Ezekiel 16:46

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.46", "source": "וַאֲחוֹתֵ֨ךְ הַגְּדוֹלָ֤ה שֹֽׁמְרוֹן֙ הִ֣יא וּבְנוֹתֶ֔יהָ הַיּוֹשֶׁ֖בֶת עַל־שְׂמֹאולֵ֑ךְ וַאֲחוֹתֵ֞ךְ הַקְּטַנָּ֣ה מִמֵּ֗ךְ הַיּוֹשֶׁ֙בֶת֙ מִֽימִינֵ֔ךְ סְדֹ֖ם וּבְנוֹתֶֽיהָ׃", "text": "And your *waʾăḥôtēḵ* the *hagədôlāh* *šōmərôn* she *hîʾ* and her *ûḇənôtehā*, the *hayyôšeḇet* on *ʿal*-your *śəmōʾwlēḵ*; and your *waʾăḥôtēḵ* the *haqqəṭannāh* than *mimmēḵ*, the *hayyôšeḇet* from your *mîmînēḵ*, *sədōm* and her *ûḇənôtehā*.", "grammar": { "*waʾăḥôtēḵ*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular with 2nd feminine singular suffix - and your sister", "*hagədôlāh*": "definite article + adjective, feminine singular - the older/greater", "*šōmərôn*": "proper noun - Samaria", "*hîʾ*": "personal pronoun, 3rd feminine singular - she", "*ûḇənôtehā*": "conjunction + noun, feminine plural with 3rd feminine singular suffix - and her daughters/surrounding villages", "*hayyôšeḇet*": "definite article + qal participle, feminine singular - the one who dwells/sits", "*ʿal*": "preposition - on/at", "*śəmōʾwlēḵ*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your left side/north", "*haqqəṭannāh*": "definite article + adjective, feminine singular - the younger/smaller", "*mimmēḵ*": "preposition with 2nd feminine singular suffix - than you", "*mîmînēḵ*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular with 2nd feminine singular suffix - from your right side/south", "*sədōm*": "proper noun - Sodom" }, "variants": { "*gədôlāh*": "older/greater/larger", "*yôšeḇet*": "dwelling/sitting/located at", "*śəmōʾwl*": "left side/north", "*qəṭannāh*": "younger/smaller/lesser", "*yāmîn*": "right side/south", "*bənôtehā*": "her daughters/surrounding towns and villages" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַאֲחוֹתֵ֨ךְ הַגְּדוֹלָ֤ה שֹֽׁמְרוֹן֙ הִ֣יא וּבְנוֹתֶ֔יהָ הַיּוֹשֶׁ֖בֶת עַל־שְׂמֹאולֵ֑ךְ וַאֲחוֹתֵ֞ךְ הַקְּטַנָּ֣ה מִמֵּ֗ךְ הַיּוֹשֶׁ֙בֶת֙ מִֽימִינֵ֔ךְ סְדֹ֖ם וּבְנוֹתֶֽיהָ׃

Transliteration

And your waʾăḥôtēḵ the hagədôlāh šōmərôn she hîʾ and her ûḇənôtehā, the hayyôšeḇet on ʿal-your śəmōʾwlēḵ; and your waʾăḥôtēḵ the haqqəṭannāh than mimmēḵ, the hayyôšeḇet from your mîmînēḵ, sədōm and her ûḇənôtehā.

Grammar Details

• *waʾăḥôtēḵ*: conjunction + noun, feminine singular with 2nd feminine singular suffix - and your sister
• *hagədôlāh*: definite article + adjective, feminine singular - the older/greater
• *šōmərôn*: proper noun - Samaria
• *hîʾ*: personal pronoun, 3rd feminine singular - she
• *ûḇənôtehā*: conjunction + noun, feminine plural with 3rd feminine singular suffix - and her daughters/surrounding villages
• *hayyôšeḇet*: definite article + qal participle, feminine singular - the one who dwells/sits
• *ʿal*: preposition - on/at
• *śəmōʾwlēḵ*: noun, masculine singular with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your left side/north
• *haqqəṭannāh*: definite article + adjective, feminine singular - the younger/smaller
• *mimmēḵ*: preposition with 2nd feminine singular suffix - than you
• *mîmînēḵ*: preposition + noun, feminine singular with 2nd feminine singular suffix - from your right side/south
• *sədōm*: proper noun - Sodom

Word Meanings

• *gədôlāh*: older/greater/larger
• *yôšeḇet*: dwelling/sitting/located at
• *śəmōʾwl*: left side/north
• *qəṭannāh*: younger/smaller/lesser
• *yāmîn*: right side/south
• *bənôtehā*: her daughters/surrounding towns and villages

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  Your elder sister was Samaria, who lived with her daughters to the north of you. Your younger sister was Sodom, who lived with her daughters to the south of you.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And thine elder sister is Samaria, she and her daughters that dwell at thy left hand: and thy younger sister, that dwelleth at thy right hand, is Sodom and her daughters.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  And your elder sister is Samaria, she and her daughters that dwell at your left hand; and your younger sister, that dwells at your right hand, is Sodom and her daughters.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And thine elder sister is Samaria, she and her daughters that dwell at thy left hand: and thy younger sister, that dwelleth at thy right hand, is Sodom and her daughters.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  And thine elder sister is Samaria, that dwelleth at thy left hand, she and her daughters; and thy younger sister, that dwelleth at thy right hand, is Sodom and her daughters.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And thine elder sister is Samaria, she and her daughters that dwell at thy left hand: and thy younger sister, that dwelleth at thy right hand, is Sodom and her daughters.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Thine eldest sister is Samaria, she and hir doughters that dwel vpo thy left honde. But thy yongest sister that dwelleth on ye right hode, is Sodoma and hir doughters.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  And thine elder sister is Samaria, and her daughters, that dwell at thy left hand, and thy yong sister, that dwelleth at thy right hand, is Sodom, and her daughters.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Thyne eldest sister is Samaria, she and her daughters that dwell vpon thy left hande: but thy younger sister that dwelleth on thy right hande is Sodoma and her daughters.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  And thine elder sister [is] Samaria, she and her daughters that dwell at thy left hand: and thy younger sister, that dwelleth at thy right hand, [is] Sodom and her daughters.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  Your elder sister is Samaria, who dwells at your left hand, she and her daughters; and your younger sister, who dwells at your right hand, is Sodom and her daughters.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  And thine elder sister `is' Samaria, she and her daughters, Who is dwelling at thy left hand, And thy younger sister, who is dwelling on thy right hand, `is' Sodom and her daughters.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And thine elder sister is Samaria, that dwelleth at thy left hand, she and her daughters; and thy younger sister, that dwelleth at thy right hand, is Sodom and her daughters.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And thine elder sister is Samaria, that dwelleth at thy left hand, she and her daughters; and thy younger sister, that dwelleth at thy right hand, is Sodom and her daughters.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  Your older sister is Samaria, living at your left hand, she and her daughters: and your younger sister, living at your right hand, is Sodom and her daughters.

• World English Bible (2000)

  Your elder sister is Samaria, who dwells at your left hand, she and her daughters; and your younger sister, who dwells at your right hand, is Sodom and her daughters.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  Your older sister was Samaria, who lived north of you with her daughters, and your younger sister, who lived south of you, was Sodom with her daughters.

Referenced Verses

• Ezek 23:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.4", "source": "וּשְׁמוֹתָ֗ן אָהֳלָ֤ה הַגְּדוֹלָה֙ וְאָהֳלִיבָ֣ה אֲחוֹתָ֔הּ וַתִּֽהְיֶ֣ינָה לִ֔י וַתֵּלַ֖דְנָה בָּנִ֣ים וּבָנ֑וֹת וּשְׁמוֹתָ֕ן שֹׁמְר֣וֹן אָהֳלָ֔ה וִירוּשָׁלַ֖͏ִם אָהֳלִיבָֽה׃", "text": "And *šəmôtān* *ʾāhŏlâ* *haggədôlâ* and *ʾāhŏlîḇâ* *ʾăḥôtāh* and *wattihyênâ* to me and *wattēladnâ* *bānîm* and *ḇānôt* and *šəmôtān* *šōmərôn* *ʾāhŏlâ* and *yərûšālaim* *ʾāhŏlîḇâ*", "grammar": { "*šəmôtān*": "plural noun + 3rd plural feminine suffix - their names", "*ʾāhŏlâ*": "proper noun - Oholah (lit. 'her tent')", "*haggədôlâ*": "definite article + feminine adjective - the elder/greater", "*ʾāhŏlîḇâ*": "proper noun - Oholibah (lit. 'my tent is in her')", "*ʾăḥôtāh*": "noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her sister", "*wattihyênâ*": "3rd plural feminine waw-consecutive imperfect of *hāyâ* - and they became", "*wattēladnâ*": "3rd plural feminine waw-consecutive imperfect of *yālad* - and they bore", "*bānîm*": "masculine plural noun - sons", "*ḇānôt*": "feminine plural noun - daughters", "*šōmərôn*": "proper noun - Samaria", "*yərûšālaim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem" }, "variants": { "*ʾāhŏlâ*": "Oholah/her tent", "*ʾāhŏlîḇâ*": "Oholibah/my tent is in her", "*haggədôlâ*": "the elder/greater/older", "*šōmərôn*": "Samaria/watch-mountain" } }
• Gen 13:10-13 : 10 { "verseID": "Genesis.13.10", "source": "וַיִּשָּׂא־ל֣וֹט אֶת־עֵינָ֗יו וַיַּרְא֙ אֶת־כָּל־כִּכַּ֣ר הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ן כִּ֥י כֻלָּ֖הּ מַשְׁקֶ֑ה לִפְנֵ֣י ׀ שַׁחֵ֣ת יְהוָ֗ה אֶת־סְדֹם֙ וְאֶת־עֲמֹרָ֔ה כְּגַן־יְהוָה֙ כְּאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרַ֔יִם בֹּאֲכָ֖ה צֹֽעַר׃", "text": "And *wayyiśśāʾ-Lôṭ* *ʿênāyw* and *wayyarĕʾ* all *kikkar* *haYYardēn*, that all of it *mašqê* before *šaḥēṯ* *YHWH* *Sĕḏōm* and *ʿĂmōrâ*, like *gan-YHWH*, like *ʾereṣ* *Miṣrayim*, as you come to *Ṣōʿar*.", "grammar": { "*wayyiśśāʾ-Lôṭ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular + proper noun - and Lot lifted", "*ʿênāyw*": "noun, feminine dual construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his eyes", "*wayyarĕʾ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he saw", "*kikkar*": "noun, feminine singular construct - plain/circle of", "*haYYardēn*": "definite article + proper noun - the Jordan", "*mašqê*": "hophal participle, masculine singular - was watered/well-watered", "*šaḥēṯ*": "piel infinitive construct - destroying", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD/Yahweh", "*Sĕḏōm*": "proper noun - Sodom", "*ʿĂmōrâ*": "proper noun - Gomorrah", "*gan-YHWH*": "noun, masculine singular construct + proper noun - garden of the LORD", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - land of", "*Miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*Ṣōʿar*": "proper noun - Zoar" }, "variants": { "*wayyiśśāʾ*": "lifted