} me,

  • King James Version with Strong's Numbers

    Thou shalt not bow down{H7812}{(H8691)} thyself to them, nor serve{H5647}{(H8714)} them: for I the LORD{H3068} thy God{H430} am a jealous{H7067} God{H410}, visiting{H6485}{(H8802)} the iniquity{H5771} of the fathers{H1} upon the children{H1121} unto the third{H8029} and fourth{H7256} generation of them that hate{H8130}{(H8802)} me;

  • Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

    Se that thou nether bowe thy sylf vnto them nether serue them: for I the Lorde thy God, am a gelouse God, and viset the synne of the fathers vppon the childern vnto the third and fourth generacion of the that hate me:

  • Coverdale Bible (1535)

    Worshipe them not, and serue them not: for I the LORDE thy God am a gelouse God, vysitinge ye synne of the fathers vpon the children, vnto ye thirde and fourth generacion, of them that hate me:

  • Geneva Bible (1560)

    Thou shalt not bowe downe to them, neither serue them: for I am the Lord thy God, a ielous God, visiting the iniquitie of the fathers vpon the children, vpon the third generation and vpon the fourth of them that hate me:

  • Bishops' Bible (1568)

    Thou shalt not bowe downe to them, neyther serue them: for I the Lord thy God, am a gelous God, and visite the sinne of the fathers vpon the chyldren, vnto the thirde and fourth generation of them that hate me:

  • Authorized King James Version (1611)

    Thou shalt not bow down thyself to them, nor serve them: for I the LORD thy God [am] a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth [generation] of them that hate me;

  • Webster's Bible (1833)

    you shall not bow yourself down to them, nor serve them, for I, Yahweh your God, am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers on the children, on the third and on the fourth generation of those who hate me,

  • Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

    Thou dost not bow thyself to them, nor serve them: for I, Jehovah thy God, `am' a zealous God, charging iniquity of fathers on sons, on the third `generation', and on the fourth, of those hating Me,

  • American Standard Version (1901)

    Thou shalt not bow down thyself unto them, nor serve them, for I Jehovah thy God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children, upon the third and upon the fourth generation of them that hate me,

  • American Standard Version (1901)

    thou shalt not bow down thyself unto them, nor serve them; for I Jehovah thy God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children, upon the third and upon the fourth generation of them that hate me,

  • Bible in Basic English (1941)

    You may not go down on your faces before them or give them worship: for I, the Lord your God, am a God who will not give his honour to another; and I will send punishment on the children for the wrongdoing of their fathers, to the third and fourth generation of my haters;

  • World English Bible (2000)

    you shall not bow yourself down to them, nor serve them, for I, Yahweh your God, am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers on the children, on the third and on the fourth generation of those who hate me,

  • NET Bible® (New English Translation)

    You shall not bow down to them or serve them, for I, the LORD, your God, am a jealous God, responding to the transgression of fathers by dealing with children to the third and fourth generations of those who reject me,

