Exodus 23:11

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Exodus.23.11", "source": "וְהַשְּׁבִיעִ֞ת תִּשְׁמְטֶ֣נָּה וּנְטַשְׁתָּ֗הּ וְאָֽכְלוּ֙ אֶבְיֹנֵ֣י עַמֶּ֔ךָ וְיִתְרָ֕ם תֹּאכַ֖ל חַיַּ֣ת הַשָּׂדֶ֑ה כֵּֽן־תַּעֲשֶׂ֥ה לְכַרְמְךָ֖ לְזֵיתֶֽךָ׃", "text": "And-the-*šĕbîʿît* *tišmĕṭennāh* and-*nĕṭaštāh* and-*ʾākĕlû* *ʾebyōnê* *ʿammekā* and-*yitrām* *tōʾkal* *ḥayyat* the-*śādeh* thus-*taʿăśeh* for-*karmĕkā* for-*zêtekā*", "grammar": { "*šĕbîʿît*": "adjective feminine singular - seventh", "*tišmĕṭennāh*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - let it rest/release it", "*nĕṭaštāh*": "qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix with waw consecutive - leave it/abandon it", "*ʾākĕlû*": "qal perfect 3rd person common plural with waw consecutive (functions as imperfect) - they will eat", "*ʾebyōnê*": "noun masculine plural construct - poor/needy ones of", "*ʿammekā*": "noun masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your people", "*yitrām*": "noun masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their remainder/what they leave", "*tōʾkal*": "qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - will eat/consume", "*ḥayyat*": "noun feminine singular construct - beast/animal of", "*śādeh*": "noun masculine singular - field/open country", "*taʿăśeh*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - do/make", "*karmĕkā*": "noun masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your vineyard", "*zêtekā*": "noun masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your olive tree" }, "variants": { "*tišmĕṭennāh*": "let it rest/release it/let it drop", "*nĕṭaštāh*": "leave it/abandon it/forsake it", "*ʾebyōnê*": "poor/needy/destitute ones of", "*yitrām*": "their remainder/what they leave/leftovers", "*ḥayyat*": "beast/animal/living creature of" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וְהַשְּׁבִיעִ֞ת תִּשְׁמְטֶ֣נָּה וּנְטַשְׁתָּ֗הּ וְאָֽכְלוּ֙ אֶבְיֹנֵ֣י עַמֶּ֔ךָ וְיִתְרָ֕ם תֹּאכַ֖ל חַיַּ֣ת הַשָּׂדֶ֑ה כֵּֽן־תַּעֲשֶׂ֥ה לְכַרְמְךָ֖ לְזֵיתֶֽךָ׃

Transliteration

And-the-šĕbîʿît tišmĕṭennāh and-nĕṭaštāh and-ʾākĕlû ʾebyōnê ʿammekā and-yitrām tōʾkal ḥayyat the-śādeh thus-taʿăśeh for-karmĕkā for-zêtekā

Grammar Details

• *šĕbîʿît*: adjective feminine singular - seventh
• *tišmĕṭennāh*: qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - let it rest/release it
• *nĕṭaštāh*: qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix with waw consecutive - leave it/abandon it
• *ʾākĕlû*: qal perfect 3rd person common plural with waw consecutive (functions as imperfect) - they will eat
• *ʾebyōnê*: noun masculine plural construct - poor/needy ones of
• *ʿammekā*: noun masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your people
• *yitrām*: noun masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their remainder/what they leave
• *tōʾkal*: qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - will eat/consume
• *ḥayyat*: noun feminine singular construct - beast/animal of
• *śādeh*: noun masculine singular - field/open country
• *taʿăśeh*: qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - do/make
• *karmĕkā*: noun masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your vineyard
• *zêtekā*: noun masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your olive tree

Word Meanings

• *tišmĕṭennāh*: let it rest/release it/let it drop
• *nĕṭaštāh*: leave it/abandon it/forsake it
• *ʾebyōnê*: poor/needy/destitute ones of
• *yitrām*: their remainder/what they leave/leftovers
• *ḥayyat*: beast/animal/living creature of