up/raised", "*kikkar*": "plain/circle/district/valley", "*mašqê*": "well-watered/irrigated", "*šaḥēṯ*": "destroying/ruining/bringing to ruin", "*gan*": "garden/orchard/plantation" } } 11 { "verseID": "Genesis.13.11", "source": "וַיִּבְחַר־ל֣וֹ ל֗וֹט אֵ֚ת כָּל־כִּכַּ֣ר הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ן וַיִּסַּ֥ע ל֖וֹט מִקֶּ֑דֶם וַיִּפָּ֣רְד֔וּ אִ֖ישׁ מֵעַ֥ל אָחִֽיו׃", "text": "And *wayyiḇḥar-lô* *Lôṭ* all *kikkar* *haYYardēn*, and *wayyissaʿ* *Lôṭ* from *miqqeḏem*, and *wayyipārĕḏû* *ʾîš* from upon his *ʾāḥîw*.", "grammar": { "*wayyiḇḥar-lô*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular + preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and he chose for himself", "*Lôṭ*": "proper noun, masculine singular", "*kikkar*": "noun, feminine singular construct - plain/circle of", "*haYYardēn*": "definite article + proper noun - the Jordan", "*wayyissaʿ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he journeyed/traveled", "*Lôṭ*": "proper noun, masculine singular", "*miqqeḏem*": "preposition + noun - from the east/eastward", "*wayyipārĕḏû*": "waw consecutive + niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they separated themselves", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - each man", "*ʾāḥîw*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his brother/kinsman" }, "variants": { "*wayyiḇḥar*": "chose/selected", "*kikkar*": "plain/circle/district/valley", "*wayyissaʿ*": "journeyed/traveled/moved", "*miqqeḏem*": "from the east/eastward/from before", "*wayyipārĕḏû*": "they separated/they parted", "*ʾîš*": "each/each man", "*ʾāḥîw*": "his brother/his kinsman/his relative" } } 12 { "verseID": "Genesis.13.12", "source": "אַבְרָ֖ם יָשַׁ֣ב בְּאֶֽרֶץ־כְּנָ֑עַן וְל֗וֹט יָשַׁב֙ בְּעָרֵ֣י הַכִּכָּ֔ר וַיֶּאֱהַ֖ל עַד־סְדֹֽם׃", "text": "*ʾAḇrām* *yāšaḇ* in *ʾereṣ-Kĕnāʿan*, and *Lôṭ* *yāšaḇ* in *ʿārê* *hakkikkār* and *wayeʾĕhal* unto *Sĕḏōm*.", "grammar": { "*ʾAḇrām*": "proper noun, masculine singular", "*yāšaḇ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - dwelt/settled", "*ʾereṣ-Kĕnāʿan*": "noun, feminine singular construct + proper noun - land of Canaan", "*Lôṭ*": "proper noun, masculine singular", "*yāšaḇ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - dwelt/settled", "*ʿārê*": "noun, feminine plural construct - cities of", "*hakkikkār*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the plain/the circle", "*wayeʾĕhal*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he pitched his tent", "*Sĕḏōm*": "proper noun - Sodom" }, "variants": { "*yāšaḇ*": "dwelt/settled/lived/remained", "*ʿārê*": "cities/towns", "*hakkikkār*": "the plain/the valley/the district", "*wayeʾĕhal*": "pitched his tent/moved his tent/tented" } } 13 { "verseID": "Genesis.13.13", "source": "וְאַנְשֵׁ֣י סְדֹ֔ם רָעִ֖ים וְחַטָּאִ֑ים לַיהוָ֖ה מְאֹֽד׃", "text": "And *ʾanšê* *Sĕḏōm* *rāʿîm* and *ḥaṭṭāʾîm* to *YHWH* very.", "grammar": { "*ʾanšê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - men of", "*Sĕḏōm*": "proper noun - Sodom", "*rāʿîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - evil/wicked", "*ḥaṭṭāʾîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - sinful", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD/Yahweh" }, "variants": { "*ʾanšê*": "men/people", "*rāʿîm*": "evil/wicked/bad", "*ḥaṭṭāʾîm*": "sinful/sinners/offenders" } }
• Jer 3:8-9 : 8 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.3.8", "source": "וָאֵ֗רֶא כִּ֤י עַל־כָּל־אֹדוֹת֙ אֲשֶׁ֤ר נִֽאֲפָה֙ מְשֻׁבָ֣ה יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל שִׁלַּחְתִּ֕יהָ וָאֶתֵּ֛ן אֶת־סֵ֥פֶר כְּרִיתֻתֶ֖יהָ אֵלֶ֑יהָ וְלֹ֨א יָֽרְאָ֜ה בֹּֽגֵדָ֤ה יְהוּדָה֙ אֲחוֹתָ֔הּ וַתֵּ֖לֶךְ וַתִּ֥זֶן גַּם־הִֽיא׃", "text": "*wāʾēreʾ* that for-all-*ʾōdôt* which *niʾăp̄â* *mᵉšuḇâ* *yiśrāʾēl*, *šillaḥtîhā* *wāʾettēn* *ʾet*-*sēp̄er* *kᵉrîtutehā* to-her; and-not *yārᵉʾâ* *bōgēdâ* *yᵉhûdâ* *ʾăḥôtâh*, *wattēleḵ* *wattizen* also-she.", "grammar": { "*wāʾēreʾ*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive - 'and I saw'", "*ʾōdôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - 'causes/reasons'", "*niʾăp̄â*": "Piel perfect 3rd feminine singular - 'she committed adultery'", "*mᵉšuḇâ*": "noun, feminine singular - 'apostate/backsliding'", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper name - 'Israel'", "*šillaḥtîhā*": "Piel perfect 1st person singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'I sent her away'", "*wāʾettēn*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive - 'and I gave'", "*sēp̄er*": "noun, masculine singular construct - 'document/scroll'", "*kᵉrîtutehā*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'her divorce'", "*yārᵉʾâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - 'she feared/was afraid'", "*bōgēdâ*": "Qal participle feminine singular - 'treacherous/faithless'", "*yᵉhûdâ*": "proper name - 'Judah'", "*ʾăḥôtâh*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'her sister'", "*wattēleḵ*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular with waw consecutive - 'and she went'", "*wattizen*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular with waw consecutive - 'and she played the harlot'" }, "variants": { "*wāʾēreʾ*": "and I saw/observed/noticed", "*ʾōdôt*": "causes/reasons/occasions", "*niʾăp̄â*": "she committed adultery/was unfaithful", "*mᵉšuḇâ*": "apostate/backsliding/faithless", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "Israel", "*šillaḥtîhā*": "I sent her away/dismissed her/divorced her", "*wāʾettēn*": "and I gave/provided/handed over", "*sēp̄er*": "document/scroll/certificate", "*kᵉrîtutehā*": "her divorce/separation/cutting off", "*yārᵉʾâ*": "she feared/was afraid/was in awe", "*bōgēdâ*": "treacherous/faithless/deceitful", "*yᵉhûdâ*": "Judah", "*ʾăḥôtâh*": "her sister", "*wattēleḵ*": "and she went/proceeded", "*wattizen*": "and she played the harlot/prostituted herself" } } 9 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.3.9", "source": "וְהָיָה֙ מִקֹּ֣ל זְנוּתָ֔הּ וַתֶּחֱנַ֖ף אֶת־הָאָ֑רֶץ וַתִּנְאַ֥ף אֶת־הָאֶ֖בֶן וְאֶת־הָעֵֽץ׃", "text": "*wᵉhāyâ* from-*qōl* *zᵉnûtâh* *wattĕḥĕnap̄* *ʾet*-the-*ʾāreṣ*, *wattinʾap̄* *ʾet*-the-*ʾeḇen* and-*ʾet*-the-*ʿēṣ*.", "grammar": { "*wᵉhāyâ*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - 'and it came to pass/happened'", "*qōl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - 'sound/lightness'", "*zᵉnûtâh*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'her harlotry/prostitution'", "*wattĕḥĕnap̄*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular with waw consecutive - 'and she polluted'", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - 'the land/earth'", "*wattinʾap̄*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular with waw consecutive - 'and she committed adultery'", "*ʾeḇen*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - 'the stone'", "*ʿēṣ*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - 'the tree/wood'" }, "variants": { "*wᵉhāyâ*": "and it came to pass/happened/occurred", "*qōl*": "sound/voice/lightness/frivolity", "*zᵉnûtâh*": "her harlotry/prostitution/promiscuity", "*wattĕḥĕnap̄*": "and she polluted/defiled/profaned", "*ʾāreṣ*": "the land/earth/ground", "*wattinʾap̄*": "and she committed adultery/was unfaithful", "*ʾeḇen*": "the stone/rock", "*ʿēṣ*": "the tree/wood" } } 10 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.3.10", "source": "וְגַם־בְּכָל־זֹ֗את לֹא־שָׁ֨בָה אֵלַ֜י בָּגוֹדָ֧ה אֲחוֹתָ֛הּ יְהוּדָ֖ה בְּכָל־לִבָּ֑הּ כִּ֥י אִם־בְּשֶׁ֖קֶר נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה׃ פ", "text": "And-also-in-all-this not-*šāḇâ* to-me *bāgôdâ* *ʾăḥôtâh* *yᵉhûdâ* with-all-*libbâh*, but-rather-in-*šeqer* *nᵉʾum*-*YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*šāḇâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - 'she returned'", "*bāgôdâ*": "Qal participle feminine singular - 'treacherous/faithless'", "*ʾăḥôtâh*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'her sister'", "*yᵉhûdâ*": "proper name - 'Judah'", "*libbâh*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'her heart'", "*šeqer*": "noun, masculine singular - 'falsehood/lie'", "*nᵉʾum*": "construct state - 'utterance/declaration'", "*YHWH*": "proper name - 'Yahweh/LORD'" }, "variants": { "*šāḇâ*": "she returned/came back/repented", "*bāgôdâ*": "treacherous/faithless/deceitful", "*ʾăḥôtâh*": "her sister", "*yᵉhûdâ*": "Judah", "*libbâh*": "her heart/mind/inner being", "*šeqer*": "falsehood/lie/deception", "*nᵉʾum*": "utterance/declaration/oracle" } } 11 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.3.11", "source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוָה֙ אֵלַ֔י צִדְּקָ֥ה נַפְשָׁ֖הּ מְשֻׁבָ֣ה יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל מִבֹּגֵדָ֖ה יְהוּדָֽה׃", "text": "*wayyōʾmer* *YHWH* to-me: \"*ṣidᵉqâ* *nap̄šâh* *mᵉšuḇâ* *yiśrāʾēl* from-*bōgēdâ* *yᵉhûdâ*.\"", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - 'and he said'", "*YHWH*": "proper name - 'Yahweh/LORD'", "*ṣidᵉqâ*": "Piel perfect 3rd feminine singular - 'she justified/vindicated'", "*nap̄šâh*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'her soul'", "*mᵉšuḇâ*": "noun, feminine singular - 'apostate/backsliding'", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper name - 'Israel'", "*bōgēdâ*": "Qal participle feminine singular - 'treacherous/faithless'", "*yᵉhûdâ*": "proper name - 'Judah'" }, "variants": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "and he said/spoke", "*ṣidᵉqâ*": "she justified/vindicated/proved right", "*nap̄šâh*": "her soul/self/life", "*mᵉšuḇâ*": "apostate/backsliding/faithless", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "Israel", "*bōgēdâ*": "treacherous/faithless/deceitful", "*yᵉhûdâ*": "Judah" } }