Referenced Verses

  • Num 14:18 : 18 { "verseID": "Numbers.14.18", "source": "יְהוָ֗ה אֶ֤רֶךְ אַפַּ֙יִם֙ וְרַב־חֶ֔סֶד נֹשֵׂ֥א עָוֺ֖ן וָפָ֑שַׁע וְנַקֵּה֙ לֹ֣א יְנַקֶּ֔ה פֹּקֵ֞ד עֲוֺ֤ן אָבוֹת֙ עַל־בָּנִ֔ים עַל־שִׁלֵּשִׁ֖ים וְעַל־רִבֵּעִֽים׃", "text": "*YHWH ʾerek ʾappayim wə-rab-ḥesed nōśēʾ ʿāwōn wā-pāšaʿ wə-naqqēh lōʾ yənaqqeh pōqēd ʿăwōn ʾābōt ʿal-bānîm ʿal-šillēšîm wə-ʿal-ribbēʿîm*", "grammar": { "*YHWH*": "divine name, tetragrammaton", "*ʾerek*": "masculine singular construct - long/slow of", "*ʾappayim*": "masculine dual noun - nostrils/anger", "*wə-rab*": "conjunction + masculine singular construct - and abundant/great of", "*ḥesed*": "masculine singular noun - lovingkindness/steadfast love", "*nōśēʾ*": "participle, masculine singular, Qal form of *nśʾ* - bearing/carrying/forgiving", "*ʿāwōn*": "masculine singular noun - iniquity/guilt", "*wā-pāšaʿ*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun - and transgression/rebellion", "*wə-naqqēh*": "conjunction + Piel infinitive absolute of *nqh* - and clearing/acquitting", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yənaqqeh*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, Piel form of *nqh* - he will clear/acquit", "*pōqēd*": "participle, masculine singular, Qal form of *pqd* - visiting/punishing", "*ʿăwōn*": "masculine singular construct - iniquity/guilt of", "*ʾābōt*": "masculine plural noun - fathers", "*ʿal-bānîm*": "preposition + masculine plural noun - upon sons/children", "*ʿal-šillēšîm*": "preposition + masculine plural noun - upon third generation", "*wə-ʿal-ribbēʿîm*": "conjunction + preposition + masculine plural noun - and upon fourth generation" }, "variants": { "*ʾerek ʾappayim*": "slow to anger/patient/longsuffering (lit: long of nostrils)", "*rab-ḥesed*": "abundant in lovingkindness/great in steadfast love", "*nōśēʾ*": "bearing/carrying/forgiving/lifting", "*ʿāwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/sin/punishment for iniquity", "*pāšaʿ*": "transgression/rebellion/revolt", "*wə-naqqēh lōʾ yənaqqeh*": "by no means clearing the guilty/will certainly not acquit/yet not leaving unpunished", "*pōqēd*": "visiting/punishing/attending to", "*šillēšîm*": "third ones/third generation", "*ribbēʿîm*": "fourth ones/fourth generation" } }
  • Exod 34:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Exodus.34.14", "source": "כִּ֛י לֹ֥א תִֽשְׁתַּחֲוֶ֖ה לְאֵ֣ל אַחֵ֑ר כִּ֤י יְהוָה֙ קַנָּ֣א שְׁמ֔וֹ אֵ֥ל קַנָּ֖א הֽוּא׃", "text": "For not *tištaḥăweh* to *ʾēl* *ʾaḥēr*, for *YHWH* *qannāʾ* his *šəmô*, *ʾēl* *qannāʾ* he is.", "grammar": { "*tištaḥăweh*": "imperfect 2nd masculine singular (Hishtaphel) - you shall bow down/worship", "*ʾēl*": "masculine singular noun - god", "*ʾaḥēr*": "adjective masculine singular - other/another", "*qannāʾ*": "adjective masculine singular - jealous/zealous", "*šəmô*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his name" }, "variants": { "*tištaḥăweh*": "bow down/worship/prostrate yourself", "*ʾēl ʾaḥēr*": "another god/other god", "*qannāʾ*": "jealous/zealous/passionate" } }
  • Nah 1:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Nahum.1.2", "source": "אֵ֣ל קַנּ֤וֹא וְנֹקֵם֙ יְהוָ֔ה נֹקֵ֥ם יְהוָ֖ה וּבַ֣עַל חֵמָ֑ה נֹקֵ֤ם יְהוָה֙ לְצָרָ֔יו וְנוֹטֵ֥ר ה֖וּא לְאֹיְבָֽיו׃", "text": "*ʾĒl* *qannôʾ* *wə-nōqēm* *YHWH* *nōqēm* *YHWH* *û-baʿal* *ḥēmāh* *nōqēm* *YHWH* *lə-ṣārāyw* *wə-nôṭēr* *hûʾ* *lə-ʾōyəbāyw*", "grammar": { "*ʾĒl*": "absolute state, masculine, singular - God/deity", "*qannôʾ*": "adjective, masculine, singular - jealous/zealous", "*wə-nōqēm*": "conjunction + Qal participle, masculine, singular - and avenging", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*nōqēm*": "Qal participle, masculine, singular - avenging", "*û-baʿal*": "conjunction + construct state, masculine, singular - and lord/master/possessor of", "*ḥēmāh*": "absolute state, feminine, singular - wrath/fury", "*lə-ṣārāyw*": "preposition + noun + 3ms suffix - to/against his adversaries", "*wə-nôṭēr*": "conjunction + Qal participle, masculine, singular - and keeping/bearing", "*hûʾ*": "3ms personal pronoun - he", "*lə-ʾōyəbāyw*": "preposition + noun + 3ms suffix - to/against his enemies" }, "variants": { "*ʾĒl*": "God/deity/mighty one", "*qannôʾ*": "jealous/zealous/passionate", "*nōqēm*": "avenging/taking vengeance", "*baʿal*": "lord/master/possessor/owner", "*ḥēmāh*": "wrath/fury/rage/hot anger", "*nôṭēr*": "keeping/bearing/maintaining/reserving [wrath]" } }
  • Jer 32:18 : 18 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.32.18", "source": "עֹ֤שֶׂה חֶ֙סֶד֙ לַֽאֲלָפִ֔ים וּמְשַׁלֵּם֙ עֲוֺ֣ן אָב֔וֹת אֶל־חֵ֥יק בְּנֵיהֶ֖ם אַחֲרֵיהֶ֑ם הָאֵ֤ל הַגָּדוֹל֙ הַגִּבּ֔וֹר יְהוָ֥ה צְבָא֖וֹת שְׁמֽוֹ׃", "text": "*ʿōśeh* *ḥesed* to-*ʾălāpîm* *û-məšallēm* *ʿăwōn* *ʾābôt* to-*ḥêq* *bənêhem* *ʾaḥărêhem* the-*ʾēl* the-*gādôl* the-*gibbôr* *YHWH* *ṣəbāʾôt* *šəmô*", "grammar": { "*ʿōśeh*": "qal participle masculine singular - showing/doing", "*ḥesed*": "common noun masculine singular - lovingkindness/mercy", "*ʾălāpîm*": "common noun masculine plural - thousands", "*û-məšallēm*": "conjunction + piel participle masculine singular - and repaying", "*ʿăwōn*": "common noun masculine singular construct - iniquity of", "*ʾābôt*": "common noun masculine plural - fathers", "*ḥêq*": "common noun masculine singular construct - bosom of", "*bənêhem*": "common noun masculine plural construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their sons", "*ʾaḥărêhem*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - after them", "*ʾēl*": "common noun masculine singular - God", "*gādôl*": "adjective masculine singular - great", "*gibbôr*": "adjective masculine singular - mighty", "*YHWH*": "proper name - divine name, tetragrammaton", "*ṣəbāʾôt*": "common noun masculine plural - hosts/armies", "*šəmô*": "common noun masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his name" }, "variants": { "*ʿōśeh*": "showing/doing/performing/practicing", "*ḥesed*": "lovingkindness/mercy/faithfulness/steadfast love", "*ʾălāpîm*": "thousands/great numbers", "*məšallēm*": "repaying/requiting/recompensing", "*ʿăwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/punishment", "*ḥêq*": "bosom/lap/chest" } }
  • Deut 4:24 : 24 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.4.24", "source": "כִּ֚י יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ אֵ֥שׁ אֹכְלָ֖ה ה֑וּא אֵ֖ל קַנָּֽא׃ פ", "text": "*kî YHWH ʾĕlōhêkā ʾēš ʾōkəlāh hûʾ ʾēl qannāʾ*.", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your God", "*ʾēš*": "feminine singular noun - fire", "*ʾōkəlāh*": "Qal participle, feminine singular - consuming", "*hûʾ*": "3rd masculine singular pronoun - he", "*ʾēl*": "masculine singular noun - God", "*qannāʾ*": "adjective, masculine singular - jealous" }, "variants": { "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings", "*ʾēš*": "fire/flame", "*ʾōkəlāh*": "consuming/devouring/eating", "*ʾēl*": "God/deity/divine being", "*qannāʾ*": "jealous/zealous/passionate" } }
  • Deut 5:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.5.9", "source": "לֹא־תִשְׁתַּחֲוֶ֥֣ה לָהֶ֖ם֮ וְלֹ֣א תָעָבְדֵ֑ם֒ כִּ֣י אָנֹכִ֞י יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֙יךָ֙ אֵ֣ל קַנָּ֔א פֹּ֠קֵד עֲוֺ֨ן אָב֧וֹת עַל־בָּנִ֛ים וְעַל־שִׁלֵּשִׁ֥ים וְעַל־רִבֵּעִ֖ים לְשֹׂנְאָֽ֑י", "text": "Not-*tištaḥăweh* to-them and-not *tāʿobdēm* *kî* *ʾānōkî* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā* *ʾēl* *qannāʾ* *pōqēd* *ʿăwōn* *ʾābôt* upon-*bānîm* and-upon-*šillēšîm* and-upon-*ribbēʿîm* to-*śōnəʾāy*", "grammar": { "*tištaḥăweh*": "Hishtaphel imperfect 2ms - you shall bow down", "*tāʿobdēm*": "Qal imperfect 2ms + 3mp suffix - you shall serve them", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʾānōkî*": "personal pronoun 1cs - I", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "common noun, masculine plural construct + 2ms suffix - your God", "*ʾēl*": "common noun, masculine singular - God/deity", "*qannāʾ*": "adjective masculine singular - jealous", "*pōqēd*": "Qal participle masculine singular - visiting", "*ʿăwōn*": "common noun, masculine singular construct - iniquity of", "*ʾābôt*": "common noun, masculine plural - fathers", "*bānîm*": "common noun, masculine plural - children/sons", "*šillēšîm*": "common noun, masculine plural - third generation", "*ribbēʿîm*": "common noun, masculine plural - fourth generation", "*śōnəʾāy*": "Qal participle masculine plural construct + 1cs suffix - those hating me" }, "variants": { "*tištaḥăweh*": "you shall bow down/you shall prostrate yourself/you shall worship", "*tāʿobdēm*": "you shall serve them/you shall worship them/you shall be enslaved to them", "*ʾēl*": "God/deity/divine being", "*qannāʾ*": "jealous/zealous/passionate", "*pōqēd*": "visiting/punishing/attending to", "*ʿăwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/punishment", "*śōnəʾāy*": "those hating me/my enemies/those rejecting me" } }
  • Deut 6:15 : 15 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.6.15", "source": "כִּ֣י אֵ֥ל קַנָּ֛א יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ בְּקִרְבֶּ֑ךָ פֶּן־יֶ֠חֱרֶה אַף־יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֙יךָ֙ בָּ֔ךְ וְהִשְׁמִ֣ידְךָ֔ מֵעַ֖ל פְּנֵ֥י הָאֲדָמָֽה", "text": "For *ʾēl* *qannāʾ* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêka* in-*bĕqirbeka* lest-*yeḥĕreh* anger-of-*ʾap*-*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêka* against-you and-*wĕhišmîdĕkā* from-upon *pĕnê* the-*hāʾădāmāh*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʾēl*": "masculine singular noun - God", "*qannāʾ*": "masculine singular adjective - jealous", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾĕlōhêka*": "masculine plural noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your God", "*bĕ-qirbeka*": "preposition + masculine singular noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - in your midst", "*pen*": "conjunction - lest", "*yeḥĕreh*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - be kindled/burn", "*ʾap*": "masculine singular noun, construct - anger of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾĕlōhêka*": "masculine plural noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your God", "*bāk*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - against you", "*wĕ-hišmîdĕkā*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - and he will destroy you", "*mē-ʿal*": "preposition + preposition - from upon", "*pĕnê*": "masculine plural noun, construct - face/surface of", "*hā-ʾădāmāh*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the ground/earth/land" }, "variants": { "*ʾēl*": "God/deity/mighty one", "*qannāʾ*": "jealous/zealous", "*qirbeka*": "your midst/among you/within you", "*yeḥĕreh*": "be kindled/burn/become hot", "*ʾap*": "anger/nose/wrath", "*hišmîdĕkā*": "destroy you/eliminate you/exterminate you", "*pĕnê*": "face/surface/presence", "*ʾădāmāh*": "ground/earth/land" } }
  • Josh 23:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Joshua.23.7", "source": "לְבִלְתִּי־בוֹא֙ בַּגּוֹיִ֣ם הָאֵ֔לֶּה הַנִּשְׁאָרִ֥ים הָאֵ֖לֶּה אִתְּכֶ֑ם וּבְשֵׁ֨ם אֱלֹהֵיהֶ֤ם לֹא־תַזְכִּ֙ירוּ֙ וְלֹ֣א תַשְׁבִּ֔יעוּ וְלֹ֣א תַעַבְד֔וּם וְלֹ֥א תִֽשְׁתַּחֲו֖וּ לָהֶֽם׃", "text": "To not *bôʾ* in the *gôyim* the *ʾēlleh* the *nnišʾārîm* the *ʾēlleh* with you and in *šēm* *ʾĕlōhêhem* not *tazkîrû* and not *tašbîʿû* and not *taʿaḇdûm* and not *tištaḥăwû* to them.", "grammar": { "*bôʾ*": "qal infinitive construct - to come/enter", "*gôyim*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the nations", "*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun - these", "*nnišʾārîm*": "niphal participle masculine plural with definite article - the remaining ones", "*šēm*": "masculine singular construct - name of", "*ʾĕlōhêhem*": "masculine plural noun + 3mp suffix - their gods", "*tazkîrû*": "hiphil imperfect 2mp - you will mention/invoke", "*tašbîʿû*": "hiphil imperfect 2mp - you will make an oath", "*taʿaḇdûm*": "qal imperfect 2mp + 3mp suffix - you will serve them", "*tištaḥăwû*": "hishtaphel imperfect 2mp - you will bow down" }, "variants": { "*bôʾ*": "to come/enter/go in among", "*nnišʾārîm*": "remaining/left over/surviving", "*šēm*": "name/reputation/character", "*tazkîrû*": "mention/invoke/remember", "*tašbîʿû*": "make swear/cause to take an oath/adjure", "*taʿaḇdûm*": "serve them/work for them/worship them", "*tištaḥăwû*": "bow down/prostrate yourselves/worship" } }
  • Exod 23:24 : 24 { "verseID": "Exodus.23.24", "source": "לֹֽא־תִשְׁתַּחֲוֶ֤ה לֵאלֹֽהֵיהֶם֙ וְלֹ֣א תָֽעָבְדֵ֔ם וְלֹ֥א תַעֲשֶׂ֖ה כְּמַֽעֲשֵׂיהֶ֑ם כִּ֤י הָרֵס֙ תְּהָ֣רְסֵ֔ם וְשַׁבֵּ֥ר תְּשַׁבֵּ֖ר מַצֵּבֹתֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "Not-*tištaḥăweh* to-*ʾĕlōhêhem* and-not *tāʿobdēm* and-not *taʿăśeh* as-*maʿăśêhem* for *hārēs* *tĕhārĕsēm* and-*šabbēr* *tĕšabbēr* *maṣṣēbōtêhem*", "grammar": { "*tištaḥăweh*": "hishtaphel imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - bow down/prostrate yourself", "*ʾĕlōhêhem*": "noun masculine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their gods", "*tāʿobdēm*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - serve/worship them", "*taʿăśeh*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - do/make", "*maʿăśêhem*": "noun masculine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their deeds/practices", "*hārēs tĕhārĕsēm*": "qal infinitive absolute + piel imperfect 2nd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - emphatic construction: 'you shall utterly destroy them'", "*šabbēr tĕšabbēr*": "piel infinitive absolute + piel imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - emphatic construction: 'you shall utterly shatter'", "*maṣṣēbōtêhem*": "noun feminine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their sacred pillars/standing stones" }, "variants": { "*tištaḥăweh*": "bow down/prostrate yourself/worship", "*tāʿobdēm*": "serve/worship/work for them", "*maʿăśêhem*": "their deeds/practices/customs/works", "*hārēs tĕhārĕsēm*": "you shall utterly destroy them/completely demolish them", "*šabbēr tĕšabbēr*": "you shall utterly shatter/completely break in pieces", "*maṣṣēbōtêhem*": "their sacred pillars/standing stones/monuments" } }
  • Num 14:33 : 33 { "verseID": "Numbers.14.33", "source": "וּ֠בְנֵיכֶם יִהְי֨וּ רֹעִ֤ים בַּמִּדְבָּר֙ אַרְבָּעִ֣ים שָׁנָ֔ה וְנָשְׂא֖וּ אֶת־זְנוּתֵיכֶ֑ם עַד־תֹּ֥ם פִּגְרֵיכֶ֖ם בַּמִּדְבָּֽר׃", "text": "*û-bənêkem yihyû rōʿîm bammidbār ʾarbāʿîm šānāh wənāśəʾû ʾet-zənûtêkem ʿad-tōm pigrêkem bammidbār*", "grammar": { "*û-bənêkem*": "conjunction + masculine plural noun + 2nd masculine plural suffix - and your sons", "*yihyû*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural, Qal form of *hyh* - they will be", "*rōʿîm*": "masculine plural participle, Qal form of *rʿh* - shepherds/wandering", "*bammidbār*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - in the wilderness", "*ʾarbāʿîm*": "cardinal number - forty", "*šānāh*": "feminine singular noun - year", "*wənāśəʾû*": "conjunction + perfect, 3rd plural, Qal form of *nśʾ* - and they will bear", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*zənûtêkem*": "feminine plural noun + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your harlotries/unfaithfulness", "*ʿad*": "preposition - until", "*tōm*": "masculine singular construct - completion of", "*pigrêkem*": "masculine plural noun + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your corpses", "*bammidbār*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - in the wilderness" }, "variants": { "*rōʿîm*": "shepherds/wandering/moving about as nomads", "*wənāśəʾû ʾet-zənûtêkem*": "and shall bear your unfaithfulness/will carry your infidelities/will suffer for your prostitutions", "*zənûtêkem*": "your harlotries/your unfaithfulness/your infidelities", "*ʿad-tōm pigrêkem*": "until the completion of your corpses/until your carcasses are consumed/until your dead bodies perish" } }
  • Josh 24:19 : 19 { "verseID": "Joshua.24.19", "source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוֹשֻׁ֜עַ אֶל־הָעָ֗ם לֹ֤א תֽוּכְלוּ֙ לַעֲבֹ֣ד אֶת־יְהוָ֔ה כִּֽי־אֱלֹהִ֥ים קְדֹשִׁ֖ים ה֑וּא אֵֽל־קַנּ֣וֹא ה֔וּא לֹֽא־יִשָּׂ֥א לְפִשְׁעֲכֶ֖ם וּלְחַטֹּאותֵיכֶֽם׃", "text": "*wa-yōʾmer* *yəhôšuaʿ* *ʾel*-*hā-ʿām* *lōʾ* *tûkəlû* *la-ʿăbōd* *ʾet*-*YHWH* *kî*-*ʾĕlōhîm* *qədōšîm* *hûʾ* *ʾēl*-*qannôʾ* *hûʾ* *lōʾ*-*yiśśāʾ* *lə-pišʿăkem* *û-lə-ḥaṭṭōʾûtêkem*", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular apocopated - and he said", "*yəhôšuaʿ*": "proper noun - Joshua", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to/toward", "*hā-ʿām*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the people", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*tûkəlû*": "qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you will be able", "*la-ʿăbōd*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to serve", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - God", "*qədōšîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - holy", "*hûʾ*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun - he", "*ʾēl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - God of", "*qannôʾ*": "adjective, masculine singular - jealous", "*lōʾ-yiśśāʾ*": "negative particle + qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will not forgive/bear", "*lə-pišʿăkem*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - for your transgressions", "*û-lə-ḥaṭṭōʾûtêkem*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, feminine plural + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - and for your sins" }, "variants": { "*tûkəlû*": "you will be able/you can/you will have power", "*ʾĕlōhîm qədōšîm*": "holy God/holy ones (plural form with singular meaning)", "*ʾēl-qannôʾ*": "jealous God/zealous God", "*yiśśāʾ*": "forgive/bear/lift up/carry", "*pišʿă*": "transgressions/rebellions/crimes", "*ḥaṭṭōʾût*": "sins/offenses/failures" } }
  • Ps 79:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Psalms.79.8", "source": "אַֽל־תִּזְכָּר־לָנוּ֮ עֲוֺנֹ֢ת רִאשֹׁ֫נִ֥ים מַ֭הֵר יְקַדְּמ֣וּנוּ רַחֲמֶ֑יךָ כִּ֖י דַלּ֣וֹנוּ מְאֹֽד׃", "text": "Not-*tizkor*-to-us *ʿăwōnōṯ* *riʾšōnîm* *mahēr* *yəqaddəmûnû* *raḥămeḵā* for *dallônû* *məʾōḏ*", "grammar": { "*ʾal*": "negative particle - do not", "*tizkor*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you will remember", "*lānû*": "preposition with 1st person plural suffix - to us/against us", "*ʿăwōnōṯ*": "masculine plural construct - iniquities of", "*riʾšōnîm*": "masculine plural adjective - former ones/ancestors", "*mahēr*": "piel imperative masculine singular - hasten/quickly", "*yəqaddəmûnû*": "piel imperfect 3rd person plural with 1st person plural suffix - they will come to meet us", "*raḥămeḵā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your compassions", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*dallônû*": "qal perfect 1st person plural - we are brought low", "*məʾōḏ*": "adverb - very/exceedingly" }, "variants": { "*tizkor*": "remember/call to mind/hold against", "*ʿăwōnōṯ*": "iniquities/sins/guilt", "*riʾšōnîm*": "former ones/ancestors/those before us", "*mahēr*": "quickly/speedily/hasten", "*yəqaddəmûnû*": "come to meet us/come before us/confront us", "*raḥămeḵā*": "your compassions/your mercies", "*dallônû*": "we are brought low/we are impoverished/we are weak" } }
  • Ps 109:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Psalms.109.14", "source": "יִזָּכֵ֤ר ׀ עֲוֺ֣ן אֲ֭בֹתָיו אֶל־יְהוָ֑ה וְחַטַּ֥את אִ֝מּ֗וֹ אַל־תִּמָּֽח׃", "text": "*Yizzākēr* *ʿăwōn* *ʾăbōtāyw* to-*YHWH* and-*ḥaṭṭaʾt* *ʾimmô* not *timmāḥ*.", "grammar": { "*Yizzākēr*": "verb, niphal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - let be remembered", "*ʿăwōn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - iniquity of", "*ʾăbōtāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his fathers", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*ḥaṭṭaʾt*": "noun, feminine singular construct - sin of", "*ʾimmô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his mother", "*timmāḥ*": "verb, niphal jussive 3rd person feminine singular - let be blotted out" }, "variants": { "*ʿăwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/punishment for iniquity", "*ḥaṭṭaʾt*": "sin/offense/purification offering" } }
  • Isa 65:6-7 : 6 { "verseID": "Isaiah.65.6", "source": "הִנֵּ֥ה כְתוּבָ֖ה לְפָנָ֑י לֹ֤א אֶחֱשֶׂה֙ כִּ֣י אִם־שִׁלַּ֔מְתִּי וְשִׁלַּמְתִּ֖י עַל־חֵיקָֽם׃", "text": "*hinneh* *khetuvah* to-*panay* not *ʾeheshe* but if-*shillamti* and-*shillamti* on-*heqam*", "grammar": { "*hinneh*": "interjection - behold/lo", "*khetuvah*": "Qal passive participle, feminine singular - written", "*panay*": "plural noun with 1st person singular suffix - my face", "*ʾeheshe*": "Qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I will be silent", "*shillamti*": "Piel perfect, 1st person singular - I have repaid", "*heqam*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their bosom" }, "variants": { "*hinneh*": "behold/lo/see", "*khetuvah*": "written/recorded/inscribed", "*panay*": "my face/my presence/before me", "*ʾeheshe*": "I will be silent/I will refrain/I will keep still", "*shillamti*": "I have repaid/I have recompensed/I have requited", "*heqam*": "their bosom/their lap/their chest" } } 7 { "verseID": "Isaiah.65.7", "source": "עֲ֠וֺנֹתֵיכֶם וַעֲוֺנֹ֨ת אֲבוֹתֵיכֶ֤ם יַחְדָּו֙ אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֤ר קִטְּרוּ֙ עַל־הֶ֣הָרִ֔ים וְעַל־הַגְּבָע֖וֹת חֵרְפ֑וּנִי וּמַדֹּתִ֧י פְעֻלָּתָ֛ם רִֽאשֹׁנָ֖ה *על־**אֶל־חֵיקָֽם׃", "text": "*ʿavonoteykem* and-*ʿavonot* *ʾavoteykem* *yahdaw* *ʾamar* *YHWH* that *qitteru* on-the-*harim* and-on-the-*gevaʿot* *herpuni* and-*maddoti* *peʿullatam* *rishonah* to-*heqam*", "grammar": { "*ʿavonoteykem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your iniquities", "*ʿavonot*": "masculine plural construct - iniquities of", "*ʾavoteykem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your fathers", "*yahdaw*": "adverb - together", "*ʾamar*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*qitteru*": "Piel perfect, 3rd person plural - they burned incense", "*harim*": "masculine plural noun - mountains", "*gevaʿot*": "feminine plural noun - hills", "*herpuni*": "Piel perfect, 3rd person plural with 1st person singular suffix - they reproached me", "*maddoti*": "Qal perfect, 1st person singular - I will measure", "*peʿullatam*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their work/deed", "*rishonah*": "adjective, feminine singular - first/former", "*heqam*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their bosom" }, "variants": { "*ʿavonoteykem*": "your iniquities/your sins/your guilts", "*ʿavonot*": "iniquities of/sins of/guilts of", "*ʾavoteykem*": "your fathers/your ancestors/your forefathers", "*yahdaw*": "together/jointly/at once", "*qitteru*": "they burned incense/they made smoke offerings/they fumigated", "*harim*": "mountains/hills/heights", "*gevaʿot*": "hills/heights", "*herpuni*": "they reproached me/they blasphemed me/they defied me", "*maddoti*": "I will measure/I will mete out/I will repay", "*peʿullatam*": "their work/their deed/their action", "*rishonah*": "first/former/previous", "*heqam*": "their bosom/their lap/their chest" } }
  • Jer 2:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.2.9", "source": "לָכֵ֗ן עֹ֛ד אָרִ֥יב אִתְּכֶ֖ם נְאֻם־יְהוָ֑ה וְאֶת־בְּנֵ֥י בְנֵיכֶ֖ם אָרִֽיב׃", "text": "*Lākēn* *ʿōd* *ʾārîb* *ʾittəkem* *nəʾum*-*YHWH* *wə-ʾet*-*bənê* *bənêkem* *ʾārîb*", "grammar": { "*Lākēn*": "adverb - therefore", "*ʿōd*": "adverb - still/yet/again", "*ʾārîb*": "qal imperfect, 1st singular - I will contend/dispute", "*ʾittəkem*": "preposition + 2nd masculine plural suffix - with you", "*nəʾum*-*YHWH*": "construct chain - declaration of YHWH", "*wə-ʾet*-*bənê*": "conjunction + direct object marker + noun, masculine plural construct - and with sons of", "*bənêkem*": "noun, masculine plural + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your sons", "*ʾārîb*": "qal imperfect, 1st singular - I will contend/dispute" }, "variants": { "*lākēn*": "therefore/thus/consequently", "*ʿōd*": "still/yet/again/continuously", "*ʾārîb*": "I will contend/I will dispute/I will bring charges against", "*nəʾum*": "declaration/utterance/oracle", "*bənê*": "sons of/children of/descendants of" } }
  • John 7:7 : 7 { "verseID": "John.7.7", "source": "Οὐ δύναται ὁ κόσμος μισεῖν ὑμᾶς· ἐμὲ δὲ μισεῖ, ὅτι ἐγὼ μαρτυρῶ περὶ αὐτοῦ, ὅτι τὰ ἔργα αὐτοῦ πονηρά ἐστιν.", "text": "Not *dynatai* the *kosmos misein* you; *eme de misei*, because *egō martyrō peri* it, that the *erga* its *ponēra estin*.", "grammar": { "*dynatai*": "present middle/passive, 3rd singular - is able/can", "*kosmos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - world", "*misein*": "present infinitive - to hate", "*eme*": "accusative, 1st singular - me", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and/now", "*misei*": "present indicative, 3rd singular - hates", "*egō*": "nominative, 1st singular - I", "*martyrō*": "present indicative, 1st singular - testify/witness", "*peri*": "preposition + genitive - concerning/about", "*erga*": "nominative, neuter, plural - works/deeds", "*ponēra*": "nominative, neuter, plural - evil/wicked", "*estin*": "present indicative, 3rd singular - is/are" }, "variants": { "*dynatai*": "is able/can/has power", "*kosmos*": "world/universe/ordered system", "*misein*": "to hate/detest", "*misei*": "hates/detests", "*martyrō*": "testify/bear witness/give evidence", "*erga*": "works/deeds/actions", "*ponēra*": "evil/wicked/worthless/harmful" } }
  • John 15:18 : 18 { "verseID": "John.15.18", "source": "Εἰ ὁ κόσμος ὑμᾶς μισεῖ, γινώσκετε ὅτι ἐμὲ πρῶτον ὑμῶν μεμίσηκεν.", "text": "*Ei ho kosmos humas misei*, *ginōskete hoti eme prōton humōn memisēken*.", "grammar": { "*Ei*": "conditional particle - if", "*ho kosmos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - the world", "*humas*": "accusative, plural, second person pronoun - you [plural]", "*misei*": "present indicative, active, third person singular - hates", "*ginōskete*": "present imperative, active, second person plural - know", "*hoti*": "conjunction - that", "*eme*": "accusative, singular, first person pronoun - me", "*prōton*": "adverb - first/before", "*humōn*": "genitive, plural, second person pronoun - you [plural]", "*memisēken*": "perfect indicative, active, third person singular - it has hated" }, "variants": { "*kosmos*": "world/universe/humankind/worldly system", "*misei*": "hates/detests/rejects", "*ginōskete*": "know/understand/recognize [as imperative or indicative]", "*prōton*": "first/before/earlier than", "*memisēken*": "has hated/has detested/has rejected" } }
  • John 15:23-24 : 23 { "verseID": "John.15.23", "source": "Ὁ ἐμὲ μισῶν καὶ τὸν Πατέρα μου μισεῖ.", "text": "The *eme misōn* and the *Patera mou misei*.", "grammar": { "*eme*": "accusative, singular, first person pronoun - me", "*misōn*": "present participle, active, nominative, masculine, singular - hating", "*Patera*": "accusative, masculine, singular - Father", "*mou*": "genitive, singular, first person pronoun - my/of me", "*misei*": "present indicative, active, third person singular - hates" }, "variants": { "*misōn*": "hating/detesting/rejecting", "*misei*": "hates/detests/rejects" } } 24 { "verseID": "John.15.24", "source": "Εἰ τὰ ἔργα μὴ ἐποίησα ἐν αὐτοῖς ἃ οὐδεὶς ἄλλος πεποίηκεν, ἁμαρτίαν οὐκ εἴχον: νῦν δὲ καὶ ἑωράκασιν καὶ μεμισήκασιν καὶ ἐμὲ καὶ τὸν Πατέρα μου.", "text": "*Ei ta erga mē epoiēsa en autois ha oudeis allos pepoiēken*, *hamartian ouk eichon*: *nun de kai heōrakasin kai memisēkasin kai eme kai ton Patera mou*.", "grammar": { "*Ei*": "conditional particle - if", "*ta erga*": "accusative, neuter, plural - the works", "*mē*": "negative particle - not", "*epoiēsa*": "aorist indicative, active, first person singular - I had done", "*en autois*": "preposition + dative - among them", "*ha*": "relative pronoun, accusative, neuter, plural - which", "*oudeis allos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - no one else", "*pepoiēken*": "perfect indicative, active, third person singular - has done", "*hamartian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - sin", "*ouk eichon*": "negative + imperfect indicative, active, third person plural - they would not have had", "*nun*": "adverb - now", "*de*": "conjunction - but", "*kai... kai*": "coordinating conjunctions - both... and", "*heōrakasin*": "perfect indicative, active, third person plural - they have seen", "*memisēkasin*": "perfect indicative, active, third person plural - they have hated", "*eme*": "accusative, singular, first person pronoun - me", "*Patera*": "accusative, masculine, singular - Father", "*mou*": "genitive, singular, first person pronoun - my/of me" }, "variants": { "*erga*": "works/deeds/acts", "*epoiēsa*": "had done/had performed/had accomplished", "*pepoiēken*": "has done/has performed/has accomplished", "*eichon*": "would have had/would have possessed", "*heōrakasin*": "have seen/have observed/have witnessed", "*memisēkasin*": "have hated/have detested/have rejected" } }
  • Rom 1:30 : 30 { "verseID": "Romans.1.30", "source": "Καταλάλους, θεοστυγεῖς, ὑβριστάς, ὑπερηφάνους, ἀλαζόνας, ἐφευρετὰς κακῶν, γονεῦσιν ἀπειθεῖς,", "text": "*Katalalous*, *theostygeis*, *hybristas*, *hyperēphanous*, *alazonas*, *epheuretas* *kakōn*, *goneusin* *apeitheis*,", "grammar": { "*Katalalous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - backbiters/slanderers", "*theostygeis*": "accusative, masculine, plural - God-haters", "*hybristas*": "accusative, masculine, plural - insolent/violent people", "*hyperēphanous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - proud/arrogant", "*alazonas*": "accusative, masculine, plural - boastful", "*epheuretas*": "accusative, masculine, plural - inventors", "*kakōn*": "genitive, neuter, plural - of evil things", "*goneusin*": "dative, masculine, plural - to parents", "*apeitheis*": "accusative, masculine, plural - disobedient" }, "variants": { "*Katalalous*": "backbiters/slanderers/defamers", "*theostygeis*": "God-haters/hateful to God", "*hybristas*": "insolent/violent/abusive", "*hyperēphanous*": "proud/arrogant/haughty", "*alazonas*": "boastful/pretentious/braggarts", "*epheuretas*": "inventors/devisers", "*kakōn*": "of evil things/of wickedness", "*apeitheis*": "disobedient/rebellious" } }
  • Lev 26:39-40 : 39 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.39", "source": "וְהַנִּשְׁאָרִ֣ים בָּכֶ֗ם יִמַּ֙קּוּ֙ בּֽ͏ַעֲוֺנָ֔ם בְּאַרְצֹ֖ת אֹיְבֵיכֶ֑ם וְאַ֛ף בַּעֲוֺנֹ֥ת אֲבֹתָ֖ם אִתָּ֥ם יִמָּֽקּוּ׃", "text": "*wə-hannišʾārîm* *bākem* *yimmaqû* *baʿăwōnām* *bəʾarṣōt* *ʾōyəbêkem* *wə-ʾap* *baʿăwōnōt* *ʾăbōtām* *ʾittām* *yimmāqû*", "grammar": { "*wə-hannišʾārîm*": "conjunction + definite article + Niphal participle masculine plural - and those remaining", "*bākem*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - among you", "*yimmaqû*": "Niphal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they shall waste away/rot", "*baʿăwōnām*": "preposition + masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - in their iniquity", "*bəʾarṣōt*": "preposition + feminine plural construct - in lands of", "*ʾōyəbêkem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your enemies", "*wə-ʾap*": "conjunction + adverb/conjunction - and also/moreover", "*baʿăwōnōt*": "preposition + masculine plural construct - in iniquities of", "*ʾăbōtām*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their fathers", "*ʾittām*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - with them", "*yimmāqû*": "Niphal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they shall waste away/rot" }, "variants": { "*nišʾārîm*": "remaining/left over/survivors", "*yimmaqû*": "rot/waste away/decay/pine away", "*ʿăwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/punishment for iniquity", "*ʾăbōt*": "fathers/ancestors/forefathers" } } 40 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.40", "source": "וְהִתְוַדּ֤וּ אֶת־עֲוֺנָם֙ וְאֶת־עֲוֺ֣ן אֲבֹתָ֔ם בְּמַעֲלָ֖ם אֲשֶׁ֣ר מָֽעֲלוּ־בִ֑י וְאַ֕ף אֲשֶׁר־הֽ͏ָלְכ֥וּ עִמִּ֖י בְּקֶֽרִי׃", "text": "*wə-hitwaddû* *ʾet*-*ʿăwōnām* *wə-ʾet*-*ʿăwōn* *ʾăbōtām* *bəmaʿălām* *ʾăšer* *māʿălû*-*bî* *wə-ʾap* *ʾăšer*-*hālḵû* *ʿimmî* *bəqerî*", "grammar": { "*wə-hitwaddû*": "conjunction + Hithpael perfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they shall confess", "*ʾet*-*ʿăwōnām*": "direct object marker + masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their iniquity", "*wə-ʾet*-*ʿăwōn*": "conjunction + direct object marker + masculine singular construct - and iniquity of", "*ʾăbōtām*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their fathers", "*bəmaʿălām*": "preposition + masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - in their unfaithfulness", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*māʿălû*-*bî*": "Qal perfect 3rd person plural + preposition with 1st person singular suffix - they have committed against me", "*wə-ʾap*": "conjunction + adverb/conjunction - and also", "*ʾăšer*-*hālḵû*": "relative pronoun + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural - which they walked/went", "*ʿimmî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - with me", "*bəqerî*": "preposition + masculine noun - in hostility/contrary" }, "variants": { "*hitwaddû*": "confess/acknowledge", "*ʿăwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/punishment for iniquity", "*maʿal*": "unfaithfulness/treachery/trespass", "*qerî*": "hostility/contrariness/opposition/stubbornness" } }
