12{
"verseID": "Ezekiel.23.12",
"source": "אֶל־בְּנֵי֩ אַשּׁ֨וּר עָגָ֜בָה פַּח֨וֹת וּסְגָנִ֤ים קְרֹבִים֙ לְבֻשֵׁ֣י מִכְל֔וֹל פָּרָשִׁ֖ים רֹכְבֵ֣י סוּסִ֑ים בַּח֥וּרֵי חֶ֖מֶד כֻּלָּֽם׃",
"text": "Unto-*bənê* *ʾaššûr* *ʿāḡāḇâ* *paḥôt* and *səḡānîm* *qərōḇîm* *ləḇušê* *miḵlôl* *pārāšîm* *rōḵəḇê* *sûsîm* *baḥûrê* *ḥemed* all of them",
"grammar": {
"*bənê*": "masculine plural construct - sons of",
"*ʾaššûr*": "proper noun - Assyria",
"*ʿāḡāḇâ*": "3rd feminine singular Qal perfect - she lusted after",
"*paḥôt*": "masculine plural noun - governors",
"*səḡānîm*": "masculine plural noun - officials/rulers",
"*qərōḇîm*": "masculine plural adjective - neighboring/near",
"*ləḇušê*": "masculine plural construct - clothed in/wearing",
"*miḵlôl*": "masculine singular noun - perfection/splendor",
"*pārāšîm*": "masculine plural noun - horsemen",
"*rōḵəḇê*": "masculine plural construct participle - riders of",
"*sûsîm*": "masculine plural noun - horses",
"*baḥûrê*": "masculine plural construct - young men of",
"*ḥemed*": "masculine singular noun - desire/delight"
},
"variants": {
"*paḥôt*": "governors/captains/officials",
"*səḡānîm*": "prefects/rulers/officials",
"*miḵlôl*": "perfection/splendor/gorgeous clothing",
"*baḥûrê*": "young men/choice men",
"*ḥemed*": "desire/desirability/handsome"
}
}
13{
"verseID": "Ezekiel.23.13",
"source": "וָאֵ֖רֶא כִּ֣י נִטְמָ֑אָה דֶּ֥רֶךְ אֶחָ֖ד לִשְׁתֵּיהֶֽן׃",
"text": "And *wāʾēreʾ* that *niṭmāʾâ* *dereḵ* *ʾeḥād* for both of them",
"grammar": {
"*wāʾēreʾ*": "1st singular Qal waw-consecutive imperfect of *rāʾâ* - and I saw",
"*niṭmāʾâ*": "3rd feminine singular Niphal perfect - she was defiled",
"*dereḵ*": "masculine singular construct - way of",
"*ʾeḥād*": "numeral - one",
"*lištêhen*": "preposition + dual feminine noun + 3rd feminine plural suffix - for both of them"
},
"variants": {
"*niṭmāʾâ*": "she was defiled/polluted/made unclean",
"*dereḵ*": "way/path/manner"
}
}
14{
"verseID": "Ezekiel.23.14",
"source": "וַתּ֖וֹסֶף אֶל־תַּזְנוּתֶ֑יהָ וַתֵּ֗רֶא אַנְשֵׁי֙ מְחֻקֶּ֣ה עַל־הַקִּ֔יר צַלְמֵ֣י כַשְׂדִּ֔ים חֲקֻקִ֖ים בַּשָּׁשַֽׁר׃",
"text": "And *wattôsef* unto-*taznûtêhā* and *wattēreʾ* *ʾanšê* *məḥuqqeh* upon-*haqqîr* *ṣalmê* *kaśdîm* *ḥăquqîm* in *baššāšar*",
"grammar": {
"*wattôsef*": "3rd feminine singular waw-consecutive imperfect of *yāsap* - and she added",
"*taznûtêhā*": "plural noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her harlotries",
"*wattēreʾ*": "3rd feminine singular waw-consecutive imperfect of *rāʾâ* - and she saw",
"*ʾanšê*": "masculine plural construct - men of",
"*məḥuqqeh*": "passive participle - portrayed/drawn/carved",
"*haqqîr*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the wall",
"*ṣalmê*": "masculine plural construct - images of",
"*kaśdîm*": "proper noun - Chaldeans",
"*ḥăquqîm*": "masculine plural Qal passive participle - carved/engraved",
"*baššāšar*": "preposition + definite article + noun - in the vermilion/red ochre"
},
"variants": {
"*wattôsef*": "she increased/added to",
"*məḥuqqeh*": "portrayed/drawn/carved",