• Ezek 16:48-49 : 48 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.48", "source": "חַי־אָ֗נִי נְאֻם֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֔ה אִם־עָֽשְׂתָה֙ סְדֹ֣ם אֲחוֹתֵ֔ךְ הִ֖יא וּבְנוֹתֶ֑יהָ כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשִׂ֔ית אַ֖תְּ וּבְנוֹתָֽיִךְ׃", "text": "Living-I *ḥay*-*ʾānî*, *nəʾum* *ʾădōnāy* *yəhōwih*, if-*ʾim*-*ʿāśətāh* *sədōm* your *ʾăḥôtēḵ*, she *hîʾ* and her *ûḇənôtehā*, as *kaʾăšer* *ʿāśît* you *ʾat* and your *ûḇənôtāyiḵ*.", "grammar": { "*ḥay*": "adjective, masculine singular construct - living/alive", "*ʾānî*": "personal pronoun, 1st singular - I", "*nəʾum*": "construct state - declaration of", "*ʾădōnāy*": "noun, masculine singular - Lord/my Lord", "*yəhōwih*": "divine name - YHWH/LORD", "*ʾim*": "conditional particle - if", "*ʿāśətāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - she did/made", "*sədōm*": "proper noun - Sodom", "*ʾăḥôtēḵ*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your sister", "*hîʾ*": "personal pronoun, 3rd feminine singular - she", "*ûḇənôtehā*": "conjunction + noun, feminine plural with 3rd feminine singular suffix - and her daughters/surrounding villages", "*kaʾăšer*": "preposition + relative pronoun - as/according to what", "*ʿāśît*": "qal perfect, 2nd feminine singular - you did/made", "*ʾat*": "personal pronoun, 2nd feminine singular - you", "*ûḇənôtāyiḵ*": "conjunction + noun, feminine plural with 2nd feminine singular suffix - and your daughters/towns" }, "variants": { "*ḥay*-*ʾānî*": "as I live/as surely as I live (oath formula)", "*ʿāśətāh*": "she did/acted/committed", "*bənôtehā*": "her daughters/surrounding towns", "*bənôtāyiḵ*": "your daughters/towns under your control" } } 49 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.49", "source": "הִנֵּה־זֶ֣ה הָיָ֔ה עֲוֺ֖ן סְדֹ֣ם אֲחוֹתֵ֑ךְ גָּא֨וֹן שִׂבְעַת־לֶ֜חֶם וְשַׁלְוַ֣ת הַשְׁקֵ֗ט הָ֤יָה לָהּ֙ וְלִבְנוֹתֶ֔יהָ וְיַד־עָנִ֥י וְאֶבְי֖וֹן לֹ֥א הֶחֱזִֽיקָה׃", "text": "Behold-this *hinnēh*-*zeh* *hāyāh* *ʿăwōn* *sədōm* your *ʾăḥôtēḵ*: *gāʾôn* *śiḇʿat*-*leḥem* and *wəšalwat* the *hašqēṭ* *hāyāh* to her *lāh* and to her *wəliḇnôtehā*, and hand-of *wəyad*-*ʿānî* and *wəʾeḇyôn* not *lōʾ* *heḥĕzîqāh*.", "grammar": { "*hinnēh*": "interjection - behold/lo", "*zeh*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this", "*hāyāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - was/became", "*ʿăwōn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - iniquity of", "*sədōm*": "proper noun - Sodom", "*ʾăḥôtēḵ*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your sister", "*gāʾôn*": "noun, masculine singular - pride/arrogance", "*śiḇʿat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - fullness/satisfaction of", "*leḥem*": "noun, masculine singular - bread/food", "*wəšalwat*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular construct - and abundance/ease of", "*hašqēṭ*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the quiet/undisturbed rest", "*hāyāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - was/became", "*lāh*": "preposition with 3rd feminine singular suffix - to her/for her", "*wəliḇnôtehā*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, feminine plural with 3rd feminine singular suffix - and to her daughters", "*wəyad*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular construct - and hand of", "*ʿānî*": "adjective, masculine singular - poor/afflicted", "*wəʾeḇyôn*": "conjunction + adjective, masculine singular - and needy", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*heḥĕzîqāh*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd feminine singular - she strengthened/helped" }, "variants": { "*ʿăwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/sin/punishment", "*gāʾôn*": "pride/arrogance/exaltation", "*śiḇʿat*-*leḥem*": "fullness of bread/abundance of food", "*šalwat* *hašqēṭ*": "careless ease/peaceful security/prosperous tranquility", "*heḥĕzîqāh* *yad*": "she strengthened the hand/helped/supported" } }
• Ezek 16:51 : 51 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.51", "source": "וְשֹׁ֣מְר֔וֹן כַּחֲצִ֥י חַטֹּאתַ֖יִךְ לֹ֣א חָטָ֑אָה וַתַּרְבִּ֤י אֶת־תּוֹעֲבוֹתַ֙יִךְ֙ מֵהֵ֔נָּה וַתְּצַדְּקִי֙ אֶת־אֲחוֹתַ֔יִךְ בְּכָל־תּוֹעֲבוֹתַ֖יִךְ אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָשִֽׂית׃", "text": "And *šōmrôn* like half *ḥaṭṭōʾtayik* not *ḥāṭāʾāh*; and *wattarbî* *ʾet-tôʿăbôtayik* more than *mēhēnnāh*, and *watṣaddĕqî* *ʾet-ʾăḥôtayik* in all *tôʿăbôtayik* which *ʿāśît*.", "grammar": { "*šōmrôn*": "proper noun - Samaria", "*ḥaṭṭōʾtayik*": "noun, feminine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your sins", "*ḥāṭāʾāh*": "perfect, 3rd feminine singular - she sinned", "*wattarbî*": "waw-consecutive + imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - and you multiplied/increased", "*ʾet-tôʿăbôtayik*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your abominations", "*mēhēnnāh*": "preposition + 3rd feminine plural pronoun - more than them", "*watṣaddĕqî*": "waw-consecutive + imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - and you justified/made righteous", "*ʾet-ʾăḥôtayik*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your sisters", "*tôʿăbôtayik*": "noun, feminine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your abominations", "*ʿāśît*": "perfect, 2nd feminine singular - you did/committed" }, "variants": { "*šōmrôn*": "Samaria (capital of Northern Kingdom of Israel)", "*ḥaṭṭōʾtayik*": "your sins/offenses/transgressions", "*wattarbî*": "you increased/multiplied/made abundant", "*tôʿăbôtayik*": "your abominations/detestable acts/repulsive deeds", "*watṣaddĕqî*": "you made to appear righteous/justified/vindicated", "*ʾăḥôtayik*": "your sisters (metaphorical for other cities/nations)" } }
• Ezek 16:53-56 : 53 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.53", "source": "וְשַׁבְתִּי֙ אֶת־שְׁבִ֣יתְהֶ֔ן אֶת־שְׁב֤וּת סְדֹם֙ וּבְנוֹתֶ֔יהָ וְאֶת־שְׁב֥וּת שֹׁמְר֖וֹן וּבְנוֹתֶ֑יהָ וּשְׁב֥וּת שְׁבִיתַ֖יִךְ בְּתוֹכָֽהְנָה׃", "text": "And *wĕšabtî* *ʾet-šĕbîtĕhen*, *ʾet-šĕbût* *sĕdōm* and *ûbĕnôtêhā*, and *wĕʾet-šĕbût* *šōmrôn* and *ûbĕnôtêhā*, and *ûšĕbût* *šĕbîtayik* in *bĕtôkāhĕnāh*.", "grammar": { "*wĕšabtî*": "conjunction + perfect, 1st singular - and I will restore/return", "*ʾet-šĕbîtĕhen*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular + 3rd feminine plural suffix - their captivity", "*ʾet-šĕbût*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular construct - the captivity of", "*sĕdōm*": "proper noun - Sodom", "*ûbĕnôtêhā*": "conjunction + noun, feminine plural + 3rd feminine singular suffix - and her daughters", "*wĕʾet-šĕbût*": "conjunction + direct object marker + noun, feminine singular construct - and the captivity of", "*šōmrôn*": "proper noun - Samaria", "*ûbĕnôtêhā*": "conjunction + noun, feminine plural + 3rd feminine singular suffix - and her daughters", "*ûšĕbût*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular construct - and the captivity of", "*šĕbîtayik*": "noun, feminine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your captives", "*bĕtôkāhĕnāh*": "preposition + noun + 3rd feminine plural suffix - in their midst" }, "variants": { "*wĕšabtî*": "I will restore/return/bring back", "*šĕbîtĕhen*": "their captivity/fortunes/former state", "*šĕbût*": "captivity/fortunes/former state", "*bĕnôtêhā*": "her daughters (metaphor for surrounding towns/villages)", "*šĕbîtayik*": "your captives/captivity/fortunes", "*bĕtôkāhĕnāh*": "in their midst/among them" } } 54 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.54", "source": "לְמַ֙עַן֙ תִּשְׂאִ֣י כְלִמָּתֵ֔ךְ וְנִכְלַ֕מְתְּ מִכֹּ֖ל אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשִׂ֑ית בְּנַחֲמֵ֖ךְ אֹתָֽן׃", "text": "In order that *lĕmaʿan* *tiśʾî* *kĕlimmātēk* and *wĕniklamt* from all *mikkōl* which *ʿāśît* in *bĕnaḥămēk* *ʾōtān*.", "grammar": { "*lĕmaʿan*": "conjunction - in order that/so that", "*tiśʾî*": "imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - you will bear/carry", "*kĕlimmātēk*": "noun, feminine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your shame/disgrace", "*wĕniklamt*": "conjunction + perfect, 2nd feminine singular, Niphal - and you will be ashamed", "*mikkōl*": "preposition + noun - from all", "*ʿāśît*": "perfect, 2nd feminine singular - you did/made", "*bĕnaḥămēk*": "preposition + infinitive construct, Piel + 2nd feminine singular suffix - in your comforting", "*ʾōtān*": "direct object marker + 3rd feminine plural suffix - them" }, "variants": { "*tiśʾî*": "you will bear/carry/endure", "*kĕlimmātēk*": "your shame/disgrace/humiliation", "*wĕniklamt*": "you will be ashamed/humiliated/disgraced", "*bĕnaḥămēk*": "in your comforting/consoling" } } 55 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.55", "source": "וַאֲחוֹתַ֗יִךְ סְדֹ֤ם וּבְנוֹתֶ֙יהָ֙ תָּשֹׁ֣בְןָ לְקַדְמָתָ֔ן וְשֹֽׁמְרוֹן֙ וּבְנוֹתֶ֔יהָ תָּשֹׁ֖בְןָ לְקַדְמָתָ֑ן וְאַתְּ֙ וּבְנוֹתַ֔יִךְ תְּשֻׁבֶ֖ינָה לְקַדְמַתְכֶֽן׃", "text": "And *waʾăḥôtayik* *sĕdōm* and *ûbĕnôtêhā* *tāšōbnā* to *lĕqadmātān*, and *wĕšōmrôn* and *ûbĕnôtêhā* *tāšōbnā* to *lĕqadmātān*, and *wĕʾatt* and *ûbĕnôtayik* *tĕšubênāh* to *lĕqadmatken*.", "grammar": { "*waʾăḥôtayik*": "conjunction + noun, feminine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - and your sisters", "*sĕdōm*": "proper noun - Sodom", "*ûbĕnôtêhā*": "conjunction + noun, feminine plural + 3rd feminine singular suffix - and her daughters", "*tāšōbnā*": "imperfect, 3rd feminine plural - they will return", "*lĕqadmātān*": "preposition + noun + 3rd feminine plural suffix - to their former state", "*wĕšōmrôn*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Samaria", "*wĕʾatt*": "conjunction + 2nd feminine singular pronoun - and you", "*ûbĕnôtayik*": "conjunction + noun, feminine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - and your daughters", "*tĕšubênāh*": "imperfect, 3rd feminine plural - they will return", "*lĕqadmatken*": "preposition + noun + 2nd feminine plural suffix - to your former state" }, "variants": { "*ʾăḥôtayik*": "your sisters (metaphorical reference to other cities)", "*bĕnôtêhā*": "her daughters (surrounding towns/settlements)", "*tāšōbnā*": "they will return/be restored", "*lĕqadmātān*": "to their former state/original condition", "*bĕnôtayik*": "your daughters (satellite towns/villages)", "*lĕqadmatken*": "to your former state/original condition" } } 56 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.56", "source": "וְל֤וֹא הָֽיְתָה֙ סְדֹ֣ם אֲחוֹתֵ֔ךְ לִשְׁמוּעָ֖ה בְּפִ֑יךְ בְּי֖וֹם גְּאוֹנָֽיִךְ׃", "text": "And *wĕlôʾ* *hāyĕtāh* *sĕdōm* *ʾăḥôtēk* for *lišmûʿāh* in *bĕpîk* in *bĕyôm* *gĕʾônāyik*.", "grammar": { "*wĕlôʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*hāyĕtāh*": "perfect, 3rd feminine singular - she was", "*sĕdōm*": "proper noun - Sodom", "*ʾăḥôtēk*": "noun, feminine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your sister", "*lišmûʿāh*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - for a report/mention", "*bĕpîk*": "preposition + noun + 2nd feminine singular suffix - in your mouth", "*bĕyôm*": "preposition + noun - in day of", "*gĕʾônāyik*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your pride" }, "variants": { "*hāyĕtāh*": "she was/existed/happened", "*ʾăḥôtēk*": "your sister (metaphor for another city)", "*lišmûʿāh*": "for a report/mention/rumor/news", "*bĕpîk*": "in your mouth (idiom for being mentioned/spoken of)", "*gĕʾônāyik*": "your pride/arrogance/exaltation" } }
