7 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.48.7",
"source": "וְעַ֣ל ׀ גְּב֣וּל רְאוּבֵ֗ן מִפְּאַ֥ת קָדִ֛ים עַד־פְּאַת־יָ֖מָּה יְהוּדָ֥ה אֶחָֽד׃",
"text": "And upon *gəḇûl* *rəʾûḇēn* from *pəʾaṯ* *qāḏim* until-*pəʾaṯ*-*yāmmāh* *yəhûḏāh* *ʾeḥāḏ*.",
"grammar": {
"*wə-ʿal*": "conjunction + preposition - and upon/alongside",
"*gəḇûl*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - border of",
"*rəʾûḇēn*": "proper noun - Reuben",
"*mippəʾaṯ*": "preposition + noun, feminine, singular, construct - from side of",
"*qāḏim*": "noun - east",
"*ʿaḏ-pəʾaṯ*": "preposition + noun, feminine, singular, construct - until side of",
"*yāmmāh*": "noun, masculine, singular with directional he - westward/seaward",
"*yəhûḏāh*": "proper noun - Judah",
"*ʾeḥāḏ*": "numeral, masculine, singular - one"
},
"variants": {
"*gəḇûl*": "border/territory/boundary",
"*pəʾaṯ*": "side/edge/corner",
"*qāḏim*": "east/eastern direction",
"*yāmmāh*": "westward/seaward"
}
}
8 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.48.8",
"source": "וְעַל֙ גְּב֣וּל יְהוּדָ֔ה מִפְּאַ֥ת קָדִ֖ים עַד־פְּאַת־יָ֑מָּה תִּהְיֶ֣ה הַתְּרוּמָ֣ה אֲֽשֶׁר־תָּרִ֡ימוּ חֲמִשָּׁה֩ וְעֶשְׂרִ֨ים אֶ֜לֶף רֹ֗חַב וְאֹ֜רֶךְ כְּאַחַ֤ד הַחֲלָקִים֙ מִפְּאַ֤ת קָדִ֙ימָה֙ עַד־פְּאַת־יָ֔מָּה וְהָיָ֥ה הַמִּקְדָּ֖שׁ בְּתוֹכֽוֹ׃",
"text": "And upon *gəḇûl* *yəhûḏāh* from *pəʾaṯ* *qāḏim* until-*pəʾaṯ*-*yāmmāh* shall-be the-*tərûmāh* that-*tārîmû* *ḥămiššāh* and-*ʿeśrîm* *ʾelep̄* *rōḥaḇ* and-*ʾōreḵ* like-one-of the-*ḥălāqîm* from *pəʾaṯ* *qāḏîmāh* until-*pəʾaṯ*-*yāmmāh* and-shall-be the-*miqdāš* in-*tôḵô*.",
"grammar": {
"*wə-ʿal*": "conjunction + preposition - and upon/alongside",
"*gəḇûl*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - border of",
"*yəhûḏāh*": "proper noun - Judah",
"*mippəʾaṯ*": "preposition + noun, feminine, singular, construct - from side of",
"*qāḏim*": "noun - east",
"*ʿaḏ-pəʾaṯ*": "preposition + noun, feminine, singular, construct - until side of",
"*yāmmāh*": "noun, masculine, singular with directional he - westward/seaward",
"*tihyeh*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - it shall be",
"*hattərûmāh*": "noun, feminine, singular with definite article - the contribution/offering",
"*ʾăšer-tārîmû*": "relative pronoun + verb, hiphil imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - which you shall offer up",
"*ḥămiššāh wə-ʿeśrîm ʾelep̄*": "numeral construct chain - twenty-five thousand",
"*rōḥaḇ*": "noun, masculine, singular - width",
"*wə-ʾōreḵ*": "conjunction + noun, masculine, singular - and length",
"*kəʾaḥaḏ*": "preposition + numeral, masculine, singular, construct - like one of",
"*haḥălāqîm*": "noun, masculine, plural with definite article - the portions",
"*qāḏîmāh*": "noun with directional he - eastward",
"*wə-hāyāh*": "conjunction + verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and shall be",
"*hammiqdāš*": "noun, masculine, singular with definite article - the sanctuary",