"*ṣalmê*": "images/likenesses/figures",
"*ḥăquqîm*": "carved/engraved/portrayed",
"*baššāšar*": "in vermilion/red ochre/bright red color"
}
}
15{
"verseID": "Ezekiel.23.15",
"source": "חֲגוֹרֵ֨י אֵז֜וֹר בְּמָתְנֵיהֶ֗ם סְרוּחֵ֤י טְבוּלִים֙ בְּרָ֣אשֵׁיהֶ֔ם מַרְאֵ֥ה שָׁלִשִׁ֖ים כֻּלָּ֑ם דְּמ֤וּת בְּנֵֽי־בָבֶל֙ כַּשְׂדִּ֔ים אֶ֖רֶץ מוֹלַדְתָּֽם׃",
"text": "*ḥăḡôrê* *ʾēzôr* in *bəmātnêhem* *sərûḥê* *ṭəḇûlîm* in *bərāʾšêhem* *marʾēh* *šālišîm* all of them *dəmût* *bənê*-*ḇāḇel* *kaśdîm* *ʾereṣ* *môladtām*",
"grammar": {
"*ḥăḡôrê*": "masculine plural construct - girded with",
"*ʾēzôr*": "masculine singular noun - belt/girdle",
"*bəmātnêhem*": "preposition + masculine plural noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - around their loins",
"*sərûḥê*": "masculine plural construct - hanging down/flowing",
"*ṭəḇûlîm*": "masculine plural noun - turbans/dyed attire",
"*bərāʾšêhem*": "preposition + masculine plural noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - on their heads",
"*marʾēh*": "masculine singular construct - appearance of",
"*šālišîm*": "masculine plural noun - officers",
"*dəmût*": "feminine singular construct - likeness of",
"*bənê*-*ḇāḇel*": "masculine plural construct + proper noun - sons of Babylon",
"*kaśdîm*": "proper noun - Chaldeans",
"*ʾereṣ*": "feminine singular construct - land of",
"*môladtām*": "feminine singular noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their nativity/birth"
},
"variants": {
"*ḥăḡôrê*": "girded with/wearing",
"*ʾēzôr*": "belt/girdle/waistband",
"*sərûḥê*": "hanging down/flowing/redundant",
"*ṭəḇûlîm*": "turbans/dyed attire/colored headdresses",
"*marʾēh*": "appearance/sight/vision",
"*šālišîm*": "officers/captains/nobles",
"*dəmût*": "likeness/appearance/similitude",
"*môladtām*": "their nativity/birthplace/native land"
}
}
16{
"verseID": "Ezekiel.23.16",
"source": "וַתַּעְגְּבָ֥ה עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם לְמַרְאֵ֣ה עֵינֶ֑יהָ וַתִּשְׁלַ֧ח מַלְאָכִ֛ים אֲלֵיהֶ֖ם כַּשְׂדִּֽימָה׃",
"text": "And *wattaʿgəbâ* upon them to *marʾēh* *ʿênêhā* and *wattišlaḥ* *malʾāḵîm* to them *kaśdîmâ*",
"grammar": {
"*wattaʿgəbâ*": "3rd feminine singular waw-consecutive imperfect of *ʿāgaḇ* - and she lusted after",
"*marʾēh*": "masculine singular construct - sight of",
"*ʿênêhā*": "plural noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her eyes",
"*wattišlaḥ*": "3rd feminine singular waw-consecutive imperfect of *šālaḥ* - and she sent",
"*malʾāḵîm*": "masculine plural noun - messengers",
"*kaśdîmâ*": "proper noun + directional he - to Chaldea"
},
"variants": {
"*wattaʿgəbâ*": "she lusted after/doted upon",
"*marʾēh*": "sight/appearance/vision",
"*malʾāḵîm*": "messengers/envoys/ambassadors",
"*kaśdîmâ*": "to Chaldea/toward the land of the Chaldeans"
}
}
17{
"verseID": "Ezekiel.23.17",
"source": "וַיָּבֹ֨אוּ אֵלֶ֤יהָ בְנֵֽי־בָבֶל֙ לְמִשְׁכַּ֣ב דֹּדִ֔ים וַיְטַמְּא֥וּ אוֹתָ֖הּ בְּתַזְנוּתָ֑ם וַתִּ֨טְמָא־בָ֔ם וַתֵּ֥קַע נַפְשָׁ֖הּ מֵהֶֽם׃",