• Ezek 16:61 : 61 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.61", "source": "וְזָכַ֣רְתְּ אֶת־דְּרָכַיִךְ֮ וְנִכְלַמְתְּ֒ בְּקַחְתֵּ֗ךְ אֶת־אֲחוֹתַ֙יִךְ֙ הַגְּדֹל֣וֹת מִמֵּ֔ךְ אֶל־הַקְּטַנּ֖וֹת מִמֵּ֑ךְ וְנָתַתִּ֨י אֶתְהֶ֥ן לָ֛ךְ לְבָנ֖וֹת וְלֹ֥א מִבְּרִיתֵֽךְ׃", "text": "And *wĕzākart* *ʾet-dĕrākayik* and *wĕniklamt*, when *bĕqaḥtēk* *ʾet-ʾăḥôtayik* *haggĕdōlôt* from *mimmēk* to *ʾel-haqqĕṭannôt* from *mimmēk*; and *wĕnātattî* *ʾethen* to you *lāk* for *lĕbānôt*, and not *wĕlōʾ* from *mibbĕrîtēk*.", "grammar": { "*wĕzākart*": "conjunction + perfect, 2nd feminine singular - and you will remember", "*ʾet-dĕrākayik*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your ways", "*wĕniklamt*": "conjunction + perfect, 2nd feminine singular, Niphal - and you will be ashamed", "*bĕqaḥtēk*": "preposition + infinitive construct, Qal + 2nd feminine singular suffix - when you take", "*ʾet-ʾăḥôtayik*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your sisters", "*haggĕdōlôt*": "article + adjective, feminine plural - the greater", "*mimmēk*": "preposition + 2nd feminine singular suffix - than you", "*ʾel-haqqĕṭannôt*": "preposition + article + adjective, feminine plural - to the lesser", "*wĕnātattî*": "conjunction + perfect, 1st singular - and I will give", "*ʾethen*": "direct object marker + 3rd feminine plural suffix - them", "*lāk*": "preposition + 2nd feminine singular suffix - to you", "*lĕbānôt*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural - for daughters", "*wĕlōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*mibbĕrîtēk*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - from your covenant" }, "variants": { "*wĕzākart*": "you will remember/recall/bring to mind", "*dĕrākayik*": "your ways/paths/conduct", "*wĕniklamt*": "you will be ashamed/humiliated/disgraced", "*bĕqaḥtēk*": "when you take/receive/accept", "*ʾăḥôtayik*": "your sisters (metaphor for other cities)", "*haggĕdōlôt*": "the greater/older/more important", "*haqqĕṭannôt*": "the lesser/younger/less important", "*wĕnātattî*": "I will give/grant/place", "*lĕbānôt*": "for daughters/as daughters", "*mibbĕrîtēk*": "from your covenant/according to your covenant" } }
• Jer 23:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.23.14", "source": "וּבִנְבִאֵי יְרוּשָׁלִַם רָאִיתִי שַׁעֲרוּרָה נָאוֹף וְהָלֹךְ בַּשֶּׁקֶר וְחִזְּקוּ יְדֵי מְרֵעִים לְבִלְתִּי־שָׁבוּ אִישׁ מֵרָעָתוֹ הָיוּ־לִי כֻלָּם כִּסְדֹם וְיֹשְׁבֶיהָ כַּעֲמֹרָה", "text": "*Ûbinbîʾê* *yərûšālaim* *rāʾîtî* *šaʿărûrâ* *nāʾôp̄* *wəhālōk* *baššeqer* *wəḥizzəqû* *yədê* *mərēʿîm* *ləbiltî*-*šābû* *ʾîš* *mērāʿātô* *hāyû*-*lî* *kullām* *kisdōm* *wəyōšəbêhā* *kaʿămōrâ*", "grammar": { "*Ûbinbîʾê*": "conjunction + preposition + masculine plural construct - and in the prophets of", "*yərûšālaim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem", "*rāʾîtî*": "qal perfect 1st person singular - I have seen", "*šaʿărûrâ*": "feminine singular noun - horrible thing", "*nāʾôp̄*": "qal infinitive absolute - committing adultery", "*wəhālōk*": "conjunction + qal infinitive absolute - and walking", "*baššeqer*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - in the falsehood/lie", "*wəḥizzəqû*": "conjunction + piel perfect 3rd person common plural - and they strengthen", "*yədê*": "feminine dual construct - hands of", "*mərēʿîm*": "hiphil participle masculine plural - evildoers", "*ləbiltî*": "preposition + conjunction - so that not", "*šābû*": "qal perfect 3rd person common plural - they return/repent", "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - each man", "*mērāʿātô*": "preposition + feminine singular noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - from his evil", "*hāyû*": "qal perfect 3rd person common plural - they have become", "*lî*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - to me", "*kullām*": "noun masculine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - all of them", "*kisdōm*": "preposition + proper noun - like Sodom", "*wəyōšəbêhā*": "conjunction + qal participle masculine plural construct + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - and her inhabitants", "*kaʿămōrâ*": "preposition + proper noun - like Gomorrah" }, "variants": { "*šaʿărûrâ*": "horrible thing/shocking thing/disgusting thing", "*nāʾôp̄*": "committing adultery/being unfaithful", "*šeqer*": "falsehood/lie/deception", "*ḥizzəqû*": "strengthen/encourage/support", "*mərēʿîm*": "evildoers/those doing evil", "*šābû*": "return/repent/turn back" } }
• Lam 4:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Lamentations.4.6", "source": "וַיִּגְדַּל֙ עֲוֺ֣ן בַּת־עַמִּ֔י מֵֽחַטַּ֖את סְדֹ֑ם הַֽהֲפוּכָ֣ה כְמוֹ־רָ֔גַע וְלֹא־חָ֥לוּ בָ֖הּ יָדָֽיִם׃", "text": "And *wayyiḡdal* *ʿăwōn bat-ʿammî* than *ḥaṭṭaʾt səḏōm*, the *hăp̄ûḵâ* like *rāḡaʿ* and not *ḥālû* in her *yāḏāyim*", "grammar": { "*wayyiḡdal*": "Qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and it became great", "*ʿăwōn*": "masculine singular construct - iniquity of", "*bat*": "feminine singular construct - daughter of", "*ʿammî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st singular suffix - my people", "*mē-ḥaṭṭaʾt*": "preposition comparative + feminine singular construct - than the sin of", "*səḏōm*": "proper noun - Sodom", "*ha-hăp̄ûḵâ*": "definite feminine singular Qal passive participle - the one overthrown", "*kəmô*": "preposition - like/as", "*rāḡaʿ*": "masculine singular noun - moment/instant", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*ḥālû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they remained/waited", "*ḇāh*": "preposition + 3rd feminine singular suffix - in her/against her", "*yāḏāyim*": "feminine dual noun - hands" }, "variants": { "*wayyiḡdal*": "became great/increased/grew", "*ʿăwōn*": "iniquity/punishment for iniquity/guilt", "*ḥaṭṭaʾt*": "sin/sin-offering/punishment for sin", "*hăp̄ûḵâ*": "overthrown/overturned/destroyed", "*rāḡaʿ*": "moment/instant/suddenly", "*ḥālû*": "remained/waited/labored" } }
• Ezek 16:27 : 27 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.27", "source": "וְהִנֵּ֨ה נָטִ֤יתִי יָדִי֙ עָלַ֔יִךְ וָאֶגְרַ֖ע חֻקֵּ֑ךְ וָאֶתְּנֵ֞ךְ בְּנֶ֤פֶשׁ שֹׂנְאוֹתַ֙יִךְ֙ בְּנ֣וֹת פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים הַנִּכְלָמ֖וֹת מִדַּרְכֵּ֥ךְ זִמָּֽה׃", "text": "And *wəhinnēh* *nāṭîtî* *yādî* against you and *wāʾegrā* *ḥuqqēk* and *wāʾettnēk* in *bənefeš* *śōnəʾôtayik* *bənôt* *pəlištîm* *hanniklāmôt* from *midarkēk* *zimmāh*.", "grammar": { "*wəhinnēh*": "and behold, interjection", "*nāṭîtî*": "qal perfect, 1st person singular - I stretched out", "*yādî*": "my hand, noun with 1st person singular suffix", "*wāʾegrā*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 1st person singular - and I diminished", "*ḥuqqēk*": "your portion/allotment, noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix", "*wāʾettnēk*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 1st person singular with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - and I gave you", "*bənefeš*": "to the desire/will, preposition + noun construct", "*śōnəʾôtayik*": "those hating you, qal participle feminine plural with 2nd person feminine singular suffix", "*bənôt*": "daughters of, construct state", "*pəlištîm*": "Philistines, proper noun", "*hanniklāmôt*": "the ones being ashamed, niphal participle feminine plural with definite article", "*midarkēk*": "from your way, preposition + noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix", "*zimmāh*": "lewdness/licentiousness, noun absolute" }, "variants": { "*ḥuqqēk*": "your portion/your allotment/your allowance/your prescribed portion", "*bənefeš*": "to the desire/will/appetite/discretion", "*śōnəʾôtayik*": "those hating you/your enemies/those detesting you", "*hanniklāmôt*": "those being ashamed/those being embarrassed/those feeling disgust", "*zimmāh*": "lewdness/depravity/licentiousness/wickedness" } }
• Gen 14:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Genesis.14.8", "source": "וַיֵּצֵ֨א מֶֽלֶךְ־סְדֹ֜ם וּמֶ֣לֶךְ עֲמֹרָ֗ה וּמֶ֤לֶךְ אַדְמָה֙ וּמֶ֣לֶךְ צְבוֹיִ֔ם וּמֶ֥לֶךְ בֶּ֖לַע הִוא־צֹ֑עַר וַיַּֽעַרְכ֤וּ אִתָּם֙ מִלְחָמָ֔ה בְּעֵ֖מֶק הַשִּׂדִּֽים׃", "text": "*way-yēṣēʾ* *melek*-*səḏōm* *û-melek* *ʿămōrāh* *û-melek* *ʾaḏmāh* *û-melek* *ṣəḇôyîm* *û-melek* *belaʿ* *hîʾ*-*ṣōʿar* *way-yaʿarḵû* *ʾittām* *milḥāmāh* *bə-ʿēmeq* *haś-śiddîm*", "grammar": { "*way-yēṣēʾ*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and went out", "*melek*": "construct state noun, masculine singular - king of", "*səḏōm*": "proper noun, place name (Sodom)", "*û-melek*": "conjunction + construct state noun - and king of", "*ʿămōrāh*": "proper noun, place name (Gomorrah)", "*ʾaḏmāh*": "proper noun, place name (Admah)", "*ṣəḇôyîm*": "proper noun, place name (Zeboiim)", "*belaʿ*": "proper noun, place name (Bela)", "*hîʾ*": "pronoun, 3rd feminine singular - it/she", "*ṣōʿar*": "proper noun, place name (Zoar)", "*way-yaʿarḵû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd plural - and they arranged/set in order", "*ʾittām*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - with them", "*milḥāmāh*": "common noun, feminine singular - battle/war", "*bə-ʿēmeq*": "preposition + common noun, masculine singular, construct - in valley of", "*haś-śiddîm*": "definite article + proper noun - the Siddim" }, "variants": { "*way-yēṣēʾ*": "went out/came forth", "*way-yaʿarḵû* *ʾittām* *milḥāmāh*": "set battle array against them/prepared for battle with them" } }