  • Jas 4:4 : 4 { "verseID": "James.4.4", "source": "Μοιχοὶ καὶ μοιχαλίδες, οὐκ οἴδατε ὅτι ἡ φιλία τοῦ κόσμου ἔχθρα τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐστιν; ὃς ἂν οὖν βουληθῇ φίλος εἶναι τοῦ κόσμου ἐχθρὸς τοῦ Θεοῦ καθίσταται.", "text": "*Moichoi* and *moichalides*, not you *oidate* that the *philia* of the *kosmou echtra* of the *Theou estin*? whoever therefore may *boulēthē philos einai* of the *kosmou echthros* of the *Theou kathistatai*.", "grammar": { "*Moichoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - adulterers", "*moichalides*": "nominative, feminine, plural - adulteresses", "*oidate*": "perfect active indicative, 2nd plural - know/understand", "*philia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - friendship/love", "*kosmou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - world/universe/ornamentation", "*echtra*": "nominative, feminine, singular - enmity/hostility", "*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - God", "*estin*": "present active indicative, 3rd singular - is", "*boulēthē*": "aorist passive subjunctive, 3rd singular - desire/wish/intend", "*philos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - friend/beloved", "*einai*": "present active infinitive - to be", "*echthros*": "nominative, masculine, singular - enemy/hostile", "*kathistatai*": "present middle/passive indicative, 3rd singular - becomes/is appointed" }, "variants": { "*Moichoi*": "adulterers/unfaithful ones", "*moichalides*": "adulteresses/unfaithful women", "*oidate*": "know/understand/perceive", "*philia*": "friendship/love/affection", "*kosmou*": "world/universe/worldly system", "*echtra*": "enmity/hostility/hatred", "*boulēthē*": "wishes/desires/intends", "*philos*": "friend/beloved/dear one", "*echthros*": "enemy/hostile/opposed", "*kathistatai*": "becomes/is constituted/is established" } }
  • Isa 14:20-21 : 20 { "verseID": "Isaiah.14.20", "source": "לֹֽא־תֵחַ֤ד אִתָּם֙ בִּקְבוּרָ֔ה כִּֽי־אַרְצְךָ֥ שִׁחַ֖תָּ עַמְּךָ֣ הָרָ֑גְתָּ לֹֽא־יִקָּרֵ֥א לְעוֹלָ֖ם זֶ֥רַע מְרֵעִֽים׃", "text": "Not-*tēḥad* with-them in-*qǝḇûrāh*, for-*ʾarṣǝḵā* *šiḥattā*, *ʿammǝḵā* *hārāḡtā*. Not-*yiqqārēʾ* to-*ʿôlām* *zeraʿ* *mǝrēʿîm*.", "grammar": { "*tēḥad*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you will be united", "*qǝḇûrāh*": "feminine singular noun - burial/grave", "*ʾarṣǝḵā*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your land", "*šiḥattā*": "piel perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you have destroyed/ruined", "*ʿammǝḵā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your people", "*hārāḡtā*": "qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you have killed/slain", "*yiqqārēʾ*": "niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - it will be called/named", "*ʿôlām*": "masculine singular noun - eternity/forever", "*zeraʿ*": "masculine singular construct - seed/offspring of", "*mǝrēʿîm*": "hiphil participle, masculine plural - evildoers" }, "variants": { "*tēḥad*": "you will be united/you will join/you will be brought together", "*qǝḇûrāh*": "burial/grave/tomb", "*šiḥattā*": "you have destroyed/you have ruined/you have corrupted", "*hārāḡtā*": "you have killed/you have slain/you have murdered", "*yiqqārēʾ*": "will be called/will be named/will be proclaimed", "*ʿôlām*": "eternity/forever/perpetuity", "*zeraʿ*": "seed/offspring/descendants", "*mǝrēʿîm*": "evildoers/those doing evil/wrongdoers" } } 21 { "verseID": "Isaiah.14.21", "source": "הָכִ֧ינוּ לְבָנָ֛יו מַטְבֵּ֖חַ בַּעֲוֺ֣ן אֲבוֹתָ֑ם בַּל־יָקֻ֙מוּ֙ וְיָ֣רְשׁוּ אָ֔רֶץ וּמָלְא֥וּ פְנֵֽי־תֵבֵ֖ל עָרִֽים׃", "text": "*hāḵînû* for-*ḇānāyw* *maṭbēaḥ* in-*ʿăwōn* *ʾăḇôtām*; *bal*-*yāqumû* and-*yārǝšû* *ʾāreṣ* and-*mālǝʾû* *p̄ǝnê*-*tēḇēl* *ʿārîm*.", "grammar": { "*hāḵînû*": "hiphil imperative, 2nd masculine plural - prepare", "*ḇānāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his sons", "*maṭbēaḥ*": "masculine singular noun - slaughter/slaughtering place", "*ʿăwōn*": "masculine singular construct - iniquity of", "*ʾăḇôtām*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their fathers", "*bal*": "negative particle - not", "*yāqumû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they will arise", "*yārǝšû*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine plural - they will possess/inherit", "*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun - earth/land", "*mālǝʾû*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine plural - they will fill", "*p̄ǝnê*": "masculine plural construct - face/surface of", "*tēḇēl*": "feminine singular noun - world/inhabited earth", "*ʿārîm*": "feminine plural noun - cities" }, "variants": { "*hāḵînû*": "prepare/make ready/establish", "*maṭbēaḥ*": "slaughter/slaughtering place/place of killing", "*ʿăwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/punishment for iniquity", "*bal*": "not/never/by no means", "*yāqumû*": "they will arise/they will stand/they will rise up", "*yārǝšû*": "they will possess/they will inherit/they will take possession", "*mālǝʾû*": "they will fill/they will cover/they will be full" } }
  • Isa 44:15 : 15 { "verseID": "Isaiah.44.15", "source": "וְהָיָ֤ה לְאָדָם֙ לְבָעֵ֔ר וַיִּקַּ֤ח מֵהֶם֙ וַיָּ֔חָם אַף־יַשִּׂ֖יק וְאָ֣פָה לָ֑חֶם אַף־יִפְעַל־אֵל֙ וַיִּשְׁתָּ֔חוּ עָשָׂ֥הוּ פֶ֖סֶל וַיִּסְגָּד־לָֽמוֹ׃", "text": "*wəhāyāh* *ləʾādām* *ləḇāʿēr* *wayyiqqaḥ* *mēhem* *wayyāḥām* *ʾap̄-yaśśîq* *wəʾāp̄āh* *lāḥem* *ʾap̄-yip̄ʿal-ʾēl* *wayyištāḥû* *ʿāśāhû* *p̄esel* *wayyisggād-lāmô*", "grammar": { "*wəhāyāh*": "conjunction + verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and it becomes", "*ləʾādām*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - for a person", "*ləḇāʿēr*": "preposition + verb, piel infinitive construct - for burning", "*wayyiqqaḥ*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he takes", "*mēhem*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - from them", "*wayyāḥām*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he warms himself", "*ʾap̄-yaśśîq*": "adverb + verb, hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - indeed he kindles", "*wəʾāp̄āh*": "conjunction + verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and bakes", "*lāḥem*": "noun, masculine singular - bread", "*ʾap̄-yip̄ʿal-ʾēl*": "adverb + verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular + noun, masculine singular - indeed he makes a god", "*wayyištāḥû*": "conjunction + verb, hishtaphel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he worships", "*ʿāśāhû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - he makes it", "*p̄esel*": "noun, masculine singular - an idol", "*wayyisggād-lāmô*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular + preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix (archaic) - and he bows down to it" }, "variants": { "*ləḇāʿēr*": "for burning/for fuel/for kindling", "*wayyāḥām*": "and he warms himself/and he gets warm", "*yaśśîq*": "he kindles/he lights/he sets ablaze", "*ʾāp̄āh*": "bakes/prepares", "*yip̄ʿal-ʾēl*": "he makes a god/he fashions a deity", "*yištāḥû*": "he worships/he bows down/he prostrates himself", "*p̄esel*": "idol/carved image/graven image", "*yisggād*": "he bows down/he prostrates himself/he worships" } }
  • Isa 44:19 : 19 { "verseID": "Isaiah.44.19", "source": "וְלֹא־יָשִׁ֣יב אֶל־לִבּ֗וֹ וְלֹ֨א דַ֥עַת וְלֹֽא־תְבוּנָה֮ לֵאמֹר֒ חֶצְי֞וֹ שָׂרַ֣פְתִּי בְמוֹ־אֵ֗שׁ וְ֠אַף אָפִ֤יתִי עַל־גֶּחָלָיו֙ לֶ֔חֶם אֶצְלֶ֥ה בָשָׂ֖ר וְאֹכֵ֑ל וְיִתְרוֹ֙ לְתוֹעֵבָ֣ה אֶעֱשֶׂ֔ה לְב֥וּל עֵ֖ץ אֶסְגּֽוֹד׃", "text": "*wəlōʾ-yāšîḇ* *ʾel-libbô* *wəlōʾ* *ḏaʿaṯ* *wəlōʾ-ṯəḇûnāh* *lēʾmōr* *ḥeṣyô* *śārap̄tî* *ḇəmô-ʾēš* *wəʾap̄* *ʾāp̄îṯî* *ʿal-geḥālāyw* *leḥem* *ʾeṣleh* *ḇāśār* *wəʾōḵēl* *wəyiṯrô* *ləṯôʿēḇāh* *ʾeʿĕśeh* *ləḇûl* *ʿēṣ* *ʾesggôḏ*", "grammar": { "*wəlōʾ-yāšîḇ*": "conjunction + negative particle + verb, hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he does not take to heart", "*ʾel-libbô*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to his heart", "*wəlōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and no", "*ḏaʿaṯ*": "noun, feminine singular - knowledge", "*wəlōʾ-ṯəḇûnāh*": "conjunction + negative particle + noun, feminine singular - and no understanding", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct - saying", "*ḥeṣyô*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - half of it", "*śārap̄tî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I burned", "*ḇəmô-ʾēš*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - in fire", "*wəʾap̄*": "conjunction + adverb - and indeed", "*ʾāp̄îṯî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I baked", "*ʿal-geḥālāyw*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - upon its coals", "*leḥem*": "noun, masculine singular - bread", "*ʾeṣleh*": "verb, qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I roast", "*ḇāśār*": "noun, masculine singular - flesh/meat", "*wəʾōḵēl*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect, 1st person singular - and I eat", "*wəyiṯrô*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and its remainder", "*ləṯôʿēḇāh*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - for an abomination", "*ʾeʿĕśeh*": "verb, qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I make", "*ləḇûl*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - to a block of", "*ʿēṣ*": "noun, masculine singular - wood", "*ʾesggôḏ*": "verb, qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I bow down" }, "variants": { "*yāšîḇ ʾel-libbô*": "takes to heart/considers/reflects upon", "*ḏaʿaṯ*": "knowledge/awareness/perception", "*ṯəḇûnāh*": "understanding/intelligence/insight", "*śārap̄tî*": "I burned/I consumed with fire", "*ʾāp̄îṯî*": "I baked/I cooked", "*geḥālāyw*": "its coals/its embers", "*ʾeṣleh*": "I roast/I cook", "*yiṯrô*": "its remainder/its residue/the rest of it", "*ṯôʿēḇāh*": "abomination/detestable thing/something abhorrent", "*ḇûl*": "block/log/piece", "*ʾesggôḏ*": "I bow down/I worship/I prostrate myself" } }
  • Ps 81:15 : 15 { "verseID": "Psalms.81.15", "source": "כִּ֭מְעַט אוֹיְבֵיהֶ֣ם אַכְנִ֑יעַ וְעַ֥ל צָ֝רֵיהֶ֗ם אָשִׁ֥יב יָדִֽי׃", "text": "Like *kiməʿaṭ* their *ʾôyəbêhem* *ʾaḵnîaʿ* and against their *ṣārêhem* *ʾāšîb* my *yādî*", "grammar": { "*kiməʿaṭ*": "adverb with prefixed preposition kaf - 'like soon/quickly'", "*ʾôyəbêhem*": "masculine plural participle with 3rd masculine plural suffix - 'their enemies'", "*ʾaḵnîaʿ*": "hiphil imperfect 1st singular - 'I would subdue'", "*ṣārêhem*": "masculine plural participle with 3rd masculine plural suffix - 'their adversaries'", "*ʾāšîb*": "hiphil imperfect 1st singular - 'I would turn'", "*yādî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - 'my hand'" }, "variants": { "*kiməʿaṭ*": "soon/quickly/in a little while", "*ʾôyəbêhem*": "their enemies/their foes", "*ʾaḵnîaʿ*": "I would subdue/I would humble/I would bring down", "*ṣārêhem*": "their adversaries/their foes/those who trouble them", "*ʾāšîb*": "I would turn/I would return/I would bring back", "*yādî*": "my hand/my power/my action" } }
  • Job 5:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Job.5.4", "source": "יִרְחֲק֣וּ בָנָ֣יו מִיֶּ֑שַׁע וְיִֽדַּכְּא֥וּ בַ֝שַּׁ֗עַר וְאֵ֣ין מַצִּֽיל׃", "text": "*yirḥăqû* *bānāyw* from-*yešaʿ* *wə*-*yiddakkʾû* in-the-*šaʿar* *wə*-*ʾên* *maṣṣîl*", "grammar": { "*yirḥăqû*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will be far", "*bānāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his sons", "*yešaʿ*": "noun, masculine singular - safety/salvation", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*yiddakkʾû*": "Hithpael imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will be crushed", "*šaʿar*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the gate", "*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there is not", "*maṣṣîl*": "Hiphil participle, masculine singular - deliverer" }, "variants": { "*yirḥăqû*": "are far/will be far from", "*yešaʿ*": "safety/salvation/deliverance", "*yiddakkʾû*": "be crushed/oppressed", "*šaʿar*": "gate/place of judgment", "*maṣṣîl*": "deliverer/rescuer" } }
  • 2 Kgs 23:26 : 26 { "verseID": "2 Kings.23.26", "source": "אַ֣ךְ ׀ לֹֽא־שָׁ֣ב יְהוָ֗ה מֵחֲר֤וֹן אַפּוֹ֙ הַגָּד֔וֹל אֲשֶׁר־חָרָ֥ה אַפּ֖וֹ בִּֽיהוּדָ֑ה עַ֚ל כָּל־הַכְּעָסִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר הִכְעִיס֖וֹ מְנַשֶּֽׁה׃", "text": "Yet not-*šāb* *YHWH* from-*ḥărôn* *ʾappô* the-*gādôl* which-*ḥārâ* *ʾappô* in-*yᵊhûdâ* for all-the-*kᵊʿāsîm* which *hikʿîsô* *mᵊnaššeh*.", "grammar": { "*šāb*": "Qal perfect, 3rd singular, masculine - he turned/returned", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/LORD", "*ḥărôn*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - burning of", "*ʾappô*": "noun, masculine, singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his anger", "*gādôl*": "adjective, masculine, singular - great", "*ḥārâ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd singular, masculine - burned", "*yᵊhûdâ*": "proper noun - Judah", "*kᵊʿāsîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - provocations", "*hikʿîsô*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd singular, masculine + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - he provoked him", "*mᵊnaššeh*": "proper noun - Manasseh" }, "variants": { "*šāb*": "turned/returned/relented", "*ḥărôn*": "burning/heat/fierceness", "*ʾappô*": "his nose/anger/wrath", "*gādôl*": "great/large/intense", "*ḥārâ*": "burned/kindled/became hot", "*kᵊʿāsîm*": "provocations/vexations/offenses", "*hikʿîsô*": "provoked him/angered him/vexed him" } }
  • 2 Sam 21:1 : 1 { "verseID": "2Samuel.21.1", "source": "וַיְהִ֣י רָעָב֩ בִּימֵ֨י דָוִ֜ד שָׁלֹ֣שׁ שָׁנִ֗ים שָׁנָה֙ אַחֲרֵ֣י שָׁנָ֔ה וַיְבַקֵּ֥שׁ דָּוִ֖ד אֶת־פְּנֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה ס וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יְהוָ֗ה אֶל־שָׁאוּל֙ וְאֶל־בֵּ֣ית הַדָּמִ֔ים עַֽל־אֲשֶׁר־הֵמִ֖ית אֶת־הַגִּבְעֹנִֽים", "text": "And *wayĕhî* *rāʿāb* in *yĕmê* *Dāwid* three *šānîm*, *šānâ* after *šānâ*, and *wayĕbaqqêš* *Dāwid* *ʾet*-face of *YHWH*; and *wayyōʾmer* *YHWH*, \"To-*Šāʾûl* and to-*bêt* the-*dāmîm*, because that-he-*hēmît* *ʾet*-the-*Gibʿōnîm*.\"", "grammar": { "*wayĕhî*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and it was/came to pass", "*rāʿāb*": "noun, masculine singular - famine/hunger", "*yĕmê*": "construct plural of *yôm* - days of", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*šānîm*": "noun, feminine plural - years", "*šānâ*": "noun, feminine singular - year", "*wayĕbaqqêš*": "waw-consecutive + piel imperfect 3ms - and he sought", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he said", "*Šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*bêt*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of", "*dāmîm*": "noun, masculine plural - bloods", "*hēmît*": "hiphil perfect 3ms - he killed/caused to die", "*Gibʿōnîm*": "proper noun, plural - Gibeonites" }, "variants": { "*wayĕhî*": "it happened/there was/came to pass", "*rāʿāb*": "famine/hunger", "*bêt* *dāmîm*": "house of blood/bloodshed/bloodguilt", "*wayĕbaqqêš*": "sought/inquired of/consulted" } }
  • 2 Sam 21:6 : 6 { "verseID": "2Samuel.21.6", "source": "*ינתן־**יֻתַּן־לָ֜נוּ שִׁבְעָ֤ה אֲנָשִׁים֙ מִבָּנָ֔יו וְהוֹקֽ͏ַעֲנוּם֙ לַֽיהוָ֔ה בְּגִבְעַ֥ת שָׁא֖וּל בְּחִ֣יר יְהוָ֑ה ס וַיֹּ֥אמֶר הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ אֲנִ֥י אֶתֵּֽן", "text": "*yuttan*-to-us seven *ʾănāšîm* from-*bānāyw* and-*hôqaʿănûm* to-*YHWH* in-*Gibʿat* *Šāʾûl* *bĕḥîr* *YHWH*. And *wayyōʾmer* the-*melek*, \"I *ʾettēn*.\"", "grammar": { "*yuttan*": "qal passive imperfect 3ms (Ketiv: *yintēn* - niphal imperfect 3ms) - let be given", "*ʾănāšîm*": "noun, masculine plural - men", "*bānāyw*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 3ms suffix - his sons", "*hôqaʿănûm*": "hiphil perfect 1cp + 3mp suffix - we will hang/impale them", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*Gibʿat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - hill of", "*Šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*bĕḥîr*": "qal passive participle masculine singular construct - chosen of", "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he said", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular - king", "*ʾettēn*": "qal imperfect 1cs - I will give" }, "variants": { "*hôqaʿănûm*": "hang them/impale them/expose them", "*bĕḥîr* *YHWH*": "chosen of YHWH/elect of YHWH" } }
  • 1 Kgs 21:29 : 29 { "verseID": "1 Kings.21.29", "source": "הֲ‍ֽרָאִ֔יתָ כִּֽי־נִכְנַ֥ע אַחְאָ֖ב מִלְּפָנָ֑י יַ֜עַן כִּֽי־נִכְנַ֣ע מִפָּנַ֗י לֹֽא־*אבי **אָבִ֤יא הֽ͏ָרָעָה֙ בְּיָמָ֔יו בִּימֵ֣י בְנ֔וֹ אָבִ֥יא הָרָעָ֖ה עַל־בֵּיתֽוֹ׃", "text": "Have-*rāʾîtā* that-*niknaʿ* *ʾaḥʾāb* from-before-me? Because that-*niknaʿ* from-my-face, not-*ʾābîʾ* the-*rāʿâ* in-*yāmāyw*; in-*yəmê* *bənô* *ʾābîʾ* the-*rāʿâ* upon-*bêtô*.", "grammar": { "*rāʾîtā*": "perfect, 2nd singular masculine, Qal - you have seen", "*niknaʿ*": "perfect, 3rd singular masculine, Niphal - he has humbled himself", "*ʾaḥʾāb*": "proper name, masculine - Ahab", "*ʾābîʾ*": "imperfect, 1st singular, Hiphil - I will bring", "*rāʿâ*": "noun, feminine singular - evil/calamity", "*yāmāyw*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his days", "*yəmê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - days of", "*bənô*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his son", "*bêtô*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his house" }, "variants": { "*niknaʿ*": "humbled himself/bowed down", "*millpānāy*": "from before me/before my presence", "*ʾābîʾ rāʿâ*": "I will bring evil/I will bring calamity/I will bring disaster" } }
  • 2 Kgs 17:35 : 35 { "verseID": "2 Kings.17.35", "source": "וַיִּכְרֹ֨ת יְהוָ֤ה אִתָּם֙ בְּרִ֔ית וַיְצַוֵּ֣ם לֵאמֹ֔ר לֹ֥א תִֽירְא֖וּ אֱלֹהִ֣ים אֲחֵרִ֑ים וְלֹא־תִשְׁתַּחֲו֣וּ לָהֶ֔ם וְלֹ֣א תַעַבְד֔וּם וְלֹ֥א תִזְבְּח֖וּ לָהֶֽם׃", "text": "*wa-yikrōt* *YHWH* *ʾittām* *bərît* *wa-yəṣawwēm* *lēmōr* *lōʾ* *tîrəʾû* *ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾăḥērîm* *wə-lōʾ*-*tištaḥăwû* *lāhem* *wə-lōʾ* *taʿabdûm* *wə-lōʾ* *tizbəḥû* *lāhem*", "grammar": { "*wa-yikrōt*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3ms - and he cut/made", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾittām*": "preposition + 3mp suffix - with them", "*bərît*": "feminine singular noun - covenant", "*wa-yəṣawwēm*": "conjunction + Piel imperfect 3ms + 3mp suffix - and he commanded them", "*lēmōr*": "Qal infinitive construct - saying", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*tîrəʾû*": "Qal imperfect 2mp - you shall fear", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun - gods", "*ʾăḥērîm*": "masculine plural adjective - other", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*tištaḥăwû*": "Hishtaphel imperfect 2mp - you shall bow down", "*lāhem*": "preposition + 3mp suffix - to them", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*taʿabdûm*": "Qal imperfect 2mp + 3mp suffix - you shall serve them", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*tizbəḥû*": "Qal imperfect 2mp - you shall sacrifice", "*lāhem*": "preposition + 3mp suffix - to them" }, "variants": { "*wa-yikrōt bərît*": "made a covenant/cut a covenant (idiom)", "*tîrəʾû*": "fear/revere/worship", "*tištaḥăwû*": "bow down to/prostrate before/worship" } }
  • Lev 26:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.1", "source": "לֹֽא־תַעֲשׂ֨וּ לָכֶ֜ם אֱלִילִ֗ם וּפֶ֤סֶל וּמַצֵּבָה֙ לֹֽא־תָקִ֣ימוּ לָכֶ֔ם וְאֶ֣בֶן מַשְׂכִּ֗ית לֹ֤א תִתְּנוּ֙ בְּאַרְצְכֶ֔ם לְהִֽשְׁתַּחֲוֺ֖ת עָלֶ֑יהָ כִּ֛י אֲנִ֥י יְהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם׃", "text": "Not *taʿaśû* to-you *ʾelîlîm* and-*pesel* and-*maṣṣēbâ* not *tāqîmû* to-you and-*ʾeben maśkît* not *tittenû* in-*ʾarṣekem* to-*hištaḥăwōt* upon-it for I *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkem*", "grammar": { "*taʿaśû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you shall make", "*ʾelîlîm*": "noun, masculine plural - idols/worthless things", "*pesel*": "noun, masculine singular - carved image/idol", "*maṣṣēbâ*": "noun, feminine singular - pillar/standing stone", "*tāqîmû*": "verb, hiphil imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you shall set up/erect", "*ʾeben*": "noun, feminine singular construct - stone of", "*maśkît*": "noun, feminine singular - carved figure/imagery", "*tittenû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you shall put/place", "*ʾarṣekem*": "noun, feminine singular + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your land", "*hištaḥăwōt*": "verb, hitpael infinitive construct - to bow down/worship", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêkem*": "noun, masculine plural + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your God" }, "variants": { "*ʾelîlîm*": "idols/worthless gods/nothings", "*pesel*": "carved image/graven image/idol", "*maṣṣēbâ*": "pillar/standing stone/sacred pillar", "*ʾeben maśkît*": "figured stone/stone with imagery/decorated stone", "*hištaḥăwōt*": "to bow down/prostrate oneself/worship" } }
  • Deut 32:21 : 21 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.21", "source": "הֵ֚ם קִנְא֣וּנִי בְלֹא־אֵ֔ל כִּעֲס֖וּנִי בְּהַבְלֵיהֶ֑ם וַאֲנִי֙ אַקְנִיאֵ֣ם בְּלֹא־עָ֔ם בְּג֥וֹי נָבָ֖ל אַכְעִיסֵֽם׃", "text": "*hēm* *qinʾûnî* *ḇəlōʾ*-*ʾēl* *kiʿăsûnî* *bəhaḇlêhem* *waʾănî* *ʾaqnîʾēm* *bəlōʾ*-*ʿām* *bəgôy* *nāḇāl* *aḵʿîsēm*", "grammar": { "*hēm*": "3rd person masculine plural pronoun - they", "*qinʾûnî*": "Piel perfect 3rd person common plural with 1st person singular suffix - they made me jealous", "*ḇəlōʾ*": "preposition + negative particle - with no", "*ʾēl*": "masculine singular noun - god", "*kiʿăsûnî*": "Piel perfect 3rd person common plural with 1st person singular suffix - they provoked me", "*bəhaḇlêhem*": "preposition + masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - with their vanities", "*waʾănî*": "conjunction + 1st person singular pronoun - and I", "*ʾaqnîʾēm*": "Hiphil imperfect 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - I will make them jealous", "*bəlōʾ*": "preposition + negative particle - with no", "*ʿām*": "masculine singular noun - people", "*bəgôy*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - with nation", "*nāḇāl*": "masculine singular adjective - foolish", "*aḵʿîsēm*": "Hiphil imperfect 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - I will provoke them" }, "variants": { "*qinʾûnî*": "they made me jealous/they provoked me to jealousy/they stirred me to jealousy", "*bəlōʾ-ʾēl*": "with no god/with what is not god/with a non-deity", "*kiʿăsûnî*": "they provoked me/they vexed me/they made me angry", "*haḇlêhem*": "their vanities/their idols/their worthless things", "*ʾaqnîʾēm*": "I will make them jealous/I will provoke them to jealousy", "*bəlōʾ-ʿām*": "with no people/with what is not a nation/with a non-people", "*gôy nāḇāl*": "foolish nation/senseless nation/contemptible people", "*aḵʿîsēm*": "I will provoke them/I will anger them/I will vex them" } }
  • Deut 32:41 : 41 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.41", "source": "אִם־שַׁנּוֹתִי֙ בְּרַ֣ק חַרְבִּ֔י וְתֹאחֵ֥ז בְּמִשְׁפָּ֖ט יָדִ֑י אָשִׁ֤יב נָקָם֙ לְצָרָ֔י וְלִמְשַׂנְאַ֖י אֲשַׁלֵּֽם׃", "text": "If *šannôṯî* *bəraq* *ḥarbî*, and-*tōʾḥēz* in-*mišpāṭ* *yāḏî*; *ʾāšîḇ* *nāqām* to-*ṣārāy*, and-to-*məśanʾay* *ʾăšallēm*.", "grammar": { "*ʾim*": "conjunction - if", "*šannôṯî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I sharpen/whet", "*bəraq*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - lightning/glittering of", "*ḥarbî*": "noun, feminine, singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my sword", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*tōʾḥēz*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - takes hold", "*bə*": "preposition - in", "*mišpāṭ*": "noun, masculine, singular - judgment", "*yāḏî*": "noun, feminine, singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my hand", "*ʾāšîḇ*": "verb, hifil imperfect, 1st person singular - I will return/render", "*nāqām*": "noun, masculine, singular - vengeance", "*lə*": "preposition - to", "*ṣārāy*": "participle, qal, masculine, plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - my adversaries", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*li*": "preposition - to", "*məśanʾay*": "participle, piel, masculine, plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - those who hate me", "*ʾăšallēm*": "verb, piel imperfect, 1st person singular - I will repay" }, "variants": { "*šannôṯî*": "I sharpen/whet/polish", "*bəraq*": "lightning/glittering/flash", "*ḥarbî*": "my sword/my weapon", "*tōʾḥēz*": "takes hold/grasps/seizes", "*mišpāṭ*": "judgment/justice/righteousness", "*yāḏî*": "my hand/my power", "*ʾāšîḇ*": "I will return/render/pay back", "*nāqām*": "vengeance/retribution", "*ṣārāy*": "my adversaries/enemies/foes", "*məśanʾay*": "those who hate me/my haters", "*ʾăšallēm*": "I will repay/requite/recompense" } }
  • Josh 23:16 : 16 { "verseID": "Joshua.23.16", "source": "בְּ֠עָבְרְכֶם אֶת־בְּרִ֨ית יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶם֮ אֲשֶׁ֣ר צִוָּ֣ה אֶתְכֶם֒ וַהֲלַכְתֶּ֗ם וַעֲבַדְתֶּם֙ אֱלֹהִ֣ים אֲחֵרִ֔ים וְהִשְׁתַּחֲוִיתֶ֖ם לָהֶ֑ם וְחָרָ֤ה אַף־יְהוָה֙ בָּכֶ֔ם וַאֲבַדְתֶּ֣ם מְהֵרָ֔ה מֵעַל֙ הָאָ֣רֶץ הַטּוֹבָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֖ר נָתַ֥ן לָכֶֽם׃", "text": "In *ʿāḇrəkem* *ʾet* *bərît* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkem* which *ṣiwwâ* you and *waăhălaktem* and *waʿăḇadtem* *ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾăḥērîm* and *wəhištaḥăwîtem* to them and *wəḥārâ* *ʾap̄* *YHWH* in you and *waʾăḇadtem* *məhērâ* from over the *ʾāreṣ* the *ṭôḇâ* which *nātan* to you.", "grammar": { "*ʿāḇrəkem*": "qal infinitive construct + 2mp suffix - your transgressing", "*bərît*": "feminine singular construct - covenant of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêkem*": "masculine plural noun + 2mp suffix - your God", "*ṣiwwâ*": "piel perfect 3ms - he commanded", "*waăhălaktem*": "waw + qal perfect 2mp - and you go", "*waʿăḇadtem*": "waw + qal perfect 2mp - and you serve", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun - gods", "*ʾăḥērîm*": "masculine plural adjective - other", "*wəhištaḥăwîtem*": "waw + hishtaphel perfect 2mp - and you bow down", "*wəḥārâ*": "waw + qal perfect 3ms - and will burn", "*ʾap̄*": "masculine singular construct - anger of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*waʾăḇadtem*": "waw + qal perfect 2mp - and you will perish", "*məhērâ*": "adverb - quickly", "*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the land", "*ṭôḇâ*": "feminine singular adjective with definite article - the good", "*nātan*": "qal perfect 3ms - he gave" }, "variants": { "*ʿāḇrəkem*": "your transgressing/violating/crossing over", "*bərît*": "covenant/agreement/treaty", "*ṣiwwâ*": "commanded/ordered/instructed", "*waăhălaktem*": "and you go/walk/follow", "*waʿăḇadtem*": "and you serve/worship/work for", "*ʾĕlōhîm ʾăḥērîm*": "other gods/foreign deities", "*wəhištaḥăwîtem*": "and you bow down/prostrate yourselves/worship", "*wəḥārâ ʾap̄-YHWH*": "and the anger of YHWH will burn/YHWH's wrath will be kindled", "*waʾăḇadtem məhērâ*": "and you will perish quickly/be destroyed rapidly", "*ʾāreṣ ṭôḇâ*": "good land/pleasant country" } }
  • Deut 7:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.7.10", "source": "וּמְשַׁלֵּ֧ם לְשֹׂנְאָ֛יו אֶל־פָּנָ֖יו לְהַאֲבִיד֑וֹ לֹ֤א יְאַחֵר֙ לְשֹׂ֣נְא֔וֹ אֶל־פָּנָ֖יו יְשַׁלֶּם־לֽוֹ׃", "text": "And *məšallēm* to *śōnəʾāyw* to their *pānāyw* to *haʾăvîdô*; not *yəʾaḥēr* to *śōnəʾô*, to his *pānāyw* *yəšallem*-to him.", "grammar": { "*məšallēm*": "Piel participle masculine singular - repaying/requiting", "*śōnəʾāyw*": "Qal participle masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - those hating him", "*pānāyw*": "noun masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his face", "*haʾăvîdô*": "Hiphil infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - to destroy him", "*yəʾaḥēr*": "Piel imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will delay", "*śōnəʾô*": "Qal participle masculine singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - one hating him", "*yəšallem*": "Piel imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will repay" }, "variants": { "*məšallēm*": "repaying/requiting/recompensing", "*śōnəʾāyw*": "those hating him/his enemies/those who hate him", "*pānāyw*": "his face/his presence/before him", "*haʾăvîdô*": "to destroy him/to cause him to perish/to make him vanish", "*yəʾaḥēr*": "delay/postpone/defer", "*śōnəʾô*": "one hating him/his enemy/one who hates him", "*yəšallem*": "repay/requite/recompense" } }
  • Lev 26:29 : 29 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.29", "source": "וַאֲכַלְתֶּ֖ם בְּשַׂ֣ר בְּנֵיכֶ֑ם וּבְשַׂ֥ר בְּנֹתֵיכֶ֖ם תֹּאכֵֽלוּ׃", "text": "And *wa-ʾăḵaltem* *bəśar* *bənêḵem* and *û-ḇəśar* *bənōṯêḵem* *tōʾḵēlû*.", "grammar": { "*wa-ʾăḵaltem*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural - and you will eat", "*bəśar*": "masculine singular construct - flesh of", "*bənêḵem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your sons", "*û-ḇəśar*": "conjunction + masculine singular construct - and flesh of", "*bənōṯêḵem*": "feminine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your daughters", "*tōʾḵēlû*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - you will eat" }, "variants": { "*ʾăḵaltem*": "eat/consume/devour", "*bəśar*": "flesh/meat/body", "*bənêḵem*": "your sons/children (male)", "*bənōṯêḵem*": "your daughters/children (female)", "*tōʾḵēlû*": "eat/consume/devour" } }
  • Exod 34:6-7 : 6 { "verseID": "Exodus.34.6", "source": "וַיַּעֲבֹ֨ר יְהוָ֥ה ׀ עַל־פָּנָיו֮ וַיִּקְרָא֒ יְהוָ֣ה ׀ יְהוָ֔ה אֵ֥ל רַח֖וּם וְחַנּ֑וּן אֶ֥רֶךְ אַפַּ֖יִם וְרַב־חֶ֥סֶד וֶאֱמֶֽת ׀", "text": "And *wayyaʿăḇōr* *YHWH* upon his face and *wayyiqrāʾ* *YHWH* *YHWH* *ʾēl* *raḥûm* and *ḥannûn*, *ʾerek* *ʾappayim* and *raḇ*-*ḥesed* and *ʾĕmet*.", "grammar": { "*wayyaʿăḇōr*": "waw consecutive + imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he passed/passed by", "*wayyiqrāʾ*": "waw consecutive + imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he called/proclaimed", "*ʾēl*": "masculine singular noun - God/deity", "*raḥûm*": "adjective masculine singular - compassionate/merciful", "*ḥannûn*": "adjective masculine singular - gracious", "*ʾerek*": "construct state masculine singular - long of", "*ʾappayim*": "masculine dual noun - nostrils/anger", "*raḇ*": "adjective masculine singular construct - great/abundant of", "*ḥesed*": "masculine singular noun - steadfast love/kindness/mercy", "*ʾĕmet*": "feminine singular noun - truth/faithfulness" }, "variants": { "*wayyaʿăḇōr*": "passed by/passed over/crossed over", "*ʾēl*": "God/Mighty One/deity", "*raḥûm*": "compassionate/merciful", "*ḥannûn*": "gracious/showing favor", "*ʾerek ʾappayim*": "slow to anger/patient/longsuffering", "*ḥesed*": "steadfast love/kindness/covenant faithfulness/mercy", "*ʾĕmet*": "truth/faithfulness/reliability" } } 7 { "verseID": "Exodus.34.7", "source": "נֹצֵ֥ר חֶ֙סֶד֙ לָאֲלָפִ֔ים נֹשֵׂ֥א עָוֺ֛ן וָפֶ֖שַׁע וְחַטָּאָ֑ה וְנַקֵּה֙ לֹ֣א יְנַקֶּ֔ה פֹּקֵ֣ד ׀ עֲוֺ֣ן אָב֗וֹת עַל־בָּנִים֙ וְעַל־בְּנֵ֣י בָנִ֔ים עַל־שִׁלֵּשִׁ֖ים וְעַל־רִבֵּעִֽים׃", "text": "*nōṣēr* *ḥesed* to the *ʾălāp̄îm*, *nōśēʾ* *ʿāwōn* and *p̄ešaʿ* and *ḥaṭṭāʾāh*; and *naqēh* not *yənaqeh*, *pōqēd* *ʿăwōn* *ʾāḇôt* upon *bānîm* and upon *bənê* *ḇānîm*, upon *šillēšîm* and upon *ribbēʿîm*.", "grammar": { "*nōṣēr*": "active participle masculine singular - keeping/preserving", "*ḥesed*": "masculine singular noun - steadfast love/kindness/mercy", "*ʾălāp̄îm*": "masculine plural noun - thousands", "*nōśēʾ*": "active participle masculine singular - bearing/carrying/forgiving", "*ʿāwōn*": "masculine singular noun - iniquity/guilt", "*p̄ešaʿ*": "masculine singular noun - transgression/rebellion", "*ḥaṭṭāʾāh*": "feminine singular noun - sin/error", "*naqēh*": "infinitive absolute (Piel) - clearing/acquitting", "*yənaqeh*": "imperfect 3rd masculine singular (Piel) - he will clear/acquit", "*pōqēd*": "active participle masculine singular - visiting/reckoning", "*ʿăwōn*": "masculine singular construct - iniquity of", "*ʾāḇôt*": "masculine plural noun - fathers", "*bānîm*": "masculine plural noun - children/sons", "*bənê*": "masculine plural construct - sons of", "*šillēšîm*": "masculine plural ordinal - third (generation)", "*ribbēʿîm*": "masculine plural ordinal - fourth (generation)" }, "variants": { "*nōṣēr*": "keeping/preserving/maintaining", "*ḥesed*": "steadfast love/kindness/covenant faithfulness/mercy", "*nōśēʾ*": "bearing/carrying/forgiving/lifting", "*ʿāwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/punishment", "*p̄ešaʿ*": "transgression/rebellion/crime", "*ḥaṭṭāʾāh*": "sin/error/offense", "*naqēh lōʾ yənaqeh*": "by no means clearing the guilty/will not completely acquit", "*pōqēd*": "visiting/reckoning/punishing/attending to" } }