"text": "And *wayyāḇōʾû* to her *bənê*-*ḇāḇel* to *miškab* *dōdîm* and *wayəṭamməʾû* her in *bətaznûtām* and *wattiṭmāʾ*-in them and *wattēqaʿ* *nafšāh* from them",
"grammar": {
"*wayyāḇōʾû*": "3rd plural masculine waw-consecutive imperfect of *bôʾ* - and they came",
"*bənê*-*ḇāḇel*": "masculine plural construct + proper noun - sons of Babylon",
"*miškab*": "masculine singular construct - bed of",
"*dōdîm*": "masculine plural noun - loves/carnal love",
"*wayəṭamməʾû*": "3rd plural masculine waw-consecutive imperfect of *ṭāmēʾ* - and they defiled",
"*bətaznûtām*": "preposition + feminine plural noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - with their fornication",
"*wattiṭmāʾ*": "3rd feminine singular waw-consecutive imperfect of *ṭāmēʾ* - and she was defiled",
"*wattēqaʿ*": "3rd feminine singular waw-consecutive imperfect of *yāqaʿ* - and she turned away",
"*nafšāh*": "feminine singular noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her soul",
"*mēhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - from them"
},
"variants": {
"*miškab*": "bed/couch/place of lying",
"*dōdîm*": "loves/caresses/sexual relations",
"*wayəṭamməʾû*": "they defiled/polluted/made unclean",
"*wattiṭmāʾ*": "she was defiled/polluted/made unclean",
"*wattēqaʿ*": "she turned away/alienated/was disgusted with",
"*nafšāh*": "her soul/desire/mind"
}
}
18{
"verseID": "Ezekiel.23.18",
"source": "וַתְּגַל֙ תַּזְנוּתֶ֔יהָ וַתְּגַ֖ל אֶת־עֶרְוָתָ֑הּ וַתֵּ֤קַע נַפְשִׁי֙ מֵֽעָלֶ֔יהָ כַּאֲשֶׁ֛ר נָקְעָ֥ה נַפְשִׁ֖י מֵעַ֥ל אֲחוֹתָֽהּ׃",
"text": "And *wattəḡal* *taznûtêhā* and *wattəḡal* *ʾet*-*ʿerwātāh* and *wattēqaʿ* *nafšî* from upon her as *nāqəʿâ* *nafšî* from upon *ʾăḥôtāh*",
"grammar": {
"*wattəḡal*": "3rd feminine singular waw-consecutive imperfect of *gālâ* - and she uncovered/revealed",
"*taznûtêhā*": "plural noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her harlotries",
"*ʾet*-*ʿerwātāh*": "direct object marker + feminine singular noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her nakedness",
"*wattēqaʿ*": "3rd feminine singular waw-consecutive imperfect of *yāqaʿ* - and was alienated",
"*nafšî*": "feminine singular noun + 1st singular suffix - my soul",
"*nāqəʿâ*": "3rd feminine singular Qal perfect - was alienated",
"*ʾăḥôtāh*": "feminine singular noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her sister"
},
"variants": {
"*wattəḡal*": "she uncovered/revealed/exposed",
"*taznûtêhā*": "her harlotries/prostitutions/unfaithfulness",
"*ʿerwātāh*": "her nakedness/shame/genitals",
"*wattēqaʿ*": "was alienated/turned away/became disgusted",
"*nafšî*": "my soul/mind/desire",
"*nāqəʿâ*": "was alienated/turned away/became disgusted"
}
}
19{
"verseID": "Ezekiel.23.19",
"source": "וַתַּרְבֶּ֖ה אֶת־תַּזְנוּתֶ֑יהָ לִזְכֹּר֙ אֶת־יְמֵ֣י נְעוּרֶ֔יהָ אֲשֶׁ֥ר זָנְתָ֖ה בְּאֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃",
"text": "And she *tarbeh* [increased] *ʾet*-*taznûteyhā* [her prostitutions] *lizkōr* *ʾet*-*yᵊmê* *nᵊʿûreyhā* [days of her youth] *ʾăšer* *zāntāh* [in which she prostituted] in *ʾereṣ* *miṣrāyim* [land of Egypt].",
"grammar": {