• Gen 18:20-33 : 20 { "verseID": "Genesis.18.20", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יְהוָ֔ה זַעֲקַ֛ת סְדֹ֥ם וַעֲמֹרָ֖ה כִּי־רָ֑בָּה וְחַ֨טָּאתָ֔ם כִּ֥י כָבְדָ֖ה מְאֹֽד׃", "text": "And-*wayyōʾmer* *YHWH* *zaʿăqaṯ* *Səḏōm* and-*ʿĂmōrâ* for-*rābbâ* and-*ḥaṭṭāʾṯām* for *ḵāḇəḏâ* *məʾōḏ*.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - said", "*zaʿăqaṯ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - outcry of", "*rābbâ*": "qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - is great", "*ḥaṭṭāʾṯām*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their sin", "*ḵāḇəḏâ*": "qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - is heavy/grave", "*məʾōḏ*": "adverb - very" }, "variants": { "*zaʿăqaṯ*": "outcry/cry of distress/complaint", "*ḵāḇəḏâ*": "heavy/grave/severe" } } 21 { "verseID": "Genesis.18.21", "source": "אֵֽרֲדָה־נָּ֣א וְאֶרְאֶ֔ה הַכְּצַעֲקָתָ֛הּ הַבָּ֥אָה אֵלַ֖י עָשׂ֣וּ ׀ כָּלָ֑ה וְאִם־לֹ֖א אֵדָֽעָה׃", "text": "*ʾērăḏâ*-*nāʾ* and-*ʾerʾeh* the-like-*ṣaʿăqāṯāh* the-*bāʾâ* to-me *ʿāśû* *kālâ* and-if-not *ʾēḏāʿâ*.", "grammar": { "*ʾērăḏâ*": "qal cohortative, 1st person singular - let me go down", "*nāʾ*": "particle of entreaty - please/now", "*ʾerʾeh*": "qal imperfect cohortative, 1st person singular - let me see", "*ṣaʿăqāṯāh*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - its outcry", "*bāʾâ*": "qal participle, feminine singular - coming", "*ʿāśû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they have done", "*kālâ*": "noun, feminine singular - completion/destruction", "*ʾēḏāʿâ*": "qal imperfect cohortative, 1st person singular - let me know" }, "variants": { "*ṣaʿăqāṯāh*": "its outcry/complaint", "*kālâ*": "completion/destruction/annihilation/altogether" } } 22 { "verseID": "Genesis.18.22", "source": "וַיִּפְנ֤וּ מִשָּׁם֙ הֽ͏ָאֲנָשִׁ֔ים וַיֵּלְכ֖וּ סְדֹ֑מָה וְאַ֨בְרָהָ֔ם עוֹדֶ֥נּוּ עֹמֵ֖ד לִפְנֵ֥י יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "And-*wayyipnû* from-there the-*ʾănāšîm* and-*wayyēləḵû* *Səḏōmâ* and-*ʾAḇrāhām* *ʿôḏennû* *ʿōmēḏ* to-*lipnê* *YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*wayyipnû*": "qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - turned", "*ʾănāšîm*": "noun, masculine plural - men", "*wayyēləḵû*": "qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - went", "*Səḏōmâ*": "proper noun with directional he - toward Sodom", "*ʿôḏennû*": "adverb with 3rd masculine singular suffix - still he", "*ʿōmēḏ*": "qal participle, masculine singular - standing", "*lipnê*": "preposition with construct noun - before" }, "variants": { "*wayyipnû*": "turned/turned away/faced", "*ʿōmēḏ lipnê*": "standing before/remaining in the presence of" } } 23 { "verseID": "Genesis.18.23", "source": "וַיִּגַּ֥שׁ אַבְרָהָ֖ם וַיֹּאמַ֑ר הַאַ֣ף תִּסְפֶּ֔ה צַדִּ֖יק עִם־רָשָֽׁע׃", "text": "And-*wayyiggaš* *ʾAḇrāhām* and-*wayyōʾmar* indeed *tispeh* *ṣaddîq* with-*rāšāʿ*.", "grammar": { "*wayyiggaš*": "qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - drew near/approached", "*wayyōʾmar*": "qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - said", "*tispeh*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you will sweep away", "*ṣaddîq*": "adjective, masculine singular - righteous", "*rāšāʿ*": "adjective, masculine singular - wicked" }, "variants": { "*wayyiggaš*": "drew near/approached/came forward", "*tispeh*": "sweep away/destroy/consume" } } 24 { "verseID": "Genesis.18.24", "source": "אוּלַ֥י יֵ֛שׁ חֲמִשִּׁ֥ים צַדִּיקִ֖ם בְּת֣וֹךְ הָעִ֑יר הַאַ֤ף תִּסְפֶּה֙ וְלֹא־תִשָּׂ֣א לַמָּק֔וֹם לְמַ֛עַן חֲמִשִּׁ֥ים הַצַּדִּיקִ֖ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר בְּקִרְבָּֽהּ׃", "text": "Perhaps *yēš* fifty *ṣaddîqim* in-*tôḵ* the-*ʿîr* indeed *tispeh* and-not-*ṯiśśāʾ* to-the-*māqôm* for-sake fifty the-*ṣaddîqim* which in-*qirbāh*.", "grammar": { "*yēš*": "existential particle - there are", "*ṣaddîqim*": "adjective, masculine plural - righteous ones", "*tôḵ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - midst of", "*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular - city", "*tispeh*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you will sweep away", "*ṯiśśāʾ*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you will forgive/lift", "*māqôm*": "noun, masculine singular - place", "*qirbāh*": "noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - its midst" }, "variants": { "*ṯiśśāʾ lamāqôm*": "forgive the place/spare the place/lift up (guilt from) the place" } } 25 { "verseID": "Genesis.18.25", "source": "חָלִ֨לָה לְּךָ֜ מֵעֲשֹׂ֣ת ׀ כַּדָּבָ֣ר הַזֶּ֗ה לְהָמִ֤ית צַדִּיק֙ עִם־רָשָׁ֔ע וְהָיָ֥ה כַצַדִּ֖יק כָּרָשָׁ֑ע חָלִ֣לָה לָּ֔ךְ הֲשֹׁפֵט֙ כָּל־הָאָ֔רֶץ לֹ֥א יַעֲשֶׂ֖ה מִשְׁפָּֽט׃", "text": "*Ḥālilâ* to-you from-*mēʿăśôṯ* like-the-*dāḇār* the-this to-*ləhāmîṯ* *ṣaddîq* with-*rāšāʿ* and-*hāyâ* like-the-*ṣaddîq* like-the-*rāšāʿ* *ḥālilâ* to-you the-*hăšōpēṭ* all-the-*ʾāreṣ* not *yaʿăśeh* *mišpāṭ*.", "grammar": { "*Ḥālilâ*": "interjection - far be it", "*mēʿăśôṯ*": "qal infinitive construct with prefix - from doing", "*dāḇār*": "noun, masculine singular - thing/matter", "*ləhāmîṯ*": "hiphil infinitive construct with prefix - to kill", "*hāyâ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - would be", "*hăšōpēṭ*": "qal participle, masculine singular with interrogative prefix - the one judging", "*yaʿăśeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - will do", "*mišpāṭ*": "noun, masculine singular - justice" }, "variants": { "*Ḥālilâ*": "far be it/profane/unthinkable", "*hăšōpēṭ*": "the judge/one who judges" } } 26 { "verseID": "Genesis.18.26", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יְהוָ֔ה אִם־אֶמְצָ֥א בִסְדֹ֛ם חֲמִשִּׁ֥ים צַדִּיקִ֖ם בְּת֣וֹךְ הָעִ֑יר וְנָשָׂ֥אתִי לְכָל־הַמָּק֖וֹם בַּעֲבוּרָֽם׃", "text": "And-*wayyōʾmer* *YHWH* if-*ʾemṣāʾ* in-*Səḏōm* fifty *ṣaddîqim* in-*tôḵ* the-*ʿîr* and-*nāśāʾṯî* to-all-the-*māqôm* for-*baʿăḇûrām*.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - said", "*ʾemṣāʾ*": "qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I find", "*ṣaddîqim*": "adjective, masculine plural - righteous ones", "*tôḵ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - midst of", "*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular - city", "*nāśāʾṯî*": "qal perfect, 1st person singular with waw-consecutive - I will forgive", "*māqôm*": "noun, masculine singular - place", "*baʿăḇûrām*": "preposition with noun and 3rd masculine plural suffix - for their sake" }, "variants": { "*nāśāʾṯî*": "I will forgive/spare/lift up" } } 27 { "verseID": "Genesis.18.27", "source": "וַיַּ֥עַן אַבְרָהָ֖ם וַיֹּאמַ֑ר הִנֵּה־נָ֤א הוֹאַ֙לְתִּי֙ לְדַבֵּ֣ר אֶל־אֲדֹנָ֔י וְאָנֹכִ֖י עָפָ֥ר וָאֵֽפֶר׃", "text": "And-*wayyaʿan* *ʾAḇrāhām* and-*wayyōʾmar* *hinnēh*-*nāʾ* *hôʾaltî* to-*ləḏabbēr* to-*ʾăḏōnāy* and-I *ʿāpār* and-*ʾēper*.", "grammar": { "*wayyaʿan*": "qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - answered", "*wayyōʾmar*": "qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - said", "*hinnēh*": "demonstrative particle - behold", "*nāʾ*": "particle of entreaty - please", "*hôʾaltî*": "hiphil perfect, 1st person singular - I have undertaken", "*ləḏabbēr*": "piel infinitive construct with prefix - to speak", "*ʾăḏōnāy*": "noun with 1st person singular suffix - my Lord", "*ʿāpār*": "noun, masculine singular - dust", "*ʾēper*": "noun, masculine singular - ashes" }, "variants": { "*hôʾaltî*": "I have undertaken/dared/presumed", "*ʿāpār wāʾēper*": "dust and ashes (idiom for human frailty/mortality)" } } 28 { "verseID": "Genesis.18.28", "source": "א֠וּלַי יַחְסְר֞וּן חֲמִשִּׁ֤ים הַצַּדִּיקִם֙ חֲמִשָּׁ֔ה הֲתַשְׁחִ֥ית בַּחֲמִשָּׁ֖ה אֶת־כָּל־הָעִ֑יר וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ לֹ֣א אַשְׁחִ֔ית אִם־אֶמְצָ֣א שָׁ֔ם אַרְבָּעִ֖ים וַחֲמִשָּֽׁה׃", "text": "Perhaps *yaḥsərûn* fifty the-*ṣaddîqim* five *hăṯašḥîṯ* with-the-five *ʾeṯ*-all-the-*ʿîr* and-*wayyōʾmer* not *ʾašḥîṯ* if-*ʾemṣāʾ* there forty and-five.", "grammar": { "*yaḥsərûn*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural with paragogic nun - would lack", "*ṣaddîqim*": "adjective, masculine plural - righteous ones", "*hăṯašḥîṯ*": "hiphil imperfect, 2nd masculine singular with interrogative prefix - will you destroy", "*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular - city", "*wayyōʾmer*": "qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - said", "*ʾašḥîṯ*": "hiphil imperfect, 1st person singular - I will destroy", "*ʾemṣāʾ*": "qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I find" }, "variants": { "*yaḥsərûn*": "would lack/be missing/be short", "*hăṯašḥîṯ*": "will you destroy/ruin/corrupt" } } 29 { "verseID": "Genesis.18.29", "source": "וַיֹּ֨סֶף ע֜וֹד לְדַבֵּ֤ר אֵלָיו֙ וַיֹּאמַ֔ר אוּלַ֛י יִמָּצְא֥וּן שָׁ֖ם אַרְבָּעִ֑ים וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ לֹ֣א אֽ͏ֶעֱשֶׂ֔ה בַּעֲב֖וּר הָאַרְבָּעִֽים׃", "text": "And-*wayyōsep* again to-*ləḏabbēr* to-him and-*wayyōʾmar* perhaps *yimmāṣəʾûn* there forty and-*wayyōʾmer* not *ʾeʿĕśeh* for-sake the-forty.", "grammar": { "*wayyōsep*": "hiphil waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - continued", "*ləḏabbēr*": "piel infinitive construct with prefix - to speak", "*wayyōʾmar*": "qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - said", "*yimmāṣəʾûn*": "niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural with paragogic nun - will be found", "*ʾeʿĕśeh*": "qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I will do" }, "variants": { "*wayyōsep*": "continued/added/proceeded", "*ʾeʿĕśeh*": "I will do/act/execute judgment" } } 30 { "verseID": "Genesis.18.30", "source": "וַ֠יֹּאמֶר אַל־נָ֞א יִ֤חַר לֽ͏ַאדֹנָי֙ וַאֲדַבֵּ֔רָה אוּלַ֛י יִמָּצְא֥וּן שָׁ֖ם שְׁלֹשִׁ֑ים וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ לֹ֣א אֽ͏ֶעֱשֶׂ֔ה אִם־אֶמְצָ֥א שָׁ֖ם שְׁלֹשִֽׁים׃", "text": "And-*wayyōʾmer* not-*nāʾ* *yiḥar* to-*laʾḏōnāy* and-*ʾăḏabbērâ* perhaps *yimmāṣəʾûn* there thirty and-*wayyōʾmer* not *ʾeʿĕśeh* if-*ʾemṣāʾ* there thirty.