Job 30:4

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Job.30.4", "source": "הַקֹּטְפִ֣ים מַלּ֣וּחַ עֲלֵי־שִׂ֑יחַ וְשֹׁ֖רֶשׁ רְתָמִ֣ים לַחְמָֽם", "text": "The *qōṭəp̄îm* *mallûaḥ* upon *śîaḥ* and *šōreš* *rəṯāmîm* their *laḥmām*", "grammar": { "*ha-qōṭəp̄îm*": "definite article with verb, qal participle, masculine plural - the ones plucking/gathering", "*mallûaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular - mallow/salt herb", "*ʿălê-śîaḥ*": "preposition with noun, masculine singular - upon bush/shrub", "*wə-šōreš*": "conjunction with noun, masculine singular construct - and root of", "*rəṯāmîm*": "noun, masculine plural - broom trees/juniper", "*laḥmām*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their bread/food" }, "variants": { "*qōṭəp̄îm*": "plucking/gathering/picking", "*mallûaḥ*": "mallow/salt herb/purslane", "*śîaḥ*": "bush/shrub/plant", "*šōreš*": "root/base/foundation", "*rəṯāmîm*": "broom trees/juniper/retem bushes", "*laḥmām*": "their bread/their food/their sustenance" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

הַקֹּטְפִ֣ים מַלּ֣וּחַ עֲלֵי־שִׂ֑יחַ וְשֹׁ֖רֶשׁ רְתָמִ֣ים לַחְמָֽם

Transliteration

The qōṭəp̄îm mallûaḥ upon śîaḥ and šōreš rəṯāmîm their laḥmām

Grammar Details

• *ha-qōṭəp̄îm*: definite article with verb, qal participle, masculine plural - the ones plucking/gathering
• *mallûaḥ*: noun, masculine singular - mallow/salt herb
• *ʿălê-śîaḥ*: preposition with noun, masculine singular - upon bush/shrub
• *wə-šōreš*: conjunction with noun, masculine singular construct - and root of
• *rəṯāmîm*: noun, masculine plural - broom trees/juniper
• *laḥmām*: noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their bread/food

Word Meanings

• *qōṭəp̄îm*: plucking/gathering/picking
• *mallûaḥ*: mallow/salt herb/purslane
• *śîaḥ*: bush/shrub/plant
• *šōreš*: root/base/foundation
• *rəṯāmîm*: broom trees/juniper/retem bushes
• *laḥmām*: their bread/their food/their sustenance

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  They pluck salt herbs from the bush, and the roots of broom trees are their food.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  Who cut up mallows by the bushes, and juniper roots for their meat.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  Who cut up mallows by the bushes, and juniper roots for their food.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  Who cut up mallows by the bushes, and juniper roots for their meat.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  They pluck{H6998} salt-wort{H4408} by the bushes;{H7880} And the roots{H8328} of the broom{H7574} are their food.{H3899}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  Who cut up{H6998}{(H8801)} mallows{H4408} by the bushes{H7880}, and juniper{H7574} roots{H8328} for their meat{H3899}.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  pluckynge vp herbes from amonge the bu?shes, & the Iunipers rote was their meate.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  They cut vp nettels by the bushes, & the iuniper rootes was their meate.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Plucking vp nettles among the busshes, and the iuniper rootes for their meate.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  Who cut up mallows by the bushes, and juniper roots [for] their meat.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  They pluck salt herbs by the bushes. The roots of the broom are their food.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  Those cropping mallows near a shrub, And broom-roots `is' their food.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  They pluck salt-wort by the bushes; And the roots of the broom are their food.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  They pluck salt-wort by the bushes; And the roots of the broom are their food.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  They are pulling off the salt leaves from the brushwood, and making a meal of roots.

• World English Bible (2000)

  They pluck salt herbs by the bushes. The roots of the broom are their food.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  By the brush they would gather herbs from the salt marshes, and the root of the broom tree was their food.