"*bətôḵô*": "preposition + noun, masculine, singular construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - in its midst"
},
"variants": {
"*tərûmāh*": "contribution/offering/sacred portion",
"*tārîmû*": "lift up/offer/set apart",
"*rōḥaḇ*": "width/breadth",
"*ʾōreḵ*": "length",
"*ḥălāqîm*": "portions/divisions/allotments",
"*miqdāš*": "sanctuary/holy place",
"*tôḵ*": "midst/middle/among"
}
}
9 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.48.9",
"source": "הַתְּרוּמָ֕ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר תָּרִ֖ימוּ לַֽיהוָ֑ה אֹ֗רֶךְ חֲמִשָּׁ֤ה וְעֶשְׂרִים֙ אֶ֔לֶף וְרֹ֖חַב עֲשֶׂ֥רֶת אֲלָפִֽים׃",
"text": "The-*tərûmāh* that *tārîmû* to-*YHWH* *ʾōreḵ* *ḥămiššāh* and-*ʿeśrîm* *ʾelep̄* and-*rōḥaḇ* *ʿăśereṯ* *ʾălāp̄îm*.",
"grammar": {
"*hattərûmāh*": "noun, feminine, singular with definite article - the contribution/offering",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - that, which",
"*tārîmû*": "verb, hiphil imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall offer up",
"*laYHWH*": "preposition + divine name - to/for YHWH",
"*ʾōreḵ*": "noun, masculine, singular - length",
"*ḥămiššāh wə-ʿeśrîm ʾelep̄*": "numeral construct chain - twenty-five thousand",
"*wə-rōḥaḇ*": "conjunction + noun, masculine, singular - and width",
"*ʿăśereṯ ʾălāp̄îm*": "numeral construct chain - ten thousand"
},
"variants": {
"*tərûmāh*": "contribution/offering/sacred portion",
"*tārîmû*": "lift up/offer/set apart",
"*ʾōreḵ*": "length",
"*rōḥaḇ*": "width/breadth"
}
}
10 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.48.10",
"source": "וּ֠לְאֵ֜לֶּה תִּהְיֶ֣ה תְרֽוּמַת־הַקֹּדֶשׁ֮ לַכֹּֽהֲנִים֒ צָפ֜וֹנָה חֲמִשָּׁ֧ה וְעֶשְׂרִ֣ים אֶ֗לֶף וְיָ֙מָּה֙ רֹ֚חַב עֲשֶׂ֣רֶת אֲלָפִ֔ים וְקָדִ֗ימָה רֹ֚חַב עֲשֶׂ֣רֶת אֲלָפִ֔ים וְנֶ֕גְבָּה אֹ֕רֶךְ חֲמִשָּׁ֥ה וְעֶשְׂרִ֖ים אָ֑לֶף וְהָיָ֥ה מִקְדַּשׁ־יְהוָ֖ה בְּתוֹכֽוֹ׃",
"text": "And-to-*ʾēlleh* shall-be *tərûmaṯ*-*haqqōḏeš* for-the-*kōhănîm* *ṣāp̄ônāh* *ḥămiššāh* and-*ʿeśrîm* *ʾelep̄* and-*yāmmāh* *rōḥaḇ* *ʿăśereṯ* *ʾălāp̄îm* and-*qāḏîmāh* *rōḥaḇ* *ʿăśereṯ* *ʾălāp̄îm* and-*neḡbāh* *ʾōreḵ* *ḥămiššāh* and-*ʿeśrîm* *ʾālep̄* and-shall-be *miqdaš*-*YHWH* in-*tôḵô*.",
"grammar": {
"*û-lə-ʾēlleh*": "conjunction + preposition + demonstrative pronoun - and to these",
"*tihyeh*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - it shall be",
"*tərûmaṯ-haqqōḏeš*": "noun, feminine, singular construct + noun with definite article - holy offering of",
"*lakkōhănîm*": "preposition + noun, masculine, plural with definite article - for the priests",
"*ṣāp̄ônāh*": "noun, feminine, singular with directional he - northward",
"*ḥămiššāh wə-ʿeśrîm ʾelep̄*": "numeral construct chain - twenty-five thousand",
"*wə-yāmmāh*": "conjunction + noun, masculine, singular with directional he - and westward",
"*rōḥaḇ*": "noun, masculine, singular - width",
"*ʿăśereṯ ʾălāp̄îm*": "numeral construct chain - ten thousand",