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - said", "*nāʾ*": "particle of entreaty - please", "*yiḥar*": "qal jussive, 3rd masculine singular - let be angry", "*laʾḏōnāy*": "noun with 1st person singular suffix and prefix - to my Lord", "*ʾăḏabbērâ*": "piel cohortative, 1st person singular - let me speak", "*yimmāṣəʾûn*": "niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural with paragogic nun - will be found", "*ʾeʿĕśeh*": "qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I will do", "*ʾemṣāʾ*": "qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I find" }, "variants": { "*yiḥar*": "be angry/burn with anger/be incensed" } } 31 { "verseID": "Genesis.18.31", "source": "וַיֹּ֗אמֶר הִנֵּֽה־נָ֤א הוֹאַ֙לְתִּי֙ לְדַבֵּ֣ר אֶל־אֲדֹנָ֔י אוּלַ֛י יִמָּצְא֥וּן שָׁ֖ם עֶשְׂרִ֑ים וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ לֹ֣א אַשְׁחִ֔ית בַּעֲב֖וּר הֽ͏ָעֶשְׂרִֽים׃", "text": "And-*wayyōʾmer* *hinnēh*-*nāʾ* *hôʾaltî* to-*ləḏabbēr* to-*ʾăḏōnāy* perhaps *yimmāṣəʾûn* there twenty and-*wayyōʾmer* not *ʾašḥîṯ* for-sake the-twenty.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - said", "*hinnēh*": "demonstrative particle - behold", "*nāʾ*": "particle of entreaty - please", "*hôʾaltî*": "hiphil perfect, 1st person singular - I have undertaken", "*ləḏabbēr*": "piel infinitive construct with prefix - to speak", "*ʾăḏōnāy*": "noun with 1st person singular suffix - my Lord", "*yimmāṣəʾûn*": "niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural with paragogic nun - will be found", "*ʾašḥîṯ*": "hiphil imperfect, 1st person singular - I will destroy" }, "variants": { "*hôʾaltî*": "I have undertaken/dared/presumed", "*ʾašḥîṯ*": "I will destroy/ruin/corrupt" } } 32 { "verseID": "Genesis.18.32", "source": "וַ֠יֹּאמֶר אַל־נָ֞א יִ֤חַר לַֽאדֹנָי֙ וַאֲדַבְּרָ֣ה אַךְ־הַפַּ֔עַם אוּלַ֛י יִמָּצְא֥וּן שָׁ֖ם עֲשָׂרָ֑ה וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ לֹ֣א אַשְׁחִ֔ית בַּעֲב֖וּר הָעֲשָׂרָֽה׃", "text": "And-*wayyōʾmer* not-*nāʾ* *yiḥar* to-*laʾḏōnāy* and-*ʾăḏabbərâ* only-the-*paʿam* perhaps *yimmāṣəʾûn* there ten and-*wayyōʾmer* not *ʾašḥîṯ* for-sake the-ten.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - said", "*nāʾ*": "particle of entreaty - please", "*yiḥar*": "qal jussive, 3rd masculine singular - let be angry", "*laʾḏōnāy*": "noun with 1st person singular suffix and prefix - to my Lord", "*ʾăḏabbərâ*": "piel cohortative, 1st person singular - let me speak", "*paʿam*": "noun, feminine singular - time/instance", "*yimmāṣəʾûn*": "niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural with paragogic nun - will be found", "*ʾašḥîṯ*": "hiphil imperfect, 1st person singular - I will destroy" }, "variants": { "*ʾaḵ-happaʿam*": "only this time/just this once/just this last time" } } 33 { "verseID": "Genesis.18.33", "source": "וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ יְהוָ֔ה כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר כִּלָּ֔ה לְדַבֵּ֖ר אֶל־אַבְרָהָ֑ם וְאַבְרָהָ֖ם שָׁ֥ב לִמְקֹמֽוֹ׃", "text": "And-*wayyēleḵ* *YHWH* when *killâ* to-*ləḏabbēr* to-*ʾAḇrāhām* and-*ʾAḇrāhām* *šāḇ* to-*limqōmô*.", "grammar": { "*wayyēleḵ*": "qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - went away", "*killâ*": "piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - finished", "*ləḏabbēr*": "piel infinitive construct with prefix - to speak", "*šāḇ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - returned", "*limqōmô*": "noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix and prefix - to his place" }, "variants": { "*killâ*": "finished/completed/ended", "*šāḇ*": "returned/went back" } }
• Gen 19:24-25 : 24 { "verseID": "Genesis.19.24", "source": "וֽ͏ַיהוָ֗ה הִמְטִ֧יר עַל־סְדֹ֛ם וְעַל־עֲמֹרָ֖ה גָּפְרִ֣ית וָאֵ֑שׁ מֵאֵ֥ת יְהוָ֖ה מִן־הַשָּׁמָֽיִם׃", "text": "wə-*YHWH* *himṭîr* upon-*Sədōm* wə-upon-*ʿĂmōrâ* *gāprît* wə-*ʾêš* from-with *YHWH* from-the-*šāmāyim*", "grammar": { "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/the LORD", "*himṭîr*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular - he caused to rain", "*Sədōm*": "proper noun - Sodom", "*ʿĂmōrâ*": "proper noun - Gomorrah", "*gāprît*": "feminine singular noun - brimstone/sulfur", "*ʾêš*": "feminine singular noun - fire", "*šāmāyim*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the heavens/sky" }, "variants": { "*himṭîr*": "caused to rain/rained down/sent down", "*gāprît*": "brimstone/sulfur", "*šāmāyim*": "heavens/sky" } } 25 { "verseID": "Genesis.19.25", "source": "וֽ͏ַיַּהֲפֹךְ֙ אֶת־הֶעָרִ֣ים הָאֵ֔ל וְאֵ֖ת כָּל־הַכִּכָּ֑ר וְאֵת֙ כָּל־יֹשְׁבֵ֣י הֶעָרִ֔ים וְצֶ֖מַח הָאֲדָמָֽה׃", "text": "wə-*yahăpōk* *ʾet*-the-*ʿārîm* the-*ʾêl* wə-*ʾêt* all-the-*kikār* wə-*ʾêt* all-*yōšəbêy* the-*ʿārîm* wə-*ṣemaḥ* the-*ʾădāmâ*", "grammar": { "*yahăpōk*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - he overthrew", "*ʿārîm*": "feminine plural noun with definite article - the cities", "*ʾêl*": "demonstrative adjective plural - these", "*kikār*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the plain/valley/circle", "*yōšəbêy*": "Qal participle masculine plural construct - inhabitants of", "*ʿārîm*": "feminine plural noun with definite article - the cities", "*ṣemaḥ*": "masculine singular construct - vegetation/growth", "*ʾădāmâ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the ground/land/soil" }, "variants": { "*yahăpōk*": "overthrew/overturned/destroyed", "*kikār*": "plain/valley/circle/district", "*yōšəbêy*": "inhabitants/dwellers/residents", "*ṣemaḥ*": "vegetation/growth/plants" } }
• Gen 19:29 : 29 { "verseID": "Genesis.19.29", "source": "וַיְהִ֗י בְּשַׁחֵ֤ת אֱלֹהִים֙ אֶת־עָרֵ֣י הַכִּכָּ֔ר וַיִּזְכֹּ֥ר אֱלֹהִ֖ים אֶת־אַבְרָהָ֑ם וַיְשַׁלַּ֤ח אֶת־לוֹט֙ מִתּ֣וֹךְ הַהֲפֵכָ֔ה בַּהֲפֹךְ֙ אֶת־הֶ֣עָרִ֔ים אֲשֶׁר־יָשַׁ֥ב בָּהֵ֖ן לֽוֹט׃", "text": "wə-*yəhî* in-*šaḥêt* *ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾet*-*ʿārêy* the-*kikār* wə-*yizkōr* *ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾet*-*ʾAbrāhām* wə-*yəšallaḥ* *ʾet*-*Lôṭ* from-*tôk* the-*hăpêkâ* in-*hăpōk* *ʾet*-the-*ʿārîm* which-*yāšab* in-them *Lôṭ*", "grammar": { "*yəhî*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular apocopated form - it happened/came to pass", "*šaḥêt*": "Piel infinitive construct - destroying", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun (used as singular) - God", "*ʿārêy*": "feminine plural construct - cities of", "*kikār*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the plain/valley/circle", "*yizkōr*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - he remembered", "*ʾAbrāhām*": "proper noun - Abraham", "*yəšallaḥ*": "Piel imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - he sent out", "*Lôṭ*": "proper noun - Lot", "*tôk*": "masculine singular construct - midst of", "*hăpêkâ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the overthrow/destruction", "*hăpōk*": "Qal infinitive construct - overthrowing", "*ʿārîm*": "feminine plural noun with definite article - the cities", "*yāšab*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he dwelt/resided" }, "variants": { "*šaḥêt*": "destroying/ruining/corrupting", "*kikār*": "plain/valley/circle/district", "*yizkōr*": "remembered/thought of/kept in mind", "*yəšallaḥ*": "sent out/sent away/delivered", "*tôk*": "midst/middle/among", "*hăpêkâ*": "overthrow/destruction/overturning", "*yāšab*": "dwelt/resided/lived" } }
• Deut 29:23 : 23 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.29.23", "source": "וְאָֽמְרוּ֙ כָּל־הַגּוֹיִ֔ם עַל־מֶ֨ה עָשָׂ֧ה יְהוָ֛ה כָּ֖כָה לָאָ֣רֶץ הַזֹּ֑את מֶ֥ה חֳרִ֛י הָאַ֥ף הַגָּד֖וֹל הַזֶּֽה׃", "text": "And-*ʾāmᵉrû* all-the-*gôyim*: For-what *ʿāśāh* *YHWH* thus to-the-*ʾāreṣ* the-*zōʾt*? What *ḥŏrî* the-*ʾap̄* the-*gādôl* the-*zeh*?", "grammar": { "*ʾāmᵉrû*": "Qal perfect 3rd common plural consecutive - and they will say", "*gôyim*": "noun masculine plural - nations", "*ʿāśāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he did", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun feminine singular - land", "*zōʾt*": "demonstrative adjective feminine singular - this", "*ḥŏrî*": "noun masculine singular construct - burning of", "*ʾap̄*": "noun masculine singular - nose/anger", "*gādôl*": "adjective masculine singular - great", "*zeh*": "demonstrative adjective masculine singular - this" }, "variants": { "*gôyim*": "nations/peoples/gentiles", "*ʿāśāh*": "did/made/accomplished", "*ḥŏrî*": "burning/heat/fierceness", "*ʾap̄*": "anger/nose/wrath" } }
• Deut 32:32 : 32 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.32", "source": "כִּֽי־מִגֶּ֤פֶן סְדֹם֙ גַּפְנָ֔ם וּמִשַּׁדְמֹ֖ת עֲמֹרָ֑ה עֲנָבֵ֙מוֹ֙ עִנְּבֵי־ר֔וֹשׁ אַשְׁכְּלֹ֥ת מְרֹרֹ֖ת לָֽמוֹ׃", "text": "For from-*gep̄en* *Səḏōm* *gap̄nām*, and-from-*šaḏmōṯ* *ʿĂmōrāh*; *ʿănāḇêmô* *ʿinnəḇê*-*rôš*, *ʾaškəlōṯ* *mərōrōṯ* to-them.", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*mi*": "preposition - from", "*gep̄en*": "noun, feminine, singular construct - vine of", "*Səḏōm*": "proper noun - Sodom", "*gap̄nām*": "noun, feminine, singular construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their vine", "*û*": "conjunction - and", "*mi*": "preposition - from", "*šaḏmōṯ*": "noun, feminine, plural construct - fields of", "*ʿĂmōrāh*": "proper noun - Gomorrah", "*ʿănāḇêmô*": "noun, masculine, plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their grapes", "*ʿinnəḇê*": "noun, masculine, plural construct - grapes of", "*rôš*": "noun, masculine, singular - poison/venom/bitterness", "*ʾaškəlōṯ*": "noun, masculine, plural construct - clusters of", "*mərōrōṯ*": "noun, feminine, plural - bitterness/bitter things", "*lāmô*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - to them/for them" }, "variants": { "*gep̄en*": "vine/grapevine", "*gap̄nām*": "their vine/their vineyard", "*šaḏmōṯ*": "fields/vineyards/terraces", "*ʿănāḇêmô*": "their grapes/their fruit", "*ʿinnəḇê*": "grapes of/berries of", "*rôš*": "poison/venom/gall/bitterness", "*ʾaškəlōṯ*": "clusters/bunches", "*mərōrōṯ*": "bitterness/bitter things/gall" } }