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  But during the seventh year, you are to let it rest and leave it unplowed, so that the poor among your people may eat, and whatever they leave, the wild animals may eat. Do the same with your vineyard and olive grove.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  But the seventh year thou shalt let it rest and lie still; that the poor of thy people may eat: and what they leave the beasts of the field shall eat. In like manner thou shalt deal with thy vineyard, and with thy oliveyard.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  but in the seventh year you shall let it rest and lie fallow, that the poor of your people may eat; and what they leave, the beasts of the field shall eat. In like manner you shall do with your vineyard and your olive grove.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  But the seventh year thou shalt let it rest and lie still; that the poor of thy people may eat: and what they leave the beasts of the field shall eat. In like manner thou shalt deal with thy vineyard, and with thy oliveyard.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  but the seventh{H7637} year thou shalt let it rest{H8058} and lie{H5203} fallow, that the poor{H34} of thy people{H5971} may eat:{H398} and what they leave{H3499} the beast{H2416} of the field{H7704} shall eat.{H398} In like manner thou shalt deal{H6213} with thy vineyard,{H3754} [and] with thy oliveyard.{H2132}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  But the seventh{H7637} year thou shalt let it rest{H8058}{(H8799)} and lie{H5203}{(H8804)} still; that the poor{H34} of thy people{H5971} may eat{H398}{(H8804)}: and what they leave{H3499} the beasts{H2416} of the field{H7704} shall eat{H398}{(H8799)}. In like manner thou shalt deal{H6213}{(H8799)} with thy vineyard{H3754}, and with thy oliveyard{H2132}.

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  and the seuenth yere thou shalt let it rest and lye styll, that the poore of thi people maye eate, and what they leaue, the beestes of the felde shall eate: In like maner thou shalt do with thi vyneyarde ad thine olyue trees.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  In the seuenth yeare shalt thou let it rest and lye still, that the poore amonge thy people maye eate therof: and loke what remayneth ouer, let ye beestes of the felde eate it. Thus shalt thou do also with thy vynyarde and olyue trees.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  But the seuenth yeere thou shalt let it rest and lie still, that the poore of thy people may eat, and what they leaue, the beastes of the fielde shal eate. In like maner thou shalt doe with thy vineyard, and with thine oliue trees.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And the seuenth yere thou shalt let it rest and lie styll, that the poore of thy people may eate: And what they leaue, the beastes of the fielde shall eate. In lyke maner thou shalt deale with thy vineyarde and thyne oliue tree.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  But the seventh [year] thou shalt let it rest and lie still; that the poor of thy people may eat: and what they leave the beasts of the field shall eat. In like manner thou shalt deal with thy vineyard, [and] with thy oliveyard.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  but the seventh year you shall let it rest and lie fallow, that the poor of your people may eat; and what they leave the animal of the field shall eat. In like manner you shall deal with your vineyard and with your olive grove.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  and the seventh thou dost release it, and hast left it, and the needy of thy people have eaten, and their leaving doth the beast of the field eat; so dost thou to thy vineyard -- to thine olive-yard.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  but the seventh year thou shalt let it rest and lie fallow; that the poor of thy people may eat: and what they leave the beast of the field shall eat. In like manner thou shalt deal with thy vineyard, `and' with thy oliveyard.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  but the seventh year thou shalt let it rest and lie fallow, that the poor of thy people may eat: and what they leave the beast of the field shall eat. In like manner thou shalt deal with thy vineyard, [and] with thy oliveyard.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  But in the seventh year let the land have a rest and be unplanted; so that the poor may have food from it: and let the beasts of the field take the rest. Do the same with your vine-gardens and your olive-trees.

• World English Bible (2000)

  but the seventh year you shall let it rest and lie fallow, that the poor of your people may eat; and what they leave the animal of the field shall eat. In the same way, you shall deal with your vineyard and with your olive grove.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  But in the seventh year you must let it lie fallow and leave it alone so that the poor of your people may eat, and what they leave any animal in the field may eat; you must do likewise with your vineyard and your olive grove.