"*wə-qāḏîmāh*": "conjunction + noun with directional he - and eastward",
"*wə-neḡbāh*": "conjunction + noun, feminine, singular with directional he - and southward",
"*ʾōreḵ*": "noun, masculine, singular - length",
"*wə-hāyāh*": "conjunction + verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and shall be",
"*miqdaš-YHWH*": "noun, masculine, singular construct + divine name - sanctuary of YHWH",
"*bətôḵô*": "preposition + noun, masculine, singular construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - in its midst"
},
"variants": {
"*tərûmaṯ-haqqōḏeš*": "holy offering/sacred portion/holy contribution",
"*kōhănîm*": "priests",
"*ṣāp̄ônāh*": "northward/to the north",
"*yāmmāh*": "westward/seaward",
"*qāḏîmāh*": "eastward/toward the east",
"*neḡbāh*": "southward/toward the south",
"*rōḥaḇ*": "width/breadth",
"*ʾōreḵ*": "length",
"*miqdaš*": "sanctuary/holy place",
"*tôḵ*": "midst/middle/among"
}
}
11 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.48.11",
"source": "לַכֹּהֲנִ֤ים הַֽמְקֻדָּשׁ֙ מִבְּנֵ֣י צָד֔וֹק אֲשֶׁ֥ר שָׁמְר֖וּ מִשְׁמַרְתִּ֑י אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹֽא־תָע֗וּ בִּתְעוֹת֙ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר תָּע֖וּ הַלְוִיִּֽם׃",
"text": "For-the-*kōhănîm* the-*məquddāš* from-*bənê* *ṣāḏôq* who *šāmərû* *mišmartî* who not-*tāʿû* in-*təʿôṯ* *bənê* *yiśrāʾēl* as *tāʿû* the-*ləwiyyîm*.",
"grammar": {
"*lakkōhănîm*": "preposition + noun, masculine, plural with definite article - for the priests",
"*haməquddāš*": "definite article + verb, pual participle, masculine, singular - the consecrated/sanctified",
"*mibbənê*": "preposition + noun, masculine, plural, construct - from sons of",
"*ṣāḏôq*": "proper noun - Zadok",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who, which",
"*šāmərû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd plural - they kept/guarded",
"*mišmartî*": "noun, feminine, singular + 1st singular suffix - my charge/obligation",
"*lōʾ-tāʿû*": "negative particle + verb, qal perfect, 3rd plural - they did not go astray",
"*bi-təʿôṯ*": "preposition + infinitive construct - in going astray of",
"*bənê*": "noun, masculine, plural, construct - sons of",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*kaʾăšer*": "conjunction + relative pronoun - as",
"*tāʿû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd plural - they went astray",
"*haləwiyyîm*": "definite article + proper noun, plural - the Levites"
},
"variants": {
"*məquddāš*": "consecrated/sanctified/set apart",
"*šāmərû*": "kept/guarded/observed",
"*mišmartî*": "my charge/my duty/my obligation",
"*tāʿû*": "went astray/erred/wandered",
"*təʿôṯ*": "going astray/wandering/erring"
}
}
12 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.48.12",
"source": "וְהָיְתָ֨ה לָהֶ֧ם תְּרוּמִיָּ֛ה מִתְּרוּמַ֥ת הָאָ֖רֶץ קֹ֣דֶשׁ קָדָשִׁ֑ים אֶל־גְּב֖וּל הַלְוִיִּֽם׃",