  • Lev 20:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Leviticus.20.5", "source": "וְשַׂמְתִּ֨י אֲנִ֧י אֶת־פָּנַ֛י בָּאִ֥ישׁ הַה֖וּא וּבְמִשְׁפַּחְתּ֑וֹ וְהִכְרַתִּ֨י אֹת֜וֹ וְאֵ֣ת ׀ כָּל־הַזֹּנִ֣ים אַחֲרָ֗יו לִזְנ֛וֹת אַחֲרֵ֥י הַמֹּ֖לֶךְ מִקֶּ֥רֶב עַמָּֽם׃", "text": "*wᵊ-śamtî* *ʾănî* *ʾet*-*pānay* in-*hā-ʾîš* *ha-hûʾ* and-in-*mišpaḥtô* *wᵊ-hikrattî* *ʾōtô* and-*ʾēt* all-*ha-zōnîm* after-him to-*liznôt* after *ha-mōlek* from-midst *ʿammām*", "grammar": { "*wᵊ-śamtî*": "conjunction + perfect, 1st singular - and I will set", "*ʾănî*": "1st singular personal pronoun - I", "*ʾet*-*pānay*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine plural with 1st singular suffix - my face", "*bā-ʾîš*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - against the man", "*ha-hûʾ*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun - that", "*û-bᵊ-mišpaḥtô*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and against his family", "*wᵊ-hikrattî*": "conjunction + perfect, 1st singular - and I will cut off", "*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine singular suffix - him", "*wᵊ-ʾēt*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*kol*-*ha-zōnîm*": "construct + definite article + participle, masculine plural - all those committing harlotry", "*ʾaḥărâw*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - after him", "*li-znôt*": "preposition + infinitive construct - to commit harlotry", "*ʾaḥărê*": "preposition - after", "*ha-mōlek*": "definite article + proper noun - Molech", "*mi-qereb*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - from midst of", "*ʿammām*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their people" }, "variants": { "*śamtî* *ʾet*-*pānay*": "set my face against/direct my attention against", "*mišpaḥtô*": "his family/his clan/his relatives", "*hikrattî*": "cut off/destroy/eliminate", "*ha-zōnîm*": "those who prostitute themselves/those who are unfaithful/those who commit harlotry", "*li-znôt*": "to commit harlotry/to be unfaithful/to prostitute themselves", "*ʿammām*": "their people/their community" } }
  • 2 Kgs 17:41 : 41 { "verseID": "2 Kings.17.41", "source": "וַיִּהְי֣וּ ׀ הַגּוֹיִ֣ם הָאֵ֗לֶּה יְרֵאִים֙ אֶת־יְהוָ֔ה וְאֶת־פְּסִֽילֵיהֶ֖ם הָי֣וּ עֹֽבְדִ֑ים גַּם־בְּנֵיהֶ֣ם ׀ וּבְנֵ֣י בְנֵיהֶ֗ם כַּאֲשֶׁ֨ר עָשׂ֤וּ אֲבֹתָם֙ הֵ֣ם עֹשִׂ֔ים עַ֖ד הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃ פ", "text": "*wə-ᵋihyû* *ha-gôyim* *ha-ʾēlleh* *yərēʾîm* *ʾet*-*YHWH* *wə-ʾet*-*pəsîlêhem* *hāyû* *ʿōḇdîm* *gam*-*bənêhem* *û-ḇnê* *ḇnêhem* *ka-ʾăšer* *ʿāśû* *ʾăḇōtām* *hēm* *ʿōśîm* *ʿad* *ha-yôm* *ha-zeh*", "grammar": { "*wə-ᵋihyû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd person plural - and they were/became", "*ha-gôyim*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the nations", "*ha-ʾēlleh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun, plural - these", "*yərēʾîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - fearing", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - personal name of God", "*wə-ʾet*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*pəsîlêhem*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their carved images/idols", "*hāyû*": "qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they were", "*ʿōḇdîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - serving/worshiping", "*gam*": "adverb - also", "*bənêhem*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their sons", "*û-ḇnê*": "conjunction + masculine construct plural - and sons of", "*ḇnêhem*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their sons", "*ka-ʾăšer*": "preposition + relative particle - just as/according to what", "*ʿāśû*": "qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they did", "*ʾăḇōtām*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their fathers", "*hēm*": "3rd person masculine plural pronoun - they", "*ʿōśîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - doing", "*ʿad*": "preposition - until", "*ha-yôm*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the day", "*ha-zeh*": "definite article + demonstrative adjective, masculine singular - this" }, "variants": { "*gôyim*": "nations/gentiles/peoples", "*yərēʾîm*": "fearing/revering/worshiping", "*pəsîlêhem*": "their carved images/their idols/their graven images", "*ʿōḇdîm*": "serving/worshiping/working for", "*ʿāśû*": "did/made/performed", "*ʾăḇōtām*": "their fathers/ancestors/forefathers", "*ʿōśîm*": "doing/making/practicing" } }
  • 2 Chr 25:14 : 14 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.25.14", "source": "וַיְהִ֗י אַחֲרֵ֨י ב֤וֹא אֲמַצְיָ֙הוּ֙ מֵֽהַכּ֣וֹת אֶת־אֲדוֹמִ֔ים וַיָּבֵ֗א אֶת־אֱלֹהֵי֙ בְּנֵ֣י שֵׂעִ֔יר וַיַּֽעֲמִידֵ֥ם ל֖וֹ לֵאלֹהִ֑ים וְלִפְנֵיהֶ֥ם יִֽשְׁתַּחֲוֶ֖ה וְלָהֶ֥ם יְקַטֵּֽר׃", "text": "And *wa-yəhî* after *bôʾ* *ʾămaṣyāhû* from *hakkôt* *ʾet*-*ʾădômîm*, and *wa-yābēʾ* *ʾet*-*ʾĕlōhê* *bənê* *śēʿîr*, and *wa-yaʿămîdēm* to-him for-*lēʾlōhîm*, and before-them *yištaḥăweh* and to-them *yəqaṭṭēr*.", "grammar": { "*wa-yəhî*": "waw-consecutive with imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it came to pass/happened", "*bôʾ*": "infinitive construct - coming/arrival of", "*ʾămaṣyāhû*": "proper noun, masculine - Amaziah", "*hakkôt*": "hiphil infinitive construct with prefixed definite article - the striking/defeating of", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾădômîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - Edomites", "*wa-yābēʾ*": "waw-consecutive with hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he brought", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - gods of", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of/people of", "*śēʿîr*": "proper noun - Seir", "*wa-yaʿămîdēm*": "waw-consecutive with hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - and he set them up", "*lēʾlōhîm*": "preposition lamed with noun, masculine plural - for gods", "*yištaḥăweh*": "hitpael imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he would bow down/worship", "*yəqaṭṭēr*": "piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he would burn incense" }, "variants": { "*ʾĕlōhê*": "gods/deities/idols of", "*śēʿîr*": "Seir (mountainous region of Edom)", "*yištaḥăweh*": "worship/prostrate/bow down", "*yəqaṭṭēr*": "burn incense/make offerings/sacrifice" } }
  • Judg 2:19 : 19 { "verseID": "Judges.2.19", "source": "וְהָיָ֣ה ׀ בְּמ֣וֹת הַשּׁוֹפֵ֗ט יָשֻׁ֙בוּ֙ וְהִשְׁחִ֣יתוּ מֵֽאֲבוֹתָ֔ם לָלֶ֗כֶת אַֽחֲרֵי֙ אֱלֹהִ֣ים אֲחֵרִ֔ים לְעָבְדָ֖ם וּלְהִשְׁתַּחֲוֺ֣ת לָהֶ֑ם לֹ֤א הִפִּ֙ילוּ֙ מִמַּ֣עַלְלֵיהֶ֔ם וּמִדַּרְכָּ֖ם הַקָּשָֽׁה׃", "text": "And-*wəhāyāh* in-*bəmôt* the-*šôp̄ēṭ* *yāšuḇû* and-*wəhišḥîtû* more-than-*ʾăḇôtām* to-*lāleḵet* after *ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾăḥērîm* to-*ləʿāḇəḏām* and-to-*ləhištaḥăwōt* to-them not *hippîlû* from-*maʿaləlêhem* and-from-*darkām* the-*qaššāh*", "grammar": { "*wəhāyāh*": "waw-consecutive + qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it happened", "*bəmôt*": "qal infinitive construct - in the death of", "*šôp̄ēṭ*": "qal participle, masculine singular with definite article - the judge", "*yāšuḇû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they returned", "*wəhišḥîtû*": "waw-consecutive + hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they acted corruptly", "*ʾăḇôtām*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their fathers", "*lāleḵet*": "qal infinitive construct with preposition ל - to walk", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun - gods", "*ʾăḥērîm*": "masculine plural adjective - other", "*ləʿāḇəḏām*": "qal infinitive construct with preposition ל + 3rd masculine plural suffix - to serve them", "*ləhištaḥăwōt*": "hishtaphel infinitive construct with preposition ל - to bow down", "*hippîlû*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine plural - they dropped", "*maʿaləlêhem*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their deeds", "*darkām*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their way", "*qaššāh*": "feminine singular adjective with definite article - the stubborn" }, "variants": { "*wəhāyāh*": "it happened/came to pass", "*bəmôt*": "in the death of/when died", "*šôp̄ēṭ*": "judge/ruler", "*yāšuḇû*": "they returned/turned back/reverted", "*wəhišḥîtû*": "they acted corruptly/behaved worse/were more corrupt", "*ʾăḇôtām*": "their fathers/ancestors", "*lāleḵet*": "to walk/follow/go", "*ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾăḥērîm*": "other gods/foreign deities", "*ləʿāḇəḏām*": "to serve them/worship them", "*ləhištaḥăwōt*": "to bow down/prostrate themselves/worship", "*hippîlû*": "they dropped/abandoned/let fall", "*maʿaləlêhem*": "their deeds/practices/actions", "*darkām*": "their way/path/conduct", "*qaššāh*": "stubborn/hard/obstinate" } }
  • 1 Sam 15:2-3 : 2 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.15.2", "source": "כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֔וֹת פָּקַ֕דְתִּי אֵ֛ת אֲשֶׁר־עָשָׂ֥ה עֲמָלֵ֖ק לְיִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל אֲשֶׁר־שָׂ֥ם לוֹ֙ בַּדֶּ֔רֶךְ בַּעֲלֹת֖וֹ מִמִּצְרָֽיִם׃", "text": "Thus *kōh* *ʾāmar* *YHWH* *ṣəḇāʾôṯ*, *pāqaḏtî* *ʾēṯ* that *ʾăšer*-*ʿāśâ* *ʿămālēq* to *yiśrāʾēl*, that *ʾăšer*-*śām* to *lô* in *baderrek* in *baʿălōṯô* from *mimmiṣrāyim*.", "grammar": { "*kōh*": "adverb - thus/so", "*ʾāmar*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/the LORD", "*ṣəḇāʾôṯ*": "noun, masculine plural - hosts/armies", "*pāqaḏtî*": "Qal perfect, 1st person singular - I have taken account of/visited/remembered", "*ʾēṯ*": "direct object marker", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*ʿāśâ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - did/made", "*ʿămālēq*": "proper noun - Amalek", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*śām*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - set/placed", "*lô*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - to/for him", "*baderrek*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in the way/road", "*baʿălōṯô*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - in his going up", "*mimmiṣrāyim*": "preposition + proper noun - from Egypt" }, "variants": { "*pāqaḏtî*": "I have taken account of/visited/remembered/punished", "*ʿāśâ*": "did/made/performed", "*śām*": "set/placed/laid" } } 3 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.15.3", "source": "עַתָּה֩ לֵ֨ךְ וְהִכִּֽיתָ֜ה אֶת־עֲמָלֵ֗ק וְהַֽחֲרַמְתֶּם֙ אֶת־כָּל־אֲשֶׁר־ל֔וֹ וְלֹ֥א תַחְמֹ֖ל עָלָ֑יו וְהֵמַתָּ֞ה מֵאִ֣ישׁ עַד־אִשָּׁ֗ה מֵֽעֹלֵל֙ וְעַד־יוֹנֵ֔ק מִשּׁ֣וֹר וְעַד־שֶׂ֔ה מִגָּמָ֖ל וְעַד־חֲמֽוֹר׃ ס", "text": "Now *ʿattâ* *lēk* and *wəhikkîṯâ* *ʾeṯ*-*ʿămālēq* and *wəhaḥăramtem* *ʾeṯ*-all-*ʾăšer*-to *lô* and not *lōʾ* *ṯaḥmōl* upon *ʿālāyw*; and *wəhēmattâ* from *mēʾîš* until *ʿaḏ*-*ʾiššâ*, from *mēʿōlēl* until *ʿaḏ*-*yônēq*, from *miššôr* until *ʿaḏ*-*śeh*, from *miggāmāl* until *ʿaḏ*-*ḥămôr*.", "grammar": { "*ʿattâ*": "adverb - now", "*lēk*": "Qal imperative, masculine singular - go", "*wəhikkîṯâ*": "waw consecutive + Hiphil perfect, 2nd masculine singular - and you shall strike", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*ʿămālēq*": "proper noun - Amalek", "*wəhaḥăramtem*": "waw consecutive + Hiphil perfect, 2nd masculine plural - and you shall utterly destroy/devote to destruction", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*lô*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - to/for him", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ṯaḥmōl*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall spare", "*ʿālāyw*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - upon him", "*wəhēmattâ*": "waw consecutive + Hiphil perfect, 2nd masculine singular - and you shall kill", "*mēʾîš*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - from man", "*ʿaḏ*": "preposition - until", "*ʾiššâ*": "noun, feminine singular - woman", "*mēʿōlēl*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - from infant", "*yônēq*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - suckling/nursing", "*miššôr*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - from ox", "*śeh*": "noun, common singular - sheep/lamb", "*miggāmāl*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - from camel", "*ḥămôr*": "noun, masculine singular - donkey" }, "variants": { "*lēk*": "go/walk/proceed", "*wəhikkîṯâ*": "and you shall strike/attack/defeat", "*wəhaḥăramtem*": "and you shall utterly destroy/devote to destruction/place under ban", "*ṯaḥmōl*": "spare/have compassion on", "*wəhēmattâ*": "and you shall kill/put to death", "*ʿōlēl*": "infant/child", "*yônēq*": "suckling/nursing infant" } }
  • Job 21:19 : 19 { "verseID": "Job.21.19", "source": "אֱל֗וֹהַּ יִצְפֹּן־לְבָנָ֥יו אוֹנ֑וֹ יְשַׁלֵּ֖ם אֵלָ֣יו וְיֵדָֽע׃", "text": "*ʾĕlôah yiṣpōn-lə-bānāyw ʾônô yəšallēm ʾēlāyw wə-yēdāʿ*", "grammar": { "*ʾĕlôah*": "noun masculine singular - God", "*yiṣpōn*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he stores up", "*lə-bānāyw*": "preposition + noun masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - for his sons/children", "*ʾônô*": "noun masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his iniquity", "*yəšallēm*": "Piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he repays", "*ʾēlāyw*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to him", "*wə-yēdāʿ*": "conjunctive waw + Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he knows" }, "variants": { "*ʾĕlôah*": "God/deity", "*ṣāpan*": "to hide/store up/treasure", "*bēn*": "son/child", "*ʾāwen*": "iniquity/trouble/sorrow", "*šālam*": "to be complete/repay/reward", "*yādaʿ*": "to know/understand" } }
  • Ps 78:58 : 58 { "verseID": "Psalms.78.58", "source": "וַיַּכְעִיס֥וּהוּ בְּבָמוֹתָ֑ם וּ֝בִפְסִילֵיהֶ֗ם יַקְנִיאֽוּהוּ׃", "text": "*wə-yaḵʿîsûhû* in *bāmôṯām* *û-ḇipsîlêhem* *yaqnîʾûhû*", "grammar": { "*wə-yaḵʿîsûhû*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine plural with waw consecutive + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and they provoked him to anger", "*bāmôṯām*": "in their high places - preposition + feminine plural noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix", "*û-ḇipsîlêhem*": "and with their carved images - conjunction + preposition + masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix", "*yaqnîʾûhû*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - they made him jealous" }, "variants": { "*wə-yaḵʿîsûhû*": "provoked him to anger/vexed him/made him indignant", "*bāmôṯām*": "high places/cult platforms/sacred heights", "*pəsîlêhem*": "carved images/idols/graven images", "*yaqnîʾûhû*": "made him jealous/moved him to jealousy/provoked his zeal" } }
  • Prov 6:34-35 : 34 { "verseID": "Proverbs.6.34", "source": "כִּֽי־קִנְאָ֥ה חֲמַת־גָּ֑בֶר וְלֹֽא־יַ֝חְמ֗וֹל בְּי֣וֹם נָקָֽם׃", "text": "For-*qinʾāh* *ḥămat*-*gāver* and-not-*yaḥmōl* in-*yôm* *nāqām*", "grammar": { "*qinʾāh*": "noun, feminine singular - jealousy", "*ḥămat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - fury/wrath of", "*gāver*": "noun, masculine singular - man", "*yaḥmōl*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he will spare/have compassion", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular - day", "*nāqām*": "noun, masculine singular - vengeance" }, "variants": { "*qinʾāh*": "jealousy/zeal", "*ḥămat*": "fury/wrath/rage", "*yaḥmōl*": "will spare/will have compassion/will pity", "*nāqām*": "vengeance/revenge" } } 35 { "verseID": "Proverbs.6.35", "source": "לֹא־יִ֭שָּׂא פְּנֵ֣י כָל־כֹּ֑פֶר וְלֹֽא־יֹ֝אבֶ֗ה כִּ֣י תַרְבֶּה־שֹֽׁחַד׃ פ", "text": "Not-*yiśśāʾ* *pənê* any-*kōper* and-not-*yōʾveh* though *tarbeh*-*šōḥad*", "grammar": { "*yiśśāʾ*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he will accept/lift up", "*pənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - face of", "*kōper*": "noun, masculine singular - ransom/bribe", "*yōʾveh*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he will be willing/consent", "*tarbeh*": "verb, hiphil imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you increase/multiply", "*šōḥad*": "noun, masculine singular - gift/present/bribe" }, "variants": { "*yiśśāʾ* *pənê*": "will accept/will show favor to/will regard", "*kōper*": "ransom/bribe/payment", "*yōʾveh*": "will be willing/will consent/will agree", "*tarbeh*": "increase/multiply/make great", "*šōḥad*": "gift/present/bribe" } }
  • Prov 8:36 : 36 { "verseID": "Proverbs.8.36", "source": "וְֽ֭חֹטְאִי חֹמֵ֣ס נַפְשׁ֑וֹ כָּל־מְ֝שַׂנְאַ֗י אָ֣הֲבוּ מָֽוֶת׃ פ", "text": "And-*ḥōṭᵊʾî ḥōmēs napšô*, all-*mᵊśanʾay ʾāhăbû māwet*", "grammar": { "*ḥōṭᵊʾî*": "qal participle masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - one who sins against me", "*ḥōmēs*": "qal participle masculine singular - injuring/violating", "*napšô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his soul", "*mᵊśanʾay*": "piel participle masculine plural with 1st person singular suffix - those who hate me", "*ʾāhăbû*": "qal perfect 3rd person common plural - they love", "*māwet*": "masculine singular noun - death" }, "variants": { "*ḥōṭᵊʾî*": "one who sins against me/one who misses me", "*ḥōmēs*": "injuring/violating/wronging", "*napšô*": "his soul/self/life/being", "*mᵊśanʾay*": "those who hate me/my haters", "*ʾāhăbû*": "they love/cherish/prefer", "*māwet*": "death/dying/realm of death" } }
  • Matt 4:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Matthew.4.9", "source": "Καὶ λέγει αὐτῷ, Ταῦτά πάντα σοι δώσω, ἐὰν πεσὼν προσκυνήσῃς μοι.", "text": "And *legei autō*, *Tauta panta soi dōsō*, if *pesōn proskunēsēs moi*.", "grammar": { "*legei*": "present active, 3rd singular - says/is saying", "*autō*": "dative, masculine, singular - to him", "*Tauta*": "demonstrative pronoun, accusative, neuter, plural - these things", "*panta*": "accusative, neuter, plural - all", "*soi*": "dative, singular - to you", "*dōsō*": "future active, 1st singular - I will give", "*pesōn*": "aorist active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having fallen", "*proskunēsēs*": "aorist active subjunctive, 2nd singular - you might worship/bow down", "*moi*": "dative, singular - to me" }, "variants": { "*legei*": "says/is saying/tells [historical present]", "*Tauta panta*": "all these things/all of this", "*dōsō*": "I will give/I will grant", "*pesōn*": "having fallen/falling down/prostrating", "*proskunēsēs*": "you might worship/you might bow down/you might pay homage" } }
  • Matt 23:34-36 : 34 { "verseID": "Matthew.23.34", "source": "¶Διὰ τοῦτο, ἰδού, ἐγὼ ἀποστέλλω πρὸς ὑμᾶς προφήτας, καὶ σοφοὺς, καὶ γραμματεῖς: καὶ ἐξ αὐτῶν ἀποκτενεῖτε καὶ σταυρώσετε· καὶ ἐξ αὐτῶν μαστιγώσετε ἐν ταῖς συναγωγαῖς ὑμῶν, καὶ διώξετε ἀπὸ πόλεως εἰς πόλιν:", "text": "Because-of this, *idou*, I *apostellō* *pros* you *prophētas*, and *sophous*, and *grammateis*: and from them *apokteneite* and *staurōsete*; and from them *mastigōsete* in the *synagōgais* of-you, and *diōxete* from *poleōs* to *polin*:", "grammar": { "*Dia touto*": "prepositional phrase - because of this/therefore", "*idou*": "interjection - behold/look", "*egō*": "nominative, singular - I (emphatic, subject)", "*apostellō*": "present, active, indicative, 1st person singular - I send", "*pros*": "preposition with accusative - to/toward", "*hymas*": "accusative, plural - you (direct object)", "*prophētas*": "accusative, masculine, plural - prophets", "*sophous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - wise ones", "*grammateis*": "accusative, masculine, plural - scribes", "*ex autōn*": "partitive genitive - some of them", "*apokteneite*": "future, active, indicative, 2nd person plural - you will kill", "*staurōsete*": "future, active, indicative, 2nd person plural - you will crucify", "*mastigōsete*": "future, active, indicative, 2nd person plural - you will flog/whip", "*synagōgais*": "dative, feminine, plural - in synagogues", "*hymōn*": "genitive, plural - of you", "*diōxete*": "future, active, indicative, 2nd person plural - you will persecute", "*apo*": "preposition with genitive - from", "*poleōs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - city", "*eis*": "preposition with accusative - to/into", "*polin*": "accusative, feminine, singular - city" }, "variants": { "*idou*": "behold/look/see", "*apostellō*": "send/send out/commission", "*prophētas*": "prophets/those who speak for God", "*sophous*": "wise ones/sages/scholars", "*grammateis*": "scribes/scholars/teachers of law", "*apokteneite*": "will kill/put to death", "*staurōsete*": "will crucify/execute on cross", "*mastigōsete*": "will flog/whip/scourge", "*synagōgais*": "synagogues/assemblies/meeting places", "*diōxete*": "will persecute/pursue/chase", "*poleōs*": "city/town", "*polin*": "city/town" } } 35 { "verseID": "Matthew.23.35", "source": "Ὅπως ἔλθῃ ἐφʼ ὑμᾶς πᾶν αἷμα δίκαιον ἐκχυνόμενον ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς, ἀπὸ τοῦ αἵματος Ἄβελ τοῦ δικαίου ἕως τοῦ αἵματος Ζαχαρίου υἱοῦ Βαραχίου, ὃν ἐφονεύσατε μεταξὺ τοῦ ναοῦ καὶ τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου.", "text": "*Hopōs elthē* upon you all *haima* *dikaion* *ekchynomenon* upon the *gēs*, from the *haimatos* *Abel* the *dikaiou* until the *haimatos* *Zachariou* *huiou* *Barachiou*, whom *ephoneusate* between the *naou* and the *thysiastēriou*.", "grammar": { "*Hopōs*": "conjunction - so that/in order that", "*elthē*": "aorist, active, subjunctive, 3rd person singular - might come", "*eph' hymas*": "preposition with accusative - upon you", "*pan*": "nominative, neuter, singular - all", "*haima*": "nominative, neuter, singular - blood", "*dikaion*": "nominative, neuter, singular - righteous/innocent", "*ekchynomenon*": "present, passive, participle, nominative, neuter, singular - being shed/poured out", "*epi*": "preposition with genitive - upon/on", "*gēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - earth/land", "*apo*": "preposition with genitive - from", "*haimatos*": "genitive, neuter, singular - blood", "*Abel*": "genitive - Abel (proper name)", "*dikaiou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - righteous", "*heōs*": "preposition - until/as far as", "*haimatos*": "genitive, neuter, singular - blood", "*Zachariou*": "genitive - Zechariah (proper name)", "*huiou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - son", "*Barachiou*": "genitive - Barachiah (proper name)", "*hon*": "accusative, masculine, singular, relative pronoun - whom", "*ephoneusate*": "aorist, active, indicative, 2nd person plural - you murdered", "*metaxy*": "preposition with genitive - between", "*naou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - temple/sanctuary", "*thysiastēriou*": "genitive, neuter, singular - altar" }, "variants": { "*elthē*": "might come/fall upon/be charged to", "*haima*": "blood/bloodshed/blood-guilt", "*dikaion*": "righteous/innocent/just", "*ekchynomenon*": "being shed/poured out/spilled", "*gēs*": "earth/land/ground", "*haimatos*": "blood/bloodshed", "*dikaiou*": "righteous/innocent/just", "*huiou*": "son/descendant", "*ephoneusate*": "murdered/killed/slaughtered", "*naou*": "temple/sanctuary/shrine", "*thysiastēriou*": "altar/place of sacrifice" } } 36 { "verseID": "Matthew.23.36", "source": "Ἀμὴν λέγω ὑμῖν, Ἥξει ταῦτα πάντα ἐπὶ τὴν γενεὰν ταύτην.", "text": "*Amēn* *legō* to-you, *Hēxei* these all upon the *genean* this.", "grammar": { "*Amēn*": "Hebrew term - truly/verily/amen", "*legō*": "present, active, indicative, 1st person singular - I say/tell", "*hymin*": "dative, plural - to you (indirect object)", "*Hēxei*": "future, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - will come", "*tauta*": "nominative, neuter, plural - these things", "*panta*": "nominative, neuter, plural - all", "*epi*": "preposition with accusative - upon/on", "*genean*": "accusative, feminine, singular - generation", "*tautēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - this" }, "variants": { "*Amēn*": "truly/verily/certainly", "*legō*": "say/tell/speak", "*Hēxei*": "will come/will arrive/will be upon", "*genean*": "generation/contemporaries/age" } }
  • Rom 8:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Romans.8.7", "source": "Διότι τὸ φρόνημα τῆς σαρκὸς ἔχθρα εἰς Θεόν: τῷ γὰρ νόμῳ τοῦ Θεοῦ οὐχ ὑποτάσσεται, οὐδὲ γὰρ δύναται.", "text": "*Dioti* the *phronēma* of the *sarkos* *echthra* *eis Theon*: the for *nomō* of the *Theou* *ouch hypotassetai*, *oude* for *dynatai*.", "grammar": { "*Dioti*": "conjunction - because/for", "*phronēma*": "nominative neuter singular - mindset/way of thinking", "*sarkos*": "genitive feminine singular - flesh", "*echthra*": "nominative feminine singular - enmity/hostility", "*eis*": "preposition with accusative - toward/against", "*Theon*": "accusative masculine singular - God", "*nomō*": "dative masculine singular - law", "*Theou*": "genitive masculine singular - God", "*ouch*": "negative particle - not", "*hypotassetai*": "present passive indicative 3rd person singular - is subjected/submits", "*oude*": "negative conjunction - neither/nor/not even", "*dynatai*": "present middle/passive indicative 3rd person singular - is able/can" }, "variants": { "*Dioti*": "because/for the reason that", "*phronēma*": "mindset/way of thinking/mentality/attitude", "*echthra*": "enmity/hostility/hatred", "*hypotassetai*": "is subjected to/submits to/is under the authority of", "*dynatai*": "is able/can/has the capability" } }
  • 1 Cor 10:22 : 22 { "verseID": "1 Corinthians.10.22", "source": "Ἢ παραζηλοῦμεν τὸν Κύριον; μὴ ἰσχυρότεροι αὐτοῦ ἐσμεν;", "text": "Or do we *parazēloumen* the *Kyrion*? not *ischyroteroi* than him *esmen*?", "grammar": { "*parazēloumen*": "present indicative, 1st person plural - we provoke to jealousy", "*Kyrion*": "accusative, masculine, singular - Lord", "*ischyroteroi*": "nominative, masculine, plural, comparative - stronger", "*esmen*": "present indicative, 1st person plural - we are" }, "variants": { "*parazēloumen*": "provoke to jealousy/make jealous/arouse jealousy", "*Kyrion*": "Lord/master", "*ischyroteroi*": "stronger/mightier/more powerful" } }
  • Ezek 8:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.8.3", "source": "וַיִּשְׁלַח֙ תַּבְנִ֣ית יָ֔ד וַיִּקָּחֵ֖נִי בְּצִיצִ֣ת רֹאשִׁ֑י וַתִּשָּׂ֣א אֹתִ֣י ר֣וּחַ ׀ בֵּֽין־הָאָ֣רֶץ וּבֵ֣ין הַשָּׁמַ֡יִם וַתָּבֵא֩ אֹתִ֨י יְרוּשָׁלְַ֜מָה בְּמַרְא֣וֹת אֱלֹהִ֗ים אֶל־פֶּ֜תַח שַׁ֤עַר הַפְּנִימִית֙ הַפּוֹנֶ֣ה צָפ֔וֹנָה אֲשֶׁר־שָׁ֣ם מוֹשַׁ֔ב סֵ֖מֶל הַקִּנְאָ֥ה הַמַּקְנֶֽה׃", "text": "And *wayyišlaḥ* *tabnît* *yād* and *wayyiqqāḥēnî* in *ṣîṣit* *rōʾšî*; and *wattissāʾ* *ʾōtî* *rûaḥ* between the *ʾāreṣ* and between the *šāmayim* and *wattābēʾ* *ʾōtî* *yərûšālmâ* in *marʾôt* *ʾĕlōhîm* to *petaḥ* *šaʿar* the *pənîmît* the *pôneh* *ṣāpônâ*, which there *môšab* *sēmel* the *qinʾâ* the *maqneh*.", "grammar": { "*wayyišlaḥ*": "waw-consecutive with 3rd masculine singular qal imperfect - and he sent forth", "*tabnît*": "feminine singular construct noun - form/structure of", "*yād*": "feminine singular noun - hand", "*wayyiqqāḥēnî*": "waw-consecutive with 3rd masculine singular qal imperfect + 1st singular suffix - and he took me", "*ṣîṣit*": "feminine singular construct noun - lock/forelock of", "*rōʾšî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st singular suffix - my head", "*wattissāʾ*": "waw-consecutive with 3rd feminine singular qal imperfect - and it lifted", "*ʾōtî*": "direct object marker with 1st singular suffix - me", "*rûaḥ*": "feminine singular noun - spirit/wind", "*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the earth/land", "*šāmayim*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the heavens", "*wattābēʾ*": "waw-consecutive with 3rd feminine singular hiphil imperfect - and it brought", "*yərûšālmâ*": "proper noun with directional heh - to Jerusalem", "*marʾôt*": "feminine plural construct noun - visions of", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun - God/gods", "*petaḥ*": "masculine singular construct noun - entrance of", "*šaʿar*": "masculine singular construct noun - gate of", "*pənîmît*": "feminine singular adjective with definite article - the inner", "*pôneh*": "masculine singular qal participle with definite article - the facing", "*ṣāpônâ*": "feminine singular noun with directional heh - northward", "*môšab*": "masculine singular construct noun - seat/dwelling of", "*sēmel*": "masculine singular construct noun - image/statue of", "*qinʾâ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the jealousy", "*maqneh*": "hiphil participle with definite article - the provoking" }, "variants": { "*tabnît*": "form/structure/likeness/pattern", "*ṣîṣit*": "lock/forelock/tuft of hair", "*rûaḥ*": "spirit/wind/breath", "*marʾôt*": "visions/appearances", "*sēmel*": "image/statue/idol", "*qinʾâ*": "jealousy/zeal/envy", "*maqneh*": "provoking to jealousy/causing zeal/enraging" } }
  • Dan 1:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Daniel.1.2", "source": "וַיִּתֵּן֩ אֲדֹנָ֨י בְּיָד֜וֹ אֶת־יְהוֹיָקִ֣ים מֶֽלֶךְ־יְהוּדָ֗ה וּמִקְצָת֙ כְּלֵ֣י בֵית־הָֽאֱלֹהִ֔ים וַיְבִיאֵ֥ם אֶֽרֶץ־שִׁנְעָ֖ר בֵּ֣ית אֱלֹהָ֑יו וְאֶת־הַכֵּלִ֣ים הֵבִ֔יא בֵּ֖ית אוֹצַ֥ר אֱלֹהָֽיו׃", "text": "*wayyitten* *ʾĂdhōnāy* in-*yādhô* *ʾeth*-*Yəhôyāqîm* *melekh*-*Yəhûdāh* *ûmiqqətsāth* *kəlê* *bêth*-*hāʾĕlōhîm* *wayəbhîʾēm* *ʾerets*-*Shinʿār* *bêth* *ʾĕlōhāyw* *wəʾeth*-*hakkēlîm* *hēbhîʾ* *bêth* *ʾôtsar* *ʾĕlōhāyw*", "grammar": { "*wayyitten*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he gave", "*ʾĂdhōnāy*": "divine title/epithet - Lord", "*yādhô*": "noun feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his hand", "*ʾeth*": "direct object marker", "*Yəhôyāqîm*": "proper noun, masculine singular", "*melekh*": "construct masculine singular - king of", "*Yəhûdāh*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Judah", "*ûmiqqətsāth*": "conjunction + preposition + noun feminine singular construct - and from part of", "*kəlê*": "noun masculine plural construct - vessels of", "*bêth*": "noun masculine singular construct - house of", "*hāʾĕlōhîm*": "definite article + noun masculine plural - the God", "*wayəbhîʾēm*": "hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - and he brought them", "*ʾerets*": "noun feminine singular construct - land of", "*Shinʿār*": "proper noun - Shinar", "*bêth*": "noun masculine singular construct - house of", "*ʾĕlōhāyw*": "noun masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his gods", "*wəʾeth*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*hakkēlîm*": "definite article + noun masculine plural - the vessels", "*hēbhîʾ*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he brought", "*bêth*": "noun masculine singular construct - house of", "*ʾôtsar*": "noun masculine singular construct - treasury of", "*ʾĕlōhāyw*": "noun masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his gods" }, "variants": { "*wayyitten*": "gave/delivered/handed over", "*ʾĂdhōnāy*": "Lord/master/sovereign", "*ûmiqqətsāth*": "and some of/and part of/and from the end of", "*kəlê*": "vessels/utensils/articles", "*hāʾĕlōhîm*": "the God/the gods (plural form with singular meaning in Hebrew)", "*wayəbhîʾēm*": "and he brought them/and he carried them", "*Shinʿār*": "Shinar/Babylonia", "*ʾĕlōhāyw*": "his gods/his God", "*ʾôtsar*": "treasury/storehouse" } }