• Isa 1:9-9 : 9 { "verseID": "Isaiah.1.9", "source": "לוּלֵי֙ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֔וֹת הוֹתִ֥יר לָ֛נוּ שָׂרִ֖יד כִּמְעָ֑ט כִּסְדֹ֣ם הָיִ֔ינוּ לַעֲמֹרָ֖ה דָּמִֽינוּ׃ ס", "text": "*lûlê* *YHWH* *ṣᵉbāʾôt* *hôtîr* *lānû* *śārîd* *kim'āṭ* *kisᵉdōm* *hāyînû* *la'ămōrâ* *dāmînû*", "grammar": { "*lûlê*": "conjunction - unless/if not for", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*ṣᵉbāʾôt*": "noun, feminine plural - of hosts/armies", "*hôtîr*": "verb, hifil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - had left", "*lānû*": "preposition lᵉ- + 1st person plural suffix - for us", "*śārîd*": "noun, masculine singular - survivor/remnant", "*kim'āṭ*": "preposition kᵉ- + adverb - as few/almost", "*kisᵉdōm*": "preposition kᵉ- + proper noun - like Sodom", "*hāyînû*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person plural - we would have been", "*la'ămōrâ*": "preposition lᵉ- + proper noun - to Gomorrah", "*dāmînû*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person plural - we would have been like" }, "variants": { "*lûlê*": "unless/if not for/except", "*ṣᵉbāʾôt*": "hosts/armies/multitudes", "*hôtîr*": "left/spared/preserved", "*śārîd*": "survivor/remnant/escapee", "*kim'āṭ*": "as few/almost/a little", "*hāyînû*": "we would have been/we had become", "*dāmînû*": "we would have been like/we would have resembled" } } 10 { "verseID": "Isaiah.1.10", "source": "שִׁמְע֥וּ דְבַר־יְהוָ֖ה קְצִינֵ֣י סְדֹ֑ם הַאֲזִ֛ינוּ תּוֹרַ֥ת אֱלֹהֵ֖ינוּ עַ֥ם עֲמֹרָֽה׃", "text": "*šim'û* *dᵉbar*-*YHWH* *qᵉṣînê* *sᵉdōm* *haʾăzînû* *tôrat* *ʾĕlōhênû* *'am* *'ămōrâ*", "grammar": { "*šim'û*": "verb, qal imperative, masculine plural - hear", "*dᵉbar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - word of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*qᵉṣînê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - rulers of", "*sᵉdōm*": "proper noun - Sodom", "*haʾăzînû*": "verb, hifil imperative, masculine plural - give ear to", "*tôrat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - law/instruction of", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "noun, masculine plural + 1st person plural suffix - our God", "*'am*": "noun, masculine singular construct - people of", "*'ămōrâ*": "proper noun - Gomorrah" }, "variants": { "*šim'û*": "hear/listen/obey", "*dᵉbar*": "word/message/command", "*qᵉṣînê*": "rulers/chiefs/commanders", "*haʾăzînû*": "give ear to/listen attentively/pay attention to", "*tôrat*": "law/instruction/teaching/direction" } }
• Ezek 23:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.11", "source": "וַתֵּ֙רֶא֙ אֲחוֹתָ֣הּ אָהֳלִיבָ֔ה וַתַּשְׁחֵ֥ת עַגְבָתָ֖הּ מִמֶּ֑נָּה וְאֶת־תַּ֨זְנוּתֶ֔יהָ מִזְּנוּנֵ֖י אֲחוֹתָֽהּ׃", "text": "And *wattēreʾ* *ʾăḥôtāh* *ʾāhŏlîḇâ* and *wattašḥēt* *ʿaḡḇātāh* than her and *ʾet*-*taznûtêhā* from *zənûnê* *ʾăḥôtāh*", "grammar": { "*wattēreʾ*": "3rd feminine singular waw-consecutive imperfect of *rāʾâ* - and she saw", "*ʾăḥôtāh*": "singular noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her sister", "*ʾāhŏlîḇâ*": "proper noun - Oholibah", "*wattašḥēt*": "3rd feminine singular waw-consecutive imperfect of *šāḥat* - and she corrupted", "*ʿaḡḇātāh*": "noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her lust", "*ʾet*-*taznûtêhā*": "direct object marker + plural noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her harlotries", "*zənûnê*": "plural construct - harlotries of", "*ʾăḥôtāh*": "singular noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her sister" }, "variants": { "*wattašḥēt*": "she corrupted/was more corrupt in", "*ʿaḡḇātāh*": "her lust/inordinate affection", "*taznûtêhā*": "her harlotries/prostitutions", "*zənûnê*": "harlotries/prostitutions/fornications of" } }
• Ezek 23:31-33 : 31 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.31", "source": "בְּדֶ֥רֶךְ אֲחוֹתֵ֖ךְ הָלָ֑כְתְּ וְנָתַתִּ֥י כוֹסָ֖הּ בְּיָדֵֽךְ׃", "text": "In *derek* *ʾăḥôtēk* [the way of your sister] *hālākt* [you have walked]; and I will *nātattî* [give] *kôsāh* [her cup] *bᵊyādēk* [into your hand].", "grammar": { "*derek*": "construct masculine singular - way/path of", "*ʾăḥôtēk*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your sister", "*hālākt*": "Qal perfect 2nd feminine singular - you walked/went", "*nātattî*": "Qal perfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive - I will give/place", "*kôsāh*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her cup", "*bᵊyādēk*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix and preposition bet - into your hand" }, "variants": { "*derek*": "way/path/manner", "*ʾăḥôtēk*": "your sister/relative", "*hālākt*": "you walked/went/followed", "*kôsāh*": "her cup/fate/portion", "*bᵊyādēk*": "into your hand/power/control" } } 32 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.32", "source": "כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהֹוִ֔ה כּ֤וֹס אֲחוֹתֵךְ֙ תִּשְׁתִּ֔י הָעֲמֻקָּ֖ה וְהָרְחָבָ֑ה תִּהְיֶ֥ה לִצְחֹ֛ק וּלְלַ֖עַג מִרְבָּ֥ה לְהָכִֽיל׃", "text": "Thus *kōh* *ʾāmar* *ʾădōnāy* *yᵊhwih* [says the Lord YHWH]: *kôs* *ʾăḥôtēk* [The cup of your sister] *tištî* [you shall drink], *hāʿămuqqāh* and *hārᵊḥābāh* [the deep and the wide]; *tihyeh* [it shall be] *liṣḥōq* and *lᵊlaʿag* [for scorn and for derision]; *mirbāh* *lᵊhākîl* [much to contain].", "grammar": { "*kōh*": "adverb - thus/so", "*ʾāmar*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - said/declared", "*ʾădōnāy*": "noun with 1st person plural possessive suffix (formal) - my Lord", "*yᵊhwih*": "proper noun - YHWH (divine name)", "*kôs*": "construct feminine singular - cup of", "*ʾăḥôtēk*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your sister", "*tištî*": "Qal imperfect 2nd feminine singular - you will drink", "*hāʿămuqqāh*": "feminine singular adjective with definite article - the deep", "*hārᵊḥābāh*": "feminine singular adjective with definite article - the wide", "*tihyeh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - it will be", "*liṣḥōq*": "masculine singular noun with preposition lamed - for scorn/laughter", "*lᵊlaʿag*": "masculine singular noun with preposition lamed - for derision/mockery", "*mirbāh*": "feminine singular adjective - much/abundant", "*lᵊhākîl*": "Hiphil infinitive construct with preposition lamed - to contain/hold" }, "variants": { "*kôs*": "cup/vessel/portion", "*ʾăḥôtēk*": "your sister/relative", "*tištî*": "you will drink/consume/endure", "*hāʿămuqqāh*": "the deep/profound", "*hārᵊḥābāh*": "the wide/broad/large", "*liṣḥōq*": "for scorn/laughter/ridicule", "*lᵊlaʿag*": "for derision/mockery/scoffing", "*mirbāh*": "much/abundant/great", "*lᵊhākîl*": "to contain/hold/receive" } } 33 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.33", "source": "שִׁכָּר֥וֹן וְיָג֖וֹן תִּמָּלֵ֑אִי כּ֚וֹס שַׁמָּ֣ה וּשְׁמָמָ֔ה כּ֖וֹס אֲחוֹתֵ֥ךְ שֹׁמְרֽוֹן׃", "text": "*šikkārôn* and *yāgôn* [Drunkenness and sorrow] *timmālēʾî* [you will be filled with]; *kôs* *šammāh* and *šᵊmāmāh* [a cup of horror and desolation]; *kôs* *ʾăḥôtēk* *šōmᵊrôn* [the cup of your sister Samaria].", "grammar": { "*šikkārôn*": "masculine singular noun - drunkenness/intoxication", "*yāgôn*": "masculine singular noun - sorrow/grief", "*timmālēʾî*": "Niphal imperfect 2nd feminine singular - you will be filled", "*kôs*": "construct feminine singular - cup of", "*šammāh*": "feminine singular noun - horror/astonishment", "*šᵊmāmāh*": "feminine singular noun - desolation/waste", "*kôs*": "construct feminine singular - cup of", "*ʾăḥôtēk*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your sister", "*šōmᵊrôn*": "proper noun - Samaria" }, "variants": { "*šikkārôn*": "drunkenness/intoxication", "*yāgôn*": "sorrow/grief/anguish", "*timmālēʾî*": "you will be filled/satisfied/full", "*šammāh*": "horror/astonishment/dismay", "*šᵊmāmāh*": "desolation/waste/devastation", "*ʾăḥôtēk*": "your sister/relative" } }
• Ezek 26:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.26.6", "source": "וּבְנוֹתֶ֙יהָ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בַּשָּׂדֶ֔ה בַּחֶ֖רֶב תֵּהָרַ֑גְנָה וְיָדְע֖וּ כִּי־אֲנִ֥י יְהוָֽה׃ פ", "text": "And her *benôtehā* that *bassādeh* with the *chereb* *tēhāragnâ*, and *yāde'û* that I am *YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*benôtehā*": "feminine plural noun with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her daughters", "*bassādeh*": "preposition + masculine singular noun with definite article - in the field", "*chereb*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the sword", "*tēhāragnâ*": "niphal imperfect, 3rd person feminine plural - they will be slain", "*yāde'û*": "qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they will know" }, "variants": { "*benôtehā*": "her daughters/her dependent villages", "*bassādeh*": "in the field/in the open country/in the countryside" } }
• Hos 11:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Hosea.11.8", "source": "אֵ֞יךְ אֶתֶּנְךָ֣ אֶפְרַ֗יִם אֲמַגֶּנְךָ֙ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אֵ֚יךְ אֶתֶּנְךָ֣ כְאַדְמָ֔ה אֲשִֽׂימְךָ֖ כִּצְבֹאיִ֑ם נֶהְפַּ֤ךְ עָלַי֙ לִבִּ֔י יַ֖חַד נִכְמְר֥וּ נִחוּמָֽי׃", "text": "How shall-I-*ʾettenkā* *ʾEfrayim*? shall-I-*ʾămagenkā* *Yiśrāʾēl*? How shall-I-*ʾettenkā* like-*ʾAdmâ*? shall-I-*ʾăśîməkā* like-*Ṣəbōʾyim*? *Nehpak* upon-me *libbî* *yaḥad* *nikmərû* *niḥûmāy*.", "grammar": { "*ʾêk*": "interrogative adverb - how", "*ʾettenkā*": "verb, qal imperfect 1st person singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - I will give you/deliver you", "*ʾEfrayim*": "proper noun - Ephraim", "*ʾămagenkā*": "verb, piel imperfect 1st person singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - I will deliver/surrender you", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʾêk*": "interrogative adverb - how", "*ʾettenkā*": "verb, qal imperfect 1st person singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - I will give you/deliver you", "*kə-*": "preposition prefix - like/as", "*ʾAdmâ*": "proper noun - Admah", "*ʾăśîməkā*": "verb, qal imperfect 1st person singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - I will make you/set you", "*kə-*": "preposition prefix - like/as", "*Ṣəbōʾyim*": "proper noun - Zeboiim", "*nehpak*": "verb, niphal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - it is turned/overturned", "*ʿālay*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - upon me", "*libbî*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my heart", "*yaḥad*": "adverb - together/all at once", "*nikmərû*": "verb, niphal perfect 3rd person plural - they grow warm/are kindled", "*niḥûmāy*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - my compassions" }, "variants": { "*ʾettenkā*": "give you up/deliver you/hand you over", "*ʾămagenkā*": "deliver you/surrender you/shield you", "*ʾAdmâ*": "Admah (city destroyed with Sodom)", "*ʾăśîməkā*": "make you/set you/place you", "*Ṣəbōʾyim*": "Zeboiim (city destroyed with Sodom)", "*nehpak*": "is turned/overturned/changed", "*libbî*": "my heart/mind/inner self", "*nikmərû*": "grow warm/are kindled/are stirred", "*niḥûmāy*": "my compassions/consolations" } }