"text": "And-shall-be to-them *tərûmiyyāh* from-*tərûmaṯ* the-*hāʾāreṣ* *qōḏeš* *qāḏāšîm* to-*gəḇûl* the-*ləwiyyîm*.",
"grammar": {
"*wə-hāyəṯāh*": "conjunction + verb, qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - and it shall be",
"*lāhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - to them",
"*tərûmiyyāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - special offering/portion",
"*mitərûmaṯ*": "preposition + noun, feminine, singular, construct - from offering of",
"*hāʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine, singular - the land",
"*qōḏeš qāḏāšîm*": "noun, masculine, singular + noun, masculine, plural - holy of holies/most holy",
"*ʾel-gəḇûl*": "preposition + noun, masculine, singular, construct - to border of",
"*haləwiyyîm*": "definite article + proper noun, plural - the Levites"
},
"variants": {
"*tərûmiyyāh*": "special offering/special portion/contribution",
"*tərûmaṯ*": "offering/contribution/portion",
"*hāʾāreṣ*": "the land/the earth/the ground",
"*qōḏeš qāḏāšîm*": "most holy/holiest of holies",
"*gəḇûl*": "border/territory/boundary"
}
}
13 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.48.13",
"source": "וְהַלְוִיִּ֗ם לְעֻמַּת֙ גְּב֣וּל הַכֹּהֲנִ֔ים חֲמִשָּׁ֨ה וְעֶשְׂרִ֥ים אֶ֙לֶף֙ אֹ֔רֶךְ וְרֹ֖חַב עֲשֶׂ֣רֶת אֲלָפִ֑ים כָּל־אֹ֗רֶךְ חֲמִשָּׁ֤ה וְעֶשְׂרִים֙ אֶ֔לֶף וְרֹ֖חַב עֲשֶׂ֥רֶת אֲלָפִֽים׃",
"text": "And-the-*ləwiyyîm* alongside *gəḇûl* the-*kōhănîm* *ḥămiššāh* and-*ʿeśrîm* *ʾelep̄* *ʾōreḵ* and-*rōḥaḇ* *ʿăśereṯ* *ʾălāp̄îm* all-*ʾōreḵ* *ḥămiššāh* and-*ʿeśrîm* *ʾelep̄* and-*rōḥaḇ* *ʿăśereṯ* *ʾălāp̄îm*.",
"grammar": {
"*wə-haləwiyyîm*": "conjunction + definite article + proper noun, plural - and the Levites",
"*ləʿummaṯ*": "preposition - alongside/corresponding to",
"*gəḇûl*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - border of",
"*hakkōhănîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine, plural - the priests",
"*ḥămiššāh wə-ʿeśrîm ʾelep̄*": "numeral construct chain - twenty-five thousand",
"*ʾōreḵ*": "noun, masculine, singular - length",
"*wə-rōḥaḇ*": "conjunction + noun, masculine, singular - and width",
"*ʿăśereṯ ʾălāp̄îm*": "numeral construct chain - ten thousand",
"*kol-ʾōreḵ*": "noun, masculine, singular construct + noun - total length"
},
"variants": {
"*ləʿummaṯ*": "alongside/parallel to/corresponding to",
"*gəḇûl*": "border/territory/boundary",
"*ʾōreḵ*": "length",
"*rōḥaḇ*": "width/breadth"
}
}
14 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.48.14",
"source": "וְלֹא־יִמְכְּר֣וּ מִמֶּ֗נּוּ וְלֹ֥א יָמֵ֛ר וְלֹ֥א *יעבור **יַעֲבִ֖יר רֵאשִׁ֣ית הָאָ֑רֶץ כִּי־קֹ֖דֶשׁ לַיהוָֽה׃",
"text": "And-not-*yimkərû* from-it and-not *yāmēr* and-not *yaʿăḇîr* *rēʾšîṯ* the-*hāʾāreṣ* for-*qōḏeš* to-*YHWH*.",
"grammar": {
"*wə-lōʾ-yimkərû*": "conjunction + negative particle + verb, qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they shall not sell",
"*mimmenû*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - from it",