Similar Verses (AI)

These verses are found using AI-powered semantic similarity based on meaning and context. Results may occasionally include unexpected connections.

  • Deut 5:6-11
    6 verses
    98%

    6 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.5.6", "source": "אָֽנֹכִי֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ אֲשֶׁ֧ר הוֹצֵאתִ֛יךָ מֵאֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרַ֖יִם מִבֵּ֣֥ית עֲבָדִ֑͏ֽים", "text": "*ʾānōkî* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā* who *hôṣēʾtîkā* from-*ʾereṣ* *Miṣrayim* from-*bêt* *ʿăbādîm*", "grammar": { "*ʾānōkî*": "personal pronoun 1cs - I", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "common noun, masculine plural construct + 2ms suffix - your God", "*hôṣēʾtîkā*": "Hiphil perfect 1cs + 2ms suffix - I brought you out", "*ʾereṣ*": "common noun, feminine singular construct - land of", "*Miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*bêt*": "common noun, masculine singular construct - house of", "*ʿăbādîm*": "common noun, masculine plural - slaves/servants" }, "variants": { "*hôṣēʾtîkā*": "I brought you out/I led you out/I delivered you", "*ʾereṣ*": "land/country/territory", "*bêt*": "house/place/dwelling", "*ʿăbādîm*": "slaves/servants/bondage" } }

    7 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.5.7", "source": "לֹ֣א יִהְיֶ֥ה־לְךָ֛֩ אֱלֹהִ֥֨ים אֲחֵרִ֖֜ים עַל־פָּנָֽ͏ַ֗י", "text": "Not *yihyeh*-to-you *ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾăḥērîm* on-*pānāy*", "grammar": { "*yihyeh*": "Qal imperfect 3ms - there will be", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "common noun, masculine plural - gods", "*ʾăḥērîm*": "adjective masculine plural - other", "*pānāy*": "common noun, masculine plural construct + 1cs suffix - my face" }, "variants": { "*yihyeh*": "there will be/shall be/exist", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "gods/deities/divine beings", "*ʾăḥērîm*": "other/different/foreign", "*pānāy*": "my face/my presence/before me" } }

    8 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.5.8", "source": "לֹֽ֣א־תַעֲשֶֽׂ֙‪[t]‬ה־לְךָ֥֣ פֶ֣֙סֶל֙ ׀ כָּל־תְּמוּנָ֔֡ה אֲשֶׁ֤֣ר בַּשָּׁמַ֣֙יִם֙ ׀ מִמַּ֔֡עַל וַאֲשֶׁ֥ר֩ בָּאָ֖֨רֶץ מִתָּ֑֜חַת וַאֲשֶׁ֥ר בַּמַּ֖֣יִם ׀ מִתַּ֥֣חַת לָאָֽ֗רֶץ", "text": "Not-*taʿăśeh*-to-you *pesel* any-*təmûnāh* which in-the-*šāmayim* from-above and-which in-the-*ʾāreṣ* from-beneath and-which in-the-*mayim* from-beneath to-the-*ʾāreṣ*", "grammar": { "*taʿăśeh*": "Qal imperfect 2ms - you shall make", "*pesel*": "common noun, masculine singular - carved image/idol", "*təmûnāh*": "common noun, feminine singular - form/likeness", "*šāmayim*": "common noun, masculine plural - heavens", "*ʾāreṣ*": "common noun, feminine singular - earth/land", "*mayim*": "common noun, masculine plural - waters" }, "variants": { "*taʿăśeh*": "you shall make/you shall create/you shall fashion", "*pesel*": "carved image/idol/statue", "*təmûnāh*": "form/likeness/representation", "*šāmayim*": "heavens/sky/firmament", "*ʾāreṣ*": "earth/land/ground" } }

    9 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.5.9", "source": "לֹא־תִשְׁתַּחֲוֶ֥֣ה לָהֶ֖ם֮ וְלֹ֣א תָעָבְדֵ֑ם֒ כִּ֣י אָנֹכִ֞י יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֙יךָ֙ אֵ֣ל קַנָּ֔א פֹּ֠קֵד עֲוֺ֨ן אָב֧וֹת עַל־בָּנִ֛ים וְעַל־שִׁלֵּשִׁ֥ים וְעַל־רִבֵּעִ֖ים לְשֹׂנְאָֽ֑י", "text": "Not-*tištaḥăweh* to-them and-not *tāʿobdēm* *kî* *ʾānōkî* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā* *ʾēl* *qannāʾ* *pōqēd* *ʿăwōn* *ʾābôt* upon-*bānîm* and-upon-*šillēšîm* and-upon-*ribbēʿîm* to-*śōnəʾāy*", "grammar": { "*tištaḥăweh*": "Hishtaphel imperfect 2ms - you shall bow down", "*tāʿobdēm*": "Qal imperfect 2ms + 3mp suffix - you shall serve them", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʾānōkî*": "personal pronoun 1cs - I", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "common noun, masculine plural construct + 2ms suffix - your God", "*ʾēl*": "common noun, masculine singular - God/deity", "*qannāʾ*": "adjective masculine singular - jealous", "*pōqēd*": "Qal participle masculine singular - visiting", "*ʿăwōn*": "common noun, masculine singular construct - iniquity of", "*ʾābôt*": "common noun, masculine plural - fathers", "*bānîm*": "common noun, masculine plural - children/sons", "*šillēšîm*": "common noun, masculine plural - third generation", "*ribbēʿîm*": "common noun, masculine plural - fourth generation", "*śōnəʾāy*": "Qal participle masculine plural construct + 1cs suffix - those hating me" }, "variants": { "*tištaḥăweh*": "you shall bow down/you shall prostrate yourself/you shall worship", "*tāʿobdēm*": "you shall serve them/you shall worship them/you shall be enslaved to them", "*ʾēl*": "God/deity/divine being", "*qannāʾ*": "jealous/zealous/passionate", "*pōqēd*": "visiting/punishing/attending to", "*ʿăwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/punishment", "*śōnəʾāy*": "those hating me/my enemies/those rejecting me" } }

    10 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.5.10", "source": "וְעֹ֥֤שֶׂה חֶ֖֙סֶד֙ לֽ͏ַאֲלָפִ֑֔ים לְאֹהֲבַ֖י וּלְשֹׁמְרֵ֥י *מצותו **מִצְוֺתָֽי", "text": "And-*ʿōśeh* *ḥesed* to-*ʾălāpîm* to-*ʾōhăbay* and-to-*šōmərê* *miṣwōtāy*", "grammar": { "*ʿōśeh*": "Qal participle masculine singular - showing/doing", "*ḥesed*": "common noun, masculine singular - lovingkindness", "*ʾălāpîm*": "common noun, masculine plural - thousands", "*ʾōhăbay*": "Qal participle masculine plural construct + 1cs suffix - those loving me", "*šōmərê*": "Qal participle masculine plural construct - keepers of", "*miṣwōtāy*": "common noun, feminine plural construct + 1cs suffix - my commandments" }, "variants": { "*ʿōśeh*": "showing/doing/performing", "*ḥesed*": "lovingkindness/steadfast love/covenant faithfulness/mercy", "*ʾōhăbay*": "those loving me/those devoted to me", "*šōmərê*": "keepers of/those who observe/those who maintain" } }