Referenced Verses

• Lev 25:2-7 : 2 { "verseID": "Leviticus.25.2", "source": "דַּבֵּ֞ר אֶל־בְּנֵ֤י יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ וְאָמַרְתָּ֣ אֲלֵהֶ֔ם כִּ֤י תָבֹ֙אוּ֙ אֶל־הָאָ֔רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲנִ֖י נֹתֵ֣ן לָכֶ֑ם וְשָׁבְתָ֣ה הָאָ֔רֶץ שַׁבָּ֖ת לַיהוָֽה׃", "text": "*Dabbēr* unto-*bənê Yiśrāʾēl wə-ʾāmartā* unto-them, when *tābōʾû* unto-*hā-ʾāreṣ ʾăšer ʾănî nōtēn* to-you, *wə-šābətāh hā-ʾāreṣ šabbāt* to-*YHWH*", "grammar": { "*Dabbēr*": "piel imperative, 2nd masculine singular - speak!", "*bənê*": "construct form, sons of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun, Israel", "*wə-ʾāmartā*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - and you shall say", "*tābōʾû*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you (plural) come/enter", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite article + common noun, feminine singular - the land", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I", "*nōtēn*": "qal active participle, masculine singular - giving", "*wə-šābətāh*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - and it shall rest", "*šabbāt*": "common noun, feminine singular - sabbath/rest" }, "variants": { "*tābōʾû*": "you come/you enter/you go", "*nōtēn*": "giving/am giving/about to give", "*šābətāh*": "shall rest/shall cease/shall observe sabbath", "*šabbāt*": "sabbath/rest/cessation" } } 3 { "verseID": "Leviticus.25.3", "source": "שֵׁ֤שׁ שָׁנִים֙ תִּזְרַ֣ע שָׂדֶ֔ךָ וְשֵׁ֥שׁ שָׁנִ֖ים תִּזְמֹ֣ר כַּרְמֶ֑ךָ וְאָסַפְתָּ֖ אֶת־תְּבוּאָתָֽהּ׃", "text": "Six *šānîm tizraʿ śādekā* and-six *šānîm tizmōr karmekā wə-ʾāsapetā* [direct object marker]-*təbûʾātāh*", "grammar": { "*šānîm*": "common noun, feminine plural - years", "*tizraʿ*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall sow", "*śādekā*": "common noun + 2nd masculine singular possessive suffix - your field", "*tizmōr*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall prune", "*karmekā*": "common noun + 2nd masculine singular possessive suffix - your vineyard", "*wə-ʾāsapetā*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - and you shall gather", "*təbûʾātāh*": "common noun + 3rd feminine singular possessive suffix - its produce" }, "variants": { "*tizraʿ*": "you shall sow/you may sow/you are to sow", "*tizmōr*": "you shall prune/you may prune/you are to prune", "*ʾāsapetā*": "you shall gather/you shall harvest/you shall collect" } } 4 { "verseID": "Leviticus.25.4", "source": "וּבַשָּׁנָ֣ה הַשְּׁבִיעִ֗ת שַׁבַּ֤ת שַׁבָּתוֹן֙ יִהְיֶ֣ה לָאָ֔רֶץ שַׁבָּ֖ת לַיהוָ֑ה שָֽׂדְךָ֙ לֹ֣א תִזְרָ֔ע וְכַרְמְךָ֖ לֹ֥א תִזְמֹֽר׃", "text": "And-in-*haššānāh haššəbîʿît šabbat šabbātôn yihyeh* to-*hā-ʾāreṣ*, *šabbāt* to-*YHWH*; *śādəkā lōʾ tizrāʿ wə-karməkā lōʾ tizmōr*", "grammar": { "*haššānāh*": "definite article + common noun, feminine singular - the year", "*haššəbîʿît*": "definite article + ordinal number, feminine singular - the seventh", "*šabbat*": "construct form - sabbath of", "*šabbātôn*": "common noun, masculine singular - complete rest/solemn rest", "*yihyeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - it will be", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite article + common noun, feminine singular - the land", "*šabbāt*": "common noun, feminine singular - sabbath/rest", "*śādəkā*": "common noun + 2nd masculine singular possessive suffix - your field", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*tizrāʿ*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall sow", "*wə-karməkā*": "conjunction + common noun + 2nd masculine singular possessive suffix - and your vineyard", "*tizmōr*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall prune" }, "variants": { "*šabbat šabbātôn*": "sabbath of complete rest/solemn sabbath/absolute cessation", "*yihyeh*": "will be/shall be/is to be", "*tizrāʿ*": "you shall sow/you may sow/you are to sow", "*tizmōr*": "you shall prune/you may prune/you are to prune" } } 5 { "verseID": "Leviticus.25.5", "source": "אֵ֣ת סְפִ֤יחַ קְצִֽירְךָ֙ לֹ֣א תִקְצ֔וֹר וְאֶת־עִנְּבֵ֥י נְזִירֶ֖ךָ לֹ֣א תִבְצֹ֑ר שְׁנַ֥ת שַׁבָּת֖וֹן יִהְיֶ֥ה לָאָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "[Direct object marker] *səpîaḥ qəṣîrəkā lōʾ tiqṣôr* and-[direct object marker]-*ʿinnəbê nəzîrekā lōʾ tibṣōr*; *šənat šabbātôn yihyeh lā-ʾāreṣ*", "grammar": { "*səpîaḥ*": "common noun, masculine singular - aftergrowth/volunteer crop", "*qəṣîrəkā*": "common noun + 2nd masculine singular possessive suffix - your harvest", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*tiqṣôr*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall reap", "*ʿinnəbê*": "construct form, plural - grapes of", "*nəzîrekā*": "common noun + 2nd masculine singular possessive suffix - your untrimmed vine/unpruned vine", "*tibṣōr*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall gather/harvest", "*šənat*": "construct form - year of", "*šabbātôn*": "common noun, masculine singular - complete rest/solemn rest", "*yihyeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - it will be", "*lā-ʾāreṣ*": "preposition + definite article + common noun, feminine singular - for the land" }, "variants": { "*səpîaḥ*": "aftergrowth/volunteer crop/self-sown crop", "*nəzîrekā*": "your untrimmed vine/your consecrated vine/your unpruned vine", "*tibṣōr*": "you shall gather/you shall harvest/you shall collect", "*šabbātôn*": "complete rest/solemn rest/cessation" } } 6 { "verseID": "Leviticus.25.6", "source": "וְ֠הָיְתָה שַׁבַּ֨ת הָאָ֤רֶץ לָכֶם֙ לְאָכְלָ֔ה לְךָ֖ וּלְעַבְדְּךָ֣ וְלַאֲמָתֶ֑ךָ וְלִשְׂכִֽירְךָ֙ וּלְתוֹשָׁ֣בְךָ֔ הַגָּרִ֖ים עִמָּֽךְ׃", "text": "*wə-hāytāh šabbat hā-ʾāreṣ lākem lə-ʾoklāh*, to-you and-to-*ʿabdəkā* and-to-*ʾămātekā* and-to-*śəkîrəkā* and-to-*tôšābəkā haggārîm ʿimmāk*", "grammar": { "*wə-hāytāh*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - and it shall be", "*šabbat*": "construct form - sabbath of", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite article + common noun, feminine singular - the land", "*lākem*": "preposition + 2nd masculine plural suffix - for you (plural)", "*lə-ʾoklāh*": "preposition + common noun, feminine singular - for food", "*ʿabdəkā*": "common noun + 2nd masculine singular possessive suffix - your male servant", "*ʾămātekā*": "common noun + 2nd masculine singular possessive suffix - your female servant", "*śəkîrəkā*": "common noun + 2nd masculine singular possessive suffix - your hired worker", "*tôšābəkā*": "common noun + 2nd masculine singular possessive suffix - your sojourner/resident alien", "*haggārîm*": "definite article + qal participle, masculine plural - the ones dwelling/residing", "*ʿimmāk*": "preposition + 2nd masculine singular suffix - with you" }, "variants": { "*šabbat*": "sabbath/rest/cessation", "*lə-ʾoklāh*": "for food/for eating/for consumption", "*tôšābəkā*": "your sojourner/your temporary resident/your foreign resident", "*haggārîm*": "the ones dwelling/the ones residing/the ones sojourning" } } 7 { "verseID": "Leviticus.25.7", "source": "וְלִ֨בְהֶמְתְּךָ֔ וְלַֽחַיָּ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר בְּאַרְצֶ֑ךָ תִּהְיֶ֥ה כָל־תְּבוּאָתָ֖הּ לֶאֱכֹֽל׃", "text": "And-for-*bəhemtəkā* and-for-*haḥayyāh ʾăšer bə-ʾarṣekā*, *tihyeh kol-təbûʾātāh le-ʾĕkōl*", "grammar": { "*bəhemtəkā*": "common noun + 2nd masculine singular possessive suffix - your cattle/livestock", "*haḥayyāh*": "definite article + common noun, feminine singular - the beast/animal", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*bə-ʾarṣekā*": "preposition + common noun + 2nd masculine singular possessive suffix - in your land", "*tihyeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - it will be", "*kol*": "construct form - all of", "*təbûʾātāh*": "common noun + 3rd feminine singular possessive suffix - its produce", "*le-ʾĕkōl*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - for eating/to eat" }, "variants": { "*bəhemtəkā*": "your cattle/your livestock/your domestic animals", "*haḥayyāh*": "the beast/the wild animal/the living creature", "*təbûʾātāh*": "its produce/its yield/its crop" } }
• Lev 25:11-12 : 11 { "verseID": "Leviticus.25.11", "source": "יוֹבֵ֣ל הִ֗וא שְׁנַ֛ת הַחֲמִשִּׁ֥ים שָׁנָ֖ה תִּהְיֶ֣ה לָכֶ֑ם לֹ֣א תִזְרָ֔עוּ וְלֹ֤א תִקְצְרוּ֙ אֶת־סְפִיחֶ֔יהָ וְלֹ֥א תִבְצְר֖וּ אֶת־נְזִרֶֽיהָ׃", "text": "*Yôbēl hiwʾ*, *šənat ha-ḥămiššîm šānāh tihyeh* to-you; *lōʾ tizrāʿû wə-lōʾ tiqṣərû* [direct object marker]-*səpîḥeyhā wə-lōʾ tibṣərû* [direct object marker]-*nəzireyhā*", "grammar": { "*Yôbēl*": "common noun, masculine singular - jubilee/ram's horn", "*hiwʾ*": "3rd feminine singular pronoun - it/she", "*šənat*": "construct form - year of", "*ha-ḥămiššîm*": "definite article + cardinal number - the fifty", "*šānāh*": "common noun, feminine singular - year", "*tihyeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - it will be", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*tizrāʿû*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall sow", "*tiqṣərû*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall reap", "*səpîḥeyhā*": "common noun, masculine plural + 3rd feminine singular suffix - its aftergrowth", "*tibṣərû*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall gather", "*nəzireyhā*": "common noun, masculine plural + 3rd feminine singular suffix - its untrimmed vines" }, "variants": { "*Yôbēl*": "jubilee/ram's horn/trumpet blast", "*tizrāʿû*": "you shall sow/you may sow/you are to sow", "*səpîḥeyhā*": "its aftergrowth/its volunteer crops/its self-sown crops", "*nəzireyhā*": "its untrimmed vines/its consecrated vines/its unpruned vines" } } 12 { "verseID": "Leviticus.25.12", "source": "כִּ֚י יוֹבֵ֣ל הִ֔וא קֹ֖דֶשׁ תִּהְיֶ֣ה לָכֶ֑ם מִן־הַ֨שָּׂדֶ֔ה תֹּאכְל֖וּ אֶת־תְּבוּאָתָֽהּ׃", "text": "For *yôbēl hiwʾ*, *qōdeš tihyeh* to-you; from-*haśśādeh tōʾklû* [direct object marker]-*təbûʾātāh*", "grammar": { "*yôbēl*": "common noun, masculine singular - jubilee/ram's horn", "*hiwʾ*": "3rd feminine singular pronoun - it/she", "*qōdeš*": "common noun, masculine singular - holiness/sacred", "*tihyeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - it will be", "*haśśādeh*": "definite article + common noun, masculine singular - the field", "*tōʾklû*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall eat", "*təbûʾātāh*": "common noun, feminine singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - its produce" }, "variants": { "*yôbēl*": "jubilee/ram's horn/trumpet blast", "*qōdeš*": "holiness/sacred/holy thing", "*təbûʾātāh*": "its produce/its yield/its crop" } }