"*tarbeh*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd feminine singular - multiplied/increased",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*taznûteyhā*": "feminine plural noun with 3rd feminine singular possessive suffix - her acts of prostitution/harlotry",
"*lizkōr*": "Qal infinitive construct with preposition lamed - to remember/recall",
"*yᵊmê*": "construct masculine plural of *yôm* (day)",
"*nᵊʿûreyhā*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd feminine singular possessive suffix - her youth",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that/when",
"*zāntāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - she played the harlot/prostituted herself",
"*ʾereṣ*": "construct state - land/country of",
"*miṣrāyim*": "proper noun - Egypt"
},
"variants": {
"*tarbeh*": "multiply/increase/make abundant",
"*taznûteyhā*": "her prostitutions/harlotries/fornications",
"*lizkōr*": "to remember/recall/bring to mind",
"*nᵊʿûreyhā*": "her youth/young womanhood",
"*zāntāh*": "played the harlot/prostituted herself/committed fornication"
}
}
20{
"verseID": "Ezekiel.23.20",
"source": "וַֽתַּעְגְּבָ֔ה עַ֖ל פִּֽלַגְשֵׁיהֶ֑ם אֲשֶׁ֤ר בְּשַׂר־חֲמוֹרִים֙ בְּשָׂרָ֔ם וְזִרְמַ֥ת סוּסִ֖ים זִרְמָתָֽם׃",
"text": "And she *taʿgᵊbāh* [lusted] *ʿal* *pilagšêhem* [after their paramours] *ʾăšer* *bᵊśar*-*ḥămôrîm* *bᵊśārām* [whose flesh is like donkeys' flesh] and *zirmat* *sûsîm* *zirmātām* [emission of horses is their emission].",
"grammar": {
"*taʿgᵊbāh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular with waw consecutive - she lusted/had inordinate affection",
"*ʿal*": "preposition - upon/after/concerning",
"*pilagšêhem*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine plural possessive suffix - their concubines/paramours",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that/who",
"*bᵊśar*": "construct state - flesh of",
"*ḥămôrîm*": "masculine plural noun - donkeys",
"*bᵊśārām*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine plural possessive suffix - their flesh",
"*zirmat*": "construct state - emission/discharge/flow of",
"*sûsîm*": "masculine plural noun - horses",
"*zirmātām*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine plural possessive suffix - their emission"
},
"variants": {
"*taʿgᵊbāh*": "lusted after/doted upon/had inordinate affection",
"*pilagšêhem*": "their paramours/concubines/lovers",
"*bᵊśar*": "flesh/body/male organ",
"*zirmat*": "emission/discharge/ejaculation",
"*zirmātām*": "their emission/discharge/ejaculation"
}
}
21{
"verseID": "Ezekiel.23.21",
"source": "וַֽתִּפְקְדִ֔י אֵ֖ת זִמַּ֣ת נְעוּרָ֑יִךְ בַּעְשׂ֤וֹת מִמִּצְרַ֙יִם֙ דַּדַּ֔יִךְ לְמַ֖עַן שְׁדֵ֥י נְעוּרָֽיִךְ׃",
"text": "And you *tipqᵊdî* [revisited] *ʾēt* *zimmat* *nᵊʿûrāyik* [lewdness of your youth] when *baʿśôt* *mimmiṣrayim* *daddayik* [the Egyptians handled your breasts] *lᵊmaʿan* *šᵊdê* *nᵊʿûrāyik* [because of the bosom of your youth].",
"grammar": {
"*tipqᵊdî*": "Qal imperfect 2nd feminine singular with waw consecutive - you visited/attended to/looked after",