    11 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.5.11", "source": "לֹ֥א תִשָּׂ֛א אֶת־שֵֽׁם־יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ לַשָּׁ֑וְא כִּ֣י לֹ֤א יְנַקֶּה֙ יְהוָ֔ה אֵ֛ת אֲשֶׁר־יִשָּׂ֥א אֶת־שְׁמ֖וֹ לַשָּֽׁוְא", "text": "Not *tiśśāʾ* *ʾet*-*šēm*-*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā* to-the-*šāwʾ* *kî* not *yənaqqeh* *YHWH* *ʾēt* who-*yiśśāʾ* *ʾet*-name-his to-the-*šāwʾ*", "grammar": { "*tiśśāʾ*": "Qal imperfect 2ms - you shall lift/take", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*šēm*": "common noun, masculine singular construct - name of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "common noun, masculine plural construct + 2ms suffix - your God", "*šāwʾ*": "common noun, masculine singular - emptiness/falsehood", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*yənaqqeh*": "Piel imperfect 3ms - he will leave unpunished", "*yiśśāʾ*": "Qal imperfect 3ms - he will lift/take" }, "variants": { "*tiśśāʾ*": "you shall lift/you shall take/you shall bear/you shall utter", "*šēm*": "name/reputation/character", "*šāwʾ*": "emptiness/falsehood/vanity/worthlessness", "*yənaqqeh*": "he will leave unpunished/he will acquit/he will clear" } }

  • 14 { "verseID": "Exodus.34.14", "source": "כִּ֛י לֹ֥א תִֽשְׁתַּחֲוֶ֖ה לְאֵ֣ל אַחֵ֑ר כִּ֤י יְהוָה֙ קַנָּ֣א שְׁמ֔וֹ אֵ֥ל קַנָּ֖א הֽוּא׃", "text": "For not *tištaḥăweh* to *ʾēl* *ʾaḥēr*, for *YHWH* *qannāʾ* his *šəmô*, *ʾēl* *qannāʾ* he is.", "grammar": { "*tištaḥăweh*": "imperfect 2nd masculine singular (Hishtaphel) - you shall bow down/worship", "*ʾēl*": "masculine singular noun - god", "*ʾaḥēr*": "adjective masculine singular - other/another", "*qannāʾ*": "adjective masculine singular - jealous/zealous", "*šəmô*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his name" }, "variants": { "*tištaḥăweh*": "bow down/worship/prostrate yourself", "*ʾēl ʾaḥēr*": "another god/other god", "*qannāʾ*": "jealous/zealous/passionate" } }

  • Exod 20:2-4
    3 verses
    81%

    2 { "verseID": "Exodus.20.2", "source": "אָֽנֹכִ֖י֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֑֔יךָ אֲשֶׁ֧ר הוֹצֵאתִ֛יךָ מֵאֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרַ֖יִם מִבֵּ֣֥ית עֲבָדִ֑͏ֽים׃", "text": "*ʾānōḵî YHWH ʾĕlōheḵā ʾăsher hôṣēʾṯîḵā mē-ʾereṣ miṣrayim mib-bêṯ ʿăḇāḏîm*", "grammar": { "*ʾānōḵî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I", "*YHWH*": "proper name - LORD/YHWH", "*ʾĕlōheḵā*": "masculine plural noun construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your God", "*ʾăsher*": "relative pronoun - who/that", "*hôṣēʾṯîḵā*": "hiphil perfect, 1st singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - I brought you out", "*mē-ʾereṣ*": "preposition + noun construct - from land of", "*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*mib-bêṯ*": "preposition + noun construct - from house of", "*ʿăḇāḏîm*": "masculine plural noun - slaves/servants" }, "variants": { "*ʾānōḵî*": "I (emphatic form)", "*YHWH*": "Yahweh/LORD/the Eternal", "*ʾĕlōheḵā*": "your God/your deity", "*hôṣēʾṯîḵā*": "I brought you out/rescued you/delivered you", "*bêṯ ʿăḇāḏîm*": "house of slaves/place of servitude/bondage" } }

    3 { "verseID": "Exodus.20.3", "source": "לֹֽ֣א יִהְיֶֽה־לְךָ֛֩ אֱלֹהִ֥֨ים אֲחֵרִ֖֜ים עַל־פָּנָֽ͏ַ֗י", "text": "*lōʾ yihyeh-ləḵā ʾĕlōhîm ʾăḥērîm ʿal-pānāy*", "grammar": { "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yihyeh-ləḵā*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular + preposition with 2nd masculine singular suffix - there shall be to you", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun - gods", "*ʾăḥērîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - other", "*ʿal-pānāy*": "preposition + noun construct with 1st singular suffix - before my face/presence" }, "variants": { "*lōʾ yihyeh-ləḵā*": "you shall not have/there shall not be to you", "*ʾĕlōhîm ʾăḥērîm*": "other gods/foreign deities", "*ʿal-pānāy*": "before me/in my presence/in preference to me/against my face" } }

    4 { "verseID": "Exodus.20.4", "source": "לֹֽ֣א תֽ͏ַעֲשֶׂ֨ה־לְךָ֥֣ פֶ֣֙סֶל֙ ׀ וְכָל־תְּמוּנָ֡֔ה אֲשֶׁ֤֣ר בַּשָּׁמַ֣֙יִם֙ ׀ מִמַּ֡֔עַל וֽ͏ַאֲשֶׁ֥ר֩ בָּאָ֖֨רֶץ מִתָּ֑͏ַ֜חַת וַאֲשֶׁ֥֣ר בַּמַּ֖֣יִם ׀ מִתַּ֥֣חַת לָאָֽ֗רֶץ", "text": "*lōʾ ṯaʿăśeh-ləḵā pesel* and-all-*təmûnāh ʾăsher bash-shāmayim* from-*mimmaʿal wa-ʾăsher bā-ʾāreṣ mit-tāḥaṯ wa-ʾăsher bam-mayim* from-*mittaḥaṯ lā-ʾāreṣ*", "grammar": { "*lōʾ ṯaʿăśeh*": "negative particle + qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall not make", "*ləḵā*": "preposition with 2nd masculine singular suffix - for yourself", "*pesel*": "masculine singular noun - carved image/idol", "*təmûnāh*": "feminine singular noun - likeness/form/representation", "*ʾăsher*": "relative pronoun - that/which", "*bash-shāmayim*": "preposition + definite article + masculine plural noun - in the heavens", "*mimmaʿal*": "preposition + adverb - from above", "*bā-ʾāreṣ*": "preposition + definite article + feminine singular noun - in the earth", "*mit-tāḥaṯ*": "preposition + adverb - from below", "*bam-mayim*": "preposition + definite article + masculine plural noun - in the waters", "*lā-ʾāreṣ*": "preposition + definite article + feminine singular noun - to the earth" }, "variants": { "*pesel*": "carved image/idol/statue", "*təmûnāh*": "form/likeness/representation/semblance", "*mimmaʿal*": "above/overhead", "*mit-tāḥaṯ*": "beneath/below" } }

  • Deut 6:14-15
    2 verses
    80%

    14 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.6.14", "source": "לֹ֣א תֵֽלְכ֔וּן אַחֲרֵ֖י אֱלֹהִ֣ים אֲחֵרִ֑ים מֵאֱלֹהֵי֙ הָֽעַמִּ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֖ר סְבִיבוֹתֵיכֶֽם", "text": "Not *tēlĕkûn* after *ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾăḥērîm* from-*mēʾĕlōhê* the-*hāʿammîm* which *sĕbîbôtêkem*", "grammar": { "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*tēlĕkûn*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you shall go", "*ʾaḥărê*": "preposition - after", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun - gods", "*ʾăḥērîm*": "masculine plural adjective - other", "*mē-ʾĕlōhê*": "preposition + masculine plural noun, construct - from gods of", "*hā-ʿammîm*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the peoples", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*sĕbîbôtêkem*": "feminine plural noun + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - around you" }, "variants": { "*tēlĕkûn*": "go/walk/follow", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "gods/deities", "*ʾăḥērîm*": "other/different/strange", "*ʿammîm*": "peoples/nations", "*sĕbîbôt*": "surroundings/vicinity/around" } }

    15 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.6.15", "source": "כִּ֣י אֵ֥ל קַנָּ֛א יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ בְּקִרְבֶּ֑ךָ פֶּן־יֶ֠חֱרֶה אַף־יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֙יךָ֙ בָּ֔ךְ וְהִשְׁמִ֣ידְךָ֔ מֵעַ֖ל פְּנֵ֥י הָאֲדָמָֽה", "text": "For *ʾēl* *qannāʾ* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêka* in-*bĕqirbeka* lest-*yeḥĕreh* anger-of-*ʾap*-*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêka* against-you and-*wĕhišmîdĕkā* from-upon *pĕnê* the-*hāʾădāmāh*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʾēl*": "masculine singular noun - God", "*qannāʾ*": "masculine singular adjective - jealous", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾĕlōhêka*": "masculine plural noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your God", "*bĕ-qirbeka*": "preposition + masculine singular noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - in your midst", "*pen*": "conjunction - lest", "*yeḥĕreh*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - be kindled/burn", "*ʾap*": "masculine singular noun, construct - anger of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾĕlōhêka*": "masculine plural noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your God", "*bāk*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - against you", "*wĕ-hišmîdĕkā*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - and he will destroy you", "*mē-ʿal*": "preposition + preposition - from upon", "*pĕnê*": "masculine plural noun, construct - face/surface of", "*hā-ʾădāmāh*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the ground/earth/land" }, "variants": { "*ʾēl*": "God/deity/mighty one", "*qannāʾ*": "jealous/zealous", "*qirbeka*": "your midst/among you/within you", "*yeḥĕreh*": "be kindled/burn/become hot", "*ʾap*": "anger/nose/wrath", "*hišmîdĕkā*": "destroy you/eliminate you/exterminate you", "*pĕnê*": "face/surface/presence", "*ʾădāmāh*": "ground/earth/land" } }

  • Lev 19:3-4
    2 verses
    79%

    3 { "verseID": "Leviticus.19.3", "source": "אִ֣ישׁ אִמּ֤וֹ וְאָבִיו֙ תִּירָ֔אוּ וְאֶת־שַׁבְּתֹתַ֖י תִּשְׁמֹ֑רוּ אֲנִ֖י יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם", "text": "*ʾîš* *ʾimmô* *wə-ʾāḇîw* *tîrāʾû* *wə-ʾeṯ*-*šabbəṯōṯay* *tišmōrû* *ʾănî* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêḵem*", "grammar": { "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - each man/person/everyone", "*ʾimmô*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his mother", "*wə-ʾāḇîw*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and his father", "*tîrāʾû*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall fear/respect", "*wə-ʾeṯ*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*šabbəṯōṯay*": "noun, feminine plural + 1st person singular suffix - my sabbaths", "*tišmōrû*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall keep/observe", "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular independent pronoun - I", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*ʾĕlōhêḵem*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your God" }, "variants": { "*ʾîš*": "each person/everyone/each one", "*tîrāʾû*": "you shall fear/respect/revere", "*tišmōrû*": "you shall keep/guard/observe/maintain" } }

    4 { "verseID": "Leviticus.19.4", "source": "אַל־תִּפְנוּ֙ אֶל־הָ֣אֱלִילִ֔ים וֵֽאלֹהֵי֙ מַסֵּכָ֔ה לֹ֥א תַעֲשׂ֖וּ לָכֶ֑ם אֲנִ֖י יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם", "text": "*ʾal*-*tifnû* *ʾel*-*hā-ʾĕlîlîm* *wə-ʾĕlōhê* *massēḵāh* *lōʾ* *taʿăśû* *lāḵem* *ʾănî* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêḵem*", "grammar": { "*ʾal*": "negative particle with jussive - do not", "*tifnû*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural jussive - turn/look", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to, toward", "*hā-ʾĕlîlîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the idols/worthless things", "*wə-ʾĕlōhê*": "conjunction + noun, masculine plural construct - and gods of", "*massēḵāh*": "noun, feminine singular - molten image/cast idol", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*taʿăśû*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall make", "*lāḵem*": "preposition + 2nd masculine plural suffix - for yourselves", "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular independent pronoun - I", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*ʾĕlōhêḵem*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your God" }, "variants": { "*tifnû*": "turn to/look to/regard/pay attention to", "*hā-ʾĕlîlîm*": "the idols/worthless things/false gods/nothings", "*massēḵāh*": "molten image/cast idol/metal statue" } }

  • Deut 4:23-25
    3 verses
    78%

    23 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.4.23", "source": "הִשָּׁמְר֣וּ לָכֶ֗ם פֶּֽן־תִּשְׁכְּחוּ֙ אֶת־בְּרִ֤ית יְהוָה֙ אֱלֹ֣הֵיכֶ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר כָּרַ֖ת עִמָּכֶ֑ם וַעֲשִׂיתֶ֨ם לָכֶ֥ם פֶּ֙סֶל֙ תְּמ֣וּנַת כֹּ֔ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר צִוְּךָ֖ יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֶֽיךָ׃", "text": "*hiššāmərû lākem pen-tiškəḥû ʾet-bərît YHWH ʾĕlōhêkem ʾăšer kārat ʿimmākem wa-ʿăśîtem lākem pesel təmûnat kōl ʾăšer ṣiwwəkā YHWH ʾĕlōhêkā*.", "grammar": { "*hiššāmərû*": "Niphal imperative, 2nd masculine plural - take heed/be careful", "*lākem*": "preposition with 2nd masculine plural suffix - to/for yourselves", "*pen*": "conjunction - lest", "*tiškəḥû*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you forget", "*ʾet-bərît*": "direct object marker + feminine singular construct noun - the covenant of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾĕlōhêkem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your God", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*kārat*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he cut/made", "*ʿimmākem*": "preposition with 2nd masculine plural suffix - with you", "*wa-ʿăśîtem*": "conjunction + Qal perfect, 2nd masculine plural - and make", "*lākem*": "preposition with 2nd masculine plural suffix - for yourselves", "*pesel*": "masculine singular noun - carved image/idol", "*təmûnat*": "feminine singular construct noun - likeness of", "*kōl*": "noun - all/any", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*ṣiwwəkā*": "Piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - commanded you", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your God" }, "variants": { "*hiššāmərû*": "take heed/be careful/guard yourselves", "*pen*": "lest/that not/beware", "*tiškəḥû*": "forget/neglect/cease to care", "*bərît*": "covenant/agreement/treaty", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings", "*kārat*": "cut/made/established", "*ʿimmākem*": "with you/among you", "*ʿăśîtem*": "make/fashion/create", "*pesel*": "carved image/idol/sculpture", "*təmûnat*": "likeness/form/representation", "*ṣiwwəkā*": "commanded you/ordered you/instructed you" } }

    24 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.4.24", "source": "כִּ֚י יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ אֵ֥שׁ אֹכְלָ֖ה ה֑וּא אֵ֖ל קַנָּֽא׃ פ", "text": "*kî YHWH ʾĕlōhêkā ʾēš ʾōkəlāh hûʾ ʾēl qannāʾ*.", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your God", "*ʾēš*": "feminine singular noun - fire", "*ʾōkəlāh*": "Qal participle, feminine singular - consuming", "*hûʾ*": "3rd masculine singular pronoun - he", "*ʾēl*": "masculine singular noun - God", "*qannāʾ*": "adjective, masculine singular - jealous" }, "variants": { "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings", "*ʾēš*": "fire/flame", "*ʾōkəlāh*": "consuming/devouring/eating", "*ʾēl*": "God/deity/divine being", "*qannāʾ*": "jealous/zealous/passionate" } }

    25 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.4.25", "source": "כִּֽי־תוֹלִ֤יד בָּנִים֙ וּבְנֵ֣י בָנִ֔ים וְנוֹשַׁנְתֶּ֖ם בָּאָ֑רֶץ וְהִשְׁחַתֶּ֗ם וַעֲשִׂ֤יתֶם פֶּ֙סֶל֙ תְּמ֣וּנַת כֹּ֔ל וַעֲשִׂיתֶ֥ם הָרַ֛ע בְּעֵינֵ֥י יְהוָֽה־אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ לְהַכְעִיסֽוֹ׃", "text": "*kî-tôlîd bānîm û-bənê bānîm wə-nôšantem bā-ʾāreṣ wə-hišḥattem wa-ʿăśîtem pesel təmûnat kōl wa-ʿăśîtem hā-raʿ bə-ʿênê YHWH-ʾĕlōhêkā lə-hakʿîsô*.", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - when", "*tôlîd*": "Hiphil imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you beget", "*bānîm*": "masculine plural noun - children/sons", "*û-bənê*": "conjunction + masculine plural construct noun - and children of", "*bānîm*": "masculine plural noun - children/sons", "*wə-nôšantem*": "conjunction + Niphal perfect, 2nd masculine plural - and you grow old", "*bā-ʾāreṣ*": "preposition + definite article + feminine singular noun - in the land", "*wə-hišḥattem*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect, 2nd masculine plural - and you act corruptly", "*wa-ʿăśîtem*": "conjunction + Qal perfect, 2nd masculine plural - and make", "*pesel*": "masculine singular noun - carved image/idol", "*təmûnat*": "feminine singular construct noun - likeness of", "*kōl*": "noun - all/any", "*wa-ʿăśîtem*": "conjunction + Qal perfect, 2nd masculine plural - and do", "*hā-raʿ*": "definite article + masculine singular adjective - the evil", "*bə-ʿênê*": "preposition + common dual construct noun - in eyes of", "*YHWH-ʾĕlōhêkā*": "proper noun + masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - LORD your God", "*lə-hakʿîsô*": "preposition + Hiphil infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - to provoke him" }, "variants": { "*tôlîd*": "beget/father/bring forth", "*bānîm*": "sons/children/descendants", "*nôšantem*": "grow old/become settled/remain long", "*ʾāreṣ*": "land/country/territory", "*hišḥattem*": "act corruptly/deal corruptly/ruin", "*ʿăśîtem*": "make/fashion/create", "*pesel*": "carved image/idol/sculpture", "*təmûnat*": "likeness/form/representation", "*raʿ*": "evil/bad/displeasing", "*ʿênê*": "eyes/sight", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings", "*hakʿîsô*": "provoke him/anger him/vex him" } }

  • Exod 20:6-7
    2 verses
    77%

    6 { "verseID": "Exodus.20.6", "source": "וְעֹ֥֤שֶׂה חֶ֖֙סֶד֙ לַאֲלָפִ֑֔ים לְאֹהֲבַ֖י וּלְשֹׁמְרֵ֥י מִצְוֺתָֽי׃", "text": "*wə-ʿōśeh ḥeseḏ la-ʾălāp̄îm lə-ʾōhăḇay û-lə-shōmərê miṣwōṯāy*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʿōśeh*": "conjunction + qal participle, masculine singular - and showing/doing", "*ḥeseḏ*": "masculine singular noun - steadfast love/mercy", "*la-ʾălāp̄îm*": "preposition + masculine plural noun - to thousands", "*lə-ʾōhăḇay*": "preposition + qal participle plural construct with 1st singular suffix - to those loving me", "*û-lə-shōmərê*": "conjunction + preposition + qal participle masculine plural construct - and to keepers of", "*miṣwōṯāy*": "feminine plural noun with 1st singular suffix - my commandments" }, "variants": { "*ḥeseḏ*": "steadfast love/covenant faithfulness/mercy/loyalty", "*la-ʾălāp̄îm*": "to thousands [of generations]/to innumerable ones", "*ʾōhăḇay*": "those who love me/my lovers/my friends", "*shōmərê*": "keepers/observers/those who guard" } }

    7 { "verseID": "Exodus.20.7", "source": "לֹ֥א תִשָּׂ֛א אֶת־שֵֽׁם־יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ לַשָּׁ֑וְא כִּ֣י לֹ֤א יְנַקֶּה֙ יְהוָ֔ה אֵ֛ת אֲשֶׁר־יִשָּׂ֥א אֶת־שְׁמ֖וֹ לַשָּֽׁוְא׃", "text": "*lōʾ ṯiśśāʾ ʾeṯ-shēm-YHWH ʾĕlōheḵā lash-shāwəʾ kî lōʾ yənaqeh YHWH ʾēṯ ʾăsher-yiśśāʾ ʾeṯ-shəmô lash-shāwəʾ*", "grammar": { "*lōʾ ṯiśśāʾ*": "negative particle + qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall not lift/carry", "*ʾeṯ-shēm*": "direct object marker + masculine singular construct - the name of", "*YHWH*": "proper name - LORD/YHWH", "*ʾĕlōheḵā*": "masculine plural noun construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your God", "*lash-shāwəʾ*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - for falsehood/vanity", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*lōʾ yənaqeh*": "negative particle + piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - will not hold guiltless", "*ʾēṯ*": "direct object marker", "*ʾăsher-yiśśāʾ*": "relative pronoun + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - who lifts/carries", "*ʾeṯ-shəmô*": "direct object marker + masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his name", "*lash-shāwəʾ*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - for falsehood/vanity" }, "variants": { "*ṯiśśāʾ*": "lift up/carry/bear/take/utter", "*shēm*": "name/reputation/character", "*lash-shāwəʾ*": "in vain/falsely/for emptiness/for no purpose", "*yənaqeh*": "hold guiltless/leave unpunished/acquit" } }

  • 1 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.1", "source": "לֹֽא־תַעֲשׂ֨וּ לָכֶ֜ם אֱלִילִ֗ם וּפֶ֤סֶל וּמַצֵּבָה֙ לֹֽא־תָקִ֣ימוּ לָכֶ֔ם וְאֶ֣בֶן מַשְׂכִּ֗ית לֹ֤א תִתְּנוּ֙ בְּאַרְצְכֶ֔ם לְהִֽשְׁתַּחֲוֺ֖ת עָלֶ֑יהָ כִּ֛י אֲנִ֥י יְהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם׃", "text": "Not *taʿaśû* to-you *ʾelîlîm* and-*pesel* and-*maṣṣēbâ* not *tāqîmû* to-you and-*ʾeben maśkît* not *tittenû* in-*ʾarṣekem* to-*hištaḥăwōt* upon-it for I *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkem*", "grammar": { "*taʿaśû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you shall make", "*ʾelîlîm*": "noun, masculine plural - idols/worthless things", "*pesel*": "noun, masculine singular - carved image/idol", "*maṣṣēbâ*": "noun, feminine singular - pillar/standing stone", "*tāqîmû*": "verb, hiphil imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you shall set up/erect", "*ʾeben*": "noun, feminine singular construct - stone of", "*maśkît*": "noun, feminine singular - carved figure/imagery", "*tittenû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you shall put/place", "*ʾarṣekem*": "noun, feminine singular + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your land", "*hištaḥăwōt*": "verb, hitpael infinitive construct - to bow down/worship", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêkem*": "noun, masculine plural + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your God" }, "variants": { "*ʾelîlîm*": "idols/worthless gods/nothings", "*pesel*": "carved image/graven image/idol", "*maṣṣēbâ*": "pillar/standing stone/sacred pillar", "*ʾeben maśkît*": "figured stone/stone with imagery/decorated stone", "*hištaḥăwōt*": "to bow down/prostrate oneself/worship" } }

