14{
"verseID": "Exodus.31.14",
"source": "וּשְׁמַרְתֶּם֙ אֶת־הַשַּׁבָּ֔ת כִּ֛י קֹ֥דֶשׁ הִ֖וא לָכֶ֑ם מְחַֽלְלֶ֙יהָ֙ מ֣וֹת יוּמָ֔ת כִּ֗י כָּל־הָעֹשֶׂ֥ה בָהּ֙ מְלָאכָ֔ה וְנִכְרְתָ֛ה הַנֶּ֥פֶשׁ הַהִ֖וא מִקֶּ֥רֶב עַמֶּֽיהָ׃",
"text": "And *wə-* *šāmar* *ʾet*-the-*šabbāt* for *qōdeš* *hîʾ* to-you *ḥālal*-it *môt* *mût* for all-the-*ʿāśâ* in-it *məlāʾkâ* and *wə-* *kārat* the-*nepeš* the-*hûʾ* from-*qereb* *ʿammeyhā*",
"grammar": {
"*šāmar*": "qal perfect, 2nd masculine plural with conjunction *wə* - and you shall keep",
"*šabbāt*": "noun, feminine singular with direct object marker and definite article - the sabbath",
"*qōdeš*": "noun, masculine singular - holiness/holy thing",
"*hîʾ*": "3rd feminine singular pronoun - it/she",
"*ḥālal*": "piel participle, masculine plural with 3rd feminine singular suffix - profaning it",
"*môt*": "infinitive absolute - surely",
"*mût*": "hophal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he shall be put to death",
"*ʿāśâ*": "qal participle, masculine singular with definite article - the one doing",
"*məlāʾkâ*": "noun, feminine singular - work",
"*kārat*": "niphal perfect, 3rd feminine singular with conjunction *wə* - and shall be cut off",
"*nepeš*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the soul/person",
"*hûʾ*": "demonstrative adjective, feminine singular - that",
"*qereb*": "noun, masculine singular construct with preposition *min* - from midst of",
"*ʿammeyhā*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her peoples"
},
"variants": {
"*šāmar*": "keep/observe/guard",
"*qōdeš*": "holy/sacred/sanctified",
"*ḥālal*": "profaners/defilers/violators",
"*môt* *mût*": "surely be put to death/certainly die",
"*kārat*": "cut off/excommunicated/removed",
"*nepeš*": "soul/person/life",
"*qereb*": "midst/among/within"
}
}
15{
"verseID": "Exodus.31.15",
"source": "שֵׁ֣שֶׁת יָמִים֮ יֵעָשֶׂ֣ה מְלָאכָה֒ וּבַיּ֣וֹם הַשְּׁבִיעִ֗י שַׁבַּ֧ת שַׁבָּת֛וֹן קֹ֖דֶשׁ לַיהוָ֑ה כָּל־הָעֹשֶׂ֧ה מְלָאכָ֛ה בְּי֥וֹם הַשַׁבָּ֖ת מ֥וֹת יוּמָֽת׃",
"text": "Six *yāmîm* *ʿāśâ* *məlāʾkâ* and in-the-*yôm* the-seventh *šabbat* *šabbātôn* *qōdeš* to-*YHWH* all-the-*ʿāśâ* *məlāʾkâ* in-*yôm* the-*šabbāt* *môt* *mût*",
"grammar": {
"*yāmîm*": "noun, masculine plural construct - days of",
"*ʿāśâ*": "niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - shall be done",
"*məlāʾkâ*": "noun, feminine singular - work",
"*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular with preposition *bə* and definite article - and in the day",
"*šabbat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - sabbath of",
"*šabbātôn*": "noun, masculine singular - solemn rest",
"*qōdeš*": "noun, masculine singular - holiness",
"*ʿāśâ*": "qal participle, masculine singular with definite article and quantifier *kol* - all the one doing",
"*məlāʾkâ*": "noun, feminine singular - work",
"*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular construct with preposition *bə* - in day of",
"*šabbāt*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the sabbath",
"*môt*": "infinitive absolute - surely",
"*mût*": "hophal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he shall be put to death"
},
"variants": {
"*yāmîm*": "days",
"*ʿāśâ*": "shall be done/shall be performed",
"*məlāʾkâ*": "work/labor/occupation",