• Mic 1:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Micah.1.5", "source": "בְּפֶ֤שַׁע יַֽעֲקֹב֙ כָּל־זֹ֔את וּבְחַטֹּ֖אות בֵּ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל מִֽי־פֶ֣שַׁע יַעֲקֹ֗ב הֲלוֹא֙ שֹֽׁמְר֔וֹן וּמִי֙ בָּמ֣וֹת יְהוּדָ֔ה הֲל֖וֹא יְרוּשָׁלָֽ͏ִם׃", "text": "In-*pešaʿ* *Yaʿăqōḇ* all-this and-in-*ḥaṭṭōʾôṯ* *bêṯ* *Yiśrāʾēl* who-*pešaʿ* *Yaʿăqōḇ* is-not *Šōmərôn* and-who *bāmôṯ* *Yəhûḏāh* is-not *Yərûšālaim*", "grammar": { "*pešaʿ*": "common noun, masculine singular - transgression/rebellion", "*Yaʿăqōḇ*": "proper name, masculine singular", "*ḥaṭṭōʾôṯ*": "common noun, feminine plural - sins", "*bêṯ*": "common noun, masculine singular construct - house of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper name, masculine singular", "*Šōmərôn*": "proper name, feminine singular", "*bāmôṯ*": "common noun, feminine plural construct - high places of", "*Yəhûḏāh*": "proper name, masculine singular", "*Yərûšālaim*": "proper name, feminine singular" }, "variants": { "*pešaʿ*": "transgression/rebellion/revolt/sin", "*ḥaṭṭōʾôṯ*": "sins/offenses/transgressions", "*bêṯ*": "house/household/dynasty/family", "*bāmôṯ*": "high places/shrines/cultic platforms" } }
• Luke 17:28-30 : 28 { "verseID": "Luke.17.28", "source": "Ὁμοίως καὶ ὼς ἐγένετο ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις Λώτ· ἤσθιον, ἔπινον, ἠγόραζον, ἐπώλουν, ἐφύτευον, ᾠκοδόμουν·", "text": "Likewise also as *egeneto* in the *hēmerais* of *Lōt*; they were *ēsthion*, they were *epinon*, they were *ēgorazon*, they were *epōloun*, they were *ephyteuon*, they were *ōkodomoun*;", "grammar": { "*egeneto*": "aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular - it happened/came to pass", "*hēmerais*": "dative, feminine, plural - days", "*Lōt*": "genitive, masculine, singular - Lot", "*ēsthion*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural - they were eating", "*epinon*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural - they were drinking", "*ēgorazon*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural - they were buying", "*epōloun*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural - they were selling", "*ephyteuon*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural - they were planting", "*ōkodomoun*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural - they were building" }, "variants": { "*Lōt*": "Lot (biblical figure, nephew of Abraham)", "*ēgorazon*": "they were buying/purchasing", "*epōloun*": "they were selling/trading", "*ephyteuon*": "they were planting/cultivating", "*ōkodomoun*": "they were building/constructing" } } 29 { "verseID": "Luke.17.29", "source": "ᾟ δὲ ἡμέρᾳ ἐξῆλθεν Λὼτ ἀπὸ Σοδόμων ἔβρεξεν πῦρ καὶ θεῖον ἀπʼ οὐρανοῦ, καὶ ἀπώλεσεν ἅπαντας.", "text": "But to which *hēmera* *exēlthen* *Lōt* from *Sodomōn* it *ebrexen* *pyr* and *theion* from *ouranou*, and *apōlesen* *hapantas*.", "grammar": { "*hēmera*": "dative, feminine, singular - day", "*exēlthen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - went out", "*Lōt*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Lot", "*Sodomōn*": "genitive, neuter, plural - Sodom", "*ebrexen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - rained", "*pyr*": "accusative, neuter, singular - fire", "*theion*": "accusative, neuter, singular - brimstone/sulfur", "*ouranou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - heaven", "*apōlesen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - destroyed", "*hapantas*": "accusative, masculine, plural - all" }, "variants": { "*exēlthen*": "went out/departed/left", "*Sodomōn*": "Sodom (biblical city)", "*ebrexen*": "rained/poured down/showered", "*pyr*": "fire", "*theion*": "brimstone/sulfur", "*apōlesen*": "destroyed/obliterated/killed" } } 30 { "verseID": "Luke.17.30", "source": "Κατὰ ταῦτα ἔσται ᾗ ἡμέρᾳ ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου ἀποκαλύπτεται.", "text": "According to these things it will *estai* on which *hēmera* the *Uios* of the *anthrōpou* *apokalyptetai*.", "grammar": { "*estai*": "future middle indicative, 3rd singular - will be", "*hēmera*": "dative, feminine, singular - day", "*Uios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Son", "*anthrōpou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of man", "*apokalyptetai*": "present passive indicative, 3rd singular - is revealed" }, "variants": { "*Uios tou anthrōpou*": "Son of Man (messianic title)", "*apokalyptetai*": "is revealed/is disclosed/is uncovered" } }
• 2 Pet 2:6 : 6 { "verseID": "2 Peter.2.6", "source": "Καὶ πόλεις Σοδόμων καὶ Γομόρρας τεφρώσας καταστροφῇ κατέκρινεν, ὑπόδειγμα μελλόντων ἀσεβεῖν τεθεικώς·", "text": "*Kai poleis Sodomōn kai Gomorrhas tephrōsas katastrophē katekrinen, hypodeigma mellontōn asebein tetheikōs*;", "grammar": { "*Kai*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*poleis*": "accusative plural feminine - 'cities'", "*Sodomōn kai Gomorrhas*": "genitive plural - 'of Sodom and Gomorrah'", "*tephrōsas*": "aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine - 'having reduced to ashes'", "*katastrophē*": "dative singular feminine - 'by/with overthrow/destruction'", "*katekrinen*": "aorist indicative active, 3rd singular - 'condemned'", "*hypodeigma*": "accusative singular neuter - 'example/pattern'", "*mellontōn*": "present active participle, genitive plural masculine - 'of those about to'", "*asebein*": "present infinitive active - 'to be ungodly'", "*tetheikōs*": "perfect active participle, nominative singular masculine - 'having made/set'" }, "variants": { "*poleis*": "cities/towns", "*tephrōsas*": "having reduced to ashes/having incinerated", "*katastrophē*": "overthrow/destruction/ruin", "*katekrinen*": "condemned/sentenced/judged against", "*hypodeigma*": "example/pattern/warning/illustration", "*mellontōn*": "of those about to/of those going to/of future ones", "*asebein*": "to be ungodly/to act impiously", "*tetheikōs*": "having made/having set/having established/having appointed" } }
• Jude 1:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Jude.1.7", "source": "Ὡς Σόδομα καὶ Γόμορρα, καὶ αἱ περὶ αὐτὰς πόλεις τὸν ὅμοιον τούτοις τρόπον, ἐκπορνεύσασαι, καὶ ἀπελθοῦσαι ὀπίσω σαρκὸς ἑτέρας, πρόκεινται δεῖγμα, πυρὸς αἰωνίου δίκην ὑπέχουσαι.", "text": "As *Sodoma kai Gomorra*, and the *peri autas poleis ton homoion toutois tropon*, *ekporneusasai*, and *apelthousai opisō sarkos heteras*, *prokeintai deigma*, *pyros aiōniou dikēn hypechousai*.", "grammar": { "*Sodoma kai Gomorra*": "nominative, neuter, plural - Sodom and Gomorrah", "*peri autas poleis*": "nominative, feminine, plural - cities around them", "*ton homoion toutois tropon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - the similar manner to these", "*ekporneusasai*": "aorist active participle, nominative, feminine, plural - having committed fornication", "*apelthousai*": "aorist active participle, nominative, feminine, plural - having gone away", "*opisō sarkos heteras*": "prepositional phrase - after strange flesh", "*prokeintai*": "present middle indicative, 3rd person plural - are set forth", "*deigma*": "nominative, neuter, singular - example", "*pyros aiōniou dikēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - punishment of eternal fire", "*hypechousai*": "present active participle, nominative, feminine, plural - undergoing/suffering" }, "variants": { "*poleis*": "cities/towns", "*homoion*": "similar/like/resembling", "*tropon*": "manner/way/fashion", "*ekporneusasai*": "having committed fornication/having indulged in sexual immorality", "*apelthousai*": "having gone away/having departed", "*opisō*": "after/behind", "*sarkos*": "flesh/body", "*heteras*": "strange/different/other", "*prokeintai*": "are set forth/are exhibited/are displayed", "*deigma*": "example/specimen/sample", "*pyros*": "fire/flame", "*aiōniou*": "eternal/everlasting", "*dikēn*": "punishment/penalty/vengeance", "*hypechousai*": "undergoing/suffering/bearing" } }
• Rev 11:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Revelation.11.8", "source": "Καὶ τὰ πτῶματα αὐτῶν ἐπὶ τῆς πλατείας τῆς πόλεως τῆς μεγάλης, ἥτις καλεῖται πνευματικῶς Σόδομα καὶ Αἴγυπτος, ὅπου καὶ ὁ Κύριος ἡμῶν ἐσταυρώθη.", "text": "And the *ptōmata* of them upon the *plateias* of the *poleōs* of the *megalēs*, which *kaleitai* *pneumatikōs* *Sodoma* and *Aigyptos*, where also the *Kyrios* of us *estaurōthē*.", "grammar": { "*ptōmata*": "nominative neuter plural - corpses/fallen bodies", "*plateias*": "genitive feminine singular - of street/wide way", "*poleōs*": "genitive feminine singular - of city", "*megalēs*": "genitive feminine singular - of great/large", "*kaleitai*": "present passive indicative, 3rd singular - is called", "*pneumatikōs*": "adverb - spiritually/symbolically", "*Sodoma*": "nominative neuter singular - Sodom", "*Aigyptos*": "nominative feminine singular - Egypt", "*Kyrios*": "nominative masculine singular - Lord", "*estaurōthē*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular - was crucified" }, "variants": { "*ptōmata*": "corpses/fallen bodies/carcasses", "*plateias*": "street/broad way/public square", "*poleōs*": "city/town", "*megalēs*": "great/large/important", "*kaleitai*": "is called/named", "*pneumatikōs*": "spiritually/symbolically/allegorically", "*estaurōthē*": "was crucified/impaled" } }