"*ʾēt*": "direct object marker",
"*zimmat*": "construct state - lewdness/wickedness/plan of",
"*nᵊʿûrāyik*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd feminine singular possessive suffix - your youth",
"*baʿśôt*": "Qal infinitive construct with preposition bet - in/when doing/handling",
"*mimmiṣrayim*": "proper noun with preposition min - from/by Egypt",
"*daddayik*": "masculine dual noun with 2nd feminine singular possessive suffix - your breasts",
"*lᵊmaʿan*": "preposition - for the sake of/because of",
"*šᵊdê*": "construct state - breasts/bosom of",
"*nᵊʿûrāyik*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd feminine singular possessive suffix - your youth"
},
"variants": {
"*tipqᵊdî*": "visited/attended to/sought after/revisited",
"*zimmat*": "lewdness/wickedness/depravity",
"*nᵊʿûrāyik*": "your youth/young womanhood",
"*baʿśôt*": "when handling/fondling/caressing",
"*daddayik*": "your breasts/nipples",
"*šᵊdê*": "breasts/bosom/chest"
}
}
22{
"verseID": "Ezekiel.23.22",
"source": "לָכֵ֣ן אָהֳלִיבָ֗ה כֹּֽה־אָמַר֮ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִה֒ הִנְנִ֨י מֵעִ֤יר אֶת־מְאַהֲבַ֙יִךְ֙ עָלַ֔יִךְ אֵ֛ת אֲשֶׁר־נָקְעָ֥ה נַפְשֵׁ֖ךְ מֵהֶ֑ם וַהֲבֵאתִ֥ים עָלַ֖יִךְ מִסָּבִֽיב׃",
"text": "Therefore, *ʾohŏlîbāh* [Oholibah], thus *kōh*-*ʾāmar* *ʾădōnāy* *yᵊhwih* [says the Lord YHWH]: *hinᵊnî* *mēʿîr* *ʾet*-*mᵊʾahăbayik* [Behold, I will stir up your lovers] *ʿālayik* [against you], *ʾēt* *ʾăšer*-*nāqᵊʿāh* *napšēk* *mēhem* [those from whom your soul is alienated], and I will *hăbêʾtîm* [bring them] *ʿālayik* [against you] *missābîb* [from all around].",
"grammar": {
"*ʾohŏlîbāh*": "proper noun - Oholibah (symbolic name)",
"*kōh*": "adverb - thus/so",
"*ʾāmar*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - said/declared",
"*ʾădōnāy*": "noun with 1st person plural possessive suffix (formal) - my Lord",
"*yᵊhwih*": "proper noun - YHWH (divine name)",
"*hinᵊnî*": "interjection with 1st person singular suffix - behold me/I am",
"*mēʿîr*": "Hiphil participle masculine singular - stirring up/arousing",
"*mᵊʾahăbayik*": "Piel participle masculine plural with 2nd feminine singular possessive suffix - your lovers",
"*ʿālayik*": "preposition with 2nd feminine singular suffix - upon/against you",
"*nāqᵊʿāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - was alienated/turned away",
"*napšēk*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular possessive suffix - your soul",
"*mēhem*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - from them",
"*hăbêʾtîm*": "Hiphil perfect 1st person singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - I will bring them",
"*missābîb*": "preposition min + adverb - from all around/from every side"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾohŏlîbāh*": "Oholibah (means 'my tent is in her')",
"*mēʿîr*": "stir up/arouse/awaken",
"*mᵊʾahăbayik*": "your lovers/paramours",
"*nāqᵊʿāh*": "alienated/turned away/dislocated",
"*napšēk*": "your soul/life/desire/self",
"*hăbêʾtîm*": "bring them/cause them to come"
}
}