  • 7 { "verseID": "Exodus.34.7", "source": "נֹצֵ֥ר חֶ֙סֶד֙ לָאֲלָפִ֔ים נֹשֵׂ֥א עָוֺ֛ן וָפֶ֖שַׁע וְחַטָּאָ֑ה וְנַקֵּה֙ לֹ֣א יְנַקֶּ֔ה פֹּקֵ֣ד ׀ עֲוֺ֣ן אָב֗וֹת עַל־בָּנִים֙ וְעַל־בְּנֵ֣י בָנִ֔ים עַל־שִׁלֵּשִׁ֖ים וְעַל־רִבֵּעִֽים׃", "text": "*nōṣēr* *ḥesed* to the *ʾălāp̄îm*, *nōśēʾ* *ʿāwōn* and *p̄ešaʿ* and *ḥaṭṭāʾāh*; and *naqēh* not *yənaqeh*, *pōqēd* *ʿăwōn* *ʾāḇôt* upon *bānîm* and upon *bənê* *ḇānîm*, upon *šillēšîm* and upon *ribbēʿîm*.", "grammar": { "*nōṣēr*": "active participle masculine singular - keeping/preserving", "*ḥesed*": "masculine singular noun - steadfast love/kindness/mercy", "*ʾălāp̄îm*": "masculine plural noun - thousands", "*nōśēʾ*": "active participle masculine singular - bearing/carrying/forgiving", "*ʿāwōn*": "masculine singular noun - iniquity/guilt", "*p̄ešaʿ*": "masculine singular noun - transgression/rebellion", "*ḥaṭṭāʾāh*": "feminine singular noun - sin/error", "*naqēh*": "infinitive absolute (Piel) - clearing/acquitting", "*yənaqeh*": "imperfect 3rd masculine singular (Piel) - he will clear/acquit", "*pōqēd*": "active participle masculine singular - visiting/reckoning", "*ʿăwōn*": "masculine singular construct - iniquity of", "*ʾāḇôt*": "masculine plural noun - fathers", "*bānîm*": "masculine plural noun - children/sons", "*bənê*": "masculine plural construct - sons of", "*šillēšîm*": "masculine plural ordinal - third (generation)", "*ribbēʿîm*": "masculine plural ordinal - fourth (generation)" }, "variants": { "*nōṣēr*": "keeping/preserving/maintaining", "*ḥesed*": "steadfast love/kindness/covenant faithfulness/mercy", "*nōśēʾ*": "bearing/carrying/forgiving/lifting", "*ʿāwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/punishment", "*p̄ešaʿ*": "transgression/rebellion/crime", "*ḥaṭṭāʾāh*": "sin/error/offense", "*naqēh lōʾ yənaqeh*": "by no means clearing the guilty/will not completely acquit", "*pōqēd*": "visiting/reckoning/punishing/attending to" } }

  • 24 { "verseID": "Exodus.23.24", "source": "לֹֽא־תִשְׁתַּחֲוֶ֤ה לֵאלֹֽהֵיהֶם֙ וְלֹ֣א תָֽעָבְדֵ֔ם וְלֹ֥א תַעֲשֶׂ֖ה כְּמַֽעֲשֵׂיהֶ֑ם כִּ֤י הָרֵס֙ תְּהָ֣רְסֵ֔ם וְשַׁבֵּ֥ר תְּשַׁבֵּ֖ר מַצֵּבֹתֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "Not-*tištaḥăweh* to-*ʾĕlōhêhem* and-not *tāʿobdēm* and-not *taʿăśeh* as-*maʿăśêhem* for *hārēs* *tĕhārĕsēm* and-*šabbēr* *tĕšabbēr* *maṣṣēbōtêhem*", "grammar": { "*tištaḥăweh*": "hishtaphel imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - bow down/prostrate yourself", "*ʾĕlōhêhem*": "noun masculine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their gods", "*tāʿobdēm*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - serve/worship them", "*taʿăśeh*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - do/make", "*maʿăśêhem*": "noun masculine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their deeds/practices", "*hārēs tĕhārĕsēm*": "qal infinitive absolute + piel imperfect 2nd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - emphatic construction: 'you shall utterly destroy them'", "*šabbēr tĕšabbēr*": "piel infinitive absolute + piel imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - emphatic construction: 'you shall utterly shatter'", "*maṣṣēbōtêhem*": "noun feminine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their sacred pillars/standing stones" }, "variants": { "*tištaḥăweh*": "bow down/prostrate yourself/worship", "*tāʿobdēm*": "serve/worship/work for them", "*maʿăśêhem*": "their deeds/practices/customs/works", "*hārēs tĕhārĕsēm*": "you shall utterly destroy them/completely demolish them", "*šabbēr tĕšabbēr*": "you shall utterly shatter/completely break in pieces", "*maṣṣēbōtêhem*": "their sacred pillars/standing stones/monuments" } }

  • 22 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.16.22", "source": "וְלֹֽא־תָקִ֥ים לְךָ֖ מַצֵּבָ֑ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר שָׂנֵ֖א יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֶֽיךָ׃", "text": "*wəlōʾ*-*tāqîm* *ləkā* *maṣṣēbâ* *ʾăšer* *śānēʾ* *YHWH* *ʾělōheykā*", "grammar": { "*wəlōʾ*-*tāqîm*": "conjunction + negation + hiphil imperfect 2nd masculine singular - and you shall not set up", "*ləkā*": "preposition with 2nd masculine singular suffix - for yourself", "*maṣṣēbâ*": "feminine singular noun - pillar/standing stone", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*śānēʾ*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - hates", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*ʾělōheykā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your God" }, "variants": { "*tāqîm*": "set up/erect/establish", "*maṣṣēbâ*": "pillar/standing stone/sacred stone", "*śānēʾ*": "hates/detests/abhors" } }

  • 6 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.25.6", "source": "וְאַל־תֵּלְכ֗וּ אַֽחֲרֵי֙ אֱלֹהִ֣ים אֲחֵרִ֔ים לְעָבְדָ֖ם וּלְהִשְׁתַּחֲוֺ֣ת לָהֶ֑ם וְלֹֽא־תַכְעִ֤יסוּ אוֹתִי֙ בְּמַעֲשֵׂ֣ה יְדֵיכֶ֔ם וְלֹ֥א אָרַ֖ע לָכֶֽם׃", "text": "And not *tēlĕkû* after *ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾăḥērîm* to *ʿābĕdām* and to *hištaḥăwōt* to them, and not *takʿîsû* me in *maʿăśēh* of your *yĕdêkem*, and not *ʾāraʿ* to you.", "grammar": { "*tēlĕkû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 2nd plural - go/walk", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - gods", "*ʾăḥērîm*": "adjective, masculine, plural - other/strange", "*ʿābĕdām*": "verb, qal infinitive construct + 3rd plural suffix - to serve them", "*hištaḥăwōt*": "verb, hishtaphel infinitive construct - to bow down/worship", "*takʿîsû*": "verb, hiphil imperfect, 2nd plural - provoke to anger", "*maʿăśēh*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - work/deed", "*yĕdêkem*": "noun, feminine, dual construct + 2nd plural suffix - your hands", "*ʾāraʿ*": "verb, hiphil imperfect, 1st singular - do harm/evil" }, "variants": { "*tēlĕkû*": "go/walk/follow", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "gods/deities", "*ʿābĕdām*": "to serve them/worship them", "*hištaḥăwōt*": "to bow down/prostrate/worship", "*takʿîsû*": "provoke to anger/vex/irritate", "*maʿăśēh*": "work/deed/action", "*ʾāraʿ*": "do harm/bring evil/hurt" } }

  • 4 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.12.4", "source": "לֹֽא־תַעֲשׂ֣וּן כֵּ֔ן לַיהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם׃", "text": "Not-*taʿăśûn* thus to *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêḵɛm*", "grammar": { "*taʿăśûn*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural + paragogic nun - you shall do", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêḵɛm*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your God" }, "variants": { "*taʿăśûn*": "do/make/perform", "*ʾĕlōhêḵɛm*": "your God/your gods [plural form with singular meaning when referring to Israel's God]" } }

  • 35 { "verseID": "2 Kings.17.35", "source": "וַיִּכְרֹ֨ת יְהוָ֤ה אִתָּם֙ בְּרִ֔ית וַיְצַוֵּ֣ם לֵאמֹ֔ר לֹ֥א תִֽירְא֖וּ אֱלֹהִ֣ים אֲחֵרִ֑ים וְלֹא־תִשְׁתַּחֲו֣וּ לָהֶ֔ם וְלֹ֣א תַעַבְד֔וּם וְלֹ֥א תִזְבְּח֖וּ לָהֶֽם׃", "text": "*wa-yikrōt* *YHWH* *ʾittām* *bərît* *wa-yəṣawwēm* *lēmōr* *lōʾ* *tîrəʾû* *ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾăḥērîm* *wə-lōʾ*-*tištaḥăwû* *lāhem* *wə-lōʾ* *taʿabdûm* *wə-lōʾ* *tizbəḥû* *lāhem*", "grammar": { "*wa-yikrōt*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3ms - and he cut/made", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾittām*": "preposition + 3mp suffix - with them", "*bərît*": "feminine singular noun - covenant", "*wa-yəṣawwēm*": "conjunction + Piel imperfect 3ms + 3mp suffix - and he commanded them", "*lēmōr*": "Qal infinitive construct - saying", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*tîrəʾû*": "Qal imperfect 2mp - you shall fear", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun - gods", "*ʾăḥērîm*": "masculine plural adjective - other", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*tištaḥăwû*": "Hishtaphel imperfect 2mp - you shall bow down", "*lāhem*": "preposition + 3mp suffix - to them", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*taʿabdûm*": "Qal imperfect 2mp + 3mp suffix - you shall serve them", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*tizbəḥû*": "Qal imperfect 2mp - you shall sacrifice", "*lāhem*": "preposition + 3mp suffix - to them" }, "variants": { "*wa-yikrōt bərît*": "made a covenant/cut a covenant (idiom)", "*tîrəʾû*": "fear/revere/worship", "*tištaḥăwû*": "bow down to/prostrate before/worship" } }

  • 31 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.12.31", "source": "לֹא־תַעֲשֶׂ֣ה כֵ֔ן לַיהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֶ֑יךָ כִּי֩ כָּל־תּוֹעֲבַ֨ת יְהוָ֜ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר שָׂנֵ֗א עָשׂוּ֙ לֵאלֹ֣הֵיהֶ֔ם כִּ֣י גַ֤ם אֶת־בְּנֵיהֶם֙ וְאֶת־בְּנֹ֣תֵיהֶ֔ם יִשְׂרְפ֥וּ בָאֵ֖שׁ לֵֽאלֹהֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "Not-*taʿăśeh* *kēn* to-*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêḵā*, for all-*tôʿăḇaṯ* *YHWH* which *śānēʾ* *ʿāśû* to-*ʾĕlōhêhem*, for also *ʾeṯ*-*bənêhem* and-*ʾeṯ*-*bənôṯêhem* *yiśrəp̄û* in-*ʾēš* to-*ʾĕlōhêhem*.", "grammar": { "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*taʿăśeh*": "imperfect Qal, 2nd masculine singular - you will do/make", "*kēn*": "adverb - thus/so", "*la-YHWH*": "preposition + noun, proper name - to the LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾĕlōhêḵā*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your God", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*kol*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all/every", "*tôʿăḇaṯ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - abomination of", "*YHWH*": "noun, proper name - Yahweh/the LORD", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*śānēʾ*": "perfect Qal, 3rd masculine singular - he hates/hated", "*ʿāśû*": "perfect Qal, 3rd common plural - they did/made", "*lē-ʾĕlōhêhem*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - to/for their gods", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*gam*": "particle - also/even", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*bənêhem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their sons", "*wə-ʾeṯ*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*bənôṯêhem*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their daughters", "*yiśrəp̄û*": "imperfect Qal, 3rd masculine plural - they burn", "*ḇā-ʾēš*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - in the fire", "*lē-ʾĕlōhêhem*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - to/for their gods" }, "variants": { "*taʿăśeh*": "do/make/perform", "*YHWH*": "the LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾĕlōhêḵā*": "your God/your gods (plural form with singular meaning)", "*tôʿăḇaṯ*": "abomination/detestable thing/offensive practice", "*śānēʾ*": "hates/abhors/detests", "*ʿāśû*": "did/made/performed", "*ʾĕlōhêhem*": "their gods/their deities", "*bənêhem*": "their sons/their male children", "*bənôṯêhem*": "their daughters/their female children", "*yiśrəp̄û*": "burn/consume with fire", "*ʾēš*": "fire/flame" } }

  • 19 { "verseID": "Joshua.24.19", "source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוֹשֻׁ֜עַ אֶל־הָעָ֗ם לֹ֤א תֽוּכְלוּ֙ לַעֲבֹ֣ד אֶת־יְהוָ֔ה כִּֽי־אֱלֹהִ֥ים קְדֹשִׁ֖ים ה֑וּא אֵֽל־קַנּ֣וֹא ה֔וּא לֹֽא־יִשָּׂ֥א לְפִשְׁעֲכֶ֖ם וּלְחַטֹּאותֵיכֶֽם׃", "text": "*wa-yōʾmer* *yəhôšuaʿ* *ʾel*-*hā-ʿām* *lōʾ* *tûkəlû* *la-ʿăbōd* *ʾet*-*YHWH* *kî*-*ʾĕlōhîm* *qədōšîm* *hûʾ* *ʾēl*-*qannôʾ* *hûʾ* *lōʾ*-*yiśśāʾ* *lə-pišʿăkem* *û-lə-ḥaṭṭōʾûtêkem*", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular apocopated - and he said", "*yəhôšuaʿ*": "proper noun - Joshua", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to/toward", "*hā-ʿām*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the people", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*tûkəlû*": "qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you will be able", "*la-ʿăbōd*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to serve", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - God", "*qədōšîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - holy", "*hûʾ*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun - he", "*ʾēl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - God of", "*qannôʾ*": "adjective, masculine singular - jealous", "*lōʾ-yiśśāʾ*": "negative particle + qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will not forgive/bear", "*lə-pišʿăkem*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - for your transgressions", "*û-lə-ḥaṭṭōʾûtêkem*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, feminine plural + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - and for your sins" }, "variants": { "*tûkəlû*": "you will be able/you can/you will have power", "*ʾĕlōhîm qədōšîm*": "holy God/holy ones (plural form with singular meaning)", "*ʾēl-qannôʾ*": "jealous God/zealous God", "*yiśśāʾ*": "forgive/bear/lift up/carry", "*pišʿă*": "transgressions/rebellions/crimes", "*ḥaṭṭōʾût*": "sins/offenses/failures" } }

  • 9 { "verseID": "Psalms.81.9", "source": "שְׁמַ֣ע עַ֭מִּי וְאָעִ֣ידָה בָּ֑ךְ יִ֝שְׂרָאֵ֗ל אִם־תִּֽשְׁמַֽע־לִֽי׃", "text": "*šəmaʿ* my *ʿammî* and *wəʾāʿîdâ* against you, *yiśrāʾēl* if-*tišmaʿ*-to me", "grammar": { "*šəmaʿ*": "qal imperative masculine singular - 'hear/listen'", "*ʿammî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - 'my people'", "*wəʾāʿîdâ*": "hiphil cohortative 1st singular with prefixed conjunction waw - 'and let me testify/warn'", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper name - 'Israel'", "*tišmaʿ*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular with conditional particle 'im - 'if you would listen'" }, "variants": { "*šəmaʿ*": "hear/listen/obey", "*ʿammî*": "my people/my nation", "*wəʾāʿîdâ*": "and I will testify/I will warn/I will admonish", "*tišmaʿ*": "you would listen/you would hear/you would obey" } }

  • 4 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.7.4", "source": "כִּֽי־יָסִ֤יר אֶת־בִּנְךָ֙ מֵֽאַחֲרַ֔י וְעָבְד֖וּ אֱלֹהִ֣ים אֲחֵרִ֑ים וְחָרָ֤ה אַף־יְהוָה֙ בָּכֶ֔ם וְהִשְׁמִידְךָ֖ מַהֵֽר׃", "text": "For he *yāsîr* your *binkā* from after me, and they *ʿāvdû* *ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾăḥērîm*, and *ḥārâ* *ʾap-YHWH* against you, and he *hišmîdkā* quickly.", "grammar": { "*yāsîr*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will turn aside/remove", "*binkā*": "noun masculine singular construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your son", "*ʿāvdû*": "Qal perfect 3rd common plural - they will serve/worship", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun masculine plural - gods", "*ʾăḥērîm*": "adjective masculine plural - other/foreign", "*ḥārâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - kindled/burned", "*ʾap-YHWH*": "noun masculine singular construct + proper noun - anger of YHWH/LORD", "*hišmîdkā*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - he will destroy you" }, "variants": { "*yāsîr*": "turn aside/remove/lead astray", "*ʿāvdû*": "serve/worship/work for", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "gods/deities", "*ʾăḥērîm*": "other/foreign/strange", "*ḥārâ*": "burn/kindle/become hot", "*ʾap*": "anger/nose/wrath", "*hišmîdkā*": "destroy you/annihilate you/exterminate you" } }

  • 23 { "verseID": "Exodus.20.23", "source": "לֹ֥א תַעֲשׂ֖וּן אִתִּ֑י אֱלֹ֤הֵי כֶ֙סֶף֙ וֵאלֹהֵ֣י זָהָ֔ב לֹ֥א תַעֲשׂ֖וּ לָכֶֽם׃", "text": "*lōʾ taʿăśûn* with me *ʾĕlōhê kesep̄* and *ʾĕlōhê zāhāb lōʾ taʿăśû* for yourselves", "grammar": { "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*taʿăśûn*": "Qal imperfect 2nd masculine plural (paragogic form) - you shall not make", "*ʾittî*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - with me", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "noun construct plural - gods of", "*kesep̄*": "noun, masculine singular - silver", "*wə-ʾĕlōhê*": "conjunction + noun construct plural - and gods of", "*zāhāb*": "noun, masculine singular - gold", "*taʿăśû*": "Qal imperfect 2nd masculine plural - you shall make", "*lākem*": "preposition + 2nd masculine plural suffix - for yourselves" }, "variants": { "*taʿăśûn*": "make/do/fashion", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "gods/deities (in construct form)", "*kesep̄*": "silver/money", "*zāhāb*": "gold/golden material" } }

  • 25 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.7.25", "source": "פְּסִילֵ֥י אֱלֹהֵיהֶ֖ם תִּשְׂרְפ֣וּן בָּאֵ֑שׁ לֹֽא־תַחְמֹד֩ כֶּ֨סֶף וְזָהָ֤ב עֲלֵיהֶם֙ וְלָקַחְתָּ֣ לָ֔ךְ פֶּ֚ן תִּוָּקֵ֣שׁ בּ֔וֹ כִּ֧י תוֹעֲבַ֛ת יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ הֽוּא׃", "text": "The *pəsîlê* of their *ʾĕlōhêhem* you shall *tiśrəpûn* with the *ʾēš*; not *taḥmōd* the *kesep* and *zāhāv* on them and *wəlāqaḥtā* for yourself, lest you *tiwwāqēš* by it, for *tôʿăvat* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā* it is.", "grammar": { "*pəsîlê*": "noun masculine plural construct - carved images of", "*ʾĕlōhêhem*": "noun masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their gods", "*tiśrəpûn*": "Qal imperfect 2nd masculine plural - you shall burn", "*ʾēš*": "noun feminine singular - fire", "*taḥmōd*": "Qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you shall covet/desire", "*kesep*": "noun masculine singular - silver", "*zāhāv*": "noun masculine singular - gold", "*wəlāqaḥtā*": "Qal perfect consecutive 2nd masculine singular - and you shall take", "*tiwwāqēš*": "Niphal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you will be ensnared", "*tôʿăvat*": "noun feminine singular construct - abomination of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "noun masculine plural construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your God" }, "variants": { "*pəsîlê*": "carved images/idols/graven images", "*ʾĕlōhêhem*": "their gods/their deities", "*tiśrəpûn*": "burn/consume with fire", "*ʾēš*": "fire/flame", "*taḥmōd*": "covet/desire/crave", "*kesep*": "silver/money", "*zāhāv*": "gold", "*wəlāqaḥtā*": "take/seize/get", "*tiwwāqēš*": "be ensnared/be trapped/be caught", "*tôʿăvat*": "abomination of/detestable thing of/loathsome thing of" } }

  • 18 { "verseID": "Numbers.14.18", "source": "יְהוָ֗ה אֶ֤רֶךְ אַפַּ֙יִם֙ וְרַב־חֶ֔סֶד נֹשֵׂ֥א עָוֺ֖ן וָפָ֑שַׁע וְנַקֵּה֙ לֹ֣א יְנַקֶּ֔ה פֹּקֵ֞ד עֲוֺ֤ן אָבוֹת֙ עַל־בָּנִ֔ים עַל־שִׁלֵּשִׁ֖ים וְעַל־רִבֵּעִֽים׃", "text": "*YHWH ʾerek ʾappayim wə-rab-ḥesed nōśēʾ ʿāwōn wā-pāšaʿ wə-naqqēh lōʾ yənaqqeh pōqēd ʿăwōn ʾābōt ʿal-bānîm ʿal-šillēšîm wə-ʿal-ribbēʿîm*", "grammar": { "*YHWH*": "divine name, tetragrammaton", "*ʾerek*": "masculine singular construct - long/slow of", "*ʾappayim*": "masculine dual noun - nostrils/anger", "*wə-rab*": "conjunction + masculine singular construct - and abundant/great of", "*ḥesed*": "masculine singular noun - lovingkindness/steadfast love", "*nōśēʾ*": "participle, masculine singular, Qal form of *nśʾ* - bearing/carrying/forgiving", "*ʿāwōn*": "masculine singular noun - iniquity/guilt", "*wā-pāšaʿ*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun - and transgression/rebellion", "*wə-naqqēh*": "conjunction + Piel infinitive absolute of *nqh* - and clearing/acquitting", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yənaqqeh*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, Piel form of *nqh* - he will clear/acquit", "*pōqēd*": "participle, masculine singular, Qal form of *pqd* - visiting/punishing", "*ʿăwōn*": "masculine singular construct - iniquity/guilt of", "*ʾābōt*": "masculine plural noun - fathers", "*ʿal-bānîm*": "preposition + masculine plural noun - upon sons/children", "*ʿal-šillēšîm*": "preposition + masculine plural noun - upon third generation", "*wə-ʿal-ribbēʿîm*": "conjunction + preposition + masculine plural noun - and upon fourth generation" }, "variants": { "*ʾerek ʾappayim*": "slow to anger/patient/longsuffering (lit: long of nostrils)", "*rab-ḥesed*": "abundant in lovingkindness/great in steadfast love", "*nōśēʾ*": "bearing/carrying/forgiving/lifting", "*ʿāwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/sin/punishment for iniquity", "*pāšaʿ*": "transgression/rebellion/revolt", "*wə-naqqēh lōʾ yənaqqeh*": "by no means clearing the guilty/will certainly not acquit/yet not leaving unpunished", "*pōqēd*": "visiting/punishing/attending to", "*šillēšîm*": "third ones/third generation", "*ribbēʿîm*": "fourth ones/fourth generation" } }

  • 17 { "verseID": "Exodus.34.17", "source": "אֱלֹהֵ֥י מַסֵּכָ֖ה לֹ֥א תַעֲשֶׂה־לָּֽךְ׃", "text": "*ʾĕlōhê* *massēkāh* *lōʾ* *taʿăśeh*-*lāk*", "grammar": { "*ʾĕlōhê*": "masculine plural construct - gods of", "*massēkāh*": "feminine singular - molten image/cast idol", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*taʿăśeh*": "Qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you shall make", "*lāk*": "preposition with 2nd masculine singular suffix - for yourself" }, "variants": { "*ʾĕlōhê*": "gods/deities of", "*massēkāh*": "molten image/cast metal/something poured out" } }

  • 3 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.17.3", "source": "וַיֵּ֗לֶךְ וֽ͏ַיַּעֲבֹד֙ אֱלֹהִ֣ים אֲחֵרִ֔ים וַיִּשְׁתַּ֖חוּ לָהֶ֑ם וְלַשֶּׁ֣מֶשׁ ׀ א֣וֹ לַיָּרֵ֗חַ א֛וֹ לְכָל־צְבָ֥א הַשָּׁמַ֖יִם אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹא־צִוִּֽיתִי׃", "text": "And *yēlek* and *yaʿăḇōd* *ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾăḥērîm* and *yištaḥû* to them, and to the *šemeš* or to the *yārēaḥ* or to all *ṣəḇāʾ* the *šāmayim* which not *ṣiwwîtî*.", "grammar": { "וַיֵּ֗לֶךְ": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3ms consecutive - and he goes/went", "וֽ͏ַיַּעֲבֹד֙": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3ms consecutive - and he serves/served", "אֱלֹהִ֣ים": "noun masculine plural - gods", "אֲחֵרִ֔ים": "adjective masculine plural - other/foreign", "וַיִּשְׁתַּ֖חוּ": "conjunction + hishtaphel imperfect 3ms consecutive - and he bows down/prostrates", "לָהֶ֑ם": "preposition + 3mp suffix - to them", "וְלַשֶּׁ֣מֶשׁ": "conjunction + preposition + article + noun feminine singular - and to the sun", "א֣וֹ": "conjunction - or", "לַיָּרֵ֗חַ": "preposition + article + noun masculine singular - to the moon", "א֛וֹ": "conjunction - or", "לְכָל־צְבָ֥א": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct + noun masculine singular construct - to all host of", "הַשָּׁמַ֖יִם": "article + noun masculine plural - the heavens", "אֲשֶׁ֥ר": "relative particle - which", "לֹא־צִוִּֽיתִי": "negative particle + piel perfect 1cs - I did not command" }, "variants": { "*yēlek*": "goes/walks/proceeds", "*yaʿăḇōd*": "serves/worships/works for", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "gods/deities", "*ʾăḥērîm*": "other/foreign/strange", "*yištaḥû*": "bows down/prostrates/worships", "*šemeš*": "sun", "*yārēaḥ*": "moon", "*ṣəḇāʾ*": "host/army/multitude", "*šāmayim*": "heavens/sky", "*ṣiwwîtî*": "I commanded/I ordered" } }