• Lev 25:20 : 20 { "verseID": "Leviticus.25.20", "source": "וְכִ֣י תֹאמְר֔וּ מַה־נֹּאכַ֤֖‪[c]‬ל בַּשָּׁנָ֣ה הַשְּׁבִיעִ֑ת הֵ֚ן לֹ֣א נִזְרָ֔ע וְלֹ֥א נֶאֱסֹ֖ף אֶת־תְּבוּאָתֵֽנוּ׃", "text": "And if *wə-kî* *tōʾmrû* [you-shall-say] what-*mah*-*nōʾkal* [shall-we-eat] in-*ba-šānāh* [the-year] *ha-šəbîʿît* [the-seventh] behold *hēn* not *lōʾ* *nizrāʿ* [we-shall-sow] and not *wə-lōʾ* *neʾĕsōp* [we-shall-gather] *ʾet*-*təbûʾātēnû* [our-produce]", "grammar": { "*wə-kî*": "conjunction + conditional particle - and if/when", "*tōʾmrû*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you say/think", "*mah*": "interrogative pronoun - what", "*nōʾkal*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 1st person common plural - we shall eat", "*ba-šānāh*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - in the year", "*ha-šəbîʿît*": "definite article + adjective, feminine singular - the seventh", "*hēn*": "demonstrative particle - behold/see/lo", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*nizrāʿ*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 1st person common plural - we shall sow/plant", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*neʾĕsōp*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 1st person common plural - we shall gather/collect", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*təbûʾātēnû*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st person common plural suffix - our produce/yield/harvest" }, "variants": { "*ʾāmar*": "say/speak/think/command", "*ʾākal*": "eat/consume/devour", "*šānāh*": "year/period of time", "*šəbîʿî*": "seventh/week", "*zāraʿ*": "sow/scatter seed/plant", "*ʾāsap*": "gather/collect/harvest/bring in", "*təbûʾāh*": "produce/yield/harvest/income" } }
• Lev 25:22 : 22 { "verseID": "Leviticus.25.22", "source": "וּזְרַעְתֶּ֗ם אֵ֚ת הַשָּׁנָ֣ה הַשְּׁמִינִ֔ת וַאֲכַלְתֶּ֖ם מִן־הַתְּבוּאָ֣ה יָשָׁ֑ן עַ֣ד ׀ הַשָּׁנָ֣ה הַתְּשִׁיעִ֗ת עַד־בּוֹא֙ תְּב֣וּאָתָ֔הּ תֹּאכְל֖וּ יָשָֽׁן׃", "text": "And *û-zəraʿtem* [you-shall-sow] *ʾēt* *ha-šānāh* [the-year] *ha-šəmînît* [the-eighth] and *wa-ʾăkaltem* [you-shall-eat] from-*min*-*ha-təbûʾāh* [the-produce] *yāšān* [old] until-*ʿad* *ha-šānāh* [the-year] *ha-təšîʿît* [the-ninth] until-*ʿad*-*bôʾ* [coming-of] *təbûʾātāh* [her-produce] *tōʾklû* [you-shall-eat] *yāšān* [old]", "grammar": { "*û-zəraʿtem*": "conjunction + verb, Qal perfect, 2nd person masculine plural - and you shall sow/plant", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*ha-šānāh*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the year", "*ha-šəmînît*": "definite article + adjective, feminine singular - the eighth", "*wa-ʾăkaltem*": "conjunction + verb, Qal perfect, 2nd person masculine plural - and you shall eat", "*min*": "preposition - from", "*ha-təbûʾāh*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the produce/yield/harvest", "*yāšān*": "adjective, masculine singular - old/stored", "*ʿad*": "preposition - until/as far as", "*ha-šānāh*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the year", "*ha-təšîʿît*": "definite article + adjective, feminine singular - the ninth", "*ʿad*": "preposition - until/as far as", "*bôʾ*": "verb, Qal infinitive construct - coming/entering", "*təbûʾātāh*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her produce/yield", "*tōʾklû*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you shall eat", "*yāšān*": "adjective, masculine singular - old/stored" }, "variants": { "*zāraʿ*": "sow/scatter seed/plant", "*šānāh*": "year/period of time", "*šəmînî*": "eighth", "*ʾākal*": "eat/consume/devour", "*təbûʾāh*": "produce/yield/harvest/income", "*yāšān*": "old/stored/aged", "*təšîʿî*": "ninth", "*bôʾ*": "come/enter/arrive" } }