"*wə-lōʾ yāmēr*": "conjunction + negative particle + verb, hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he shall not exchange",
"*wə-lōʾ yaʿăḇîr*": "conjunction + negative particle + verb, hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he shall not transfer",
"*rēʾšîṯ*": "noun, feminine, singular, construct - firstfruits of/best of",
"*hāʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine, singular - the land",
"*kî-qōḏeš*": "conjunction + noun, masculine, singular - for it is holy",
"*laYHWH*": "preposition + divine name - to/for YHWH"
},
"variants": {
"*yimkərû*": "sell/trade",
"*yāmēr*": "exchange/substitute",
"*yaʿăḇîr*": "transfer/pass over/alienate",
"*rēʾšîṯ*": "firstfruits/best part/choicest",
"*hāʾāreṣ*": "the land/the earth/the ground",
"*qōḏeš*": "holy/sacred"
}
}
15 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.48.15",
"source": "וַחֲמֵ֨שֶׁת אֲלָפִ֜ים הַנּוֹתָ֣ר בָּרֹ֗חַב עַל־פְּנֵי֙ חֲמִשָּׁ֤ה וְעֶשְׂרִים֙ אֶ֔לֶף חֹֽל־ה֣וּא לָעִ֔יר לְמוֹשָׁ֖ב וּלְמִגְרָ֑שׁ וְהָיְתָ֥ה הָעִ֖יר *בתוכה **בְּתוֹכֽוֹ׃",
"text": "And-*ḥăměšeṯ* *ʾălāp̄îm* the-*nôṯār* in-the-*rōḥaḇ* upon-*pənê* *ḥămiššāh* and-*ʿeśrîm* *ʾelep̄* *ḥōl*-it for-the-*ʿîr* for-*môšāḇ* and-for-*miḡrāš* and-shall-be the-*ʿîr* in-*tôḵô*.",
"grammar": {
"*wa-ḥăměšeṯ ʾălāp̄îm*": "conjunction + numeral construct chain - and five thousand",
"*hannôṯār*": "definite article + verb, niphal participle, masculine, singular - the remaining/left over",
"*bā-rōḥaḇ*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine, singular - in the width",
"*ʿal-pənê*": "preposition + noun, masculine, plural, construct - upon the face of/before",
"*ḥămiššāh wə-ʿeśrîm ʾelep̄*": "numeral construct chain - twenty-five thousand",
"*ḥōl-hûʾ*": "noun, masculine, singular + 3rd masculine singular pronoun - it is common/profane",
"*lā-ʿîr*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine, singular - for the city",
"*lə-môšāḇ*": "preposition + noun, masculine, singular - for dwelling",
"*û-lə-miḡrāš*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, masculine, singular - and for open land",
"*wə-hāyəṯāh*": "conjunction + verb, qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - and it shall be",
"*hā-ʿîr*": "definite article + noun, feminine, singular - the city",
"*bə-tôḵô*": "preposition + noun, masculine, singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - in its midst"
},
"variants": {
"*nôṯār*": "remaining/left over",
"*rōḥaḇ*": "width/breadth",
"*pənê*": "face/front/surface",
"*ḥōl*": "common/profane/secular",
"*ʿîr*": "city",
"*môšāḇ*": "dwelling/habitation/settlement",
"*miḡrāš*": "open land/common land/pasture",
"*tôḵ*": "midst/middle/among"
}
}
16 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.48.16",
"source": "וְאֵלֶּה֮ מִדּוֹתֶיהָ֒ פְּאַ֣ת צָפ֗וֹן חֲמֵ֤שׁ מֵאוֹת֙ וְאַרְבַּ֣עַת אֲלָפִ֔ים וּפְאַת־נֶ֕גֶב חֲמֵ֥שׁ *חמש מֵא֖וֹת וְאַרְבַּ֣עַת אֲלָפִ֑ים וּמִפְּאַ֣ת קָדִ֗ים חֲמֵ֤שׁ מֵאוֹת֙ וְאַרְבַּ֣עַת אֲלָפִ֔ים וּפְאַת־יָ֕מָּה חֲמֵ֥שׁ מֵא֖וֹת וְאַרְבַּ֥עַת אֲלָפִֽים",