"*šabbat* *šabbātôn*": "sabbath of complete rest/absolute sabbath",
"*qōdeš*": "holy/sacred/set apart",
"*môt* *mût*": "surely be put to death/certainly die"
}
}
16{
"verseID": "Exodus.31.16",
"source": "וְשָׁמְר֥וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל אֶת־הַשַּׁבָּ֑ת לַעֲשׂ֧וֹת אֶת־הַשַּׁבָּ֛ת לְדֹרֹתָ֖ם בְּרִ֥ית עוֹלָֽם׃",
"text": "And *wə-* *šāmar* *bənê*-*Yiśrāʾēl* *ʾet*-the-*šabbāt* to-*ʿāśâ* *ʾet*-the-*šabbāt* for-*dōrōtām* *bərît* *ʿôlām*",
"grammar": {
"*šāmar*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural with conjunction *wə* - and they shall keep",
"*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of",
"*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*šabbāt*": "noun, feminine singular with direct object marker and definite article - the sabbath",
"*ʿāśâ*": "qal infinitive construct with preposition *lə* - to observe/celebrate",
"*šabbāt*": "noun, feminine singular with direct object marker and definite article - the sabbath",
"*dōrōtām*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix and preposition *lə* - for their generations",
"*bərît*": "noun, feminine singular construct - covenant of",
"*ʿôlām*": "noun, masculine singular - everlasting/perpetuity"
},
"variants": {
"*šāmar*": "keep/observe/guard",
"*ʿāśâ*": "observe/celebrate/keep",
"*dōrōtām*": "their generations/throughout their generations",
"*bərît* *ʿôlām*": "everlasting covenant/perpetual covenant"
}
}
17{
"verseID": "Exodus.31.17",
"source": "בֵּינִ֗י וּבֵין֙ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל א֥וֹת הִ֖וא לְעֹלָ֑ם כִּי־שֵׁ֣שֶׁת יָמִ֗ים עָשָׂ֤ה יְהוָה֙ אֶת־הַשָּׁמַ֣יִם וְאֶת־הָאָ֔רֶץ וּבַיּוֹם֙ הַשְּׁבִיעִ֔י שָׁבַ֖ת וַיִּנָּפַֽשׁ׃ ס",
"text": "Between-me and-between *bənê* *Yiśrāʾēl* *ʾôt* *hîʾ* for-*ʿôlām* for-six *yāmîm* *ʿāśâ* *YHWH* *ʾet*-the-*šāmayim* and-*ʾet*-the-*ʾereṣ* and-in-the-*yôm* the-seventh *šābat* and-*wə-* *nāpaš*",
"grammar": {
"*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of",
"*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*ʾôt*": "noun, feminine singular - sign",
"*hîʾ*": "3rd feminine singular pronoun - it/she",
"*ʿôlām*": "noun, masculine singular with preposition *lə* - for ever",
"*yāmîm*": "noun, masculine plural - days",
"*ʿāśâ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - made",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun, subject - the LORD/Yahweh",
"*šāmayim*": "noun, masculine plural with direct object marker and definite article - the heavens",
"*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular with direct object marker, conjunction *wə* and definite article - and the earth",
"*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular with preposition *bə*, conjunction *wə* and definite article - and in the day",
"*šābat*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he rested",
"*nāpaš*": "niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with sequential *wə* - and was refreshed"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾôt*": "sign/token/mark",
"*ʿôlām*": "forever/perpetually/eternity",
"*ʿāśâ*": "made/created/produced",
"*šāmayim*": "heavens/sky",
"*ʾereṣ*": "earth/land/ground",
"*šābat*": "rested/ceased/desisted",
"*nāpaš*": "was refreshed/was restored/was reinvigorated"
}
}