  • 2 { "verseID": "Leviticus.18.2", "source": "דַּבֵּר֙ אֶל־בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְאָמַרְתָּ֖ אֲלֵהֶ֑ם אֲנִ֖י יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם׃", "text": "*Dabbēr* *ʾel*-*bənê* *Yiśrāʾēl* *wəʾāmartā* *ʾălēhem* *ʾănî* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkem*", "grammar": { "*Dabbēr*": "Piel imperative, masculine singular - speak", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to/toward", "*bənê*": "construct noun, masculine plural - sons of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*wəʾāmartā*": "waw-consecutive + Qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - and you shall say", "*ʾălēhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - to them", "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêkem*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your God" }, "variants": { "*bənê*": "sons/children/descendants", "*wəʾāmartā*": "and say/and you shall say", "*ʾĕlōhêkem*": "your God/your gods" } }

  • 18 { "verseID": "Leviticus.19.18", "source": "לֹֽא־תִקֹּ֤ם וְלֹֽא־תִטֹּר֙ אֶת־בְּנֵ֣י עַמֶּ֔ךָ וְאָֽהַבְתָּ֥ לְרֵעֲךָ֖ כָּמ֑וֹךָ אֲנִ֖י יְהוָֽה", "text": "*lōʾ*-*ṯiqqōm* *wə-lōʾ*-*ṯiṭṭōr* *ʾeṯ*-*bənê* *ʿammeḵā* *wə-ʾāhaḇtā* *lərēʿăḵā* *kāmôḵā* *ʾănî* *YHWH*", "grammar": { "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ṯiqqōm*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall take vengeance", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*ṯiṭṭōr*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall bear a grudge", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons/children of", "*ʿammeḵā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your people", "*wə-ʾāhaḇtā*": "conjunction + Qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - and you shall love", "*lərēʿăḵā*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - to your neighbor", "*kāmôḵā*": "preposition + 2nd masculine singular suffix - as yourself", "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular independent pronoun - I", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD" }, "variants": { "*ṯiqqōm*": "take vengeance/avenge", "*ṯiṭṭōr*": "bear a grudge/harbor resentment/keep anger", "*ʾāhaḇtā*": "love/have affection for" } }

  • 7 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.20.7", "source": "וָאֹמַ֣ר אֲלֵהֶ֗ם אִ֣ישׁ שִׁקּוּצֵ֤י עֵינָיו֙ הַשְׁלִ֔יכוּ וּבְגִלּוּלֵ֥י מִצְרַ֖יִם אַל־תִּטַּמָּ֑אוּ אֲנִ֖י יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם׃", "text": "And-*wāʾōmar* to-them, *ʾîš* *šiqqûṣê* *ʿênāyw* *hašlîkû* and-with-*gillûlê* *miṣrayim* *ʾal*-*tiṭṭammāʾû*; I *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkem*.", "grammar": { "*wāʾōmar*": "waw-consecutive with qal imperfect, 1st singular - and I said", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - each/each man", "*šiqqûṣê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - detestable things of", "*ʿênāyw*": "noun, feminine dual with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his eyes", "*hašlîkû*": "verb, hiphil imperative, masculine plural - cast away", "*gillûlê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - idols of", "*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*ʾal*": "negative particle - do not", "*tiṭṭammāʾû*": "verb, hitpael imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - defile yourselves", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*ʾĕlōhêkem*": "noun, masculine plural with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your God" }, "variants": { "*ʾîš*": "each man/each one", "*šiqqûṣê*": "detestable things/abominations/idols", "*hašlîkû*": "cast away/throw away/abandon", "*gillûlê*": "idols/dung idols/dung pellets (derogatory term)", "*tiṭṭammāʾû*": "defile yourselves/make yourselves unclean" } }

  • 7 { "verseID": "Joshua.23.7", "source": "לְבִלְתִּי־בוֹא֙ בַּגּוֹיִ֣ם הָאֵ֔לֶּה הַנִּשְׁאָרִ֥ים הָאֵ֖לֶּה אִתְּכֶ֑ם וּבְשֵׁ֨ם אֱלֹהֵיהֶ֤ם לֹא־תַזְכִּ֙ירוּ֙ וְלֹ֣א תַשְׁבִּ֔יעוּ וְלֹ֣א תַעַבְד֔וּם וְלֹ֥א תִֽשְׁתַּחֲו֖וּ לָהֶֽם׃", "text": "To not *bôʾ* in the *gôyim* the *ʾēlleh* the *nnišʾārîm* the *ʾēlleh* with you and in *šēm* *ʾĕlōhêhem* not *tazkîrû* and not *tašbîʿû* and not *taʿaḇdûm* and not *tištaḥăwû* to them.", "grammar": { "*bôʾ*": "qal infinitive construct - to come/enter", "*gôyim*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the nations", "*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun - these", "*nnišʾārîm*": "niphal participle masculine plural with definite article - the remaining ones", "*šēm*": "masculine singular construct - name of", "*ʾĕlōhêhem*": "masculine plural noun + 3mp suffix - their gods", "*tazkîrû*": "hiphil imperfect 2mp - you will mention/invoke", "*tašbîʿû*": "hiphil imperfect 2mp - you will make an oath", "*taʿaḇdûm*": "qal imperfect 2mp + 3mp suffix - you will serve them", "*tištaḥăwû*": "hishtaphel imperfect 2mp - you will bow down" }, "variants": { "*bôʾ*": "to come/enter/go in among", "*nnišʾārîm*": "remaining/left over/surviving", "*šēm*": "name/reputation/character", "*tazkîrû*": "mention/invoke/remember", "*tašbîʿû*": "make swear/cause to take an oath/adjure", "*taʿaḇdûm*": "serve them/work for them/worship them", "*tištaḥăwû*": "bow down/prostrate yourselves/worship" } }

  • 71%

    18 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.20.18", "source": "וָאֹמַ֤ר אֶל־בְּנֵיהֶם֙ בַּמִּדְבָּ֔ר בְּחוּקֵּ֤י אֲבֽוֹתֵיכֶם֙ אַל־תֵּלֵ֔כוּ וְאֶת־מִשְׁפְּטֵיהֶ֖ם אַל־תִּשְׁמֹ֑רוּ וּבְגִלּוּלֵיהֶ֖ם אַל־תִּטַּמָּֽאוּ", "text": "And *ʾōmar* to their *bənêhem* in the *midbar*, in the *ḥûqqê* of your *ʾăbôtêkem* not *tēlēkû*, and their *mišpəṭêhem* not *tišmōrû*, and with their *gillûlêhem* not *tiṭṭammāʾû*", "grammar": { "*wā-*": "conjunction, consecutive - and, so", "*ʾōmar*": "Qal imperfect 1st person singular - I said", "*ʾel-bənêhem*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to their children/sons", "*ba-midbar*": "preposition with definite article + noun, masculine singular - in the wilderness", "*bə-ḥûqqê*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct - in the statutes of", "*ʾăbôtêkem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your fathers", "*ʾal*": "negative particle (for commands) - do not", "*tēlēkû*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - you shall walk", "*wə-ʾet*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*mišpəṭêhem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their judgments", "*ʾal*": "negative particle (for commands) - do not", "*tišmōrû*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - you shall keep/observe", "*û-bə-gillûlêhem*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and with their idols", "*ʾal*": "negative particle (for commands) - do not", "*tiṭṭammāʾû*": "Hitpael imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - you shall defile yourselves" }, "variants": { "*ḥûqqê*": "statutes, decrees, prescribed laws", "*tēlēkû*": "walk, follow, live according to", "*mišpəṭêhem*": "their judgments, ordinances, legal decisions", "*tišmōrû*": "keep, observe, guard", "*gillûlêhem*": "their idols, their dung-gods (derogatory term)", "*tiṭṭammāʾû*": "defile yourselves, make yourselves unclean" } }

    19 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.20.19", "source": "אֲנִי֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֔ם בְּחֻקּוֹתַ֖י לֵ֑כוּ וְאֶת־מִשְׁפָּטַ֥י שִׁמְר֖וּ וַעֲשׂ֥וּ אוֹתָֽם", "text": "*ʾănî* *YHWH* your *ʾĕlōhêkem*, in my *ḥuqqôtay* *lēkû* and my *mišpāṭay* *šimrû* and *ʿăśû* them", "grammar": { "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêkem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your God", "*bə-ḥuqqôtay*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - in my statutes", "*lēkû*": "Qal imperative masculine plural - walk!", "*wə-ʾet*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*mišpāṭay*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - my judgments", "*šimrû*": "Qal imperative masculine plural - keep/observe!", "*wa-ʿăśû*": "conjunction + Qal imperative masculine plural - and do!", "*ʾôtām*": "direct object marker with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - them" }, "variants": { "*YHWH*": "Yahweh, the LORD (divine name)", "*ʾĕlōhêkem*": "your God, your deity", "*ḥuqqôtay*": "my statutes, my decrees, my prescribed laws", "*lēkû*": "walk, follow, live according to", "*mišpāṭay*": "my judgments, ordinances, legal decisions", "*šimrû*": "keep, observe, guard", "*ʿăśû*": "do, perform, fulfill" } }

  • 6 { "verseID": "1 Kings.9.6", "source": "אִם־שׁ֨וֹב תְּשֻׁב֜וּן אַתֶּ֤ם וּבְנֵיכֶם֙ מֵֽאַחֲרַ֔י וְלֹ֤א תִשְׁמְרוּ֙ מִצְוֺתַ֣י חֻקֹּתַ֔י אֲשֶׁ֥ר נָתַ֖תִּי לִפְנֵיכֶ֑ם וַהֲלַכְתֶּ֗ם וַעֲבַדְתֶּם֙ אֱלֹהִ֣ים אֲחֵרִ֔ים וְהִשְׁתַּחֲוִיתֶ֖ם לָהֶֽם׃", "text": "If-*šôb* *təšubûn* you and your-*bənêkem* from-after-me, and not *tišmərû* my-*miṣwōtay* my-*ḥuqqōtay* which *nātattî* before-you; *wahălaktem* and *waʿăbadtem* *ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾăḥērîm* and *wəhištaḥăwîtem* to-them.", "grammar": { "*šôb*": "qal infinitive absolute - turning/returning", "*təšubûn*": "qal imperfect 2mp + paragogic nun - you will turn/return", "*bənêkem*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 2mp suffix - your sons", "*tišmərû*": "qal imperfect 2mp - you will keep", "*miṣwōtay*": "noun, feminine plural construct + 1cs suffix - my commandments", "*ḥuqqōtay*": "noun, feminine plural construct + 1cs suffix - my statutes", "*nātattî*": "qal perfect 1cs - I gave", "*wahălaktem*": "waw consecutive + qal perfect 2mp - and you will go", "*waʿăbadtem*": "waw consecutive + qal perfect 2mp - and you will serve", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - gods", "*ʾăḥērîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - other", "*wəhištaḥăwîtem*": "waw consecutive + hishtaphel perfect 2mp - and you will bow down" }, "variants": { "*šôb təšubûn*": "surely turn away/emphatic turning away", "*miṣwōtay*": "my commandments/precepts/orders", "*ḥuqqōtay*": "my statutes/decrees/ordinances", "*ʾĕlōhîm ʾăḥērîm*": "other gods/foreign deities", "*wəhištaḥăwîtem*": "and you will bow down/prostrate yourselves/worship" } }

  • 12 { "verseID": "Exodus.20.12", "source": "כַּבֵּ֥ד אֶת־אָבִ֖יךָ וְאֶת־אִמֶּ֑ךָ לְמַ֙עַן֙ יַאֲרִכ֣וּן יָמֶ֔יךָ עַ֚ל הָאֲדָמָ֔ה אֲשֶׁר־יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ נֹתֵ֥ן לָֽךְ׃", "text": "*kabbēḏ ʾeṯ-ʾāḇîḵā wə-ʾeṯ-ʾimmeḵā ləmaʿan yaʾărîḵûn yāmeḵā ʿal hā-ʾăḏāmāh ʾăsher-YHWH ʾĕlōheḵā nōṯēn lāḵ*", "grammar": { "*kabbēḏ*": "piel imperative, masculine singular - honor", "*ʾeṯ-ʾāḇîḵā*": "direct object marker + masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your father", "*wə-ʾeṯ-ʾimmeḵā*": "conjunction + direct object marker + feminine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - and your mother", "*ləmaʿan*": "conjunction - so that", "*yaʾărîḵûn*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they may be long", "*yāmeḵā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your days", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon", "*hā-ʾăḏāmāh*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the land", "*ʾăsher*": "relative pronoun - which", "*YHWH*": "proper name - LORD/YHWH", "*ʾĕlōheḵā*": "masculine plural noun construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your God", "*nōṯēn*": "qal participle, masculine singular - giving", "*lāḵ*": "preposition with 2nd masculine singular suffix - to you" }, "variants": { "*kabbēḏ*": "honor/glorify/make heavy (with respect)", "*yaʾărîḵûn*": "may be long/may be prolonged", "*hā-ʾăḏāmāh*": "the land/the ground/the earth/the soil" } }

  • 71%

    32 { "verseID": "Exodus.23.32", "source": "לֹֽא־תִכְרֹ֥ת לָהֶ֛ם וְלֵאלֹֽהֵיהֶ֖ם בְּרִֽית׃", "text": "Not-*tikrōt* to-them and-to-*ʾĕlōhêhem* *bĕrît*", "grammar": { "*tikrōt*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - cut/make", "*ʾĕlōhêhem*": "noun masculine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their gods", "*bĕrît*": "noun feminine singular - covenant/agreement" }, "variants": { "*tikrōt bĕrît*": "make a covenant/cut an agreement/establish a treaty", "*ʾĕlōhêhem*": "their gods/deities" } }

    33 { "verseID": "Exodus.23.33", "source": "לֹ֤א יֵשְׁבוּ֙ בְּאַרְצְךָ֔ פֶּן־יַחֲטִ֥יאוּ אֹתְךָ֖ לִ֑י כִּ֤י תַעֲבֹד֙ אֶת־אֱלֹ֣הֵיהֶ֔ם כִּֽי־יִהְיֶ֥ה לְךָ֖ לְמוֹקֵֽשׁ׃", "text": "Not *yēšĕbû* in-*ʾarṣĕkā* lest-*yaḥăṭîʾû* you to-me for *taʿăbōd* *ʾet*-*ʾĕlōhêhem* for-*yihyeh* to-you to-*môqēš*", "grammar": { "*yēšĕbû*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they will dwell/live", "*ʾarṣĕkā*": "noun feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your land", "*yaḥăṭîʾû*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they will cause to sin", "*taʿăbōd*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you will serve/worship", "*ʾĕlōhêhem*": "noun masculine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their gods", "*yihyeh*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - it will be/become", "*môqēš*": "noun masculine singular - snare/trap" }, "variants": { "*yēšĕbû*": "they will dwell/live/remain/settle", "*yaḥăṭîʾû*": "they will cause to sin/lead astray/make to err", "*taʿăbōd*": "you will serve/worship/work for", "*môqēš*": "snare/trap/stumbling block" } }

  • 12 { "verseID": "2 Kings.17.12", "source": "וַיַּֽעַבְד֖וּ הַגִּלֻּלִ֑ים אֲשֶׁ֨ר אָמַ֤ר יְהוָה֙ לָהֶ֔ם לֹ֥א תַעֲשׂ֖וּ אֶת־הַדָּבָ֥ר הַזֶּֽה׃", "text": "*wə*-*yaʿabdū* the-*gillūlîm* *ʾăsher* *ʾāmar* *YHWH* to-them *lōʾ* *taʿăsū* *ʾet*-the-*dābār* the-this.", "grammar": { "*wə-yaʿabdū*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd common plural - they served", "*ha-gillūlîm*": "definite noun, masculine plural - the idols/dung idols", "*ʾăsher*": "relative pronoun - about which", "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he said", "*YHWH*": "divine name - YHWH", "*lāhem*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - to them", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*taʿăsū*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall do", "*ʾet-ha-dābār*": "direct object marker with definite noun - the thing", "*ha-zeh*": "definite demonstrative pronoun - this" }, "variants": { "*yaʿabdū*": "served/worshiped", "*gillūlîm*": "idols/dung idols/abominations", "*taʿăsū*": "do/practice/perform" } }

  • 18 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.20.18", "source": "לְמַ֗עַן אֲשֶׁ֨ר לֹֽא־יְלַמְּד֤וּ אֶתְכֶם֙ לַעֲשׂ֔וֹת כְּכֹל֙ תּֽוֹעֲבֹתָ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָשׂ֖וּ לֵֽאלֹהֵיהֶ֑ם וַחֲטָאתֶ֖ם לַיהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם׃", "text": "For *ləma'an* *ʾăšer* not *yəlamməḏû* you to do *kəḵōl* *tô'ăḇōtām* *ʾăšer* they did to their *lēʾlōhêhem* and you would sin against *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêḵem*.", "grammar": { "*ləma'an*": "preposition + conjunction - in order that/so that", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - which/that", "לֹֽא": "negative particle - not", "*yəlamməḏû*": "piel imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they will teach", "אֶתְכֶם֙": "direct object marker with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - you (plural)", "לַעֲשׂ֔וֹת": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to do", "*kəḵōl*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - according to all of", "*tô'ăḇōtām*": "noun feminine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their abominations", "עָשׂ֖וּ": "qal perfect 3rd person common plural - they did/made", "*lēʾlōhêhem*": "preposition + noun masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to/for their gods", "וַחֲטָאתֶ֖ם": "conjunction + qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural - and you would sin", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾĕlōhêḵem*": "noun masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your God" }, "variants": { "*ləma'an*": "in order that/so that/for the purpose that", "*tô'ăḇōtām*": "their abominations/detestable practices/abhorrent rituals", "*lēʾlōhêhem*": "to their gods/for their deities", "*YHWH*": "the proper name of Israel's God/often translated as LORD" } }

  • 3 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.44.3", "source": "מִפְּנֵ֣י רָעָתָ֗ם אֲשֶׁ֤ר עָשׂוּ֙ לְהַכְעִסֵ֔נִי לָלֶ֣כֶת לְקַטֵּ֔ר לַעֲבֹ֖ד לֵאלֹהִ֣ים אֲחֵרִ֑ים אֲשֶׁר֙ לֹ֣א יְדָע֔וּם הֵ֖מָּה אַתֶּ֥ם וַאֲבֹתֵיכֶֽם׃", "text": "From-face-of *rāʿātām* which *ʿāśû* to-*hakʿîsēnî* to-*lāleket* to-*qaṭṭēr* to-*ʿăbōd* to-*ʾĕlōhîm ʾăḥērîm* which not *yedāʿûm* they you and-*ʾăbōtêkem*", "grammar": { "*rāʿātām*": "noun with possessive suffix, 3rd plural - their evil/wickedness", "*ʿāśû*": "perfect verb, 3rd plural - they did/made", "*hakʿîsēnî*": "hiphil infinitive with object suffix, 1st singular - to provoke me to anger", "*lāleket*": "infinitive construct with preposition - to go/walk", "*qaṭṭēr*": "piel infinitive with preposition - to burn incense/offer sacrifices", "*ʿăbōd*": "infinitive construct with preposition - to serve/worship", "*ʾĕlōhîm ʾăḥērîm*": "plural noun with adjective - other gods", "*yedāʿûm*": "perfect verb with object suffix, 3rd plural - they knew them", "*ʾăbōtêkem*": "plural noun with possessive suffix, 2nd plural - your fathers/ancestors" }, "variants": { "*rāʿātām*": "their evil/wickedness/sin/calamity", "*hakʿîsēnî*": "to provoke me to anger/to vex me", "*qaṭṭēr*": "to burn incense/offer sacrifices by burning" } }

  • 17 { "verseID": "Exodus.20.17", "source": "לֹ֥א תַחְמֹ֖ד בֵּ֣ית רֵעֶ֑ךָ לֹֽא־תַחְמֹ֞ד אֵ֣שֶׁת רֵעֶ֗ךָ וְעַבְדּ֤וֹ וַאֲמָתוֹ֙ וְשׁוֹר֣וֹ וַחֲמֹר֔וֹ וְכֹ֖ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר לְרֵעֶֽךָ׃", "text": "*lōʾ ṯaḥmōḏ bêṯ rēʿeḵā lōʾ-ṯaḥmōḏ ʾēsheṯ rēʿeḵā wə-ʿaḇdô wa-ʾămāṯô wə-shôrô wa-ḥămōrô wə-ḵōl ʾăsher lə-rēʿeḵā*", "grammar": { "*lōʾ ṯaḥmōḏ*": "negative particle + qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall not covet", "*bêṯ*": "masculine singular construct - house of", "*rēʿeḵā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your neighbor", "*lōʾ-ṯaḥmōḏ*": "negative particle + qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall not covet", "*ʾēsheṯ*": "feminine singular construct - wife of", "*rēʿeḵā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your neighbor", "*wə-ʿaḇdô*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - or his male servant", "*wa-ʾămāṯô*": "conjunction + feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - or his female servant", "*wə-shôrô*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - or his ox", "*wa-ḥămōrô*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - or his donkey", "*wə-ḵōl*": "conjunction + noun construct - or anything", "*ʾăsher*": "relative pronoun - that", "*lə-rēʿeḵā*": "preposition + masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - [belongs] to your neighbor" }, "variants": { "*ṯaḥmōḏ*": "covet/desire strongly/lust after/scheme to acquire", "*bêṯ*": "house/household/dwelling place/family", "*ʾēsheṯ*": "wife/woman" } }

  • 9 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.7.9", "source": "וְיָ֣דַעְתָּ֔ כִּֽי־יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ ה֣וּא הֽ͏ָאֱלֹהִ֑ים הָאֵל֙ הַֽנֶּאֱמָ֔ן שֹׁמֵ֧ר הַבְּרִ֣ית וְהַחֶ֗סֶד לְאֹהֲבָ֛יו וּלְשֹׁמְרֵ֥י מִצְוֺתָ֖יו לְאֶ֥לֶף דּֽוֹר׃", "text": "And you *yādaʿtā* that *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā* he is *hāʾĕlōhîm*, *hāʾēl* *hanneʾĕmān*, *šōmēr* the *bərît* and the *ḥesed* to *ʾōhăvāyw* and to *šōmərê* his *miṣwōtāyw* to a thousand *dôr*.", "grammar": { "*yādaʿtā*": "Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you shall know", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "noun masculine plural construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your God", "*hāʾĕlōhîm*": "article + noun masculine plural - the God/the true God", "*hāʾēl*": "article + noun masculine singular - the God/the deity", "*hanneʾĕmān*": "article + Niphal participle masculine singular - the faithful one", "*šōmēr*": "Qal participle masculine singular construct - keeper of", "*bərît*": "noun feminine singular - covenant", "*ḥesed*": "noun masculine singular - steadfast love/loyalty", "*ʾōhăvāyw*": "Qal participle masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - those loving him", "*šōmərê*": "Qal participle masculine plural construct - keepers of", "*miṣwōtāyw*": "noun feminine plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his commandments", "*dôr*": "noun masculine singular - generation" }, "variants": { "*yādaʿtā*": "know/recognize/acknowledge", "*hāʾĕlōhîm*": "the God/the true God/the deity", "*hāʾēl*": "the God/the Mighty One", "*hanneʾĕmān*": "the faithful one/the trustworthy one/the reliable one", "*šōmēr*": "keeper of/one who keeps/one who preserves", "*bərît*": "covenant/agreement/treaty", "*ḥesed*": "steadfast love/loyalty/faithfulness/kindness", "*ʾōhăvāyw*": "those loving him/those who love him", "*šōmərê*": "keepers of/observers of/those who keep", "*miṣwōtāyw*": "his commandments/his precepts/his ordinances", "*dôr*": "generation/age/period" } }