"text": "*wə-ʾēlleh* *middôtêhā* *pəʾat* *ṣāpôn* *ḥămēš* *mēʾôt* *wə-ʾarbaʿat* *ʾălāpîm* *û-pəʾat-negeb* *ḥămēš* *mēʾôt* *wə-ʾarbaʿat* *ʾălāpîm* *û-mippəʾat* *qādîm* *ḥămēš* *mēʾôt* *wə-ʾarbaʿat* *ʾălāpîm* *û-pəʾat-yāmmāh* *ḥămēš* *mēʾôt* *wə-ʾarbaʿat* *ʾălāpîm*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-ʾēlleh*": "conjunction + demonstrative pronoun, plural - and these",
"*middôtêhā*": "feminine plural noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - its measurements",
"*pəʾat*": "construct state, feminine singular - side/corner of",
"*ṣāpôn*": "masculine singular noun - north",
"*ḥămēš*": "cardinal number, feminine - five",
"*mēʾôt*": "plural of מֵאָה (hundred) - hundreds",
"*wə-ʾarbaʿat*": "conjunction + cardinal number, feminine construct - and four of",
"*ʾălāpîm*": "masculine plural noun - thousands",
"*û-pəʾat-negeb*": "conjunction + construct noun + noun - and side/corner of south",
"*û-mippəʾat*": "conjunction + preposition + construct noun - and from side/corner of",
"*qādîm*": "masculine singular noun - east",
"*yāmmāh*": "masculine singular noun with directional suffix - west/sea-ward"
},
"variants": {
"*pəʾat*": "side/border/edge/corner",
"*ṣāpôn*": "north/northern side",
"*negeb*": "south/southern region/Negev",
"*qādîm*": "east/eastern direction",
"*yāmmāh*": "westward/seaward/toward the Mediterranean"
}
}
17 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.48.17",
"source": "וְהָיָ֣ה מִגְרָשׁ֮ לָעִיר֒ צָפ֙וֹנָה֙ חֲמִשִּׁ֣ים וּמָאתַ֔יִם וְנֶ֖גְבָּה חֲמִשִּׁ֣ים וּמָאתָ֑יִם וְקָדִ֙ימָה֙ חֲמִשִּׁ֣ים וּמָאתַ֔יִם וְיָ֖מָּה חֲמִשִּׁ֥ים וּמָאתָֽיִם",
"text": "*wə-hāyāh* *migrāš* *lā-ʿîr* *ṣāpônāh* *ḥămiššîm* *û-māʾtayim* *wə-negbāh* *ḥămiššîm* *û-māʾtāyim* *wə-qādîmāh* *ḥămiššîm* *û-māʾtayim* *wə-yāmmāh* *ḥămiššîm* *û-māʾtāyim*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-hāyāh*": "conjunction + qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - and it shall be",
"*migrāš*": "masculine singular noun - open land/pasture land/suburb",
"*lā-ʿîr*": "preposition + definite article + feminine singular noun - for the city",
"*ṣāpônāh*": "masculine noun with directional suffix - northward",
"*ḥămiššîm*": "cardinal number - fifty",
"*û-māʾtayim*": "conjunction + dual form of מֵאָה - and two hundred",
"*wə-negbāh*": "conjunction + masculine noun with directional suffix - and southward",
"*wə-qādîmāh*": "conjunction + masculine noun with directional suffix - and eastward",
"*wə-yāmmāh*": "conjunction + masculine noun with directional suffix - and westward/seaward"
},
"variants": {
"*migrāš*": "open space/common land/pasture/suburb",
"*ṣāpônāh*": "toward the north/northward",
"*negbāh*": "toward the south/southward",
"*qādîmāh*": "toward the east/eastward",
"*yāmmāh*": "toward the west/seaward/westward"
}
}