Referenced Verses

• 2 Kgs 4:38-39 : 38 { "verseID": "2 Kings.4.38", "source": "וֶאֱלִישָׁ֞ע שָׁ֤ב הַגִּלְגָּ֙לָה֙ וְהָרָעָ֣ב בָּאָ֔רֶץ וּבְנֵי֙ הַנְּבִיאִ֔ים יֹשְׁבִ֖ים לְפָנָ֑יו וַיֹּ֣אמֶר לְנַעֲר֗וֹ שְׁפֹת֙ הַסִּ֣יר הַגְּדוֹלָ֔ה וּבַשֵּׁ֥ל נָזִ֖יד לִבְנֵ֥י הַנְּבִיאִֽים׃", "text": "And *ʾĕlîšāʿ* *šāb* the *gilgālâ* and the *rāʿāb* in-the *ʾāreṣ* and *bənê* the *nəbîʾîm* *yōšəbîm* before-him and *yōʾmer* to-*naʿarô* *šəpōt* the *sîr* the *gədôlâ* and *baššēl* *nāzîd* for-*bənê* the *nəbîʾîm*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾĕlîšāʿ*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Elisha", "*šāb*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - returned", "*ha-gilgālâ*": "definite article + proper noun + directional suffix - to Gilgal", "*wə-hā-rāʿāb*": "conjunction + definite article + noun masculine singular - and the famine", "*bā-ʾāreṣ*": "preposition + definite article + noun feminine singular - in the land", "*û-bənê*": "conjunction + noun masculine plural construct - and sons of", "*ha-nəbîʾîm*": "definite article + noun masculine plural - the prophets", "*yōšəbîm*": "qal participle masculine plural - sitting", "*lə-pānāyw*": "preposition + noun masculine plural + possessive suffix 3rd masculine singular - before him", "*wə-yōʾmer*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - he said", "*lə-naʿarô*": "preposition + noun masculine singular + possessive suffix 3rd masculine singular - to his servant", "*šəpōt*": "qal imperative masculine singular - set/place", "*ha-sîr*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the pot", "*ha-gədôlâ*": "definite article + adjective feminine singular - the large", "*û-baššēl*": "conjunction + piel imperative masculine singular - and boil/cook", "*nāzîd*": "noun masculine singular - stew/pottage", "*li-bənê*": "preposition + noun masculine plural construct - for sons of", "*ha-nəbîʾîm*": "definite article + noun masculine plural - the prophets" }, "variants": { "*šāb*": "returned/turned back/came back", "*rāʿāb*": "famine/hunger", "*nəbîʾîm*": "prophets/seers", "*yōšəbîm*": "sitting/dwelling/staying", "*šəpōt*": "set/place/put", "*nāzîd*": "stew/pottage/boiled dish" } } 39 { "verseID": "2 Kings.4.39", "source": "וַיֵּצֵ֨א אֶחָ֣ד אֶל־הַשָּׂדֶה֮ לְלַקֵּ֣ט אֹרֹת֒ וַיִּמְצָא֙ גֶּ֣פֶן שָׂדֶ֔ה וַיְלַקֵּ֥ט מִמֶּ֛נּוּ פַּקֻּעֹ֥ת שָׂדֶ֖ה מְלֹ֣א בִגְד֑וֹ וַיָּבֹ֗א וַיְפַלַּ֛ח אֶל־סִ֥יר הַנָּזִ֖יד כִּֽי־לֹ֥א יָדָֽעוּ׃", "text": "And *yēṣēʾ* *ʾeḥād* unto-the *śādeh* to-*laqqēṭ* *ʾōrōt* and *yimṣāʾ* *gepen* *śādeh* and *yəlaqqēṭ* from-it *paqqūʿōt* *śādeh* *məlōʾ* *bigdô* and *yābōʾ* and *yəpallaḥ* into-*sîr* the *nāzîd* for-not *yādāʿû*", "grammar": { "*wə-yēṣēʾ*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - he went out", "*ʾeḥād*": "numeral masculine singular - one", "*ʾel-ha-śādeh*": "preposition + definite article + noun masculine singular - to the field", "*lə-laqqēṭ*": "preposition + piel infinitive construct - to gather", "*ʾōrōt*": "noun feminine plural - herbs", "*wə-yimṣāʾ*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - he found", "*gepen*": "noun feminine singular construct - vine of", "*śādeh*": "noun masculine singular - field", "*wə-yəlaqqēṭ*": "piel imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - he gathered", "*mimmenû*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - from it", "*paqqūʿōt*": "noun feminine plural - wild gourds", "*śādeh*": "noun masculine singular - field", "*məlōʾ*": "noun masculine singular construct - fullness of", "*bigdô*": "noun masculine singular + possessive suffix 3rd masculine singular - his garment", "*wə-yābōʾ*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - he came", "*wə-yəpallaḥ*": "piel imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - he cut/sliced", "*ʾel-sîr*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - into pot of", "*ha-nāzîd*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the stew", "*kî-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - for not", "*yādāʿû*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - they knew" }, "variants": { "*ʾōrōt*": "herbs/greens", "*gepen śādeh*": "wild vine/field vine", "*paqqūʿōt*": "wild gourds/colocynths (possibly poisonous)", "*yəpallaḥ*": "cut up/sliced/chopped" } }
• Amos 7:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Amos.7.14", "source": "וַיַּ֤עַן עָמוֹס֙ וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֶל־אֲמַצְיָ֔ה לֹא־נָבִ֣יא אָנֹ֔כִי וְלֹ֥א בֶן־נָבִ֖יא אָנֹ֑כִי כִּֽי־בוֹקֵ֥ר אָנֹ֖כִי וּבוֹלֵ֥ס שִׁקְמִֽים׃", "text": "And-*yaʿan* *ʿāmôs* and-*yōʾmer* *ʾel*-*ʾămaṣyāh* *lōʾ*-*nābîʾ* *ʾānōkî* and-*lōʾ* *ben*-*nābîʾ* *ʾānōkî* for-*bôqēr* *ʾānōkî* and-*bôlēs* *šiqmîm*.", "grammar": { "*yaʿan*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masc. singular with consecutive waw - and he answered", "*ʿāmôs*": "proper noun - Amos", "*yōʾmer*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masc. singular with consecutive waw - and he said", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to", "*ʾămaṣyāh*": "proper noun - Amaziah", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*nābîʾ*": "noun, masc. singular - prophet", "*ʾānōkî*": "1st singular pronoun - I", "*ben*": "noun, masc. singular construct - son of", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*bôqēr*": "qal participle, masc. singular - herdsman/shepherd", "*bôlēs*": "qal participle, masc. singular - gatherer/tender", "*šiqmîm*": "noun, masc. plural - sycamore figs" }, "variants": { "*nābîʾ*": "prophet/seer", "*bôqēr*": "herdsman/shepherd/cattle-breeder", "*bôlēs*": "gatherer/tender/dresser" } }
• Luke 15:16 : 16 { "verseID": "Luke.15.16", "source": "Καὶ ἐπεθύμει γεμίσαι τὴν κοιλίαν αὑτοῦ ἀπὸ τῶν κερατίων ὧν ἤσθιον οἱ χοῖροι: καὶ οὐδεὶς ἐδίδου αὐτῷ.", "text": "And *epethymei* *gemisai* the *koilian* of-himself from the *keratiōn* which *ēsthion* the *choiroi*: and no-one *edidou* to-him.", "grammar": { "*epethymei*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person singular - he was desiring", "*gemisai*": "aorist active infinitive - to fill", "*koilian*": "noun, feminine singular, accusative - belly/stomach", "αὑτοῦ": "reflexive pronoun, genitive, masculine, singular - of himself", "*keratiōn*": "noun, neuter plural, genitive - of carob pods", "ὧν": "relative pronoun, neuter plural, genitive - of which", "*ēsthion*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person plural - were eating", "*choiroi*": "noun, masculine plural, nominative - pigs/swine", "*edidou*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person singular - was giving" }, "variants": { "*epethymei*": "was desiring/longing for/craving", "*gemisai*": "to fill/satisfy", "*koilian*": "belly/stomach/abdomen", "*keratiōn*": "carob pods/husks/pods", "*ēsthion*": "were eating/consuming", "*choiroi*": "pigs/swine/hogs", "*edidou*": "was giving/providing/offering" } }