• Lev 26:34-35 : 34 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.34", "source": "אָז֩ תִּרְצֶ֨ה הָאָ֜רֶץ אֶת־שַׁבְּתֹתֶ֗יהָ כֹּ֚ל יְמֵ֣י הֳשַׁמָּ֔ה וְאַתֶּ֖ם בְּאֶ֣רֶץ אֹיְבֵיכֶ֑ם אָ֚ז תִּשְׁבַּ֣ת הָאָ֔רֶץ וְהִרְצָ֖ת אֶת־שַׁבְּתֹתֶֽיהָ׃", "text": "Then *ʾāz* *tirṣeh* *hā-ʾāreṣ* *ʾet*-*šabbəṯōṯêhā* all *kōl* days of *yəmê* *hošammâ* and you *wə-ʾattem* in land of *bə-ʾereṣ* your enemies *ʾōyəḇêḵem* then *ʾāz* *tišbaṯ* *hā-ʾāreṣ* and *wə-hirṣāṯ* *ʾet*-*šabbəṯōṯêhā*.", "grammar": { "*ʾāz*": "adverb - then/at that time", "*tirṣeh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - she will enjoy/accept", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the land", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*šabbəṯōṯêhā*": "feminine plural noun with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her sabbaths", "*kōl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all of", "*yəmê*": "masculine plural construct - days of", "*hošammâ*": "Hophal infinitive construct with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her being desolate", "*wə-ʾattem*": "conjunction + 2nd person masculine plural independent pronoun - and you", "*bə-ʾereṣ*": "preposition + construct - in land of", "*ʾōyəḇêḵem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your enemies", "*ʾāz*": "adverb - then/at that time", "*tišbaṯ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - she will rest", "*wə-hirṣāṯ*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect 3rd person feminine singular - and she will make up for", "*šabbəṯōṯêhā*": "feminine plural noun with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her sabbaths" }, "variants": { "*ʾāz*": "then/at that time", "*tirṣeh*": "enjoy/accept/be pleased with", "*ʾāreṣ*": "land/earth/ground", "*šabbəṯōṯêhā*": "her sabbaths/rest periods", "*hošammâ*": "being desolate/lying waste", "*ʾōyəḇêḵem*": "your enemies/foes/adversaries", "*tišbaṯ*": "rest/cease/desist", "*hirṣāṯ*": "make up for/satisfy/pay off" } } 35 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.35", "source": "כָּל־יְמֵ֥י הָשַׁמָּ֖ה תִּשְׁבֹּ֑ת אֵ֣ת אֲשֶׁ֧ר לֹֽא־שָׁבְתָ֛ה בְּשַׁבְּתֹתֵיכֶ֖ם בְּשִׁבְתְּכֶ֥ם עָלֶֽיהָ׃", "text": "All *kol*-*yəmê* *ha-šammâ* *tišbōṯ* *ʾēṯ* that which *ʾăšer* *lōʾ*-*šāḇəṯâ* in your sabbaths *bə-šabbəṯōṯêḵem* in your dwelling *bə-šiḇtəḵem* upon it *ʿālêhā*.", "grammar": { "*kol*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all of", "*yəmê*": "masculine plural construct - days of", "*ha-šammâ*": "definite article + Qal infinitive construct - the desolation", "*tišbōṯ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - it will rest", "*ʾēṯ*": "direct object marker", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*šāḇəṯâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular - she rested", "*bə-šabbəṯōṯêḵem*": "preposition + feminine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - in your sabbaths", "*bə-šiḇtəḵem*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - in your dwelling", "*ʿālêhā*": "preposition with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - upon it" }, "variants": { "*yəmê*": "days of", "*šammâ*": "desolation/devastation", "*tišbōṯ*": "rest/cease/desist", "*šāḇəṯâ*": "rested/ceased/desisted", "*šabbəṯōṯêḵem*": "your sabbaths/rest periods", "*šiḇtəḵem*": "your dwelling/sitting/remaining" } }